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+
+Mini-HOWTO for using the earlyprintk=dbgp boot option with a
+USB2 Debug port key and a debug cable, on x86 systems.
+
+You need two computers, the 'USB debug key' special gadget and
+and two USB cables, connected like this:
+
+  [host/target] <-------> [USB debug key] <-------> [client/console]
+
+1. There are a number of specific hardware requirements:
+
+ a.) Host/target system needs to have USB debug port capability.
+
+ You can check this capability by looking at a 'Debug port' bit in
+ the lspci -vvv output:
+
+ # lspci -vvv
+ ...
+ 00:1d.7 USB Controller: Intel Corporation 82801H (ICH8 Family) USB2 EHCI Controller #1 (rev 03) (prog-if 20 [EHCI])
+         Subsystem: Lenovo ThinkPad T61
+         Control: I/O- Mem+ BusMaster+ SpecCycle- MemWINV- VGASnoop- ParErr- Stepping- SERR+ FastB2B- DisINTx-
+         Status: Cap+ 66MHz- UDF- FastB2B+ ParErr- DEVSEL=medium >TAbort- <TAbort- <MAbort- >SERR- <PERR- INTx-
+         Latency: 0
+         Interrupt: pin D routed to IRQ 19
+         Region 0: Memory at fe227000 (32-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=1K]
+         Capabilities: [50] Power Management version 2
+                 Flags: PMEClk- DSI- D1- D2- AuxCurrent=375mA PME(D0+,D1-,D2-,D3hot+,D3cold+)
+                 Status: D0 PME-Enable- DSel=0 DScale=0 PME+
+         Capabilities: [58] Debug port: BAR=1 offset=00a0
+                            ^^^^^^^^^^^ <==================== [ HERE ]
+	 Kernel driver in use: ehci_hcd
+         Kernel modules: ehci-hcd
+ ...
+
+( If your system does not list a debug port capability then you probably
+  won't be able to use the USB debug key. )
+
+ b.) You also need a Netchip USB debug cable/key:
+
+        http://www.plxtech.com/products/NET2000/NET20DC/default.asp
+
+     This is a small blue plastic connector with two USB connections,
+     it draws power from its USB connections.
+
+ c.) You need a second client/console system with a high speed USB 2.0
+     port.
+
+ d.) The Netchip device must be plugged directly into the physical
+     debug port on the "host/target" system.  You cannot use a USB hub in
+     between the physical debug port and the "host/target" system.
+
+     The EHCI debug controller is bound to a specific physical USB
+     port and the Netchip device will only work as an early printk
+     device in this port.  The EHCI host controllers are electrically
+     wired such that the EHCI debug controller is hooked up to the
+     first physical and there is no way to change this via software.
+     You can find the physical port through experimentation by trying
+     each physical port on the system and rebooting.  Or you can try
+     and use lsusb or look at the kernel info messages emitted by the
+     usb stack when you plug a usb device into various ports on the
+     "host/target" system.
+
+     Some hardware vendors do not expose the usb debug port with a
+     physical connector and if you find such a device send a complaint
+     to the hardware vendor, because there is no reason not to wire
+     this port into one of the physically accessible ports.
+
+ e.) It is also important to note, that many versions of the Netchip
+     device require the "client/console" system to be plugged into the
+     right and side of the device (with the product logo facing up and
+     readable left to right).  The reason being is that the 5 volt
+     power supply is taken from only one side of the device and it
+     must be the side that does not get rebooted.
+
+2. Software requirements:
+
+ a.) On the host/target system:
+
+    You need to enable the following kernel config option:
+
+      CONFIG_EARLY_PRINTK_DBGP=y
+
+    And you need to add the boot command line: "earlyprintk=dbgp".
+    (If you are using Grub, append it to the 'kernel' line in
+     /etc/grub.conf)
+
+    On systems with more than one EHCI debug controller you must
+    specify the correct EHCI debug controller number.  The ordering
+    comes from the PCI bus enumeration of the EHCI controllers.  The
+    default with no number argument is "0" the first EHCI debug
+    controller.  To use the second EHCI debug controller, you would
+    use the command line: "earlyprintk=dbgp1"
+
+    NOTE: normally earlyprintk console gets turned off once the
+    regular console is alive - use "earlyprintk=dbgp,keep" to keep
+    this channel open beyond early bootup. This can be useful for
+    debugging crashes under Xorg, etc.
+
+ b.) On the client/console system:
+
+    You should enable the following kernel config option:
+
+      CONFIG_USB_SERIAL_DEBUG=y
+
+    On the next bootup with the modified kernel you should
+    get a /dev/ttyUSBx device(s).
+
+    Now this channel of kernel messages is ready to be used: start
+    your favorite terminal emulator (minicom, etc.) and set
+    it up to use /dev/ttyUSB0 - or use a raw 'cat /dev/ttyUSBx' to
+    see the raw output.
+
+ c.) On Nvidia Southbridge based systems: the kernel will try to probe
+     and find out which port has debug device connected.
+
+3. Testing that it works fine:
+
+   You can test the output by using earlyprintk=dbgp,keep and provoking
+   kernel messages on the host/target system. You can provoke a harmless
+   kernel message by for example doing:
+
+     echo h > /proc/sysrq-trigger
+
+   On the host/target system you should see this help line in "dmesg" output:
+
+     SysRq : HELP : loglevel(0-9) reBoot Crashdump terminate-all-tasks(E) memory-full-oom-kill(F) kill-all-tasks(I) saK show-backtrace-all-active-cpus(L) show-memory-usage(M) nice-all-RT-tasks(N) powerOff show-registers(P) show-all-timers(Q) unRaw Sync show-task-states(T) Unmount show-blocked-tasks(W) dump-ftrace-buffer(Z)
+
+   On the client/console system do:
+
+       cat /dev/ttyUSB0
+
+   And you should see the help line above displayed shortly after you've
+   provoked it on the host system.
+
+If it does not work then please ask about it on the linux-kernel@vger.kernel.org
+mailing list or contact the x86 maintainers.