Initial import

1 files changed, 4107 insertions, 0 deletions

diff --git a/drivers/md/dm-thin.c b/drivers/md/dm-thin.c
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..e22e6c892
--- /dev/null
+++ b/drivers/md/dm-thin.c
@@ -0,0 +1,4107 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2011-2012 Red Hat UK.
+ *
+ * This file is released under the GPL.
+ */
+
+#include "dm-thin-metadata.h"
+#include "dm-bio-prison.h"
+#include "dm.h"
+
+#include <linux/device-mapper.h>
+#include <linux/dm-io.h>
+#include <linux/dm-kcopyd.h>
+#include <linux/jiffies.h>
+#include <linux/log2.h>
+#include <linux/list.h>
+#include <linux/rculist.h>
+#include <linux/init.h>
+#include <linux/module.h>
+#include <linux/slab.h>
+#include <linux/vmalloc.h>
+#include <linux/sort.h>
+#include <linux/rbtree.h>
+
+#define	DM_MSG_PREFIX	"thin"
+
+/*
+ * Tunable constants
+ */
+#define ENDIO_HOOK_POOL_SIZE 1024
+#define MAPPING_POOL_SIZE 1024
+#define COMMIT_PERIOD HZ
+#define NO_SPACE_TIMEOUT_SECS 60
+
+static unsigned no_space_timeout_secs = NO_SPACE_TIMEOUT_SECS;
+
+DECLARE_DM_KCOPYD_THROTTLE_WITH_MODULE_PARM(snapshot_copy_throttle,
+		"A percentage of time allocated for copy on write");
+
+/*
+ * The block size of the device holding pool data must be
+ * between 64KB and 1GB.
+ */
+#define DATA_DEV_BLOCK_SIZE_MIN_SECTORS (64 * 1024 >> SECTOR_SHIFT)
+#define DATA_DEV_BLOCK_SIZE_MAX_SECTORS (1024 * 1024 * 1024 >> SECTOR_SHIFT)
+
+/*
+ * Device id is restricted to 24 bits.
+ */
+#define MAX_DEV_ID ((1 << 24) - 1)
+
+/*
+ * How do we handle breaking sharing of data blocks?
+ * =================================================
+ *
+ * We use a standard copy-on-write btree to store the mappings for the
+ * devices (note I'm talking about copy-on-write of the metadata here, not
+ * the data).  When you take an internal snapshot you clone the root node
+ * of the origin btree.  After this there is no concept of an origin or a
+ * snapshot.  They are just two device trees that happen to point to the
+ * same data blocks.
+ *
+ * When we get a write in we decide if it's to a shared data block using
+ * some timestamp magic.  If it is, we have to break sharing.
+ *
+ * Let's say we write to a shared block in what was the origin.  The
+ * steps are:
+ *
+ * i) plug io further to this physical block. (see bio_prison code).
+ *
+ * ii) quiesce any read io to that shared data block.  Obviously
+ * including all devices that share this block.  (see dm_deferred_set code)
+ *
+ * iii) copy the data block to a newly allocate block.  This step can be
+ * missed out if the io covers the block. (schedule_copy).
+ *
+ * iv) insert the new mapping into the origin's btree
+ * (process_prepared_mapping).  This act of inserting breaks some
+ * sharing of btree nodes between the two devices.  Breaking sharing only
+ * effects the btree of that specific device.  Btrees for the other
+ * devices that share the block never change.  The btree for the origin
+ * device as it was after the last commit is untouched, ie. we're using
+ * persistent data structures in the functional programming sense.
+ *
+ * v) unplug io to this physical block, including the io that triggered
+ * the breaking of sharing.
+ *
+ * Steps (ii) and (iii) occur in parallel.
+ *
+ * The metadata _doesn't_ need to be committed before the io continues.  We
+ * get away with this because the io is always written to a _new_ block.
+ * If there's a crash, then:
+ *
+ * - The origin mapping will point to the old origin block (the shared
+ * one).  This will contain the data as it was before the io that triggered
+ * the breaking of sharing came in.
+ *
+ * - The snap mapping still points to the old block.  As it would after
+ * the commit.
+ *
+ * The downside of this scheme is the timestamp magic isn't perfect, and
+ * will continue to think that data block in the snapshot device is shared
+ * even after the write to the origin has broken sharing.  I suspect data
+ * blocks will typically be shared by many different devices, so we're
+ * breaking sharing n + 1 times, rather than n, where n is the number of
+ * devices that reference this data block.  At the moment I think the
+ * benefits far, far outweigh the disadvantages.
+ */
+
+/*----------------------------------------------------------------*/
+
+/*
+ * Key building.
+ */
+static void build_data_key(struct dm_thin_device *td,
+			   dm_block_t b, struct dm_cell_key *key)
+{
+	key->virtual = 0;
+	key->dev = dm_thin_dev_id(td);
+	key->block_begin = b;
+	key->block_end = b + 1ULL;
+}
+
+static void build_virtual_key(struct dm_thin_device *td, dm_block_t b,
+			      struct dm_cell_key *key)
+{
+	key->virtual = 1;
+	key->dev = dm_thin_dev_id(td);
+	key->block_begin = b;
+	key->block_end = b + 1ULL;
+}
+
+/*----------------------------------------------------------------*/
+
+#define THROTTLE_THRESHOLD (1 * HZ)
+
+struct throttle {
+	struct rw_semaphore lock;
+	unsigned long threshold;
+	bool throttle_applied;
+};
+
+static void throttle_init(struct throttle *t)
+{
+	init_rwsem(&t->lock);
+	t->throttle_applied = false;
+}
+
+static void throttle_work_start(struct throttle *t)
+{
+	t->threshold = jiffies + THROTTLE_THRESHOLD;
+}
+
+static void throttle_work_update(struct throttle *t)
+{
+	if (!t->throttle_applied && jiffies > t->threshold) {
+		down_write(&t->lock);
+		t->throttle_applied = true;
+	}
+}
+
+static void throttle_work_complete(struct throttle *t)
+{
+	if (t->throttle_applied) {
+		t->throttle_applied = false;
+		up_write(&t->lock);
+	}
+}
+
+static void throttle_lock(struct throttle *t)
+{
+	down_read(&t->lock);
+}
+
+static void throttle_unlock(struct throttle *t)
+{
+	up_read(&t->lock);
+}
+
+/*----------------------------------------------------------------*/
+
+/*
+ * A pool device ties together a metadata device and a data device.  It
+ * also provides the interface for creating and destroying internal
+ * devices.
+ */
+struct dm_thin_new_mapping;
+
+/*
+ * The pool runs in 4 modes.  Ordered in degraded order for comparisons.
+ */
+enum pool_mode {
+	PM_WRITE,		/* metadata may be changed */
+	PM_OUT_OF_DATA_SPACE,	/* metadata may be changed, though data may not be allocated */
+	PM_READ_ONLY,		/* metadata may not be changed */
+	PM_FAIL,		/* all I/O fails */
+};
+
+struct pool_features {
+	enum pool_mode mode;
+
+	bool zero_new_blocks:1;
+	bool discard_enabled:1;
+	bool discard_passdown:1;
+	bool error_if_no_space:1;
+};
+
+struct thin_c;
+typedef void (*process_bio_fn)(struct thin_c *tc, struct bio *bio);
+typedef void (*process_cell_fn)(struct thin_c *tc, struct dm_bio_prison_cell *cell);
+typedef void (*process_mapping_fn)(struct dm_thin_new_mapping *m);
+
+#define CELL_SORT_ARRAY_SIZE 8192
+
+struct pool {
+	struct list_head list;
+	struct dm_target *ti;	/* Only set if a pool target is bound */
+
+	struct mapped_device *pool_md;
+	struct block_device *md_dev;
+	struct dm_pool_metadata *pmd;
+
+	dm_block_t low_water_blocks;
+	uint32_t sectors_per_block;
+	int sectors_per_block_shift;
+
+	struct pool_features pf;
+	bool low_water_triggered:1;	/* A dm event has been sent */
+	bool suspended:1;
+
+	struct dm_bio_prison *prison;
+	struct dm_kcopyd_client *copier;
+
+	struct workqueue_struct *wq;
+	struct throttle throttle;
+	struct work_struct worker;
+	struct delayed_work waker;
+	struct delayed_work no_space_timeout;
+
+	unsigned long last_commit_jiffies;
+	unsigned ref_count;
+
+	spinlock_t lock;
+	struct bio_list deferred_flush_bios;
+	struct list_head prepared_mappings;
+	struct list_head prepared_discards;
+	struct list_head active_thins;
+
+	struct dm_deferred_set *shared_read_ds;
+	struct dm_deferred_set *all_io_ds;
+
+	struct dm_thin_new_mapping *next_mapping;
+	mempool_t *mapping_pool;
+
+	process_bio_fn process_bio;
+	process_bio_fn process_discard;
+
+	process_cell_fn process_cell;
+	process_cell_fn process_discard_cell;
+
+	process_mapping_fn process_prepared_mapping;
+	process_mapping_fn process_prepared_discard;
+
+	struct dm_bio_prison_cell **cell_sort_array;
+};
+
+static enum pool_mode get_pool_mode(struct pool *pool);
+static void metadata_operation_failed(struct pool *pool, const char *op, int r);
+
+/*
+ * Target context for a pool.
+ */
+struct pool_c {
+	struct dm_target *ti;
+	struct pool *pool;
+	struct dm_dev *data_dev;
+	struct dm_dev *metadata_dev;
+	struct dm_target_callbacks callbacks;
+
+	dm_block_t low_water_blocks;
+	struct pool_features requested_pf; /* Features requested during table load */
+	struct pool_features adjusted_pf;  /* Features used after adjusting for constituent devices */
+};
+
+/*
+ * Target context for a thin.
+ */
+struct thin_c {
+	struct list_head list;
+	struct dm_dev *pool_dev;
+	struct dm_dev *origin_dev;
+	sector_t origin_size;
+	dm_thin_id dev_id;
+
+	struct pool *pool;
+	struct dm_thin_device *td;
+	struct mapped_device *thin_md;
+
+	bool requeue_mode:1;
+	spinlock_t lock;
+	struct list_head deferred_cells;
+	struct bio_list deferred_bio_list;
+	struct bio_list retry_on_resume_list;
+	struct rb_root sort_bio_list; /* sorted list of deferred bios */
+
+	/*
+	 * Ensures the thin is not destroyed until the worker has finished
+	 * iterating the active_thins list.
+	 */
+	atomic_t refcount;
+	struct completion can_destroy;
+};
+
+/*----------------------------------------------------------------*/
+
+/*
+ * wake_worker() is used when new work is queued and when pool_resume is
+ * ready to continue deferred IO processing.
+ */
+static void wake_worker(struct pool *pool)
+{
+	queue_work(pool->wq, &pool->worker);
+}
+
+/*----------------------------------------------------------------*/
+
+static int bio_detain(struct pool *pool, struct dm_cell_key *key, struct bio *bio,
+		      struct dm_bio_prison_cell **cell_result)
+{
+	int r;
+	struct dm_bio_prison_cell *cell_prealloc;
+
+	/*
+	 * Allocate a cell from the prison's mempool.
+	 * This might block but it can't fail.
+	 */
+	cell_prealloc = dm_bio_prison_alloc_cell(pool->prison, GFP_NOIO);
+
+	r = dm_bio_detain(pool->prison, key, bio, cell_prealloc, cell_result);
+	if (r)
+		/*
+		 * We reused an old cell; we can get rid of
+		 * the new one.
+		 */
+		dm_bio_prison_free_cell(pool->prison, cell_prealloc);
+
+	return r;
+}
+
+static void cell_release(struct pool *pool,
+			 struct dm_bio_prison_cell *cell,
+			 struct bio_list *bios)
+{
+	dm_cell_release(pool->prison, cell, bios);
+	dm_bio_prison_free_cell(pool->prison, cell);
+}
+
+static void cell_visit_release(struct pool *pool,
+			       void (*fn)(void *, struct dm_bio_prison_cell *),
+			       void *context,
+			       struct dm_bio_prison_cell *cell)
+{
+	dm_cell_visit_release(pool->prison, fn, context, cell);
+	dm_bio_prison_free_cell(pool->prison, cell);
+}
+
+static void cell_release_no_holder(struct pool *pool,
+				   struct dm_bio_prison_cell *cell,
+				   struct bio_list *bios)
+{
+	dm_cell_release_no_holder(pool->prison, cell, bios);
+	dm_bio_prison_free_cell(pool->prison, cell);
+}
+
+static void cell_error_with_code(struct pool *pool,
+				 struct dm_bio_prison_cell *cell, int error_code)
+{
+	dm_cell_error(pool->prison, cell, error_code);
+	dm_bio_prison_free_cell(pool->prison, cell);
+}
+
+static void cell_error(struct pool *pool, struct dm_bio_prison_cell *cell)
+{
+	cell_error_with_code(pool, cell, -EIO);
+}
+
+static void cell_success(struct pool *pool, struct dm_bio_prison_cell *cell)
+{
+	cell_error_with_code(pool, cell, 0);
+}
+
+static void cell_requeue(struct pool *pool, struct dm_bio_prison_cell *cell)
+{
+	cell_error_with_code(pool, cell, DM_ENDIO_REQUEUE);
+}
+
+/*----------------------------------------------------------------*/
+
+/*
+ * A global list of pools that uses a struct mapped_device as a key.
+ */
+static struct dm_thin_pool_table {
+	struct mutex mutex;
+	struct list_head pools;
+} dm_thin_pool_table;
+
+static void pool_table_init(void)
+{
+	mutex_init(&dm_thin_pool_table.mutex);
+	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&dm_thin_pool_table.pools);
+}
+
+static void __pool_table_insert(struct pool *pool)
+{
+	BUG_ON(!mutex_is_locked(&dm_thin_pool_table.mutex));
+	list_add(&pool->list, &dm_thin_pool_table.pools);
+}
+
+static void __pool_table_remove(struct pool *pool)
+{
+	BUG_ON(!mutex_is_locked(&dm_thin_pool_table.mutex));
+	list_del(&pool->list);
+}
+
+static struct pool *__pool_table_lookup(struct mapped_device *md)
+{
+	struct pool *pool = NULL, *tmp;
+
+	BUG_ON(!mutex_is_locked(&dm_thin_pool_table.mutex));
+
+	list_for_each_entry(tmp, &dm_thin_pool_table.pools, list) {
+		if (tmp->pool_md == md) {
+			pool = tmp;
+			break;
+		}
+	}
+
+	return pool;
+}
+
+static struct pool *__pool_table_lookup_metadata_dev(struct block_device *md_dev)
+{
+	struct pool *pool = NULL, *tmp;
+
+	BUG_ON(!mutex_is_locked(&dm_thin_pool_table.mutex));
+
+	list_for_each_entry(tmp, &dm_thin_pool_table.pools, list) {
+		if (tmp->md_dev == md_dev) {
+			pool = tmp;
+			break;
+		}
+	}
+
+	return pool;
+}
+
+/*----------------------------------------------------------------*/
+
+struct dm_thin_endio_hook {
+	struct thin_c *tc;
+	struct dm_deferred_entry *shared_read_entry;
+	struct dm_deferred_entry *all_io_entry;
+	struct dm_thin_new_mapping *overwrite_mapping;
+	struct rb_node rb_node;
+};
+
+static void __merge_bio_list(struct bio_list *bios, struct bio_list *master)
+{
+	bio_list_merge(bios, master);
+	bio_list_init(master);
+}
+
+static void error_bio_list(struct bio_list *bios, int error)
+{
+	struct bio *bio;
+
+	while ((bio = bio_list_pop(bios)))
+		bio_endio(bio, error);
+}
+
+static void error_thin_bio_list(struct thin_c *tc, struct bio_list *master, int error)
+{
+	struct bio_list bios;
+	unsigned long flags;
+
+	bio_list_init(&bios);
+
+	spin_lock_irqsave(&tc->lock, flags);
+	__merge_bio_list(&bios, master);
+	spin_unlock_irqrestore(&tc->lock, flags);
+
+	error_bio_list(&bios, error);
+}
+
+static void requeue_deferred_cells(struct thin_c *tc)
+{
+	struct pool *pool = tc->pool;
+	unsigned long flags;
+	struct list_head cells;
+	struct dm_bio_prison_cell *cell, *tmp;
+
+	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&cells);
+
+	spin_lock_irqsave(&tc->lock, flags);
+	list_splice_init(&tc->deferred_cells, &cells);
+	spin_unlock_irqrestore(&tc->lock, flags);
+
+	list_for_each_entry_safe(cell, tmp, &cells, user_list)
+		cell_requeue(pool, cell);
+}
+
+static void requeue_io(struct thin_c *tc)
+{
+	struct bio_list bios;
+	unsigned long flags;
+
+	bio_list_init(&bios);
+
+	spin_lock_irqsave(&tc->lock, flags);
+	__merge_bio_list(&bios, &tc->deferred_bio_list);
+	__merge_bio_list(&bios, &tc->retry_on_resume_list);
+	spin_unlock_irqrestore(&tc->lock, flags);
+
+	error_bio_list(&bios, DM_ENDIO_REQUEUE);
+	requeue_deferred_cells(tc);
+}
+
+static void error_retry_list(struct pool *pool)
+{
+	struct thin_c *tc;
+
+	rcu_read_lock();
+	list_for_each_entry_rcu(tc, &pool->active_thins, list)
+		error_thin_bio_list(tc, &tc->retry_on_resume_list, -EIO);
+	rcu_read_unlock();
+}
+
+/*
+ * This section of code contains the logic for processing a thin device's IO.
+ * Much of the code depends on pool object resources (lists, workqueues, etc)
+ * but most is exclusively called from the thin target rather than the thin-pool
+ * target.
+ */
+
+static bool block_size_is_power_of_two(struct pool *pool)
+{
+	return pool->sectors_per_block_shift >= 0;
+}
+
+static dm_block_t get_bio_block(struct thin_c *tc, struct bio *bio)
+{
+	struct pool *pool = tc->pool;
+	sector_t block_nr = bio->bi_iter.bi_sector;
+
+	if (block_size_is_power_of_two(pool))
+		block_nr >>= pool->sectors_per_block_shift;
+	else
+		(void) sector_div(block_nr, pool->sectors_per_block);
+
+	return block_nr;
+}
+
+static void remap(struct thin_c *tc, struct bio *bio, dm_block_t block)
+{
+	struct pool *pool = tc->pool;
+	sector_t bi_sector = bio->bi_iter.bi_sector;
+
+	bio->bi_bdev = tc->pool_dev->bdev;
+	if (block_size_is_power_of_two(pool))
+		bio->bi_iter.bi_sector =
+			(block << pool->sectors_per_block_shift) |
+			(bi_sector & (pool->sectors_per_block - 1));
+	else
+		bio->bi_iter.bi_sector = (block * pool->sectors_per_block) +
+				 sector_div(bi_sector, pool->sectors_per_block);
+}
+
+static void remap_to_origin(struct thin_c *tc, struct bio *bio)
+{
+	bio->bi_bdev = tc->origin_dev->bdev;
+}
+
+static int bio_triggers_commit(struct thin_c *tc, struct bio *bio)
+{
+	return (bio->bi_rw & (REQ_FLUSH | REQ_FUA)) &&
+		dm_thin_changed_this_transaction(tc->td);
+}
+
+static void inc_all_io_entry(struct pool *pool, struct bio *bio)
+{
+	struct dm_thin_endio_hook *h;
+
+	if (bio->bi_rw & REQ_DISCARD)
+		return;
+
+	h = dm_per_bio_data(bio, sizeof(struct dm_thin_endio_hook));
+	h->all_io_entry = dm_deferred_entry_inc(pool->all_io_ds);
+}
+
+static void issue(struct thin_c *tc, struct bio *bio)
+{
+	struct pool *pool = tc->pool;
+	unsigned long flags;
+
+	if (!bio_triggers_commit(tc, bio)) {
+		generic_make_request(bio);
+		return;
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * Complete bio with an error if earlier I/O caused changes to
+	 * the metadata that can't be committed e.g, due to I/O errors
+	 * on the metadata device.
+	 */
+	if (dm_thin_aborted_changes(tc->td)) {
+		bio_io_error(bio);
+		return;
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * Batch together any bios that trigger commits and then issue a
+	 * single commit for them in process_deferred_bios().
+	 */
+	spin_lock_irqsave(&pool->lock, flags);
+	bio_list_add(&pool->deferred_flush_bios, bio);
+	spin_unlock_irqrestore(&pool->lock, flags);
+}
+
+static void remap_to_origin_and_issue(struct thin_c *tc, struct bio *bio)
+{
+	remap_to_origin(tc, bio);
+	issue(tc, bio);
+}
+
+static void remap_and_issue(struct thin_c *tc, struct bio *bio,
+			    dm_block_t block)
+{
+	remap(tc, bio, block);
+	issue(tc, bio);
+}
+
+/*----------------------------------------------------------------*/
+
+/*
+ * Bio endio functions.
+ */
+struct dm_thin_new_mapping {
+	struct list_head list;
+
+	bool pass_discard:1;
+	bool definitely_not_shared:1;
+
+	/*
+	 * Track quiescing, copying and zeroing preparation actions.  When this
+	 * counter hits zero the block is prepared and can be inserted into the
+	 * btree.
+	 */
+	atomic_t prepare_actions;
+
+	int err;
+	struct thin_c *tc;
+	dm_block_t virt_block;
+	dm_block_t data_block;
+	struct dm_bio_prison_cell *cell, *cell2;
+
+	/*
+	 * If the bio covers the whole area of a block then we can avoid
+	 * zeroing or copying.  Instead this bio is hooked.  The bio will
+	 * still be in the cell, so care has to be taken to avoid issuing
+	 * the bio twice.
+	 */
+	struct bio *bio;
+	bio_end_io_t *saved_bi_end_io;
+};
+
+static void __complete_mapping_preparation(struct dm_thin_new_mapping *m)
+{
+	struct pool *pool = m->tc->pool;
+
+	if (atomic_dec_and_test(&m->prepare_actions)) {
+		list_add_tail(&m->list, &pool->prepared_mappings);
+		wake_worker(pool);
+	}
+}
+
+static void complete_mapping_preparation(struct dm_thin_new_mapping *m)
+{
+	unsigned long flags;
+	struct pool *pool = m->tc->pool;
+
+	spin_lock_irqsave(&pool->lock, flags);
+	__complete_mapping_preparation(m);
+	spin_unlock_irqrestore(&pool->lock, flags);
+}
+
+static void copy_complete(int read_err, unsigned long write_err, void *context)
+{
+	struct dm_thin_new_mapping *m = context;
+
+	m->err = read_err || write_err ? -EIO : 0;
+	complete_mapping_preparation(m);
+}
+
+static void overwrite_endio(struct bio *bio, int err)
+{
+	struct dm_thin_endio_hook *h = dm_per_bio_data(bio, sizeof(struct dm_thin_endio_hook));
+	struct dm_thin_new_mapping *m = h->overwrite_mapping;
+
+	m->err = err;
+	complete_mapping_preparation(m);
+}
+
+/*----------------------------------------------------------------*/
+
+/*
+ * Workqueue.
+ */
+
+/*
+ * Prepared mapping jobs.
+ */
+
+/*
+ * This sends the bios in the cell, except the original holder, back
+ * to the deferred_bios list.
+ */
+static void cell_defer_no_holder(struct thin_c *tc, struct dm_bio_prison_cell *cell)
+{
+	struct pool *pool = tc->pool;
+	unsigned long flags;
+
+	spin_lock_irqsave(&tc->lock, flags);
+	cell_release_no_holder(pool, cell, &tc->deferred_bio_list);
+	spin_unlock_irqrestore(&tc->lock, flags);
+
+	wake_worker(pool);
+}
+
+static void thin_defer_bio(struct thin_c *tc, struct bio *bio);
+
+struct remap_info {
+	struct thin_c *tc;
+	struct bio_list defer_bios;
+	struct bio_list issue_bios;
+};
+
+static void __inc_remap_and_issue_cell(void *context,
+				       struct dm_bio_prison_cell *cell)
+{
+	struct remap_info *info = context;
+	struct bio *bio;
+
+	while ((bio = bio_list_pop(&cell->bios))) {
+		if (bio->bi_rw & (REQ_DISCARD | REQ_FLUSH | REQ_FUA))
+			bio_list_add(&info->defer_bios, bio);
+		else {
+			inc_all_io_entry(info->tc->pool, bio);
+
+			/*
+			 * We can't issue the bios with the bio prison lock
+			 * held, so we add them to a list to issue on
+			 * return from this function.
+			 */
+			bio_list_add(&info->issue_bios, bio);
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+static void inc_remap_and_issue_cell(struct thin_c *tc,
+				     struct dm_bio_prison_cell *cell,
+				     dm_block_t block)
+{
+	struct bio *bio;
+	struct remap_info info;
+
+	info.tc = tc;
+	bio_list_init(&info.defer_bios);
+	bio_list_init(&info.issue_bios);
+
+	/*
+	 * We have to be careful to inc any bios we're about to issue
+	 * before the cell is released, and avoid a race with new bios
+	 * being added to the cell.
+	 */
+	cell_visit_release(tc->pool, __inc_remap_and_issue_cell,
+			   &info, cell);
+
+	while ((bio = bio_list_pop(&info.defer_bios)))
+		thin_defer_bio(tc, bio);
+
+	while ((bio = bio_list_pop(&info.issue_bios)))
+		remap_and_issue(info.tc, bio, block);
+}
+
+static void process_prepared_mapping_fail(struct dm_thin_new_mapping *m)
+{
+	if (m->bio) {
+		m->bio->bi_end_io = m->saved_bi_end_io;
+		atomic_inc(&m->bio->bi_remaining);
+	}
+	cell_error(m->tc->pool, m->cell);
+	list_del(&m->list);
+	mempool_free(m, m->tc->pool->mapping_pool);
+}
+
+static void process_prepared_mapping(struct dm_thin_new_mapping *m)
+{
+	struct thin_c *tc = m->tc;
+	struct pool *pool = tc->pool;
+	struct bio *bio;
+	int r;
+
+	bio = m->bio;
+	if (bio) {
+		bio->bi_end_io = m->saved_bi_end_io;
+		atomic_inc(&bio->bi_remaining);
+	}
+
+	if (m->err) {
+		cell_error(pool, m->cell);
+		goto out;
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * Commit the prepared block into the mapping btree.
+	 * Any I/O for this block arriving after this point will get
+	 * remapped to it directly.
+	 */
+	r = dm_thin_insert_block(tc->td, m->virt_block, m->data_block);
+	if (r) {
+		metadata_operation_failed(pool, "dm_thin_insert_block", r);
+		cell_error(pool, m->cell);
+		goto out;
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * Release any bios held while the block was being provisioned.
+	 * If we are processing a write bio that completely covers the block,
+	 * we already processed it so can ignore it now when processing
+	 * the bios in the cell.
+	 */
+	if (bio) {
+		inc_remap_and_issue_cell(tc, m->cell, m->data_block);
+		bio_endio(bio, 0);
+	} else {
+		inc_all_io_entry(tc->pool, m->cell->holder);
+		remap_and_issue(tc, m->cell->holder, m->data_block);
+		inc_remap_and_issue_cell(tc, m->cell, m->data_block);
+	}
+
+out:
+	list_del(&m->list);
+	mempool_free(m, pool->mapping_pool);
+}
+
+static void process_prepared_discard_fail(struct dm_thin_new_mapping *m)
+{
+	struct thin_c *tc = m->tc;
+
+	bio_io_error(m->bio);
+	cell_defer_no_holder(tc, m->cell);
+	cell_defer_no_holder(tc, m->cell2);
+	mempool_free(m, tc->pool->mapping_pool);
+}
+
+static void process_prepared_discard_passdown(struct dm_thin_new_mapping *m)
+{
+	struct thin_c *tc = m->tc;
+
+	inc_all_io_entry(tc->pool, m->bio);
+	cell_defer_no_holder(tc, m->cell);
+	cell_defer_no_holder(tc, m->cell2);
+
+	if (m->pass_discard)
+		if (m->definitely_not_shared)
+			remap_and_issue(tc, m->bio, m->data_block);
+		else {
+			bool used = false;
+			if (dm_pool_block_is_used(tc->pool->pmd, m->data_block, &used) || used)
+				bio_endio(m->bio, 0);
+			else
+				remap_and_issue(tc, m->bio, m->data_block);
+		}
+	else
+		bio_endio(m->bio, 0);
+
+	mempool_free(m, tc->pool->mapping_pool);
+}
+
+static void process_prepared_discard(struct dm_thin_new_mapping *m)
+{
+	int r;
+	struct thin_c *tc = m->tc;
+
+	r = dm_thin_remove_block(tc->td, m->virt_block);
+	if (r)
+		DMERR_LIMIT("dm_thin_remove_block() failed");
+
+	process_prepared_discard_passdown(m);
+}
+
+static void process_prepared(struct pool *pool, struct list_head *head,
+			     process_mapping_fn *fn)
+{
+	unsigned long flags;
+	struct list_head maps;
+	struct dm_thin_new_mapping *m, *tmp;
+
+	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&maps);
+	spin_lock_irqsave(&pool->lock, flags);
+	list_splice_init(head, &maps);
+	spin_unlock_irqrestore(&pool->lock, flags);
+
+	list_for_each_entry_safe(m, tmp, &maps, list)
+		(*fn)(m);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Deferred bio jobs.
+ */
+static int io_overlaps_block(struct pool *pool, struct bio *bio)
+{
+	return bio->bi_iter.bi_size ==
+		(pool->sectors_per_block << SECTOR_SHIFT);
+}
+
+static int io_overwrites_block(struct pool *pool, struct bio *bio)
+{
+	return (bio_data_dir(bio) == WRITE) &&
+		io_overlaps_block(pool, bio);
+}
+
+static void save_and_set_endio(struct bio *bio, bio_end_io_t **save,
+			       bio_end_io_t *fn)
+{
+	*save = bio->bi_end_io;
+	bio->bi_end_io = fn;
+}
+
+static int ensure_next_mapping(struct pool *pool)
+{
+	if (pool->next_mapping)
+		return 0;
+
+	pool->next_mapping = mempool_alloc(pool->mapping_pool, GFP_ATOMIC);
+
+	return pool->next_mapping ? 0 : -ENOMEM;
+}
+
+static struct dm_thin_new_mapping *get_next_mapping(struct pool *pool)
+{
+	struct dm_thin_new_mapping *m = pool->next_mapping;
+
+	BUG_ON(!pool->next_mapping);
+
+	memset(m, 0, sizeof(struct dm_thin_new_mapping));
+	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&m->list);
+	m->bio = NULL;
+
+	pool->next_mapping = NULL;
+
+	return m;
+}
+
+static void ll_zero(struct thin_c *tc, struct dm_thin_new_mapping *m,
+		    sector_t begin, sector_t end)
+{
+	int r;
+	struct dm_io_region to;
+
+	to.bdev = tc->pool_dev->bdev;
+	to.sector = begin;
+	to.count = end - begin;
+
+	r = dm_kcopyd_zero(tc->pool->copier, 1, &to, 0, copy_complete, m);
+	if (r < 0) {
+		DMERR_LIMIT("dm_kcopyd_zero() failed");
+		copy_complete(1, 1, m);
+	}
+}
+
+static void remap_and_issue_overwrite(struct thin_c *tc, struct bio *bio,
+				      dm_block_t data_block,
+				      struct dm_thin_new_mapping *m)
+{
+	struct pool *pool = tc->pool;
+	struct dm_thin_endio_hook *h = dm_per_bio_data(bio, sizeof(struct dm_thin_endio_hook));
+
+	h->overwrite_mapping = m;
+	m->bio = bio;
+	save_and_set_endio(bio, &m->saved_bi_end_io, overwrite_endio);
+	inc_all_io_entry(pool, bio);
+	remap_and_issue(tc, bio, data_block);
+}
+
+/*
+ * A partial copy also needs to zero the uncopied region.
+ */
+static void schedule_copy(struct thin_c *tc, dm_block_t virt_block,
+			  struct dm_dev *origin, dm_block_t data_origin,
+			  dm_block_t data_dest,
+			  struct dm_bio_prison_cell *cell, struct bio *bio,
+			  sector_t len)
+{
+	int r;
+	struct pool *pool = tc->pool;
+	struct dm_thin_new_mapping *m = get_next_mapping(pool);
+
+	m->tc = tc;
+	m->virt_block = virt_block;
+	m->data_block = data_dest;
+	m->cell = cell;
+
+	/*
+	 * quiesce action + copy action + an extra reference held for the
+	 * duration of this function (we may need to inc later for a
+	 * partial zero).
+	 */
+	atomic_set(&m->prepare_actions, 3);
+
+	if (!dm_deferred_set_add_work(pool->shared_read_ds, &m->list))
+		complete_mapping_preparation(m); /* already quiesced */
+
+	/*
+	 * IO to pool_dev remaps to the pool target's data_dev.
+	 *
+	 * If the whole block of data is being overwritten, we can issue the
+	 * bio immediately. Otherwise we use kcopyd to clone the data first.
+	 */
+	if (io_overwrites_block(pool, bio))
+		remap_and_issue_overwrite(tc, bio, data_dest, m);
+	else {
+		struct dm_io_region from, to;
+
+		from.bdev = origin->bdev;
+		from.sector = data_origin * pool->sectors_per_block;
+		from.count = len;
+
+		to.bdev = tc->pool_dev->bdev;
+		to.sector = data_dest * pool->sectors_per_block;
+		to.count = len;
+
+		r = dm_kcopyd_copy(pool->copier, &from, 1, &to,
+				   0, copy_complete, m);
+		if (r < 0) {
+			DMERR_LIMIT("dm_kcopyd_copy() failed");
+			copy_complete(1, 1, m);
+
+			/*
+			 * We allow the zero to be issued, to simplify the
+			 * error path.  Otherwise we'd need to start
+			 * worrying about decrementing the prepare_actions
+			 * counter.
+			 */
+		}
+
+		/*
+		 * Do we need to zero a tail region?
+		 */
+		if (len < pool->sectors_per_block && pool->pf.zero_new_blocks) {
+			atomic_inc(&m->prepare_actions);
+			ll_zero(tc, m,
+				data_dest * pool->sectors_per_block + len,
+				(data_dest + 1) * pool->sectors_per_block);
+		}
+	}
+
+	complete_mapping_preparation(m); /* drop our ref */
+}
+
+static void schedule_internal_copy(struct thin_c *tc, dm_block_t virt_block,
+				   dm_block_t data_origin, dm_block_t data_dest,
+				   struct dm_bio_prison_cell *cell, struct bio *bio)
+{
+	schedule_copy(tc, virt_block, tc->pool_dev,
+		      data_origin, data_dest, cell, bio,
+		      tc->pool->sectors_per_block);
+}
+
+static void schedule_zero(struct thin_c *tc, dm_block_t virt_block,
+			  dm_block_t data_block, struct dm_bio_prison_cell *cell,
+			  struct bio *bio)
+{
+	struct pool *pool = tc->pool;
+	struct dm_thin_new_mapping *m = get_next_mapping(pool);
+
+	atomic_set(&m->prepare_actions, 1); /* no need to quiesce */
+	m->tc = tc;
+	m->virt_block = virt_block;
+	m->data_block = data_block;
+	m->cell = cell;
+
+	/*
+	 * If the whole block of data is being overwritten or we are not
+	 * zeroing pre-existing data, we can issue the bio immediately.
+	 * Otherwise we use kcopyd to zero the data first.
+	 */
+	if (!pool->pf.zero_new_blocks)
+		process_prepared_mapping(m);
+
+	else if (io_overwrites_block(pool, bio))
+		remap_and_issue_overwrite(tc, bio, data_block, m);
+
+	else
+		ll_zero(tc, m,
+			data_block * pool->sectors_per_block,
+			(data_block + 1) * pool->sectors_per_block);
+}
+
+static void schedule_external_copy(struct thin_c *tc, dm_block_t virt_block,
+				   dm_block_t data_dest,
+				   struct dm_bio_prison_cell *cell, struct bio *bio)
+{
+	struct pool *pool = tc->pool;
+	sector_t virt_block_begin = virt_block * pool->sectors_per_block;
+	sector_t virt_block_end = (virt_block + 1) * pool->sectors_per_block;
+
+	if (virt_block_end <= tc->origin_size)
+		schedule_copy(tc, virt_block, tc->origin_dev,
+			      virt_block, data_dest, cell, bio,
+			      pool->sectors_per_block);
+
+	else if (virt_block_begin < tc->origin_size)
+		schedule_copy(tc, virt_block, tc->origin_dev,
+			      virt_block, data_dest, cell, bio,
+			      tc->origin_size - virt_block_begin);
+
+	else
+		schedule_zero(tc, virt_block, data_dest, cell, bio);
+}
+
+static void set_pool_mode(struct pool *pool, enum pool_mode new_mode);
+
+static void check_for_space(struct pool *pool)
+{
+	int r;
+	dm_block_t nr_free;
+
+	if (get_pool_mode(pool) != PM_OUT_OF_DATA_SPACE)
+		return;
+
+	r = dm_pool_get_free_block_count(pool->pmd, &nr_free);
+	if (r)
+		return;
+
+	if (nr_free)
+		set_pool_mode(pool, PM_WRITE);
+}
+
+/*
+ * A non-zero return indicates read_only or fail_io mode.
+ * Many callers don't care about the return value.
+ */
+static int commit(struct pool *pool)
+{
+	int r;
+
+	if (get_pool_mode(pool) >= PM_READ_ONLY)
+		return -EINVAL;
+
+	r = dm_pool_commit_metadata(pool->pmd);
+	if (r)
+		metadata_operation_failed(pool, "dm_pool_commit_metadata", r);
+	else
+		check_for_space(pool);
+
+	return r;
+}
+
+static void check_low_water_mark(struct pool *pool, dm_block_t free_blocks)
+{
+	unsigned long flags;
+
+	if (free_blocks <= pool->low_water_blocks && !pool->low_water_triggered) {
+		DMWARN("%s: reached low water mark for data device: sending event.",
+		       dm_device_name(pool->pool_md));
+		spin_lock_irqsave(&pool->lock, flags);
+		pool->low_water_triggered = true;
+		spin_unlock_irqrestore(&pool->lock, flags);
+		dm_table_event(pool->ti->table);
+	}
+}
+
+static int alloc_data_block(struct thin_c *tc, dm_block_t *result)
+{
+	int r;
+	dm_block_t free_blocks;
+	struct pool *pool = tc->pool;
+
+	if (WARN_ON(get_pool_mode(pool) != PM_WRITE))
+		return -EINVAL;
+
+	r = dm_pool_get_free_block_count(pool->pmd, &free_blocks);
+	if (r) {
+		metadata_operation_failed(pool, "dm_pool_get_free_block_count", r);
+		return r;
+	}
+
+	check_low_water_mark(pool, free_blocks);
+
+	if (!free_blocks) {
+		/*
+		 * Try to commit to see if that will free up some
+		 * more space.
+		 */
+		r = commit(pool);
+		if (r)
+			return r;
+
+		r = dm_pool_get_free_block_count(pool->pmd, &free_blocks);
+		if (r) {
+			metadata_operation_failed(pool, "dm_pool_get_free_block_count", r);
+			return r;
+		}
+
+		if (!free_blocks) {
+			set_pool_mode(pool, PM_OUT_OF_DATA_SPACE);
+			return -ENOSPC;
+		}
+	}
+
+	r = dm_pool_alloc_data_block(pool->pmd, result);
+	if (r) {
+		metadata_operation_failed(pool, "dm_pool_alloc_data_block", r);
+		return r;
+	}
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/*
+ * If we have run out of space, queue bios until the device is
+ * resumed, presumably after having been reloaded with more space.
+ */
+static void retry_on_resume(struct bio *bio)
+{
+	struct dm_thin_endio_hook *h = dm_per_bio_data(bio, sizeof(struct dm_thin_endio_hook));
+	struct thin_c *tc = h->tc;
+	unsigned long flags;
+
+	spin_lock_irqsave(&tc->lock, flags);
+	bio_list_add(&tc->retry_on_resume_list, bio);
+	spin_unlock_irqrestore(&tc->lock, flags);
+}
+
+static int should_error_unserviceable_bio(struct pool *pool)
+{
+	enum pool_mode m = get_pool_mode(pool);
+
+	switch (m) {
+	case PM_WRITE:
+		/* Shouldn't get here */
+		DMERR_LIMIT("bio unserviceable, yet pool is in PM_WRITE mode");
+		return -EIO;
+
+	case PM_OUT_OF_DATA_SPACE:
+		return pool->pf.error_if_no_space ? -ENOSPC : 0;
+
+	case PM_READ_ONLY:
+	case PM_FAIL:
+		return -EIO;
+	default:
+		/* Shouldn't get here */
+		DMERR_LIMIT("bio unserviceable, yet pool has an unknown mode");
+		return -EIO;
+	}
+}
+
+static void handle_unserviceable_bio(struct pool *pool, struct bio *bio)
+{
+	int error = should_error_unserviceable_bio(pool);
+
+	if (error)
+		bio_endio(bio, error);
+	else
+		retry_on_resume(bio);
+}
+
+static void retry_bios_on_resume(struct pool *pool, struct dm_bio_prison_cell *cell)
+{
+	struct bio *bio;
+	struct bio_list bios;
+	int error;
+
+	error = should_error_unserviceable_bio(pool);
+	if (error) {
+		cell_error_with_code(pool, cell, error);
+		return;
+	}
+
+	bio_list_init(&bios);
+	cell_release(pool, cell, &bios);
+
+	while ((bio = bio_list_pop(&bios)))
+		retry_on_resume(bio);
+}
+
+static void process_discard_cell(struct thin_c *tc, struct dm_bio_prison_cell *cell)
+{
+	int r;
+	struct bio *bio = cell->holder;
+	struct pool *pool = tc->pool;
+	struct dm_bio_prison_cell *cell2;
+	struct dm_cell_key key2;
+	dm_block_t block = get_bio_block(tc, bio);
+	struct dm_thin_lookup_result lookup_result;
+	struct dm_thin_new_mapping *m;
+
+	if (tc->requeue_mode) {
+		cell_requeue(pool, cell);
+		return;
+	}
+
+	r = dm_thin_find_block(tc->td, block, 1, &lookup_result);
+	switch (r) {
+	case 0:
+		/*
+		 * Check nobody is fiddling with this pool block.  This can
+		 * happen if someone's in the process of breaking sharing
+		 * on this block.
+		 */
+		build_data_key(tc->td, lookup_result.block, &key2);
+		if (bio_detain(tc->pool, &key2, bio, &cell2)) {
+			cell_defer_no_holder(tc, cell);
+			break;
+		}
+
+		if (io_overlaps_block(pool, bio)) {
+			/*
+			 * IO may still be going to the destination block.  We must
+			 * quiesce before we can do the removal.
+			 */
+			m = get_next_mapping(pool);
+			m->tc = tc;
+			m->pass_discard = pool->pf.discard_passdown;
+			m->definitely_not_shared = !lookup_result.shared;
+			m->virt_block = block;
+			m->data_block = lookup_result.block;
+			m->cell = cell;
+			m->cell2 = cell2;
+			m->bio = bio;
+
+			if (!dm_deferred_set_add_work(pool->all_io_ds, &m->list))
+				pool->process_prepared_discard(m);
+
+		} else {
+			inc_all_io_entry(pool, bio);
+			cell_defer_no_holder(tc, cell);
+			cell_defer_no_holder(tc, cell2);
+
+			/*
+			 * The DM core makes sure that the discard doesn't span
+			 * a block boundary.  So we submit the discard of a
+			 * partial block appropriately.
+			 */
+			if ((!lookup_result.shared) && pool->pf.discard_passdown)
+				remap_and_issue(tc, bio, lookup_result.block);
+			else
+				bio_endio(bio, 0);
+		}
+		break;
+
+	case -ENODATA:
+		/*
+		 * It isn't provisioned, just forget it.
+		 */
+		cell_defer_no_holder(tc, cell);
+		bio_endio(bio, 0);
+		break;
+
+	default:
+		DMERR_LIMIT("%s: dm_thin_find_block() failed: error = %d",
+			    __func__, r);
+		cell_defer_no_holder(tc, cell);
+		bio_io_error(bio);
+		break;
+	}
+}
+
+static void process_discard_bio(struct thin_c *tc, struct bio *bio)
+{
+	struct dm_bio_prison_cell *cell;
+	struct dm_cell_key key;
+	dm_block_t block = get_bio_block(tc, bio);
+
+	build_virtual_key(tc->td, block, &key);
+	if (bio_detain(tc->pool, &key, bio, &cell))
+		return;
+
+	process_discard_cell(tc, cell);
+}
+
+static void break_sharing(struct thin_c *tc, struct bio *bio, dm_block_t block,
+			  struct dm_cell_key *key,
+			  struct dm_thin_lookup_result *lookup_result,
+			  struct dm_bio_prison_cell *cell)
+{
+	int r;
+	dm_block_t data_block;
+	struct pool *pool = tc->pool;
+
+	r = alloc_data_block(tc, &data_block);
+	switch (r) {
+	case 0:
+		schedule_internal_copy(tc, block, lookup_result->block,
+				       data_block, cell, bio);
+		break;
+
+	case -ENOSPC:
+		retry_bios_on_resume(pool, cell);
+		break;
+
+	default:
+		DMERR_LIMIT("%s: alloc_data_block() failed: error = %d",
+			    __func__, r);
+		cell_error(pool, cell);
+		break;
+	}
+}
+
+static void __remap_and_issue_shared_cell(void *context,
+					  struct dm_bio_prison_cell *cell)
+{
+	struct remap_info *info = context;
+	struct bio *bio;
+
+	while ((bio = bio_list_pop(&cell->bios))) {
+		if ((bio_data_dir(bio) == WRITE) ||
+		    (bio->bi_rw & (REQ_DISCARD | REQ_FLUSH | REQ_FUA)))
+			bio_list_add(&info->defer_bios, bio);
+		else {
+			struct dm_thin_endio_hook *h = dm_per_bio_data(bio, sizeof(struct dm_thin_endio_hook));;
+
+			h->shared_read_entry = dm_deferred_entry_inc(info->tc->pool->shared_read_ds);
+			inc_all_io_entry(info->tc->pool, bio);
+			bio_list_add(&info->issue_bios, bio);
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+static void remap_and_issue_shared_cell(struct thin_c *tc,
+					struct dm_bio_prison_cell *cell,
+					dm_block_t block)
+{
+	struct bio *bio;
+	struct remap_info info;
+
+	info.tc = tc;
+	bio_list_init(&info.defer_bios);
+	bio_list_init(&info.issue_bios);
+
+	cell_visit_release(tc->pool, __remap_and_issue_shared_cell,
+			   &info, cell);
+
+	while ((bio = bio_list_pop(&info.defer_bios)))
+		thin_defer_bio(tc, bio);
+
+	while ((bio = bio_list_pop(&info.issue_bios)))
+		remap_and_issue(tc, bio, block);
+}
+
+static void process_shared_bio(struct thin_c *tc, struct bio *bio,
+			       dm_block_t block,
+			       struct dm_thin_lookup_result *lookup_result,
+			       struct dm_bio_prison_cell *virt_cell)
+{
+	struct dm_bio_prison_cell *data_cell;
+	struct pool *pool = tc->pool;
+	struct dm_cell_key key;
+
+	/*
+	 * If cell is already occupied, then sharing is already in the process
+	 * of being broken so we have nothing further to do here.
+	 */
+	build_data_key(tc->td, lookup_result->block, &key);
+	if (bio_detain(pool, &key, bio, &data_cell)) {
+		cell_defer_no_holder(tc, virt_cell);
+		return;
+	}
+
+	if (bio_data_dir(bio) == WRITE && bio->bi_iter.bi_size) {
+		break_sharing(tc, bio, block, &key, lookup_result, data_cell);
+		cell_defer_no_holder(tc, virt_cell);
+	} else {
+		struct dm_thin_endio_hook *h = dm_per_bio_data(bio, sizeof(struct dm_thin_endio_hook));
+
+		h->shared_read_entry = dm_deferred_entry_inc(pool->shared_read_ds);
+		inc_all_io_entry(pool, bio);
+		remap_and_issue(tc, bio, lookup_result->block);
+
+		remap_and_issue_shared_cell(tc, data_cell, lookup_result->block);
+		remap_and_issue_shared_cell(tc, virt_cell, lookup_result->block);
+	}
+}
+
+static void provision_block(struct thin_c *tc, struct bio *bio, dm_block_t block,
+			    struct dm_bio_prison_cell *cell)
+{
+	int r;
+	dm_block_t data_block;
+	struct pool *pool = tc->pool;
+
+	/*
+	 * Remap empty bios (flushes) immediately, without provisioning.
+	 */
+	if (!bio->bi_iter.bi_size) {
+		inc_all_io_entry(pool, bio);
+		cell_defer_no_holder(tc, cell);
+
+		remap_and_issue(tc, bio, 0);
+		return;
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * Fill read bios with zeroes and complete them immediately.
+	 */
+	if (bio_data_dir(bio) == READ) {
+		zero_fill_bio(bio);
+		cell_defer_no_holder(tc, cell);
+		bio_endio(bio, 0);
+		return;
+	}
+
+	r = alloc_data_block(tc, &data_block);
+	switch (r) {
+	case 0:
+		if (tc->origin_dev)
+			schedule_external_copy(tc, block, data_block, cell, bio);
+		else
+			schedule_zero(tc, block, data_block, cell, bio);
+		break;
+
+	case -ENOSPC:
+		retry_bios_on_resume(pool, cell);
+		break;
+
+	default:
+		DMERR_LIMIT("%s: alloc_data_block() failed: error = %d",
+			    __func__, r);
+		cell_error(pool, cell);
+		break;
+	}
+}
+
+static void process_cell(struct thin_c *tc, struct dm_bio_prison_cell *cell)
+{
+	int r;
+	struct pool *pool = tc->pool;
+	struct bio *bio = cell->holder;
+	dm_block_t block = get_bio_block(tc, bio);
+	struct dm_thin_lookup_result lookup_result;
+
+	if (tc->requeue_mode) {
+		cell_requeue(pool, cell);
+		return;
+	}
+
+	r = dm_thin_find_block(tc->td, block, 1, &lookup_result);
+	switch (r) {
+	case 0:
+		if (lookup_result.shared)
+			process_shared_bio(tc, bio, block, &lookup_result, cell);
+		else {
+			inc_all_io_entry(pool, bio);
+			remap_and_issue(tc, bio, lookup_result.block);
+			inc_remap_and_issue_cell(tc, cell, lookup_result.block);
+		}
+		break;
+
+	case -ENODATA:
+		if (bio_data_dir(bio) == READ && tc->origin_dev) {
+			inc_all_io_entry(pool, bio);
+			cell_defer_no_holder(tc, cell);
+
+			if (bio_end_sector(bio) <= tc->origin_size)
+				remap_to_origin_and_issue(tc, bio);
+
+			else if (bio->bi_iter.bi_sector < tc->origin_size) {
+				zero_fill_bio(bio);
+				bio->bi_iter.bi_size = (tc->origin_size - bio->bi_iter.bi_sector) << SECTOR_SHIFT;
+				remap_to_origin_and_issue(tc, bio);
+
+			} else {
+				zero_fill_bio(bio);
+				bio_endio(bio, 0);
+			}
+		} else
+			provision_block(tc, bio, block, cell);
+		break;
+
+	default:
+		DMERR_LIMIT("%s: dm_thin_find_block() failed: error = %d",
+			    __func__, r);
+		cell_defer_no_holder(tc, cell);
+		bio_io_error(bio);
+		break;
+	}
+}
+
+static void process_bio(struct thin_c *tc, struct bio *bio)
+{
+	struct pool *pool = tc->pool;
+	dm_block_t block = get_bio_block(tc, bio);
+	struct dm_bio_prison_cell *cell;
+	struct dm_cell_key key;
+
+	/*
+	 * If cell is already occupied, then the block is already
+	 * being provisioned so we have nothing further to do here.
+	 */
+	build_virtual_key(tc->td, block, &key);
+	if (bio_detain(pool, &key, bio, &cell))
+		return;
+
+	process_cell(tc, cell);
+}
+
+static void __process_bio_read_only(struct thin_c *tc, struct bio *bio,
+				    struct dm_bio_prison_cell *cell)
+{
+	int r;
+	int rw = bio_data_dir(bio);
+	dm_block_t block = get_bio_block(tc, bio);
+	struct dm_thin_lookup_result lookup_result;
+
+	r = dm_thin_find_block(tc->td, block, 1, &lookup_result);
+	switch (r) {
+	case 0:
+		if (lookup_result.shared && (rw == WRITE) && bio->bi_iter.bi_size) {
+			handle_unserviceable_bio(tc->pool, bio);
+			if (cell)
+				cell_defer_no_holder(tc, cell);
+		} else {
+			inc_all_io_entry(tc->pool, bio);
+			remap_and_issue(tc, bio, lookup_result.block);
+			if (cell)
+				inc_remap_and_issue_cell(tc, cell, lookup_result.block);
+		}
+		break;
+
+	case -ENODATA:
+		if (cell)
+			cell_defer_no_holder(tc, cell);
+		if (rw != READ) {
+			handle_unserviceable_bio(tc->pool, bio);
+			break;
+		}
+
+		if (tc->origin_dev) {
+			inc_all_io_entry(tc->pool, bio);
+			remap_to_origin_and_issue(tc, bio);
+			break;
+		}
+
+		zero_fill_bio(bio);
+		bio_endio(bio, 0);
+		break;
+
+	default:
+		DMERR_LIMIT("%s: dm_thin_find_block() failed: error = %d",
+			    __func__, r);
+		if (cell)
+			cell_defer_no_holder(tc, cell);
+		bio_io_error(bio);
+		break;
+	}
+}
+
+static void process_bio_read_only(struct thin_c *tc, struct bio *bio)
+{
+	__process_bio_read_only(tc, bio, NULL);
+}
+
+static void process_cell_read_only(struct thin_c *tc, struct dm_bio_prison_cell *cell)
+{
+	__process_bio_read_only(tc, cell->holder, cell);
+}
+
+static void process_bio_success(struct thin_c *tc, struct bio *bio)
+{
+	bio_endio(bio, 0);
+}
+
+static void process_bio_fail(struct thin_c *tc, struct bio *bio)
+{
+	bio_io_error(bio);
+}
+
+static void process_cell_success(struct thin_c *tc, struct dm_bio_prison_cell *cell)
+{
+	cell_success(tc->pool, cell);
+}
+
+static void process_cell_fail(struct thin_c *tc, struct dm_bio_prison_cell *cell)
+{
+	cell_error(tc->pool, cell);
+}
+
+/*
+ * FIXME: should we also commit due to size of transaction, measured in
+ * metadata blocks?
+ */
+static int need_commit_due_to_time(struct pool *pool)
+{
+	return !time_in_range(jiffies, pool->last_commit_jiffies,
+			      pool->last_commit_jiffies + COMMIT_PERIOD);
+}
+
+#define thin_pbd(node) rb_entry((node), struct dm_thin_endio_hook, rb_node)
+#define thin_bio(pbd) dm_bio_from_per_bio_data((pbd), sizeof(struct dm_thin_endio_hook))
+
+static void __thin_bio_rb_add(struct thin_c *tc, struct bio *bio)
+{
+	struct rb_node **rbp, *parent;
+	struct dm_thin_endio_hook *pbd;
+	sector_t bi_sector = bio->bi_iter.bi_sector;
+
+	rbp = &tc->sort_bio_list.rb_node;
+	parent = NULL;
+	while (*rbp) {
+		parent = *rbp;
+		pbd = thin_pbd(parent);
+
+		if (bi_sector < thin_bio(pbd)->bi_iter.bi_sector)
+			rbp = &(*rbp)->rb_left;
+		else
+			rbp = &(*rbp)->rb_right;
+	}
+
+	pbd = dm_per_bio_data(bio, sizeof(struct dm_thin_endio_hook));
+	rb_link_node(&pbd->rb_node, parent, rbp);
+	rb_insert_color(&pbd->rb_node, &tc->sort_bio_list);
+}
+
+static void __extract_sorted_bios(struct thin_c *tc)
+{
+	struct rb_node *node;
+	struct dm_thin_endio_hook *pbd;
+	struct bio *bio;
+
+	for (node = rb_first(&tc->sort_bio_list); node; node = rb_next(node)) {
+		pbd = thin_pbd(node);
+		bio = thin_bio(pbd);
+
+		bio_list_add(&tc->deferred_bio_list, bio);
+		rb_erase(&pbd->rb_node, &tc->sort_bio_list);
+	}
+
+	WARN_ON(!RB_EMPTY_ROOT(&tc->sort_bio_list));
+}
+
+static void __sort_thin_deferred_bios(struct thin_c *tc)
+{
+	struct bio *bio;
+	struct bio_list bios;
+
+	bio_list_init(&bios);
+	bio_list_merge(&bios, &tc->deferred_bio_list);
+	bio_list_init(&tc->deferred_bio_list);
+
+	/* Sort deferred_bio_list using rb-tree */
+	while ((bio = bio_list_pop(&bios)))
+		__thin_bio_rb_add(tc, bio);
+
+	/*
+	 * Transfer the sorted bios in sort_bio_list back to
+	 * deferred_bio_list to allow lockless submission of
+	 * all bios.
+	 */
+	__extract_sorted_bios(tc);
+}
+
+static void process_thin_deferred_bios(struct thin_c *tc)
+{
+	struct pool *pool = tc->pool;
+	unsigned long flags;
+	struct bio *bio;
+	struct bio_list bios;
+	struct blk_plug plug;
+	unsigned count = 0;
+
+	if (tc->requeue_mode) {
+		error_thin_bio_list(tc, &tc->deferred_bio_list, DM_ENDIO_REQUEUE);
+		return;
+	}
+
+	bio_list_init(&bios);
+
+	spin_lock_irqsave(&tc->lock, flags);
+
+	if (bio_list_empty(&tc->deferred_bio_list)) {
+		spin_unlock_irqrestore(&tc->lock, flags);
+		return;
+	}
+
+	__sort_thin_deferred_bios(tc);
+
+	bio_list_merge(&bios, &tc->deferred_bio_list);
+	bio_list_init(&tc->deferred_bio_list);
+
+	spin_unlock_irqrestore(&tc->lock, flags);
+
+	blk_start_plug(&plug);
+	while ((bio = bio_list_pop(&bios))) {
+		/*
+		 * If we've got no free new_mapping structs, and processing
+		 * this bio might require one, we pause until there are some
+		 * prepared mappings to process.
+		 */
+		if (ensure_next_mapping(pool)) {
+			spin_lock_irqsave(&tc->lock, flags);
+			bio_list_add(&tc->deferred_bio_list, bio);
+			bio_list_merge(&tc->deferred_bio_list, &bios);
+			spin_unlock_irqrestore(&tc->lock, flags);
+			break;
+		}
+
+		if (bio->bi_rw & REQ_DISCARD)
+			pool->process_discard(tc, bio);
+		else
+			pool->process_bio(tc, bio);
+
+		if ((count++ & 127) == 0) {
+			throttle_work_update(&pool->throttle);
+			dm_pool_issue_prefetches(pool->pmd);
+		}
+	}
+	blk_finish_plug(&plug);
+}
+
+static int cmp_cells(const void *lhs, const void *rhs)
+{
+	struct dm_bio_prison_cell *lhs_cell = *((struct dm_bio_prison_cell **) lhs);
+	struct dm_bio_prison_cell *rhs_cell = *((struct dm_bio_prison_cell **) rhs);
+
+	BUG_ON(!lhs_cell->holder);
+	BUG_ON(!rhs_cell->holder);
+
+	if (lhs_cell->holder->bi_iter.bi_sector < rhs_cell->holder->bi_iter.bi_sector)
+		return -1;
+
+	if (lhs_cell->holder->bi_iter.bi_sector > rhs_cell->holder->bi_iter.bi_sector)
+		return 1;
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static unsigned sort_cells(struct pool *pool, struct list_head *cells)
+{
+	unsigned count = 0;
+	struct dm_bio_prison_cell *cell, *tmp;
+
+	list_for_each_entry_safe(cell, tmp, cells, user_list) {
+		if (count >= CELL_SORT_ARRAY_SIZE)
+			break;
+
+		pool->cell_sort_array[count++] = cell;
+		list_del(&cell->user_list);
+	}
+
+	sort(pool->cell_sort_array, count, sizeof(cell), cmp_cells, NULL);
+
+	return count;
+}
+
+static void process_thin_deferred_cells(struct thin_c *tc)
+{
+	struct pool *pool = tc->pool;
+	unsigned long flags;
+	struct list_head cells;
+	struct dm_bio_prison_cell *cell;
+	unsigned i, j, count;
+
+	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&cells);
+
+	spin_lock_irqsave(&tc->lock, flags);
+	list_splice_init(&tc->deferred_cells, &cells);
+	spin_unlock_irqrestore(&tc->lock, flags);
+
+	if (list_empty(&cells))
+		return;
+
+	do {
+		count = sort_cells(tc->pool, &cells);
+
+		for (i = 0; i < count; i++) {
+			cell = pool->cell_sort_array[i];
+			BUG_ON(!cell->holder);
+
+			/*
+			 * If we've got no free new_mapping structs, and processing
+			 * this bio might require one, we pause until there are some
+			 * prepared mappings to process.
+			 */
+			if (ensure_next_mapping(pool)) {
+				for (j = i; j < count; j++)
+					list_add(&pool->cell_sort_array[j]->user_list, &cells);
+
+				spin_lock_irqsave(&tc->lock, flags);
+				list_splice(&cells, &tc->deferred_cells);
+				spin_unlock_irqrestore(&tc->lock, flags);
+				return;
+			}
+
+			if (cell->holder->bi_rw & REQ_DISCARD)
+				pool->process_discard_cell(tc, cell);
+			else
+				pool->process_cell(tc, cell);
+		}
+	} while (!list_empty(&cells));
+}
+
+static void thin_get(struct thin_c *tc);
+static void thin_put(struct thin_c *tc);
+
+/*
+ * We can't hold rcu_read_lock() around code that can block.  So we
+ * find a thin with the rcu lock held; bump a refcount; then drop
+ * the lock.
+ */
+static struct thin_c *get_first_thin(struct pool *pool)
+{
+	struct thin_c *tc = NULL;
+
+	rcu_read_lock();
+	if (!list_empty(&pool->active_thins)) {
+		tc = list_entry_rcu(pool->active_thins.next, struct thin_c, list);
+		thin_get(tc);
+	}
+	rcu_read_unlock();
+
+	return tc;
+}
+
+static struct thin_c *get_next_thin(struct pool *pool, struct thin_c *tc)
+{
+	struct thin_c *old_tc = tc;
+
+	rcu_read_lock();
+	list_for_each_entry_continue_rcu(tc, &pool->active_thins, list) {
+		thin_get(tc);
+		thin_put(old_tc);
+		rcu_read_unlock();
+		return tc;
+	}
+	thin_put(old_tc);
+	rcu_read_unlock();
+
+	return NULL;
+}
+
+static void process_deferred_bios(struct pool *pool)
+{
+	unsigned long flags;
+	struct bio *bio;
+	struct bio_list bios;
+	struct thin_c *tc;
+
+	tc = get_first_thin(pool);
+	while (tc) {
+		process_thin_deferred_cells(tc);
+		process_thin_deferred_bios(tc);
+		tc = get_next_thin(pool, tc);
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * If there are any deferred flush bios, we must commit
+	 * the metadata before issuing them.
+	 */
+	bio_list_init(&bios);
+	spin_lock_irqsave(&pool->lock, flags);
+	bio_list_merge(&bios, &pool->deferred_flush_bios);
+	bio_list_init(&pool->deferred_flush_bios);
+	spin_unlock_irqrestore(&pool->lock, flags);
+
+	if (bio_list_empty(&bios) &&
+	    !(dm_pool_changed_this_transaction(pool->pmd) && need_commit_due_to_time(pool)))
+		return;
+
+	if (commit(pool)) {
+		while ((bio = bio_list_pop(&bios)))
+			bio_io_error(bio);
+		return;
+	}
+	pool->last_commit_jiffies = jiffies;
+
+	while ((bio = bio_list_pop(&bios)))
+		generic_make_request(bio);
+}
+
+static void do_worker(struct work_struct *ws)
+{
+	struct pool *pool = container_of(ws, struct pool, worker);
+
+	throttle_work_start(&pool->throttle);
+	dm_pool_issue_prefetches(pool->pmd);
+	throttle_work_update(&pool->throttle);
+	process_prepared(pool, &pool->prepared_mappings, &pool->process_prepared_mapping);
+	throttle_work_update(&pool->throttle);
+	process_prepared(pool, &pool->prepared_discards, &pool->process_prepared_discard);
+	throttle_work_update(&pool->throttle);
+	process_deferred_bios(pool);
+	throttle_work_complete(&pool->throttle);
+}
+
+/*
+ * We want to commit periodically so that not too much
+ * unwritten data builds up.
+ */
+static void do_waker(struct work_struct *ws)
+{
+	struct pool *pool = container_of(to_delayed_work(ws), struct pool, waker);
+	wake_worker(pool);
+	queue_delayed_work(pool->wq, &pool->waker, COMMIT_PERIOD);
+}
+
+/*
+ * We're holding onto IO to allow userland time to react.  After the
+ * timeout either the pool will have been resized (and thus back in
+ * PM_WRITE mode), or we degrade to PM_READ_ONLY and start erroring IO.
+ */
+static void do_no_space_timeout(struct work_struct *ws)
+{
+	struct pool *pool = container_of(to_delayed_work(ws), struct pool,
+					 no_space_timeout);
+
+	if (get_pool_mode(pool) == PM_OUT_OF_DATA_SPACE && !pool->pf.error_if_no_space)
+		set_pool_mode(pool, PM_READ_ONLY);
+}
+
+/*----------------------------------------------------------------*/
+
+struct pool_work {
+	struct work_struct worker;
+	struct completion complete;
+};
+
+static struct pool_work *to_pool_work(struct work_struct *ws)
+{
+	return container_of(ws, struct pool_work, worker);
+}
+
+static void pool_work_complete(struct pool_work *pw)
+{
+	complete(&pw->complete);
+}
+
+static void pool_work_wait(struct pool_work *pw, struct pool *pool,
+			   void (*fn)(struct work_struct *))
+{
+	INIT_WORK_ONSTACK(&pw->worker, fn);
+	init_completion(&pw->complete);
+	queue_work(pool->wq, &pw->worker);
+	wait_for_completion(&pw->complete);
+}
+
+/*----------------------------------------------------------------*/
+
+struct noflush_work {
+	struct pool_work pw;
+	struct thin_c *tc;
+};
+
+static struct noflush_work *to_noflush(struct work_struct *ws)
+{
+	return container_of(to_pool_work(ws), struct noflush_work, pw);
+}
+
+static void do_noflush_start(struct work_struct *ws)
+{
+	struct noflush_work *w = to_noflush(ws);
+	w->tc->requeue_mode = true;
+	requeue_io(w->tc);
+	pool_work_complete(&w->pw);
+}
+
+static void do_noflush_stop(struct work_struct *ws)
+{
+	struct noflush_work *w = to_noflush(ws);
+	w->tc->requeue_mode = false;
+	pool_work_complete(&w->pw);
+}
+
+static void noflush_work(struct thin_c *tc, void (*fn)(struct work_struct *))
+{
+	struct noflush_work w;
+
+	w.tc = tc;
+	pool_work_wait(&w.pw, tc->pool, fn);
+}
+
+/*----------------------------------------------------------------*/
+
+static enum pool_mode get_pool_mode(struct pool *pool)
+{
+	return pool->pf.mode;
+}
+
+static void notify_of_pool_mode_change(struct pool *pool, const char *new_mode)
+{
+	dm_table_event(pool->ti->table);
+	DMINFO("%s: switching pool to %s mode",
+	       dm_device_name(pool->pool_md), new_mode);
+}
+
+static void set_pool_mode(struct pool *pool, enum pool_mode new_mode)
+{
+	struct pool_c *pt = pool->ti->private;
+	bool needs_check = dm_pool_metadata_needs_check(pool->pmd);
+	enum pool_mode old_mode = get_pool_mode(pool);
+	unsigned long no_space_timeout = ACCESS_ONCE(no_space_timeout_secs) * HZ;
+
+	/*
+	 * Never allow the pool to transition to PM_WRITE mode if user
+	 * intervention is required to verify metadata and data consistency.
+	 */
+	if (new_mode == PM_WRITE && needs_check) {
+		DMERR("%s: unable to switch pool to write mode until repaired.",
+		      dm_device_name(pool->pool_md));
+		if (old_mode != new_mode)
+			new_mode = old_mode;
+		else
+			new_mode = PM_READ_ONLY;
+	}
+	/*
+	 * If we were in PM_FAIL mode, rollback of metadata failed.  We're
+	 * not going to recover without a thin_repair.	So we never let the
+	 * pool move out of the old mode.
+	 */
+	if (old_mode == PM_FAIL)
+		new_mode = old_mode;
+
+	switch (new_mode) {
+	case PM_FAIL:
+		if (old_mode != new_mode)
+			notify_of_pool_mode_change(pool, "failure");
+		dm_pool_metadata_read_only(pool->pmd);
+		pool->process_bio = process_bio_fail;
+		pool->process_discard = process_bio_fail;
+		pool->process_cell = process_cell_fail;
+		pool->process_discard_cell = process_cell_fail;
+		pool->process_prepared_mapping = process_prepared_mapping_fail;
+		pool->process_prepared_discard = process_prepared_discard_fail;
+
+		error_retry_list(pool);
+		break;
+
+	case PM_READ_ONLY:
+		if (old_mode != new_mode)
+			notify_of_pool_mode_change(pool, "read-only");
+		dm_pool_metadata_read_only(pool->pmd);
+		pool->process_bio = process_bio_read_only;
+		pool->process_discard = process_bio_success;
+		pool->process_cell = process_cell_read_only;
+		pool->process_discard_cell = process_cell_success;
+		pool->process_prepared_mapping = process_prepared_mapping_fail;
+		pool->process_prepared_discard = process_prepared_discard_passdown;
+
+		error_retry_list(pool);
+		break;
+
+	case PM_OUT_OF_DATA_SPACE:
+		/*
+		 * Ideally we'd never hit this state; the low water mark
+		 * would trigger userland to extend the pool before we
+		 * completely run out of data space.  However, many small
+		 * IOs to unprovisioned space can consume data space at an
+		 * alarming rate.  Adjust your low water mark if you're
+		 * frequently seeing this mode.
+		 */
+		if (old_mode != new_mode)
+			notify_of_pool_mode_change(pool, "out-of-data-space");
+		pool->process_bio = process_bio_read_only;
+		pool->process_discard = process_discard_bio;
+		pool->process_cell = process_cell_read_only;
+		pool->process_discard_cell = process_discard_cell;
+		pool->process_prepared_mapping = process_prepared_mapping;
+		pool->process_prepared_discard = process_prepared_discard;
+
+		if (!pool->pf.error_if_no_space && no_space_timeout)
+			queue_delayed_work(pool->wq, &pool->no_space_timeout, no_space_timeout);
+		break;
+
+	case PM_WRITE:
+		if (old_mode != new_mode)
+			notify_of_pool_mode_change(pool, "write");
+		dm_pool_metadata_read_write(pool->pmd);
+		pool->process_bio = process_bio;
+		pool->process_discard = process_discard_bio;
+		pool->process_cell = process_cell;
+		pool->process_discard_cell = process_discard_cell;
+		pool->process_prepared_mapping = process_prepared_mapping;
+		pool->process_prepared_discard = process_prepared_discard;
+		break;
+	}
+
+	pool->pf.mode = new_mode;
+	/*
+	 * The pool mode may have changed, sync it so bind_control_target()
+	 * doesn't cause an unexpected mode transition on resume.
+	 */
+	pt->adjusted_pf.mode = new_mode;
+}
+
+static void abort_transaction(struct pool *pool)
+{
+	const char *dev_name = dm_device_name(pool->pool_md);
+
+	DMERR_LIMIT("%s: aborting current metadata transaction", dev_name);
+	if (dm_pool_abort_metadata(pool->pmd)) {
+		DMERR("%s: failed to abort metadata transaction", dev_name);
+		set_pool_mode(pool, PM_FAIL);
+	}
+
+	if (dm_pool_metadata_set_needs_check(pool->pmd)) {
+		DMERR("%s: failed to set 'needs_check' flag in metadata", dev_name);
+		set_pool_mode(pool, PM_FAIL);
+	}
+}
+
+static void metadata_operation_failed(struct pool *pool, const char *op, int r)
+{
+	DMERR_LIMIT("%s: metadata operation '%s' failed: error = %d",
+		    dm_device_name(pool->pool_md), op, r);
+
+	abort_transaction(pool);
+	set_pool_mode(pool, PM_READ_ONLY);
+}
+
+/*----------------------------------------------------------------*/
+
+/*
+ * Mapping functions.
+ */
+
+/*
+ * Called only while mapping a thin bio to hand it over to the workqueue.
+ */
+static void thin_defer_bio(struct thin_c *tc, struct bio *bio)
+{
+	unsigned long flags;
+	struct pool *pool = tc->pool;
+
+	spin_lock_irqsave(&tc->lock, flags);
+	bio_list_add(&tc->deferred_bio_list, bio);
+	spin_unlock_irqrestore(&tc->lock, flags);
+
+	wake_worker(pool);
+}
+
+static void thin_defer_bio_with_throttle(struct thin_c *tc, struct bio *bio)
+{
+	struct pool *pool = tc->pool;
+
+	throttle_lock(&pool->throttle);
+	thin_defer_bio(tc, bio);
+	throttle_unlock(&pool->throttle);
+}
+
+static void thin_defer_cell(struct thin_c *tc, struct dm_bio_prison_cell *cell)
+{
+	unsigned long flags;
+	struct pool *pool = tc->pool;
+
+	throttle_lock(&pool->throttle);
+	spin_lock_irqsave(&tc->lock, flags);
+	list_add_tail(&cell->user_list, &tc->deferred_cells);
+	spin_unlock_irqrestore(&tc->lock, flags);
+	throttle_unlock(&pool->throttle);
+
+	wake_worker(pool);
+}
+
+static void thin_hook_bio(struct thin_c *tc, struct bio *bio)
+{
+	struct dm_thin_endio_hook *h = dm_per_bio_data(bio, sizeof(struct dm_thin_endio_hook));
+
+	h->tc = tc;
+	h->shared_read_entry = NULL;
+	h->all_io_entry = NULL;
+	h->overwrite_mapping = NULL;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Non-blocking function called from the thin target's map function.
+ */
+static int thin_bio_map(struct dm_target *ti, struct bio *bio)
+{
+	int r;
+	struct thin_c *tc = ti->private;
+	dm_block_t block = get_bio_block(tc, bio);
+	struct dm_thin_device *td = tc->td;
+	struct dm_thin_lookup_result result;
+	struct dm_bio_prison_cell *virt_cell, *data_cell;
+	struct dm_cell_key key;
+
+	thin_hook_bio(tc, bio);
+
+	if (tc->requeue_mode) {
+		bio_endio(bio, DM_ENDIO_REQUEUE);
+		return DM_MAPIO_SUBMITTED;
+	}
+
+	if (get_pool_mode(tc->pool) == PM_FAIL) {
+		bio_io_error(bio);
+		return DM_MAPIO_SUBMITTED;
+	}
+
+	if (bio->bi_rw & (REQ_DISCARD | REQ_FLUSH | REQ_FUA)) {
+		thin_defer_bio_with_throttle(tc, bio);
+		return DM_MAPIO_SUBMITTED;
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * We must hold the virtual cell before doing the lookup, otherwise
+	 * there's a race with discard.
+	 */
+	build_virtual_key(tc->td, block, &key);
+	if (bio_detain(tc->pool, &key, bio, &virt_cell))
+		return DM_MAPIO_SUBMITTED;
+
+	r = dm_thin_find_block(td, block, 0, &result);
+
+	/*
+	 * Note that we defer readahead too.
+	 */
+	switch (r) {
+	case 0:
+		if (unlikely(result.shared)) {
+			/*
+			 * We have a race condition here between the
+			 * result.shared value returned by the lookup and
+			 * snapshot creation, which may cause new
+			 * sharing.
+			 *
+			 * To avoid this always quiesce the origin before
+			 * taking the snap.  You want to do this anyway to
+			 * ensure a consistent application view
+			 * (i.e. lockfs).
+			 *
+			 * More distant ancestors are irrelevant. The
+			 * shared flag will be set in their case.
+			 */
+			thin_defer_cell(tc, virt_cell);
+			return DM_MAPIO_SUBMITTED;
+		}
+
+		build_data_key(tc->td, result.block, &key);
+		if (bio_detain(tc->pool, &key, bio, &data_cell)) {
+			cell_defer_no_holder(tc, virt_cell);
+			return DM_MAPIO_SUBMITTED;
+		}
+
+		inc_all_io_entry(tc->pool, bio);
+		cell_defer_no_holder(tc, data_cell);
+		cell_defer_no_holder(tc, virt_cell);
+
+		remap(tc, bio, result.block);
+		return DM_MAPIO_REMAPPED;
+
+	case -ENODATA:
+	case -EWOULDBLOCK:
+		thin_defer_cell(tc, virt_cell);
+		return DM_MAPIO_SUBMITTED;
+
+	default:
+		/*
+		 * Must always call bio_io_error on failure.
+		 * dm_thin_find_block can fail with -EINVAL if the
+		 * pool is switched to fail-io mode.
+		 */
+		bio_io_error(bio);
+		cell_defer_no_holder(tc, virt_cell);
+		return DM_MAPIO_SUBMITTED;
+	}
+}
+
+static int pool_is_congested(struct dm_target_callbacks *cb, int bdi_bits)
+{
+	struct pool_c *pt = container_of(cb, struct pool_c, callbacks);
+	struct request_queue *q;
+
+	if (get_pool_mode(pt->pool) == PM_OUT_OF_DATA_SPACE)
+		return 1;
+
+	q = bdev_get_queue(pt->data_dev->bdev);
+	return bdi_congested(&q->backing_dev_info, bdi_bits);
+}
+
+static void requeue_bios(struct pool *pool)
+{
+	unsigned long flags;
+	struct thin_c *tc;
+
+	rcu_read_lock();
+	list_for_each_entry_rcu(tc, &pool->active_thins, list) {
+		spin_lock_irqsave(&tc->lock, flags);
+		bio_list_merge(&tc->deferred_bio_list, &tc->retry_on_resume_list);
+		bio_list_init(&tc->retry_on_resume_list);
+		spin_unlock_irqrestore(&tc->lock, flags);
+	}
+	rcu_read_unlock();
+}
+
+/*----------------------------------------------------------------
+ * Binding of control targets to a pool object
+ *--------------------------------------------------------------*/
+static bool data_dev_supports_discard(struct pool_c *pt)
+{
+	struct request_queue *q = bdev_get_queue(pt->data_dev->bdev);
+
+	return q && blk_queue_discard(q);
+}
+
+static bool is_factor(sector_t block_size, uint32_t n)
+{
+	return !sector_div(block_size, n);
+}
+
+/*
+ * If discard_passdown was enabled verify that the data device
+ * supports discards.  Disable discard_passdown if not.
+ */
+static void disable_passdown_if_not_supported(struct pool_c *pt)
+{
+	struct pool *pool = pt->pool;
+	struct block_device *data_bdev = pt->data_dev->bdev;
+	struct queue_limits *data_limits = &bdev_get_queue(data_bdev)->limits;
+	sector_t block_size = pool->sectors_per_block << SECTOR_SHIFT;
+	const char *reason = NULL;
+	char buf[BDEVNAME_SIZE];
+
+	if (!pt->adjusted_pf.discard_passdown)
+		return;
+
+	if (!data_dev_supports_discard(pt))
+		reason = "discard unsupported";
+
+	else if (data_limits->max_discard_sectors < pool->sectors_per_block)
+		reason = "max discard sectors smaller than a block";
+
+	else if (data_limits->discard_granularity > block_size)
+		reason = "discard granularity larger than a block";
+
+	else if (!is_factor(block_size, data_limits->discard_granularity))
+		reason = "discard granularity not a factor of block size";
+
+	if (reason) {
+		DMWARN("Data device (%s) %s: Disabling discard passdown.", bdevname(data_bdev, buf), reason);
+		pt->adjusted_pf.discard_passdown = false;
+	}
+}
+
+static int bind_control_target(struct pool *pool, struct dm_target *ti)
+{
+	struct pool_c *pt = ti->private;
+
+	/*
+	 * We want to make sure that a pool in PM_FAIL mode is never upgraded.
+	 */
+	enum pool_mode old_mode = get_pool_mode(pool);
+	enum pool_mode new_mode = pt->adjusted_pf.mode;
+
+	/*
+	 * Don't change the pool's mode until set_pool_mode() below.
+	 * Otherwise the pool's process_* function pointers may
+	 * not match the desired pool mode.
+	 */
+	pt->adjusted_pf.mode = old_mode;
+
+	pool->ti = ti;
+	pool->pf = pt->adjusted_pf;
+	pool->low_water_blocks = pt->low_water_blocks;
+
+	set_pool_mode(pool, new_mode);
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static void unbind_control_target(struct pool *pool, struct dm_target *ti)
+{
+	if (pool->ti == ti)
+		pool->ti = NULL;
+}
+
+/*----------------------------------------------------------------
+ * Pool creation
+ *--------------------------------------------------------------*/
+/* Initialize pool features. */
+static void pool_features_init(struct pool_features *pf)
+{
+	pf->mode = PM_WRITE;
+	pf->zero_new_blocks = true;
+	pf->discard_enabled = true;
+	pf->discard_passdown = true;
+	pf->error_if_no_space = false;
+}
+
+static void __pool_destroy(struct pool *pool)
+{
+	__pool_table_remove(pool);
+
+	vfree(pool->cell_sort_array);
+	if (dm_pool_metadata_close(pool->pmd) < 0)
+		DMWARN("%s: dm_pool_metadata_close() failed.", __func__);
+
+	dm_bio_prison_destroy(pool->prison);
+	dm_kcopyd_client_destroy(pool->copier);
+
+	if (pool->wq)
+		destroy_workqueue(pool->wq);
+
+	if (pool->next_mapping)
+		mempool_free(pool->next_mapping, pool->mapping_pool);
+	mempool_destroy(pool->mapping_pool);
+	dm_deferred_set_destroy(pool->shared_read_ds);
+	dm_deferred_set_destroy(pool->all_io_ds);
+	kfree(pool);
+}
+
+static struct kmem_cache *_new_mapping_cache;
+
+static struct pool *pool_create(struct mapped_device *pool_md,
+				struct block_device *metadata_dev,
+				unsigned long block_size,
+				int read_only, char **error)
+{
+	int r;
+	void *err_p;
+	struct pool *pool;
+	struct dm_pool_metadata *pmd;
+	bool format_device = read_only ? false : true;
+
+	pmd = dm_pool_metadata_open(metadata_dev, block_size, format_device);
+	if (IS_ERR(pmd)) {
+		*error = "Error creating metadata object";
+		return (struct pool *)pmd;
+	}
+
+	pool = kmalloc(sizeof(*pool), GFP_KERNEL);
+	if (!pool) {
+		*error = "Error allocating memory for pool";
+		err_p = ERR_PTR(-ENOMEM);
+		goto bad_pool;
+	}
+
+	pool->pmd = pmd;
+	pool->sectors_per_block = block_size;
+	if (block_size & (block_size - 1))
+		pool->sectors_per_block_shift = -1;
+	else
+		pool->sectors_per_block_shift = __ffs(block_size);
+	pool->low_water_blocks = 0;
+	pool_features_init(&pool->pf);
+	pool->prison = dm_bio_prison_create();
+	if (!pool->prison) {
+		*error = "Error creating pool's bio prison";
+		err_p = ERR_PTR(-ENOMEM);
+		goto bad_prison;
+	}
+
+	pool->copier = dm_kcopyd_client_create(&dm_kcopyd_throttle);
+	if (IS_ERR(pool->copier)) {
+		r = PTR_ERR(pool->copier);
+		*error = "Error creating pool's kcopyd client";
+		err_p = ERR_PTR(r);
+		goto bad_kcopyd_client;
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * Create singlethreaded workqueue that will service all devices
+	 * that use this metadata.
+	 */
+	pool->wq = alloc_ordered_workqueue("dm-" DM_MSG_PREFIX, WQ_MEM_RECLAIM);
+	if (!pool->wq) {
+		*error = "Error creating pool's workqueue";
+		err_p = ERR_PTR(-ENOMEM);
+		goto bad_wq;
+	}
+
+	throttle_init(&pool->throttle);
+	INIT_WORK(&pool->worker, do_worker);
+	INIT_DELAYED_WORK(&pool->waker, do_waker);
+	INIT_DELAYED_WORK(&pool->no_space_timeout, do_no_space_timeout);
+	spin_lock_init(&pool->lock);
+	bio_list_init(&pool->deferred_flush_bios);
+	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&pool->prepared_mappings);
+	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&pool->prepared_discards);
+	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&pool->active_thins);
+	pool->low_water_triggered = false;
+	pool->suspended = true;
+
+	pool->shared_read_ds = dm_deferred_set_create();
+	if (!pool->shared_read_ds) {
+		*error = "Error creating pool's shared read deferred set";
+		err_p = ERR_PTR(-ENOMEM);
+		goto bad_shared_read_ds;
+	}
+
+	pool->all_io_ds = dm_deferred_set_create();
+	if (!pool->all_io_ds) {
+		*error = "Error creating pool's all io deferred set";
+		err_p = ERR_PTR(-ENOMEM);
+		goto bad_all_io_ds;
+	}
+
+	pool->next_mapping = NULL;
+	pool->mapping_pool = mempool_create_slab_pool(MAPPING_POOL_SIZE,
+						      _new_mapping_cache);
+	if (!pool->mapping_pool) {
+		*error = "Error creating pool's mapping mempool";
+		err_p = ERR_PTR(-ENOMEM);
+		goto bad_mapping_pool;
+	}
+
+	pool->cell_sort_array = vmalloc(sizeof(*pool->cell_sort_array) * CELL_SORT_ARRAY_SIZE);
+	if (!pool->cell_sort_array) {
+		*error = "Error allocating cell sort array";
+		err_p = ERR_PTR(-ENOMEM);
+		goto bad_sort_array;
+	}
+
+	pool->ref_count = 1;
+	pool->last_commit_jiffies = jiffies;
+	pool->pool_md = pool_md;
+	pool->md_dev = metadata_dev;
+	__pool_table_insert(pool);
+
+	return pool;
+
+bad_sort_array:
+	mempool_destroy(pool->mapping_pool);
+bad_mapping_pool:
+	dm_deferred_set_destroy(pool->all_io_ds);
+bad_all_io_ds:
+	dm_deferred_set_destroy(pool->shared_read_ds);
+bad_shared_read_ds:
+	destroy_workqueue(pool->wq);
+bad_wq:
+	dm_kcopyd_client_destroy(pool->copier);
+bad_kcopyd_client:
+	dm_bio_prison_destroy(pool->prison);
+bad_prison:
+	kfree(pool);
+bad_pool:
+	if (dm_pool_metadata_close(pmd))
+		DMWARN("%s: dm_pool_metadata_close() failed.", __func__);
+
+	return err_p;
+}
+
+static void __pool_inc(struct pool *pool)
+{
+	BUG_ON(!mutex_is_locked(&dm_thin_pool_table.mutex));
+	pool->ref_count++;
+}
+
+static void __pool_dec(struct pool *pool)
+{
+	BUG_ON(!mutex_is_locked(&dm_thin_pool_table.mutex));
+	BUG_ON(!pool->ref_count);
+	if (!--pool->ref_count)
+		__pool_destroy(pool);
+}
+
+static struct pool *__pool_find(struct mapped_device *pool_md,
+				struct block_device *metadata_dev,
+				unsigned long block_size, int read_only,
+				char **error, int *created)
+{
+	struct pool *pool = __pool_table_lookup_metadata_dev(metadata_dev);
+
+	if (pool) {
+		if (pool->pool_md != pool_md) {
+			*error = "metadata device already in use by a pool";
+			return ERR_PTR(-EBUSY);
+		}
+		__pool_inc(pool);
+
+	} else {
+		pool = __pool_table_lookup(pool_md);
+		if (pool) {
+			if (pool->md_dev != metadata_dev) {
+				*error = "different pool cannot replace a pool";
+				return ERR_PTR(-EINVAL);
+			}
+			__pool_inc(pool);
+
+		} else {
+			pool = pool_create(pool_md, metadata_dev, block_size, read_only, error);
+			*created = 1;
+		}
+	}
+
+	return pool;
+}
+
+/*----------------------------------------------------------------
+ * Pool target methods
+ *--------------------------------------------------------------*/
+static void pool_dtr(struct dm_target *ti)
+{
+	struct pool_c *pt = ti->private;
+
+	mutex_lock(&dm_thin_pool_table.mutex);
+
+	unbind_control_target(pt->pool, ti);
+	__pool_dec(pt->pool);
+	dm_put_device(ti, pt->metadata_dev);
+	dm_put_device(ti, pt->data_dev);
+	kfree(pt);
+
+	mutex_unlock(&dm_thin_pool_table.mutex);
+}
+
+static int parse_pool_features(struct dm_arg_set *as, struct pool_features *pf,
+			       struct dm_target *ti)
+{
+	int r;
+	unsigned argc;
+	const char *arg_name;
+
+	static struct dm_arg _args[] = {
+		{0, 4, "Invalid number of pool feature arguments"},
+	};
+
+	/*
+	 * No feature arguments supplied.
+	 */
+	if (!as->argc)
+		return 0;
+
+	r = dm_read_arg_group(_args, as, &argc, &ti->error);
+	if (r)
+		return -EINVAL;
+
+	while (argc && !r) {
+		arg_name = dm_shift_arg(as);
+		argc--;
+
+		if (!strcasecmp(arg_name, "skip_block_zeroing"))
+			pf->zero_new_blocks = false;
+
+		else if (!strcasecmp(arg_name, "ignore_discard"))
+			pf->discard_enabled = false;
+
+		else if (!strcasecmp(arg_name, "no_discard_passdown"))
+			pf->discard_passdown = false;
+
+		else if (!strcasecmp(arg_name, "read_only"))
+			pf->mode = PM_READ_ONLY;
+
+		else if (!strcasecmp(arg_name, "error_if_no_space"))
+			pf->error_if_no_space = true;
+
+		else {
+			ti->error = "Unrecognised pool feature requested";
+			r = -EINVAL;
+			break;
+		}
+	}
+
+	return r;
+}
+
+static void metadata_low_callback(void *context)
+{
+	struct pool *pool = context;
+
+	DMWARN("%s: reached low water mark for metadata device: sending event.",
+	       dm_device_name(pool->pool_md));
+
+	dm_table_event(pool->ti->table);
+}
+
+static sector_t get_dev_size(struct block_device *bdev)
+{
+	return i_size_read(bdev->bd_inode) >> SECTOR_SHIFT;
+}
+
+static void warn_if_metadata_device_too_big(struct block_device *bdev)
+{
+	sector_t metadata_dev_size = get_dev_size(bdev);
+	char buffer[BDEVNAME_SIZE];
+
+	if (metadata_dev_size > THIN_METADATA_MAX_SECTORS_WARNING)
+		DMWARN("Metadata device %s is larger than %u sectors: excess space will not be used.",
+		       bdevname(bdev, buffer), THIN_METADATA_MAX_SECTORS);
+}
+
+static sector_t get_metadata_dev_size(struct block_device *bdev)
+{
+	sector_t metadata_dev_size = get_dev_size(bdev);
+
+	if (metadata_dev_size > THIN_METADATA_MAX_SECTORS)
+		metadata_dev_size = THIN_METADATA_MAX_SECTORS;
+
+	return metadata_dev_size;
+}
+
+static dm_block_t get_metadata_dev_size_in_blocks(struct block_device *bdev)
+{
+	sector_t metadata_dev_size = get_metadata_dev_size(bdev);
+
+	sector_div(metadata_dev_size, THIN_METADATA_BLOCK_SIZE);
+
+	return metadata_dev_size;
+}
+
+/*
+ * When a metadata threshold is crossed a dm event is triggered, and
+ * userland should respond by growing the metadata device.  We could let
+ * userland set the threshold, like we do with the data threshold, but I'm
+ * not sure they know enough to do this well.
+ */
+static dm_block_t calc_metadata_threshold(struct pool_c *pt)
+{
+	/*
+	 * 4M is ample for all ops with the possible exception of thin
+	 * device deletion which is harmless if it fails (just retry the
+	 * delete after you've grown the device).
+	 */
+	dm_block_t quarter = get_metadata_dev_size_in_blocks(pt->metadata_dev->bdev) / 4;
+	return min((dm_block_t)1024ULL /* 4M */, quarter);
+}
+
+/*
+ * thin-pool <metadata dev> <data dev>
+ *	     <data block size (sectors)>
+ *	     <low water mark (blocks)>
+ *	     [<#feature args> [<arg>]*]
+ *
+ * Optional feature arguments are:
+ *	     skip_block_zeroing: skips the zeroing of newly-provisioned blocks.
+ *	     ignore_discard: disable discard
+ *	     no_discard_passdown: don't pass discards down to the data device
+ *	     read_only: Don't allow any changes to be made to the pool metadata.
+ *	     error_if_no_space: error IOs, instead of queueing, if no space.
+ */
+static int pool_ctr(struct dm_target *ti, unsigned argc, char **argv)
+{
+	int r, pool_created = 0;
+	struct pool_c *pt;
+	struct pool *pool;
+	struct pool_features pf;
+	struct dm_arg_set as;
+	struct dm_dev *data_dev;
+	unsigned long block_size;
+	dm_block_t low_water_blocks;
+	struct dm_dev *metadata_dev;
+	fmode_t metadata_mode;
+
+	/*
+	 * FIXME Remove validation from scope of lock.
+	 */
+	mutex_lock(&dm_thin_pool_table.mutex);
+
+	if (argc < 4) {
+		ti->error = "Invalid argument count";
+		r = -EINVAL;
+		goto out_unlock;
+	}
+
+	as.argc = argc;
+	as.argv = argv;
+
+	/*
+	 * Set default pool features.
+	 */
+	pool_features_init(&pf);
+
+	dm_consume_args(&as, 4);
+	r = parse_pool_features(&as, &pf, ti);
+	if (r)
+		goto out_unlock;
+
+	metadata_mode = FMODE_READ | ((pf.mode == PM_READ_ONLY) ? 0 : FMODE_WRITE);
+	r = dm_get_device(ti, argv[0], metadata_mode, &metadata_dev);
+	if (r) {
+		ti->error = "Error opening metadata block device";
+		goto out_unlock;
+	}
+	warn_if_metadata_device_too_big(metadata_dev->bdev);
+
+	r = dm_get_device(ti, argv[1], FMODE_READ | FMODE_WRITE, &data_dev);
+	if (r) {
+		ti->error = "Error getting data device";
+		goto out_metadata;
+	}
+
+	if (kstrtoul(argv[2], 10, &block_size) || !block_size ||
+	    block_size < DATA_DEV_BLOCK_SIZE_MIN_SECTORS ||
+	    block_size > DATA_DEV_BLOCK_SIZE_MAX_SECTORS ||
+	    block_size & (DATA_DEV_BLOCK_SIZE_MIN_SECTORS - 1)) {
+		ti->error = "Invalid block size";
+		r = -EINVAL;
+		goto out;
+	}
+
+	if (kstrtoull(argv[3], 10, (unsigned long long *)&low_water_blocks)) {
+		ti->error = "Invalid low water mark";
+		r = -EINVAL;
+		goto out;
+	}
+
+	pt = kzalloc(sizeof(*pt), GFP_KERNEL);
+	if (!pt) {
+		r = -ENOMEM;
+		goto out;
+	}
+
+	pool = __pool_find(dm_table_get_md(ti->table), metadata_dev->bdev,
+			   block_size, pf.mode == PM_READ_ONLY, &ti->error, &pool_created);
+	if (IS_ERR(pool)) {
+		r = PTR_ERR(pool);
+		goto out_free_pt;
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * 'pool_created' reflects whether this is the first table load.
+	 * Top level discard support is not allowed to be changed after
+	 * initial load.  This would require a pool reload to trigger thin
+	 * device changes.
+	 */
+	if (!pool_created && pf.discard_enabled != pool->pf.discard_enabled) {
+		ti->error = "Discard support cannot be disabled once enabled";
+		r = -EINVAL;
+		goto out_flags_changed;
+	}
+
+	pt->pool = pool;
+	pt->ti = ti;
+	pt->metadata_dev = metadata_dev;
+	pt->data_dev = data_dev;
+	pt->low_water_blocks = low_water_blocks;
+	pt->adjusted_pf = pt->requested_pf = pf;
+	ti->num_flush_bios = 1;
+
+	/*
+	 * Only need to enable discards if the pool should pass
+	 * them down to the data device.  The thin device's discard
+	 * processing will cause mappings to be removed from the btree.
+	 */
+	ti->discard_zeroes_data_unsupported = true;
+	if (pf.discard_enabled && pf.discard_passdown) {
+		ti->num_discard_bios = 1;
+
+		/*
+		 * Setting 'discards_supported' circumvents the normal
+		 * stacking of discard limits (this keeps the pool and
+		 * thin devices' discard limits consistent).
+		 */
+		ti->discards_supported = true;
+	}
+	ti->private = pt;
+
+	r = dm_pool_register_metadata_threshold(pt->pool->pmd,
+						calc_metadata_threshold(pt),
+						metadata_low_callback,
+						pool);
+	if (r)
+		goto out_free_pt;
+
+	pt->callbacks.congested_fn = pool_is_congested;
+	dm_table_add_target_callbacks(ti->table, &pt->callbacks);
+
+	mutex_unlock(&dm_thin_pool_table.mutex);
+
+	return 0;
+
+out_flags_changed:
+	__pool_dec(pool);
+out_free_pt:
+	kfree(pt);
+out:
+	dm_put_device(ti, data_dev);
+out_metadata:
+	dm_put_device(ti, metadata_dev);
+out_unlock:
+	mutex_unlock(&dm_thin_pool_table.mutex);
+
+	return r;
+}
+
+static int pool_map(struct dm_target *ti, struct bio *bio)
+{
+	int r;
+	struct pool_c *pt = ti->private;
+	struct pool *pool = pt->pool;
+	unsigned long flags;
+
+	/*
+	 * As this is a singleton target, ti->begin is always zero.
+	 */
+	spin_lock_irqsave(&pool->lock, flags);
+	bio->bi_bdev = pt->data_dev->bdev;
+	r = DM_MAPIO_REMAPPED;
+	spin_unlock_irqrestore(&pool->lock, flags);
+
+	return r;
+}
+
+static int maybe_resize_data_dev(struct dm_target *ti, bool *need_commit)
+{
+	int r;
+	struct pool_c *pt = ti->private;
+	struct pool *pool = pt->pool;
+	sector_t data_size = ti->len;
+	dm_block_t sb_data_size;
+
+	*need_commit = false;
+
+	(void) sector_div(data_size, pool->sectors_per_block);
+
+	r = dm_pool_get_data_dev_size(pool->pmd, &sb_data_size);
+	if (r) {
+		DMERR("%s: failed to retrieve data device size",
+		      dm_device_name(pool->pool_md));
+		return r;
+	}
+
+	if (data_size < sb_data_size) {
+		DMERR("%s: pool target (%llu blocks) too small: expected %llu",
+		      dm_device_name(pool->pool_md),
+		      (unsigned long long)data_size, sb_data_size);
+		return -EINVAL;
+
+	} else if (data_size > sb_data_size) {
+		if (dm_pool_metadata_needs_check(pool->pmd)) {
+			DMERR("%s: unable to grow the data device until repaired.",
+			      dm_device_name(pool->pool_md));
+			return 0;
+		}
+
+		if (sb_data_size)
+			DMINFO("%s: growing the data device from %llu to %llu blocks",
+			       dm_device_name(pool->pool_md),
+			       sb_data_size, (unsigned long long)data_size);
+		r = dm_pool_resize_data_dev(pool->pmd, data_size);
+		if (r) {
+			metadata_operation_failed(pool, "dm_pool_resize_data_dev", r);
+			return r;
+		}
+
+		*need_commit = true;
+	}
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int maybe_resize_metadata_dev(struct dm_target *ti, bool *need_commit)
+{
+	int r;
+	struct pool_c *pt = ti->private;
+	struct pool *pool = pt->pool;
+	dm_block_t metadata_dev_size, sb_metadata_dev_size;
+
+	*need_commit = false;
+
+	metadata_dev_size = get_metadata_dev_size_in_blocks(pool->md_dev);
+
+	r = dm_pool_get_metadata_dev_size(pool->pmd, &sb_metadata_dev_size);
+	if (r) {
+		DMERR("%s: failed to retrieve metadata device size",
+		      dm_device_name(pool->pool_md));
+		return r;
+	}
+
+	if (metadata_dev_size < sb_metadata_dev_size) {
+		DMERR("%s: metadata device (%llu blocks) too small: expected %llu",
+		      dm_device_name(pool->pool_md),
+		      metadata_dev_size, sb_metadata_dev_size);
+		return -EINVAL;
+
+	} else if (metadata_dev_size > sb_metadata_dev_size) {
+		if (dm_pool_metadata_needs_check(pool->pmd)) {
+			DMERR("%s: unable to grow the metadata device until repaired.",
+			      dm_device_name(pool->pool_md));
+			return 0;
+		}
+
+		warn_if_metadata_device_too_big(pool->md_dev);
+		DMINFO("%s: growing the metadata device from %llu to %llu blocks",
+		       dm_device_name(pool->pool_md),
+		       sb_metadata_dev_size, metadata_dev_size);
+		r = dm_pool_resize_metadata_dev(pool->pmd, metadata_dev_size);
+		if (r) {
+			metadata_operation_failed(pool, "dm_pool_resize_metadata_dev", r);
+			return r;
+		}
+
+		*need_commit = true;
+	}
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Retrieves the number of blocks of the data device from
+ * the superblock and compares it to the actual device size,
+ * thus resizing the data device in case it has grown.
+ *
+ * This both copes with opening preallocated data devices in the ctr
+ * being followed by a resume
+ * -and-
+ * calling the resume method individually after userspace has
+ * grown the data device in reaction to a table event.
+ */
+static int pool_preresume(struct dm_target *ti)
+{
+	int r;
+	bool need_commit1, need_commit2;
+	struct pool_c *pt = ti->private;
+	struct pool *pool = pt->pool;
+
+	/*
+	 * Take control of the pool object.
+	 */
+	r = bind_control_target(pool, ti);
+	if (r)
+		return r;
+
+	r = maybe_resize_data_dev(ti, &need_commit1);
+	if (r)
+		return r;
+
+	r = maybe_resize_metadata_dev(ti, &need_commit2);
+	if (r)
+		return r;
+
+	if (need_commit1 || need_commit2)
+		(void) commit(pool);
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static void pool_suspend_active_thins(struct pool *pool)
+{
+	struct thin_c *tc;
+
+	/* Suspend all active thin devices */
+	tc = get_first_thin(pool);
+	while (tc) {
+		dm_internal_suspend_noflush(tc->thin_md);
+		tc = get_next_thin(pool, tc);
+	}
+}
+
+static void pool_resume_active_thins(struct pool *pool)
+{
+	struct thin_c *tc;
+
+	/* Resume all active thin devices */
+	tc = get_first_thin(pool);
+	while (tc) {
+		dm_internal_resume(tc->thin_md);
+		tc = get_next_thin(pool, tc);
+	}
+}
+
+static void pool_resume(struct dm_target *ti)
+{
+	struct pool_c *pt = ti->private;
+	struct pool *pool = pt->pool;
+	unsigned long flags;
+
+	/*
+	 * Must requeue active_thins' bios and then resume
+	 * active_thins _before_ clearing 'suspend' flag.
+	 */
+	requeue_bios(pool);
+	pool_resume_active_thins(pool);
+
+	spin_lock_irqsave(&pool->lock, flags);
+	pool->low_water_triggered = false;
+	pool->suspended = false;
+	spin_unlock_irqrestore(&pool->lock, flags);
+
+	do_waker(&pool->waker.work);
+}
+
+static void pool_presuspend(struct dm_target *ti)
+{
+	struct pool_c *pt = ti->private;
+	struct pool *pool = pt->pool;
+	unsigned long flags;
+
+	spin_lock_irqsave(&pool->lock, flags);
+	pool->suspended = true;
+	spin_unlock_irqrestore(&pool->lock, flags);
+
+	pool_suspend_active_thins(pool);
+}
+
+static void pool_presuspend_undo(struct dm_target *ti)
+{
+	struct pool_c *pt = ti->private;
+	struct pool *pool = pt->pool;
+	unsigned long flags;
+
+	pool_resume_active_thins(pool);
+
+	spin_lock_irqsave(&pool->lock, flags);
+	pool->suspended = false;
+	spin_unlock_irqrestore(&pool->lock, flags);
+}
+
+static void pool_postsuspend(struct dm_target *ti)
+{
+	struct pool_c *pt = ti->private;
+	struct pool *pool = pt->pool;
+
+	cancel_delayed_work(&pool->waker);
+	cancel_delayed_work(&pool->no_space_timeout);
+	flush_workqueue(pool->wq);
+	(void) commit(pool);
+}
+
+static int check_arg_count(unsigned argc, unsigned args_required)
+{
+	if (argc != args_required) {
+		DMWARN("Message received with %u arguments instead of %u.",
+		       argc, args_required);
+		return -EINVAL;
+	}
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int read_dev_id(char *arg, dm_thin_id *dev_id, int warning)
+{
+	if (!kstrtoull(arg, 10, (unsigned long long *)dev_id) &&
+	    *dev_id <= MAX_DEV_ID)
+		return 0;
+
+	if (warning)
+		DMWARN("Message received with invalid device id: %s", arg);
+
+	return -EINVAL;
+}
+
+static int process_create_thin_mesg(unsigned argc, char **argv, struct pool *pool)
+{
+	dm_thin_id dev_id;
+	int r;
+
+	r = check_arg_count(argc, 2);
+	if (r)
+		return r;
+
+	r = read_dev_id(argv[1], &dev_id, 1);
+	if (r)
+		return r;
+
+	r = dm_pool_create_thin(pool->pmd, dev_id);
+	if (r) {
+		DMWARN("Creation of new thinly-provisioned device with id %s failed.",
+		       argv[1]);
+		return r;
+	}
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int process_create_snap_mesg(unsigned argc, char **argv, struct pool *pool)
+{
+	dm_thin_id dev_id;
+	dm_thin_id origin_dev_id;
+	int r;
+
+	r = check_arg_count(argc, 3);
+	if (r)
+		return r;
+
+	r = read_dev_id(argv[1], &dev_id, 1);
+	if (r)
+		return r;
+
+	r = read_dev_id(argv[2], &origin_dev_id, 1);
+	if (r)
+		return r;
+
+	r = dm_pool_create_snap(pool->pmd, dev_id, origin_dev_id);
+	if (r) {
+		DMWARN("Creation of new snapshot %s of device %s failed.",
+		       argv[1], argv[2]);
+		return r;
+	}
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int process_delete_mesg(unsigned argc, char **argv, struct pool *pool)
+{
+	dm_thin_id dev_id;
+	int r;
+
+	r = check_arg_count(argc, 2);
+	if (r)
+		return r;
+
+	r = read_dev_id(argv[1], &dev_id, 1);
+	if (r)
+		return r;
+
+	r = dm_pool_delete_thin_device(pool->pmd, dev_id);
+	if (r)
+		DMWARN("Deletion of thin device %s failed.", argv[1]);
+
+	return r;
+}
+
+static int process_set_transaction_id_mesg(unsigned argc, char **argv, struct pool *pool)
+{
+	dm_thin_id old_id, new_id;
+	int r;
+
+	r = check_arg_count(argc, 3);
+	if (r)
+		return r;
+
+	if (kstrtoull(argv[1], 10, (unsigned long long *)&old_id)) {
+		DMWARN("set_transaction_id message: Unrecognised id %s.", argv[1]);
+		return -EINVAL;
+	}
+
+	if (kstrtoull(argv[2], 10, (unsigned long long *)&new_id)) {
+		DMWARN("set_transaction_id message: Unrecognised new id %s.", argv[2]);
+		return -EINVAL;
+	}
+
+	r = dm_pool_set_metadata_transaction_id(pool->pmd, old_id, new_id);
+	if (r) {
+		DMWARN("Failed to change transaction id from %s to %s.",
+		       argv[1], argv[2]);
+		return r;
+	}
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int process_reserve_metadata_snap_mesg(unsigned argc, char **argv, struct pool *pool)
+{
+	int r;
+
+	r = check_arg_count(argc, 1);
+	if (r)
+		return r;
+
+	(void) commit(pool);
+
+	r = dm_pool_reserve_metadata_snap(pool->pmd);
+	if (r)
+		DMWARN("reserve_metadata_snap message failed.");
+
+	return r;
+}
+
+static int process_release_metadata_snap_mesg(unsigned argc, char **argv, struct pool *pool)
+{
+	int r;
+
+	r = check_arg_count(argc, 1);
+	if (r)
+		return r;
+
+	r = dm_pool_release_metadata_snap(pool->pmd);
+	if (r)
+		DMWARN("release_metadata_snap message failed.");
+
+	return r;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Messages supported:
+ *   create_thin	<dev_id>
+ *   create_snap	<dev_id> <origin_id>
+ *   delete		<dev_id>
+ *   set_transaction_id <current_trans_id> <new_trans_id>
+ *   reserve_metadata_snap
+ *   release_metadata_snap
+ */
+static int pool_message(struct dm_target *ti, unsigned argc, char **argv)
+{
+	int r = -EINVAL;
+	struct pool_c *pt = ti->private;
+	struct pool *pool = pt->pool;
+
+	if (get_pool_mode(pool) >= PM_READ_ONLY) {
+		DMERR("%s: unable to service pool target messages in READ_ONLY or FAIL mode",
+		      dm_device_name(pool->pool_md));
+		return -EINVAL;
+	}
+
+	if (!strcasecmp(argv[0], "create_thin"))
+		r = process_create_thin_mesg(argc, argv, pool);
+
+	else if (!strcasecmp(argv[0], "create_snap"))
+		r = process_create_snap_mesg(argc, argv, pool);
+
+	else if (!strcasecmp(argv[0], "delete"))
+		r = process_delete_mesg(argc, argv, pool);
+
+	else if (!strcasecmp(argv[0], "set_transaction_id"))
+		r = process_set_transaction_id_mesg(argc, argv, pool);
+
+	else if (!strcasecmp(argv[0], "reserve_metadata_snap"))
+		r = process_reserve_metadata_snap_mesg(argc, argv, pool);
+
+	else if (!strcasecmp(argv[0], "release_metadata_snap"))
+		r = process_release_metadata_snap_mesg(argc, argv, pool);
+
+	else
+		DMWARN("Unrecognised thin pool target message received: %s", argv[0]);
+
+	if (!r)
+		(void) commit(pool);
+
+	return r;
+}
+
+static void emit_flags(struct pool_features *pf, char *result,
+		       unsigned sz, unsigned maxlen)
+{
+	unsigned count = !pf->zero_new_blocks + !pf->discard_enabled +
+		!pf->discard_passdown + (pf->mode == PM_READ_ONLY) +
+		pf->error_if_no_space;
+	DMEMIT("%u ", count);
+
+	if (!pf->zero_new_blocks)
+		DMEMIT("skip_block_zeroing ");
+
+	if (!pf->discard_enabled)
+		DMEMIT("ignore_discard ");
+
+	if (!pf->discard_passdown)
+		DMEMIT("no_discard_passdown ");
+
+	if (pf->mode == PM_READ_ONLY)
+		DMEMIT("read_only ");
+
+	if (pf->error_if_no_space)
+		DMEMIT("error_if_no_space ");
+}
+
+/*
+ * Status line is:
+ *    <transaction id> <used metadata sectors>/<total metadata sectors>
+ *    <used data sectors>/<total data sectors> <held metadata root>
+ */
+static void pool_status(struct dm_target *ti, status_type_t type,
+			unsigned status_flags, char *result, unsigned maxlen)
+{
+	int r;
+	unsigned sz = 0;
+	uint64_t transaction_id;
+	dm_block_t nr_free_blocks_data;
+	dm_block_t nr_free_blocks_metadata;
+	dm_block_t nr_blocks_data;
+	dm_block_t nr_blocks_metadata;
+	dm_block_t held_root;
+	char buf[BDEVNAME_SIZE];
+	char buf2[BDEVNAME_SIZE];
+	struct pool_c *pt = ti->private;
+	struct pool *pool = pt->pool;
+
+	switch (type) {
+	case STATUSTYPE_INFO:
+		if (get_pool_mode(pool) == PM_FAIL) {
+			DMEMIT("Fail");
+			break;
+		}
+
+		/* Commit to ensure statistics aren't out-of-date */
+		if (!(status_flags & DM_STATUS_NOFLUSH_FLAG) && !dm_suspended(ti))
+			(void) commit(pool);
+
+		r = dm_pool_get_metadata_transaction_id(pool->pmd, &transaction_id);
+		if (r) {
+			DMERR("%s: dm_pool_get_metadata_transaction_id returned %d",
+			      dm_device_name(pool->pool_md), r);
+			goto err;
+		}
+
+		r = dm_pool_get_free_metadata_block_count(pool->pmd, &nr_free_blocks_metadata);
+		if (r) {
+			DMERR("%s: dm_pool_get_free_metadata_block_count returned %d",
+			      dm_device_name(pool->pool_md), r);
+			goto err;
+		}
+
+		r = dm_pool_get_metadata_dev_size(pool->pmd, &nr_blocks_metadata);
+		if (r) {
+			DMERR("%s: dm_pool_get_metadata_dev_size returned %d",
+			      dm_device_name(pool->pool_md), r);
+			goto err;
+		}
+
+		r = dm_pool_get_free_block_count(pool->pmd, &nr_free_blocks_data);
+		if (r) {
+			DMERR("%s: dm_pool_get_free_block_count returned %d",
+			      dm_device_name(pool->pool_md), r);
+			goto err;
+		}
+
+		r = dm_pool_get_data_dev_size(pool->pmd, &nr_blocks_data);
+		if (r) {
+			DMERR("%s: dm_pool_get_data_dev_size returned %d",
+			      dm_device_name(pool->pool_md), r);
+			goto err;
+		}
+
+		r = dm_pool_get_metadata_snap(pool->pmd, &held_root);
+		if (r) {
+			DMERR("%s: dm_pool_get_metadata_snap returned %d",
+			      dm_device_name(pool->pool_md), r);
+			goto err;
+		}
+
+		DMEMIT("%llu %llu/%llu %llu/%llu ",
+		       (unsigned long long)transaction_id,
+		       (unsigned long long)(nr_blocks_metadata - nr_free_blocks_metadata),
+		       (unsigned long long)nr_blocks_metadata,
+		       (unsigned long long)(nr_blocks_data - nr_free_blocks_data),
+		       (unsigned long long)nr_blocks_data);
+
+		if (held_root)
+			DMEMIT("%llu ", held_root);
+		else
+			DMEMIT("- ");
+
+		if (pool->pf.mode == PM_OUT_OF_DATA_SPACE)
+			DMEMIT("out_of_data_space ");
+		else if (pool->pf.mode == PM_READ_ONLY)
+			DMEMIT("ro ");
+		else
+			DMEMIT("rw ");
+
+		if (!pool->pf.discard_enabled)
+			DMEMIT("ignore_discard ");
+		else if (pool->pf.discard_passdown)
+			DMEMIT("discard_passdown ");
+		else
+			DMEMIT("no_discard_passdown ");
+
+		if (pool->pf.error_if_no_space)
+			DMEMIT("error_if_no_space ");
+		else
+			DMEMIT("queue_if_no_space ");
+
+		break;
+
+	case STATUSTYPE_TABLE:
+		DMEMIT("%s %s %lu %llu ",
+		       format_dev_t(buf, pt->metadata_dev->bdev->bd_dev),
+		       format_dev_t(buf2, pt->data_dev->bdev->bd_dev),
+		       (unsigned long)pool->sectors_per_block,
+		       (unsigned long long)pt->low_water_blocks);
+		emit_flags(&pt->requested_pf, result, sz, maxlen);
+		break;
+	}
+	return;
+
+err:
+	DMEMIT("Error");
+}
+
+static int pool_iterate_devices(struct dm_target *ti,
+				iterate_devices_callout_fn fn, void *data)
+{
+	struct pool_c *pt = ti->private;
+
+	return fn(ti, pt->data_dev, 0, ti->len, data);
+}
+
+static int pool_merge(struct dm_target *ti, struct bvec_merge_data *bvm,
+		      struct bio_vec *biovec, int max_size)
+{
+	struct pool_c *pt = ti->private;
+	struct request_queue *q = bdev_get_queue(pt->data_dev->bdev);
+
+	if (!q->merge_bvec_fn)
+		return max_size;
+
+	bvm->bi_bdev = pt->data_dev->bdev;
+
+	return min(max_size, q->merge_bvec_fn(q, bvm, biovec));
+}
+
+static void set_discard_limits(struct pool_c *pt, struct queue_limits *limits)
+{
+	struct pool *pool = pt->pool;
+	struct queue_limits *data_limits;
+
+	limits->max_discard_sectors = pool->sectors_per_block;
+
+	/*
+	 * discard_granularity is just a hint, and not enforced.
+	 */
+	if (pt->adjusted_pf.discard_passdown) {
+		data_limits = &bdev_get_queue(pt->data_dev->bdev)->limits;
+		limits->discard_granularity = max(data_limits->discard_granularity,
+						  pool->sectors_per_block << SECTOR_SHIFT);
+	} else
+		limits->discard_granularity = pool->sectors_per_block << SECTOR_SHIFT;
+}
+
+static void pool_io_hints(struct dm_target *ti, struct queue_limits *limits)
+{
+	struct pool_c *pt = ti->private;
+	struct pool *pool = pt->pool;
+	sector_t io_opt_sectors = limits->io_opt >> SECTOR_SHIFT;
+
+	/*
+	 * If max_sectors is smaller than pool->sectors_per_block adjust it
+	 * to the highest possible power-of-2 factor of pool->sectors_per_block.
+	 * This is especially beneficial when the pool's data device is a RAID
+	 * device that has a full stripe width that matches pool->sectors_per_block
+	 * -- because even though partial RAID stripe-sized IOs will be issued to a
+	 *    single RAID stripe; when aggregated they will end on a full RAID stripe
+	 *    boundary.. which avoids additional partial RAID stripe writes cascading
+	 */
+	if (limits->max_sectors < pool->sectors_per_block) {
+		while (!is_factor(pool->sectors_per_block, limits->max_sectors)) {
+			if ((limits->max_sectors & (limits->max_sectors - 1)) == 0)
+				limits->max_sectors--;
+			limits->max_sectors = rounddown_pow_of_two(limits->max_sectors);
+		}
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * If the system-determined stacked limits are compatible with the
+	 * pool's blocksize (io_opt is a factor) do not override them.
+	 */
+	if (io_opt_sectors < pool->sectors_per_block ||
+	    !is_factor(io_opt_sectors, pool->sectors_per_block)) {
+		if (is_factor(pool->sectors_per_block, limits->max_sectors))
+			blk_limits_io_min(limits, limits->max_sectors << SECTOR_SHIFT);
+		else
+			blk_limits_io_min(limits, pool->sectors_per_block << SECTOR_SHIFT);
+		blk_limits_io_opt(limits, pool->sectors_per_block << SECTOR_SHIFT);
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * pt->adjusted_pf is a staging area for the actual features to use.
+	 * They get transferred to the live pool in bind_control_target()
+	 * called from pool_preresume().
+	 */
+	if (!pt->adjusted_pf.discard_enabled) {
+		/*
+		 * Must explicitly disallow stacking discard limits otherwise the
+		 * block layer will stack them if pool's data device has support.
+		 * QUEUE_FLAG_DISCARD wouldn't be set but there is no way for the
+		 * user to see that, so make sure to set all discard limits to 0.
+		 */
+		limits->discard_granularity = 0;
+		return;
+	}
+
+	disable_passdown_if_not_supported(pt);
+
+	set_discard_limits(pt, limits);
+}
+
+static struct target_type pool_target = {
+	.name = "thin-pool",
+	.features = DM_TARGET_SINGLETON | DM_TARGET_ALWAYS_WRITEABLE |
+		    DM_TARGET_IMMUTABLE,
+	.version = {1, 14, 0},
+	.module = THIS_MODULE,
+	.ctr = pool_ctr,
+	.dtr = pool_dtr,
+	.map = pool_map,
+	.presuspend = pool_presuspend,
+	.presuspend_undo = pool_presuspend_undo,
+	.postsuspend = pool_postsuspend,
+	.preresume = pool_preresume,
+	.resume = pool_resume,
+	.message = pool_message,
+	.status = pool_status,
+	.merge = pool_merge,
+	.iterate_devices = pool_iterate_devices,
+	.io_hints = pool_io_hints,
+};
+
+/*----------------------------------------------------------------
+ * Thin target methods
+ *--------------------------------------------------------------*/
+static void thin_get(struct thin_c *tc)
+{
+	atomic_inc(&tc->refcount);
+}
+
+static void thin_put(struct thin_c *tc)
+{
+	if (atomic_dec_and_test(&tc->refcount))
+		complete(&tc->can_destroy);
+}
+
+static void thin_dtr(struct dm_target *ti)
+{
+	struct thin_c *tc = ti->private;
+	unsigned long flags;
+
+	spin_lock_irqsave(&tc->pool->lock, flags);
+	list_del_rcu(&tc->list);
+	spin_unlock_irqrestore(&tc->pool->lock, flags);
+	synchronize_rcu();
+
+	thin_put(tc);
+	wait_for_completion(&tc->can_destroy);
+
+	mutex_lock(&dm_thin_pool_table.mutex);
+
+	__pool_dec(tc->pool);
+	dm_pool_close_thin_device(tc->td);
+	dm_put_device(ti, tc->pool_dev);
+	if (tc->origin_dev)
+		dm_put_device(ti, tc->origin_dev);
+	kfree(tc);
+
+	mutex_unlock(&dm_thin_pool_table.mutex);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Thin target parameters:
+ *
+ * <pool_dev> <dev_id> [origin_dev]
+ *
+ * pool_dev: the path to the pool (eg, /dev/mapper/my_pool)
+ * dev_id: the internal device identifier
+ * origin_dev: a device external to the pool that should act as the origin
+ *
+ * If the pool device has discards disabled, they get disabled for the thin
+ * device as well.
+ */
+static int thin_ctr(struct dm_target *ti, unsigned argc, char **argv)
+{
+	int r;
+	struct thin_c *tc;
+	struct dm_dev *pool_dev, *origin_dev;
+	struct mapped_device *pool_md;
+	unsigned long flags;
+
+	mutex_lock(&dm_thin_pool_table.mutex);
+
+	if (argc != 2 && argc != 3) {
+		ti->error = "Invalid argument count";
+		r = -EINVAL;
+		goto out_unlock;
+	}
+
+	tc = ti->private = kzalloc(sizeof(*tc), GFP_KERNEL);
+	if (!tc) {
+		ti->error = "Out of memory";
+		r = -ENOMEM;
+		goto out_unlock;
+	}
+	tc->thin_md = dm_table_get_md(ti->table);
+	spin_lock_init(&tc->lock);
+	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&tc->deferred_cells);
+	bio_list_init(&tc->deferred_bio_list);
+	bio_list_init(&tc->retry_on_resume_list);
+	tc->sort_bio_list = RB_ROOT;
+
+	if (argc == 3) {
+		r = dm_get_device(ti, argv[2], FMODE_READ, &origin_dev);
+		if (r) {
+			ti->error = "Error opening origin device";
+			goto bad_origin_dev;
+		}
+		tc->origin_dev = origin_dev;
+	}
+
+	r = dm_get_device(ti, argv[0], dm_table_get_mode(ti->table), &pool_dev);
+	if (r) {
+		ti->error = "Error opening pool device";
+		goto bad_pool_dev;
+	}
+	tc->pool_dev = pool_dev;
+
+	if (read_dev_id(argv[1], (unsigned long long *)&tc->dev_id, 0)) {
+		ti->error = "Invalid device id";
+		r = -EINVAL;
+		goto bad_common;
+	}
+
+	pool_md = dm_get_md(tc->pool_dev->bdev->bd_dev);
+	if (!pool_md) {
+		ti->error = "Couldn't get pool mapped device";
+		r = -EINVAL;
+		goto bad_common;
+	}
+
+	tc->pool = __pool_table_lookup(pool_md);
+	if (!tc->pool) {
+		ti->error = "Couldn't find pool object";
+		r = -EINVAL;
+		goto bad_pool_lookup;
+	}
+	__pool_inc(tc->pool);
+
+	if (get_pool_mode(tc->pool) == PM_FAIL) {
+		ti->error = "Couldn't open thin device, Pool is in fail mode";
+		r = -EINVAL;
+		goto bad_pool;
+	}
+
+	r = dm_pool_open_thin_device(tc->pool->pmd, tc->dev_id, &tc->td);
+	if (r) {
+		ti->error = "Couldn't open thin internal device";
+		goto bad_pool;
+	}
+
+	r = dm_set_target_max_io_len(ti, tc->pool->sectors_per_block);
+	if (r)
+		goto bad;
+
+	ti->num_flush_bios = 1;
+	ti->flush_supported = true;
+	ti->per_bio_data_size = sizeof(struct dm_thin_endio_hook);
+
+	/* In case the pool supports discards, pass them on. */
+	ti->discard_zeroes_data_unsupported = true;
+	if (tc->pool->pf.discard_enabled) {
+		ti->discards_supported = true;
+		ti->num_discard_bios = 1;
+		/* Discard bios must be split on a block boundary */
+		ti->split_discard_bios = true;
+	}
+
+	mutex_unlock(&dm_thin_pool_table.mutex);
+
+	spin_lock_irqsave(&tc->pool->lock, flags);
+	if (tc->pool->suspended) {
+		spin_unlock_irqrestore(&tc->pool->lock, flags);
+		mutex_lock(&dm_thin_pool_table.mutex); /* reacquire for __pool_dec */
+		ti->error = "Unable to activate thin device while pool is suspended";
+		r = -EINVAL;
+		goto bad;
+	}
+	atomic_set(&tc->refcount, 1);
+	init_completion(&tc->can_destroy);
+	list_add_tail_rcu(&tc->list, &tc->pool->active_thins);
+	spin_unlock_irqrestore(&tc->pool->lock, flags);
+	/*
+	 * This synchronize_rcu() call is needed here otherwise we risk a
+	 * wake_worker() call finding no bios to process (because the newly
+	 * added tc isn't yet visible).  So this reduces latency since we
+	 * aren't then dependent on the periodic commit to wake_worker().
+	 */
+	synchronize_rcu();
+
+	dm_put(pool_md);
+
+	return 0;
+
+bad:
+	dm_pool_close_thin_device(tc->td);
+bad_pool:
+	__pool_dec(tc->pool);
+bad_pool_lookup:
+	dm_put(pool_md);
+bad_common:
+	dm_put_device(ti, tc->pool_dev);
+bad_pool_dev:
+	if (tc->origin_dev)
+		dm_put_device(ti, tc->origin_dev);
+bad_origin_dev:
+	kfree(tc);
+out_unlock:
+	mutex_unlock(&dm_thin_pool_table.mutex);
+
+	return r;
+}
+
+static int thin_map(struct dm_target *ti, struct bio *bio)
+{
+	bio->bi_iter.bi_sector = dm_target_offset(ti, bio->bi_iter.bi_sector);
+
+	return thin_bio_map(ti, bio);
+}
+
+static int thin_endio(struct dm_target *ti, struct bio *bio, int err)
+{
+	unsigned long flags;
+	struct dm_thin_endio_hook *h = dm_per_bio_data(bio, sizeof(struct dm_thin_endio_hook));
+	struct list_head work;
+	struct dm_thin_new_mapping *m, *tmp;
+	struct pool *pool = h->tc->pool;
+
+	if (h->shared_read_entry) {
+		INIT_LIST_HEAD(&work);
+		dm_deferred_entry_dec(h->shared_read_entry, &work);
+
+		spin_lock_irqsave(&pool->lock, flags);
+		list_for_each_entry_safe(m, tmp, &work, list) {
+			list_del(&m->list);
+			__complete_mapping_preparation(m);
+		}
+		spin_unlock_irqrestore(&pool->lock, flags);
+	}
+
+	if (h->all_io_entry) {
+		INIT_LIST_HEAD(&work);
+		dm_deferred_entry_dec(h->all_io_entry, &work);
+		if (!list_empty(&work)) {
+			spin_lock_irqsave(&pool->lock, flags);
+			list_for_each_entry_safe(m, tmp, &work, list)
+				list_add_tail(&m->list, &pool->prepared_discards);
+			spin_unlock_irqrestore(&pool->lock, flags);
+			wake_worker(pool);
+		}
+	}
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static void thin_presuspend(struct dm_target *ti)
+{
+	struct thin_c *tc = ti->private;
+
+	if (dm_noflush_suspending(ti))
+		noflush_work(tc, do_noflush_start);
+}
+
+static void thin_postsuspend(struct dm_target *ti)
+{
+	struct thin_c *tc = ti->private;
+
+	/*
+	 * The dm_noflush_suspending flag has been cleared by now, so
+	 * unfortunately we must always run this.
+	 */
+	noflush_work(tc, do_noflush_stop);
+}
+
+static int thin_preresume(struct dm_target *ti)
+{
+	struct thin_c *tc = ti->private;
+
+	if (tc->origin_dev)
+		tc->origin_size = get_dev_size(tc->origin_dev->bdev);
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/*
+ * <nr mapped sectors> <highest mapped sector>
+ */
+static void thin_status(struct dm_target *ti, status_type_t type,
+			unsigned status_flags, char *result, unsigned maxlen)
+{
+	int r;
+	ssize_t sz = 0;
+	dm_block_t mapped, highest;
+	char buf[BDEVNAME_SIZE];
+	struct thin_c *tc = ti->private;
+
+	if (get_pool_mode(tc->pool) == PM_FAIL) {
+		DMEMIT("Fail");
+		return;
+	}
+
+	if (!tc->td)
+		DMEMIT("-");
+	else {
+		switch (type) {
+		case STATUSTYPE_INFO:
+			r = dm_thin_get_mapped_count(tc->td, &mapped);
+			if (r) {
+				DMERR("dm_thin_get_mapped_count returned %d", r);
+				goto err;
+			}
+
+			r = dm_thin_get_highest_mapped_block(tc->td, &highest);
+			if (r < 0) {
+				DMERR("dm_thin_get_highest_mapped_block returned %d", r);
+				goto err;
+			}
+
+			DMEMIT("%llu ", mapped * tc->pool->sectors_per_block);
+			if (r)
+				DMEMIT("%llu", ((highest + 1) *
+						tc->pool->sectors_per_block) - 1);
+			else
+				DMEMIT("-");
+			break;
+
+		case STATUSTYPE_TABLE:
+			DMEMIT("%s %lu",
+			       format_dev_t(buf, tc->pool_dev->bdev->bd_dev),
+			       (unsigned long) tc->dev_id);
+			if (tc->origin_dev)
+				DMEMIT(" %s", format_dev_t(buf, tc->origin_dev->bdev->bd_dev));
+			break;
+		}
+	}
+
+	return;
+
+err:
+	DMEMIT("Error");
+}
+
+static int thin_merge(struct dm_target *ti, struct bvec_merge_data *bvm,
+		      struct bio_vec *biovec, int max_size)
+{
+	struct thin_c *tc = ti->private;
+	struct request_queue *q = bdev_get_queue(tc->pool_dev->bdev);
+
+	if (!q->merge_bvec_fn)
+		return max_size;
+
+	bvm->bi_bdev = tc->pool_dev->bdev;
+	bvm->bi_sector = dm_target_offset(ti, bvm->bi_sector);
+
+	return min(max_size, q->merge_bvec_fn(q, bvm, biovec));
+}
+
+static int thin_iterate_devices(struct dm_target *ti,
+				iterate_devices_callout_fn fn, void *data)
+{
+	sector_t blocks;
+	struct thin_c *tc = ti->private;
+	struct pool *pool = tc->pool;
+
+	/*
+	 * We can't call dm_pool_get_data_dev_size() since that blocks.  So
+	 * we follow a more convoluted path through to the pool's target.
+	 */
+	if (!pool->ti)
+		return 0;	/* nothing is bound */
+
+	blocks = pool->ti->len;
+	(void) sector_div(blocks, pool->sectors_per_block);
+	if (blocks)
+		return fn(ti, tc->pool_dev, 0, pool->sectors_per_block * blocks, data);
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static struct target_type thin_target = {
+	.name = "thin",
+	.version = {1, 14, 0},
+	.module	= THIS_MODULE,
+	.ctr = thin_ctr,
+	.dtr = thin_dtr,
+	.map = thin_map,
+	.end_io = thin_endio,
+	.preresume = thin_preresume,
+	.presuspend = thin_presuspend,
+	.postsuspend = thin_postsuspend,
+	.status = thin_status,
+	.merge = thin_merge,
+	.iterate_devices = thin_iterate_devices,
+};
+
+/*----------------------------------------------------------------*/
+
+static int __init dm_thin_init(void)
+{
+	int r;
+
+	pool_table_init();
+
+	r = dm_register_target(&thin_target);
+	if (r)
+		return r;
+
+	r = dm_register_target(&pool_target);
+	if (r)
+		goto bad_pool_target;
+
+	r = -ENOMEM;
+
+	_new_mapping_cache = KMEM_CACHE(dm_thin_new_mapping, 0);
+	if (!_new_mapping_cache)
+		goto bad_new_mapping_cache;
+
+	return 0;
+
+bad_new_mapping_cache:
+	dm_unregister_target(&pool_target);
+bad_pool_target:
+	dm_unregister_target(&thin_target);
+
+	return r;
+}
+
+static void dm_thin_exit(void)
+{
+	dm_unregister_target(&thin_target);
+	dm_unregister_target(&pool_target);
+
+	kmem_cache_destroy(_new_mapping_cache);
+}
+
+module_init(dm_thin_init);
+module_exit(dm_thin_exit);
+
+module_param_named(no_space_timeout, no_space_timeout_secs, uint, S_IRUGO | S_IWUSR);
+MODULE_PARM_DESC(no_space_timeout, "Out of data space queue IO timeout in seconds");
+
+MODULE_DESCRIPTION(DM_NAME " thin provisioning target");
+MODULE_AUTHOR("Joe Thornber <dm-devel@redhat.com>");
+MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");