Initial import

8 files changed, 3643 insertions, 0 deletions

diff --git a/fs/overlayfs/Kconfig b/fs/overlayfs/Kconfig
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..34355818a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/fs/overlayfs/Kconfig
@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+config OVERLAY_FS
+	tristate "Overlay filesystem support"
+	help
+	  An overlay filesystem combines two filesystems - an 'upper' filesystem
+	  and a 'lower' filesystem.  When a name exists in both filesystems, the
+	  object in the 'upper' filesystem is visible while the object in the
+	  'lower' filesystem is either hidden or, in the case of directories,
+	  merged with the 'upper' object.
+
+	  For more information see Documentation/filesystems/overlayfs.txt
diff --git a/fs/overlayfs/Makefile b/fs/overlayfs/Makefile
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..900daed3e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/fs/overlayfs/Makefile
@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+#
+# Makefile for the overlay filesystem.
+#
+
+obj-$(CONFIG_OVERLAY_FS) += overlay.o
+
+overlay-objs := super.o inode.o dir.o readdir.o copy_up.o
diff --git a/fs/overlayfs/copy_up.c b/fs/overlayfs/copy_up.c
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..84d693d37
--- /dev/null
+++ b/fs/overlayfs/copy_up.c
@@ -0,0 +1,416 @@
+/*
+ *
+ * Copyright (C) 2011 Novell Inc.
+ *
+ * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 as published by
+ * the Free Software Foundation.
+ */
+
+#include <linux/fs.h>
+#include <linux/slab.h>
+#include <linux/file.h>
+#include <linux/splice.h>
+#include <linux/xattr.h>
+#include <linux/security.h>
+#include <linux/uaccess.h>
+#include <linux/sched.h>
+#include <linux/namei.h>
+#include "overlayfs.h"
+
+#define OVL_COPY_UP_CHUNK_SIZE (1 << 20)
+
+int ovl_copy_xattr(struct dentry *old, struct dentry *new)
+{
+	ssize_t list_size, size;
+	char *buf, *name, *value;
+	int error;
+
+	if (!old->d_inode->i_op->getxattr ||
+	    !new->d_inode->i_op->getxattr)
+		return 0;
+
+	list_size = vfs_listxattr(old, NULL, 0);
+	if (list_size <= 0) {
+		if (list_size == -EOPNOTSUPP)
+			return 0;
+		return list_size;
+	}
+
+	buf = kzalloc(list_size, GFP_KERNEL);
+	if (!buf)
+		return -ENOMEM;
+
+	error = -ENOMEM;
+	value = kmalloc(XATTR_SIZE_MAX, GFP_KERNEL);
+	if (!value)
+		goto out;
+
+	list_size = vfs_listxattr(old, buf, list_size);
+	if (list_size <= 0) {
+		error = list_size;
+		goto out_free_value;
+	}
+
+	for (name = buf; name < (buf + list_size); name += strlen(name) + 1) {
+		size = vfs_getxattr(old, name, value, XATTR_SIZE_MAX);
+		if (size <= 0) {
+			error = size;
+			goto out_free_value;
+		}
+		error = vfs_setxattr(new, name, value, size, 0);
+		if (error)
+			goto out_free_value;
+	}
+
+out_free_value:
+	kfree(value);
+out:
+	kfree(buf);
+	return error;
+}
+
+static int ovl_copy_up_data(struct path *old, struct path *new, loff_t len)
+{
+	struct file *old_file;
+	struct file *new_file;
+	loff_t old_pos = 0;
+	loff_t new_pos = 0;
+	int error = 0;
+
+	if (len == 0)
+		return 0;
+
+	old_file = ovl_path_open(old, O_RDONLY);
+	if (IS_ERR(old_file))
+		return PTR_ERR(old_file);
+
+	new_file = ovl_path_open(new, O_WRONLY);
+	if (IS_ERR(new_file)) {
+		error = PTR_ERR(new_file);
+		goto out_fput;
+	}
+
+	/* FIXME: copy up sparse files efficiently */
+	while (len) {
+		size_t this_len = OVL_COPY_UP_CHUNK_SIZE;
+		long bytes;
+
+		if (len < this_len)
+			this_len = len;
+
+		if (signal_pending_state(TASK_KILLABLE, current)) {
+			error = -EINTR;
+			break;
+		}
+
+		bytes = do_splice_direct(old_file, &old_pos,
+					 new_file, &new_pos,
+					 this_len, SPLICE_F_MOVE);
+		if (bytes <= 0) {
+			error = bytes;
+			break;
+		}
+		WARN_ON(old_pos != new_pos);
+
+		len -= bytes;
+	}
+
+	fput(new_file);
+out_fput:
+	fput(old_file);
+	return error;
+}
+
+static char *ovl_read_symlink(struct dentry *realdentry)
+{
+	int res;
+	char *buf;
+	struct inode *inode = realdentry->d_inode;
+	mm_segment_t old_fs;
+
+	res = -EINVAL;
+	if (!inode->i_op->readlink)
+		goto err;
+
+	res = -ENOMEM;
+	buf = (char *) __get_free_page(GFP_KERNEL);
+	if (!buf)
+		goto err;
+
+	old_fs = get_fs();
+	set_fs(get_ds());
+	/* The cast to a user pointer is valid due to the set_fs() */
+	res = inode->i_op->readlink(realdentry,
+				    (char __user *)buf, PAGE_SIZE - 1);
+	set_fs(old_fs);
+	if (res < 0) {
+		free_page((unsigned long) buf);
+		goto err;
+	}
+	buf[res] = '\0';
+
+	return buf;
+
+err:
+	return ERR_PTR(res);
+}
+
+static int ovl_set_timestamps(struct dentry *upperdentry, struct kstat *stat)
+{
+	struct iattr attr = {
+		.ia_valid =
+		     ATTR_ATIME | ATTR_MTIME | ATTR_ATIME_SET | ATTR_MTIME_SET,
+		.ia_atime = stat->atime,
+		.ia_mtime = stat->mtime,
+	};
+
+	return notify_change(upperdentry, &attr, NULL);
+}
+
+int ovl_set_attr(struct dentry *upperdentry, struct kstat *stat)
+{
+	int err = 0;
+
+	if (!S_ISLNK(stat->mode)) {
+		struct iattr attr = {
+			.ia_valid = ATTR_MODE,
+			.ia_mode = stat->mode,
+		};
+		err = notify_change(upperdentry, &attr, NULL);
+	}
+	if (!err) {
+		struct iattr attr = {
+			.ia_valid = ATTR_UID | ATTR_GID,
+			.ia_uid = stat->uid,
+			.ia_gid = stat->gid,
+		};
+		err = notify_change(upperdentry, &attr, NULL);
+	}
+	if (!err)
+		ovl_set_timestamps(upperdentry, stat);
+
+	return err;
+}
+
+static int ovl_copy_up_locked(struct dentry *workdir, struct dentry *upperdir,
+			      struct dentry *dentry, struct path *lowerpath,
+			      struct kstat *stat, struct iattr *attr,
+			      const char *link)
+{
+	struct inode *wdir = workdir->d_inode;
+	struct inode *udir = upperdir->d_inode;
+	struct dentry *newdentry = NULL;
+	struct dentry *upper = NULL;
+	umode_t mode = stat->mode;
+	int err;
+
+	newdentry = ovl_lookup_temp(workdir, dentry);
+	err = PTR_ERR(newdentry);
+	if (IS_ERR(newdentry))
+		goto out;
+
+	upper = lookup_one_len(dentry->d_name.name, upperdir,
+			       dentry->d_name.len);
+	err = PTR_ERR(upper);
+	if (IS_ERR(upper))
+		goto out1;
+
+	/* Can't properly set mode on creation because of the umask */
+	stat->mode &= S_IFMT;
+	err = ovl_create_real(wdir, newdentry, stat, link, NULL, true);
+	stat->mode = mode;
+	if (err)
+		goto out2;
+
+	if (S_ISREG(stat->mode)) {
+		struct path upperpath;
+		ovl_path_upper(dentry, &upperpath);
+		BUG_ON(upperpath.dentry != NULL);
+		upperpath.dentry = newdentry;
+
+		err = ovl_copy_up_data(lowerpath, &upperpath, stat->size);
+		if (err)
+			goto out_cleanup;
+	}
+
+	err = ovl_copy_xattr(lowerpath->dentry, newdentry);
+	if (err)
+		goto out_cleanup;
+
+	mutex_lock(&newdentry->d_inode->i_mutex);
+	err = ovl_set_attr(newdentry, stat);
+	if (!err && attr)
+		err = notify_change(newdentry, attr, NULL);
+	mutex_unlock(&newdentry->d_inode->i_mutex);
+	if (err)
+		goto out_cleanup;
+
+	err = ovl_do_rename(wdir, newdentry, udir, upper, 0);
+	if (err)
+		goto out_cleanup;
+
+	ovl_dentry_update(dentry, newdentry);
+	newdentry = NULL;
+
+	/*
+	 * Non-directores become opaque when copied up.
+	 */
+	if (!S_ISDIR(stat->mode))
+		ovl_dentry_set_opaque(dentry, true);
+out2:
+	dput(upper);
+out1:
+	dput(newdentry);
+out:
+	return err;
+
+out_cleanup:
+	ovl_cleanup(wdir, newdentry);
+	goto out;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Copy up a single dentry
+ *
+ * Directory renames only allowed on "pure upper" (already created on
+ * upper filesystem, never copied up).  Directories which are on lower or
+ * are merged may not be renamed.  For these -EXDEV is returned and
+ * userspace has to deal with it.  This means, when copying up a
+ * directory we can rely on it and ancestors being stable.
+ *
+ * Non-directory renames start with copy up of source if necessary.  The
+ * actual rename will only proceed once the copy up was successful.  Copy
+ * up uses upper parent i_mutex for exclusion.  Since rename can change
+ * d_parent it is possible that the copy up will lock the old parent.  At
+ * that point the file will have already been copied up anyway.
+ */
+int ovl_copy_up_one(struct dentry *parent, struct dentry *dentry,
+		    struct path *lowerpath, struct kstat *stat,
+		    struct iattr *attr)
+{
+	struct dentry *workdir = ovl_workdir(dentry);
+	int err;
+	struct kstat pstat;
+	struct path parentpath;
+	struct dentry *upperdir;
+	struct dentry *upperdentry;
+	const struct cred *old_cred;
+	struct cred *override_cred;
+	char *link = NULL;
+
+	if (WARN_ON(!workdir))
+		return -EROFS;
+
+	ovl_path_upper(parent, &parentpath);
+	upperdir = parentpath.dentry;
+
+	err = vfs_getattr(&parentpath, &pstat);
+	if (err)
+		return err;
+
+	if (S_ISLNK(stat->mode)) {
+		link = ovl_read_symlink(lowerpath->dentry);
+		if (IS_ERR(link))
+			return PTR_ERR(link);
+	}
+
+	err = -ENOMEM;
+	override_cred = prepare_creds();
+	if (!override_cred)
+		goto out_free_link;
+
+	override_cred->fsuid = stat->uid;
+	override_cred->fsgid = stat->gid;
+	/*
+	 * CAP_SYS_ADMIN for copying up extended attributes
+	 * CAP_DAC_OVERRIDE for create
+	 * CAP_FOWNER for chmod, timestamp update
+	 * CAP_FSETID for chmod
+	 * CAP_CHOWN for chown
+	 * CAP_MKNOD for mknod
+	 */
+	cap_raise(override_cred->cap_effective, CAP_SYS_ADMIN);
+	cap_raise(override_cred->cap_effective, CAP_DAC_OVERRIDE);
+	cap_raise(override_cred->cap_effective, CAP_FOWNER);
+	cap_raise(override_cred->cap_effective, CAP_FSETID);
+	cap_raise(override_cred->cap_effective, CAP_CHOWN);
+	cap_raise(override_cred->cap_effective, CAP_MKNOD);
+	old_cred = override_creds(override_cred);
+
+	err = -EIO;
+	if (lock_rename(workdir, upperdir) != NULL) {
+		pr_err("overlayfs: failed to lock workdir+upperdir\n");
+		goto out_unlock;
+	}
+	upperdentry = ovl_dentry_upper(dentry);
+	if (upperdentry) {
+		unlock_rename(workdir, upperdir);
+		err = 0;
+		/* Raced with another copy-up?  Do the setattr here */
+		if (attr) {
+			mutex_lock(&upperdentry->d_inode->i_mutex);
+			err = notify_change(upperdentry, attr, NULL);
+			mutex_unlock(&upperdentry->d_inode->i_mutex);
+		}
+		goto out_put_cred;
+	}
+
+	err = ovl_copy_up_locked(workdir, upperdir, dentry, lowerpath,
+				 stat, attr, link);
+	if (!err) {
+		/* Restore timestamps on parent (best effort) */
+		ovl_set_timestamps(upperdir, &pstat);
+	}
+out_unlock:
+	unlock_rename(workdir, upperdir);
+out_put_cred:
+	revert_creds(old_cred);
+	put_cred(override_cred);
+
+out_free_link:
+	if (link)
+		free_page((unsigned long) link);
+
+	return err;
+}
+
+int ovl_copy_up(struct dentry *dentry)
+{
+	int err;
+
+	err = 0;
+	while (!err) {
+		struct dentry *next;
+		struct dentry *parent;
+		struct path lowerpath;
+		struct kstat stat;
+		enum ovl_path_type type = ovl_path_type(dentry);
+
+		if (OVL_TYPE_UPPER(type))
+			break;
+
+		next = dget(dentry);
+		/* find the topmost dentry not yet copied up */
+		for (;;) {
+			parent = dget_parent(next);
+
+			type = ovl_path_type(parent);
+			if (OVL_TYPE_UPPER(type))
+				break;
+
+			dput(next);
+			next = parent;
+		}
+
+		ovl_path_lower(next, &lowerpath);
+		err = vfs_getattr(&lowerpath, &stat);
+		if (!err)
+			err = ovl_copy_up_one(parent, next, &lowerpath, &stat, NULL);
+
+		dput(parent);
+		dput(next);
+	}
+
+	return err;
+}
diff --git a/fs/overlayfs/dir.c b/fs/overlayfs/dir.c
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..692ceda3b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/fs/overlayfs/dir.c
@@ -0,0 +1,951 @@
+/*
+ *
+ * Copyright (C) 2011 Novell Inc.
+ *
+ * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 as published by
+ * the Free Software Foundation.
+ */
+
+#include <linux/fs.h>
+#include <linux/namei.h>
+#include <linux/xattr.h>
+#include <linux/security.h>
+#include <linux/cred.h>
+#include "overlayfs.h"
+
+void ovl_cleanup(struct inode *wdir, struct dentry *wdentry)
+{
+	int err;
+
+	dget(wdentry);
+	if (d_is_dir(wdentry))
+		err = ovl_do_rmdir(wdir, wdentry);
+	else
+		err = ovl_do_unlink(wdir, wdentry);
+	dput(wdentry);
+
+	if (err) {
+		pr_err("overlayfs: cleanup of '%pd2' failed (%i)\n",
+		       wdentry, err);
+	}
+}
+
+struct dentry *ovl_lookup_temp(struct dentry *workdir, struct dentry *dentry)
+{
+	struct dentry *temp;
+	char name[20];
+
+	snprintf(name, sizeof(name), "#%lx", (unsigned long) dentry);
+
+	temp = lookup_one_len(name, workdir, strlen(name));
+	if (!IS_ERR(temp) && temp->d_inode) {
+		pr_err("overlayfs: workdir/%s already exists\n", name);
+		dput(temp);
+		temp = ERR_PTR(-EIO);
+	}
+
+	return temp;
+}
+
+/* caller holds i_mutex on workdir */
+static struct dentry *ovl_whiteout(struct dentry *workdir,
+				   struct dentry *dentry)
+{
+	int err;
+	struct dentry *whiteout;
+	struct inode *wdir = workdir->d_inode;
+
+	whiteout = ovl_lookup_temp(workdir, dentry);
+	if (IS_ERR(whiteout))
+		return whiteout;
+
+	err = ovl_do_whiteout(wdir, whiteout);
+	if (err) {
+		dput(whiteout);
+		whiteout = ERR_PTR(err);
+	}
+
+	return whiteout;
+}
+
+int ovl_create_real(struct inode *dir, struct dentry *newdentry,
+		    struct kstat *stat, const char *link,
+		    struct dentry *hardlink, bool debug)
+{
+	int err;
+
+	if (newdentry->d_inode)
+		return -ESTALE;
+
+	if (hardlink) {
+		err = ovl_do_link(hardlink, dir, newdentry, debug);
+	} else {
+		switch (stat->mode & S_IFMT) {
+		case S_IFREG:
+			err = ovl_do_create(dir, newdentry, stat->mode, debug);
+			break;
+
+		case S_IFDIR:
+			err = ovl_do_mkdir(dir, newdentry, stat->mode, debug);
+			break;
+
+		case S_IFCHR:
+		case S_IFBLK:
+		case S_IFIFO:
+		case S_IFSOCK:
+			err = ovl_do_mknod(dir, newdentry,
+					   stat->mode, stat->rdev, debug);
+			break;
+
+		case S_IFLNK:
+			err = ovl_do_symlink(dir, newdentry, link, debug);
+			break;
+
+		default:
+			err = -EPERM;
+		}
+	}
+	if (!err && WARN_ON(!newdentry->d_inode)) {
+		/*
+		 * Not quite sure if non-instantiated dentry is legal or not.
+		 * VFS doesn't seem to care so check and warn here.
+		 */
+		err = -ENOENT;
+	}
+	return err;
+}
+
+static int ovl_set_opaque(struct dentry *upperdentry)
+{
+	return ovl_do_setxattr(upperdentry, OVL_XATTR_OPAQUE, "y", 1, 0);
+}
+
+static void ovl_remove_opaque(struct dentry *upperdentry)
+{
+	int err;
+
+	err = ovl_do_removexattr(upperdentry, OVL_XATTR_OPAQUE);
+	if (err) {
+		pr_warn("overlayfs: failed to remove opaque from '%s' (%i)\n",
+			upperdentry->d_name.name, err);
+	}
+}
+
+static int ovl_dir_getattr(struct vfsmount *mnt, struct dentry *dentry,
+			 struct kstat *stat)
+{
+	int err;
+	enum ovl_path_type type;
+	struct path realpath;
+
+	type = ovl_path_real(dentry, &realpath);
+	err = vfs_getattr(&realpath, stat);
+	if (err)
+		return err;
+
+	stat->dev = dentry->d_sb->s_dev;
+	stat->ino = dentry->d_inode->i_ino;
+
+	/*
+	 * It's probably not worth it to count subdirs to get the
+	 * correct link count.  nlink=1 seems to pacify 'find' and
+	 * other utilities.
+	 */
+	if (OVL_TYPE_MERGE(type))
+		stat->nlink = 1;
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int ovl_create_upper(struct dentry *dentry, struct inode *inode,
+			    struct kstat *stat, const char *link,
+			    struct dentry *hardlink)
+{
+	struct dentry *upperdir = ovl_dentry_upper(dentry->d_parent);
+	struct inode *udir = upperdir->d_inode;
+	struct dentry *newdentry;
+	int err;
+
+	mutex_lock_nested(&udir->i_mutex, I_MUTEX_PARENT);
+	newdentry = lookup_one_len(dentry->d_name.name, upperdir,
+				   dentry->d_name.len);
+	err = PTR_ERR(newdentry);
+	if (IS_ERR(newdentry))
+		goto out_unlock;
+	err = ovl_create_real(udir, newdentry, stat, link, hardlink, false);
+	if (err)
+		goto out_dput;
+
+	ovl_dentry_version_inc(dentry->d_parent);
+	ovl_dentry_update(dentry, newdentry);
+	ovl_copyattr(newdentry->d_inode, inode);
+	d_instantiate(dentry, inode);
+	newdentry = NULL;
+out_dput:
+	dput(newdentry);
+out_unlock:
+	mutex_unlock(&udir->i_mutex);
+	return err;
+}
+
+static int ovl_lock_rename_workdir(struct dentry *workdir,
+				   struct dentry *upperdir)
+{
+	/* Workdir should not be the same as upperdir */
+	if (workdir == upperdir)
+		goto err;
+
+	/* Workdir should not be subdir of upperdir and vice versa */
+	if (lock_rename(workdir, upperdir) != NULL)
+		goto err_unlock;
+
+	return 0;
+
+err_unlock:
+	unlock_rename(workdir, upperdir);
+err:
+	pr_err("overlayfs: failed to lock workdir+upperdir\n");
+	return -EIO;
+}
+
+static struct dentry *ovl_clear_empty(struct dentry *dentry,
+				      struct list_head *list)
+{
+	struct dentry *workdir = ovl_workdir(dentry);
+	struct inode *wdir = workdir->d_inode;
+	struct dentry *upperdir = ovl_dentry_upper(dentry->d_parent);
+	struct inode *udir = upperdir->d_inode;
+	struct path upperpath;
+	struct dentry *upper;
+	struct dentry *opaquedir;
+	struct kstat stat;
+	int err;
+
+	if (WARN_ON(!workdir))
+		return ERR_PTR(-EROFS);
+
+	err = ovl_lock_rename_workdir(workdir, upperdir);
+	if (err)
+		goto out;
+
+	ovl_path_upper(dentry, &upperpath);
+	err = vfs_getattr(&upperpath, &stat);
+	if (err)
+		goto out_unlock;
+
+	err = -ESTALE;
+	if (!S_ISDIR(stat.mode))
+		goto out_unlock;
+	upper = upperpath.dentry;
+	if (upper->d_parent->d_inode != udir)
+		goto out_unlock;
+
+	opaquedir = ovl_lookup_temp(workdir, dentry);
+	err = PTR_ERR(opaquedir);
+	if (IS_ERR(opaquedir))
+		goto out_unlock;
+
+	err = ovl_create_real(wdir, opaquedir, &stat, NULL, NULL, true);
+	if (err)
+		goto out_dput;
+
+	err = ovl_copy_xattr(upper, opaquedir);
+	if (err)
+		goto out_cleanup;
+
+	err = ovl_set_opaque(opaquedir);
+	if (err)
+		goto out_cleanup;
+
+	mutex_lock(&opaquedir->d_inode->i_mutex);
+	err = ovl_set_attr(opaquedir, &stat);
+	mutex_unlock(&opaquedir->d_inode->i_mutex);
+	if (err)
+		goto out_cleanup;
+
+	err = ovl_do_rename(wdir, opaquedir, udir, upper, RENAME_EXCHANGE);
+	if (err)
+		goto out_cleanup;
+
+	ovl_cleanup_whiteouts(upper, list);
+	ovl_cleanup(wdir, upper);
+	unlock_rename(workdir, upperdir);
+
+	/* dentry's upper doesn't match now, get rid of it */
+	d_drop(dentry);
+
+	return opaquedir;
+
+out_cleanup:
+	ovl_cleanup(wdir, opaquedir);
+out_dput:
+	dput(opaquedir);
+out_unlock:
+	unlock_rename(workdir, upperdir);
+out:
+	return ERR_PTR(err);
+}
+
+static struct dentry *ovl_check_empty_and_clear(struct dentry *dentry)
+{
+	int err;
+	struct dentry *ret = NULL;
+	LIST_HEAD(list);
+
+	err = ovl_check_empty_dir(dentry, &list);
+	if (err)
+		ret = ERR_PTR(err);
+	else {
+		/*
+		 * If no upperdentry then skip clearing whiteouts.
+		 *
+		 * Can race with copy-up, since we don't hold the upperdir
+		 * mutex.  Doesn't matter, since copy-up can't create a
+		 * non-empty directory from an empty one.
+		 */
+		if (ovl_dentry_upper(dentry))
+			ret = ovl_clear_empty(dentry, &list);
+	}
+
+	ovl_cache_free(&list);
+
+	return ret;
+}
+
+static int ovl_create_over_whiteout(struct dentry *dentry, struct inode *inode,
+				    struct kstat *stat, const char *link,
+				    struct dentry *hardlink)
+{
+	struct dentry *workdir = ovl_workdir(dentry);
+	struct inode *wdir = workdir->d_inode;
+	struct dentry *upperdir = ovl_dentry_upper(dentry->d_parent);
+	struct inode *udir = upperdir->d_inode;
+	struct dentry *upper;
+	struct dentry *newdentry;
+	int err;
+
+	if (WARN_ON(!workdir))
+		return -EROFS;
+
+	err = ovl_lock_rename_workdir(workdir, upperdir);
+	if (err)
+		goto out;
+
+	newdentry = ovl_lookup_temp(workdir, dentry);
+	err = PTR_ERR(newdentry);
+	if (IS_ERR(newdentry))
+		goto out_unlock;
+
+	upper = lookup_one_len(dentry->d_name.name, upperdir,
+			       dentry->d_name.len);
+	err = PTR_ERR(upper);
+	if (IS_ERR(upper))
+		goto out_dput;
+
+	err = ovl_create_real(wdir, newdentry, stat, link, hardlink, true);
+	if (err)
+		goto out_dput2;
+
+	if (S_ISDIR(stat->mode)) {
+		err = ovl_set_opaque(newdentry);
+		if (err)
+			goto out_cleanup;
+
+		err = ovl_do_rename(wdir, newdentry, udir, upper,
+				    RENAME_EXCHANGE);
+		if (err)
+			goto out_cleanup;
+
+		ovl_cleanup(wdir, upper);
+	} else {
+		err = ovl_do_rename(wdir, newdentry, udir, upper, 0);
+		if (err)
+			goto out_cleanup;
+	}
+	ovl_dentry_version_inc(dentry->d_parent);
+	ovl_dentry_update(dentry, newdentry);
+	ovl_copyattr(newdentry->d_inode, inode);
+	d_instantiate(dentry, inode);
+	newdentry = NULL;
+out_dput2:
+	dput(upper);
+out_dput:
+	dput(newdentry);
+out_unlock:
+	unlock_rename(workdir, upperdir);
+out:
+	return err;
+
+out_cleanup:
+	ovl_cleanup(wdir, newdentry);
+	goto out_dput2;
+}
+
+static int ovl_create_or_link(struct dentry *dentry, int mode, dev_t rdev,
+			      const char *link, struct dentry *hardlink)
+{
+	int err;
+	struct inode *inode;
+	struct kstat stat = {
+		.mode = mode,
+		.rdev = rdev,
+	};
+
+	err = -ENOMEM;
+	inode = ovl_new_inode(dentry->d_sb, mode, dentry->d_fsdata);
+	if (!inode)
+		goto out;
+
+	err = ovl_copy_up(dentry->d_parent);
+	if (err)
+		goto out_iput;
+
+	if (!ovl_dentry_is_opaque(dentry)) {
+		err = ovl_create_upper(dentry, inode, &stat, link, hardlink);
+	} else {
+		const struct cred *old_cred;
+		struct cred *override_cred;
+
+		err = -ENOMEM;
+		override_cred = prepare_creds();
+		if (!override_cred)
+			goto out_iput;
+
+		/*
+		 * CAP_SYS_ADMIN for setting opaque xattr
+		 * CAP_DAC_OVERRIDE for create in workdir, rename
+		 * CAP_FOWNER for removing whiteout from sticky dir
+		 */
+		cap_raise(override_cred->cap_effective, CAP_SYS_ADMIN);
+		cap_raise(override_cred->cap_effective, CAP_DAC_OVERRIDE);
+		cap_raise(override_cred->cap_effective, CAP_FOWNER);
+		old_cred = override_creds(override_cred);
+
+		err = ovl_create_over_whiteout(dentry, inode, &stat, link,
+					       hardlink);
+
+		revert_creds(old_cred);
+		put_cred(override_cred);
+	}
+
+	if (!err)
+		inode = NULL;
+out_iput:
+	iput(inode);
+out:
+	return err;
+}
+
+static int ovl_create_object(struct dentry *dentry, int mode, dev_t rdev,
+			     const char *link)
+{
+	int err;
+
+	err = ovl_want_write(dentry);
+	if (!err) {
+		err = ovl_create_or_link(dentry, mode, rdev, link, NULL);
+		ovl_drop_write(dentry);
+	}
+
+	return err;
+}
+
+static int ovl_create(struct inode *dir, struct dentry *dentry, umode_t mode,
+		      bool excl)
+{
+	return ovl_create_object(dentry, (mode & 07777) | S_IFREG, 0, NULL);
+}
+
+static int ovl_mkdir(struct inode *dir, struct dentry *dentry, umode_t mode)
+{
+	return ovl_create_object(dentry, (mode & 07777) | S_IFDIR, 0, NULL);
+}
+
+static int ovl_mknod(struct inode *dir, struct dentry *dentry, umode_t mode,
+		     dev_t rdev)
+{
+	/* Don't allow creation of "whiteout" on overlay */
+	if (S_ISCHR(mode) && rdev == WHITEOUT_DEV)
+		return -EPERM;
+
+	return ovl_create_object(dentry, mode, rdev, NULL);
+}
+
+static int ovl_symlink(struct inode *dir, struct dentry *dentry,
+		       const char *link)
+{
+	return ovl_create_object(dentry, S_IFLNK, 0, link);
+}
+
+static int ovl_link(struct dentry *old, struct inode *newdir,
+		    struct dentry *new)
+{
+	int err;
+	struct dentry *upper;
+
+	err = ovl_want_write(old);
+	if (err)
+		goto out;
+
+	err = ovl_copy_up(old);
+	if (err)
+		goto out_drop_write;
+
+	upper = ovl_dentry_upper(old);
+	err = ovl_create_or_link(new, upper->d_inode->i_mode, 0, NULL, upper);
+
+out_drop_write:
+	ovl_drop_write(old);
+out:
+	return err;
+}
+
+static int ovl_remove_and_whiteout(struct dentry *dentry, bool is_dir)
+{
+	struct dentry *workdir = ovl_workdir(dentry);
+	struct inode *wdir = workdir->d_inode;
+	struct dentry *upperdir = ovl_dentry_upper(dentry->d_parent);
+	struct inode *udir = upperdir->d_inode;
+	struct dentry *whiteout;
+	struct dentry *upper;
+	struct dentry *opaquedir = NULL;
+	int err;
+
+	if (WARN_ON(!workdir))
+		return -EROFS;
+
+	if (is_dir) {
+		if (OVL_TYPE_MERGE_OR_LOWER(ovl_path_type(dentry))) {
+			opaquedir = ovl_check_empty_and_clear(dentry);
+			err = PTR_ERR(opaquedir);
+			if (IS_ERR(opaquedir))
+				goto out;
+		} else {
+			LIST_HEAD(list);
+
+			/*
+			 * When removing an empty opaque directory, then it
+			 * makes no sense to replace it with an exact replica of
+			 * itself.  But emptiness still needs to be checked.
+			 */
+			err = ovl_check_empty_dir(dentry, &list);
+			ovl_cache_free(&list);
+			if (err)
+				goto out;
+		}
+	}
+
+	err = ovl_lock_rename_workdir(workdir, upperdir);
+	if (err)
+		goto out_dput;
+
+	whiteout = ovl_whiteout(workdir, dentry);
+	err = PTR_ERR(whiteout);
+	if (IS_ERR(whiteout))
+		goto out_unlock;
+
+	upper = ovl_dentry_upper(dentry);
+	if (!upper) {
+		upper = lookup_one_len(dentry->d_name.name, upperdir,
+				       dentry->d_name.len);
+		err = PTR_ERR(upper);
+		if (IS_ERR(upper))
+			goto kill_whiteout;
+
+		err = ovl_do_rename(wdir, whiteout, udir, upper, 0);
+		dput(upper);
+		if (err)
+			goto kill_whiteout;
+	} else {
+		int flags = 0;
+
+		if (opaquedir)
+			upper = opaquedir;
+		err = -ESTALE;
+		if (upper->d_parent != upperdir)
+			goto kill_whiteout;
+
+		if (is_dir)
+			flags |= RENAME_EXCHANGE;
+
+		err = ovl_do_rename(wdir, whiteout, udir, upper, flags);
+		if (err)
+			goto kill_whiteout;
+
+		if (is_dir)
+			ovl_cleanup(wdir, upper);
+	}
+	ovl_dentry_version_inc(dentry->d_parent);
+out_d_drop:
+	d_drop(dentry);
+	dput(whiteout);
+out_unlock:
+	unlock_rename(workdir, upperdir);
+out_dput:
+	dput(opaquedir);
+out:
+	return err;
+
+kill_whiteout:
+	ovl_cleanup(wdir, whiteout);
+	goto out_d_drop;
+}
+
+static int ovl_remove_upper(struct dentry *dentry, bool is_dir)
+{
+	struct dentry *upperdir = ovl_dentry_upper(dentry->d_parent);
+	struct inode *dir = upperdir->d_inode;
+	struct dentry *upper = ovl_dentry_upper(dentry);
+	int err;
+
+	mutex_lock_nested(&dir->i_mutex, I_MUTEX_PARENT);
+	err = -ESTALE;
+	if (upper->d_parent == upperdir) {
+		/* Don't let d_delete() think it can reset d_inode */
+		dget(upper);
+		if (is_dir)
+			err = vfs_rmdir(dir, upper);
+		else
+			err = vfs_unlink(dir, upper, NULL);
+		dput(upper);
+		ovl_dentry_version_inc(dentry->d_parent);
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * Keeping this dentry hashed would mean having to release
+	 * upperpath/lowerpath, which could only be done if we are the
+	 * sole user of this dentry.  Too tricky...  Just unhash for
+	 * now.
+	 */
+	d_drop(dentry);
+	mutex_unlock(&dir->i_mutex);
+
+	return err;
+}
+
+static inline int ovl_check_sticky(struct dentry *dentry)
+{
+	struct inode *dir = ovl_dentry_real(dentry->d_parent)->d_inode;
+	struct inode *inode = ovl_dentry_real(dentry)->d_inode;
+
+	if (check_sticky(dir, inode))
+		return -EPERM;
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int ovl_do_remove(struct dentry *dentry, bool is_dir)
+{
+	enum ovl_path_type type;
+	int err;
+
+	err = ovl_check_sticky(dentry);
+	if (err)
+		goto out;
+
+	err = ovl_want_write(dentry);
+	if (err)
+		goto out;
+
+	err = ovl_copy_up(dentry->d_parent);
+	if (err)
+		goto out_drop_write;
+
+	type = ovl_path_type(dentry);
+	if (OVL_TYPE_PURE_UPPER(type)) {
+		err = ovl_remove_upper(dentry, is_dir);
+	} else {
+		const struct cred *old_cred;
+		struct cred *override_cred;
+
+		err = -ENOMEM;
+		override_cred = prepare_creds();
+		if (!override_cred)
+			goto out_drop_write;
+
+		/*
+		 * CAP_SYS_ADMIN for setting xattr on whiteout, opaque dir
+		 * CAP_DAC_OVERRIDE for create in workdir, rename
+		 * CAP_FOWNER for removing whiteout from sticky dir
+		 * CAP_FSETID for chmod of opaque dir
+		 * CAP_CHOWN for chown of opaque dir
+		 */
+		cap_raise(override_cred->cap_effective, CAP_SYS_ADMIN);
+		cap_raise(override_cred->cap_effective, CAP_DAC_OVERRIDE);
+		cap_raise(override_cred->cap_effective, CAP_FOWNER);
+		cap_raise(override_cred->cap_effective, CAP_FSETID);
+		cap_raise(override_cred->cap_effective, CAP_CHOWN);
+		old_cred = override_creds(override_cred);
+
+		err = ovl_remove_and_whiteout(dentry, is_dir);
+
+		revert_creds(old_cred);
+		put_cred(override_cred);
+	}
+out_drop_write:
+	ovl_drop_write(dentry);
+out:
+	return err;
+}
+
+static int ovl_unlink(struct inode *dir, struct dentry *dentry)
+{
+	return ovl_do_remove(dentry, false);
+}
+
+static int ovl_rmdir(struct inode *dir, struct dentry *dentry)
+{
+	return ovl_do_remove(dentry, true);
+}
+
+static int ovl_rename2(struct inode *olddir, struct dentry *old,
+		       struct inode *newdir, struct dentry *new,
+		       unsigned int flags)
+{
+	int err;
+	enum ovl_path_type old_type;
+	enum ovl_path_type new_type;
+	struct dentry *old_upperdir;
+	struct dentry *new_upperdir;
+	struct dentry *olddentry;
+	struct dentry *newdentry;
+	struct dentry *trap;
+	bool old_opaque;
+	bool new_opaque;
+	bool new_create = false;
+	bool cleanup_whiteout = false;
+	bool overwrite = !(flags & RENAME_EXCHANGE);
+	bool is_dir = d_is_dir(old);
+	bool new_is_dir = false;
+	struct dentry *opaquedir = NULL;
+	const struct cred *old_cred = NULL;
+	struct cred *override_cred = NULL;
+
+	err = -EINVAL;
+	if (flags & ~(RENAME_EXCHANGE | RENAME_NOREPLACE))
+		goto out;
+
+	flags &= ~RENAME_NOREPLACE;
+
+	err = ovl_check_sticky(old);
+	if (err)
+		goto out;
+
+	/* Don't copy up directory trees */
+	old_type = ovl_path_type(old);
+	err = -EXDEV;
+	if (OVL_TYPE_MERGE_OR_LOWER(old_type) && is_dir)
+		goto out;
+
+	if (new->d_inode) {
+		err = ovl_check_sticky(new);
+		if (err)
+			goto out;
+
+		if (d_is_dir(new))
+			new_is_dir = true;
+
+		new_type = ovl_path_type(new);
+		err = -EXDEV;
+		if (!overwrite && OVL_TYPE_MERGE_OR_LOWER(new_type) && new_is_dir)
+			goto out;
+
+		err = 0;
+		if (!OVL_TYPE_UPPER(new_type) && !OVL_TYPE_UPPER(old_type)) {
+			if (ovl_dentry_lower(old)->d_inode ==
+			    ovl_dentry_lower(new)->d_inode)
+				goto out;
+		}
+		if (OVL_TYPE_UPPER(new_type) && OVL_TYPE_UPPER(old_type)) {
+			if (ovl_dentry_upper(old)->d_inode ==
+			    ovl_dentry_upper(new)->d_inode)
+				goto out;
+		}
+	} else {
+		if (ovl_dentry_is_opaque(new))
+			new_type = __OVL_PATH_UPPER;
+		else
+			new_type = __OVL_PATH_UPPER | __OVL_PATH_PURE;
+	}
+
+	err = ovl_want_write(old);
+	if (err)
+		goto out;
+
+	err = ovl_copy_up(old);
+	if (err)
+		goto out_drop_write;
+
+	err = ovl_copy_up(new->d_parent);
+	if (err)
+		goto out_drop_write;
+	if (!overwrite) {
+		err = ovl_copy_up(new);
+		if (err)
+			goto out_drop_write;
+	}
+
+	old_opaque = !OVL_TYPE_PURE_UPPER(old_type);
+	new_opaque = !OVL_TYPE_PURE_UPPER(new_type);
+
+	if (old_opaque || new_opaque) {
+		err = -ENOMEM;
+		override_cred = prepare_creds();
+		if (!override_cred)
+			goto out_drop_write;
+
+		/*
+		 * CAP_SYS_ADMIN for setting xattr on whiteout, opaque dir
+		 * CAP_DAC_OVERRIDE for create in workdir
+		 * CAP_FOWNER for removing whiteout from sticky dir
+		 * CAP_FSETID for chmod of opaque dir
+		 * CAP_CHOWN for chown of opaque dir
+		 */
+		cap_raise(override_cred->cap_effective, CAP_SYS_ADMIN);
+		cap_raise(override_cred->cap_effective, CAP_DAC_OVERRIDE);
+		cap_raise(override_cred->cap_effective, CAP_FOWNER);
+		cap_raise(override_cred->cap_effective, CAP_FSETID);
+		cap_raise(override_cred->cap_effective, CAP_CHOWN);
+		old_cred = override_creds(override_cred);
+	}
+
+	if (overwrite && OVL_TYPE_MERGE_OR_LOWER(new_type) && new_is_dir) {
+		opaquedir = ovl_check_empty_and_clear(new);
+		err = PTR_ERR(opaquedir);
+		if (IS_ERR(opaquedir)) {
+			opaquedir = NULL;
+			goto out_revert_creds;
+		}
+	}
+
+	if (overwrite) {
+		if (old_opaque) {
+			if (new->d_inode || !new_opaque) {
+				/* Whiteout source */
+				flags |= RENAME_WHITEOUT;
+			} else {
+				/* Switch whiteouts */
+				flags |= RENAME_EXCHANGE;
+			}
+		} else if (is_dir && !new->d_inode && new_opaque) {
+			flags |= RENAME_EXCHANGE;
+			cleanup_whiteout = true;
+		}
+	}
+
+	old_upperdir = ovl_dentry_upper(old->d_parent);
+	new_upperdir = ovl_dentry_upper(new->d_parent);
+
+	trap = lock_rename(new_upperdir, old_upperdir);
+
+	olddentry = ovl_dentry_upper(old);
+	newdentry = ovl_dentry_upper(new);
+	if (newdentry) {
+		if (opaquedir) {
+			newdentry = opaquedir;
+			opaquedir = NULL;
+		} else {
+			dget(newdentry);
+		}
+	} else {
+		new_create = true;
+		newdentry = lookup_one_len(new->d_name.name, new_upperdir,
+					   new->d_name.len);
+		err = PTR_ERR(newdentry);
+		if (IS_ERR(newdentry))
+			goto out_unlock;
+	}
+
+	err = -ESTALE;
+	if (olddentry->d_parent != old_upperdir)
+		goto out_dput;
+	if (newdentry->d_parent != new_upperdir)
+		goto out_dput;
+	if (olddentry == trap)
+		goto out_dput;
+	if (newdentry == trap)
+		goto out_dput;
+
+	if (is_dir && !old_opaque && new_opaque) {
+		err = ovl_set_opaque(olddentry);
+		if (err)
+			goto out_dput;
+	}
+	if (!overwrite && new_is_dir && old_opaque && !new_opaque) {
+		err = ovl_set_opaque(newdentry);
+		if (err)
+			goto out_dput;
+	}
+
+	if (old_opaque || new_opaque) {
+		err = ovl_do_rename(old_upperdir->d_inode, olddentry,
+				    new_upperdir->d_inode, newdentry,
+				    flags);
+	} else {
+		/* No debug for the plain case */
+		BUG_ON(flags & ~RENAME_EXCHANGE);
+		err = vfs_rename(old_upperdir->d_inode, olddentry,
+				 new_upperdir->d_inode, newdentry,
+				 NULL, flags);
+	}
+
+	if (err) {
+		if (is_dir && !old_opaque && new_opaque)
+			ovl_remove_opaque(olddentry);
+		if (!overwrite && new_is_dir && old_opaque && !new_opaque)
+			ovl_remove_opaque(newdentry);
+		goto out_dput;
+	}
+
+	if (is_dir && old_opaque && !new_opaque)
+		ovl_remove_opaque(olddentry);
+	if (!overwrite && new_is_dir && !old_opaque && new_opaque)
+		ovl_remove_opaque(newdentry);
+
+	if (old_opaque != new_opaque) {
+		ovl_dentry_set_opaque(old, new_opaque);
+		if (!overwrite)
+			ovl_dentry_set_opaque(new, old_opaque);
+	}
+
+	if (cleanup_whiteout)
+		ovl_cleanup(old_upperdir->d_inode, newdentry);
+
+	ovl_dentry_version_inc(old->d_parent);
+	ovl_dentry_version_inc(new->d_parent);
+
+out_dput:
+	dput(newdentry);
+out_unlock:
+	unlock_rename(new_upperdir, old_upperdir);
+out_revert_creds:
+	if (old_opaque || new_opaque) {
+		revert_creds(old_cred);
+		put_cred(override_cred);
+	}
+out_drop_write:
+	ovl_drop_write(old);
+out:
+	dput(opaquedir);
+	return err;
+}
+
+const struct inode_operations ovl_dir_inode_operations = {
+	.lookup		= ovl_lookup,
+	.mkdir		= ovl_mkdir,
+	.symlink	= ovl_symlink,
+	.unlink		= ovl_unlink,
+	.rmdir		= ovl_rmdir,
+	.rename2	= ovl_rename2,
+	.link		= ovl_link,
+	.setattr	= ovl_setattr,
+	.create		= ovl_create,
+	.mknod		= ovl_mknod,
+	.permission	= ovl_permission,
+	.getattr	= ovl_dir_getattr,
+	.setxattr	= ovl_setxattr,
+	.getxattr	= ovl_getxattr,
+	.listxattr	= ovl_listxattr,
+	.removexattr	= ovl_removexattr,
+};
diff --git a/fs/overlayfs/inode.c b/fs/overlayfs/inode.c
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..04f124884
--- /dev/null
+++ b/fs/overlayfs/inode.c
@@ -0,0 +1,436 @@
+/*
+ *
+ * Copyright (C) 2011 Novell Inc.
+ *
+ * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 as published by
+ * the Free Software Foundation.
+ */
+
+#include <linux/fs.h>
+#include <linux/slab.h>
+#include <linux/xattr.h>
+#include "overlayfs.h"
+
+static int ovl_copy_up_last(struct dentry *dentry, struct iattr *attr,
+			    bool no_data)
+{
+	int err;
+	struct dentry *parent;
+	struct kstat stat;
+	struct path lowerpath;
+
+	parent = dget_parent(dentry);
+	err = ovl_copy_up(parent);
+	if (err)
+		goto out_dput_parent;
+
+	ovl_path_lower(dentry, &lowerpath);
+	err = vfs_getattr(&lowerpath, &stat);
+	if (err)
+		goto out_dput_parent;
+
+	if (no_data)
+		stat.size = 0;
+
+	err = ovl_copy_up_one(parent, dentry, &lowerpath, &stat, attr);
+
+out_dput_parent:
+	dput(parent);
+	return err;
+}
+
+int ovl_setattr(struct dentry *dentry, struct iattr *attr)
+{
+	int err;
+	struct dentry *upperdentry;
+
+	err = ovl_want_write(dentry);
+	if (err)
+		goto out;
+
+	upperdentry = ovl_dentry_upper(dentry);
+	if (upperdentry) {
+		mutex_lock(&upperdentry->d_inode->i_mutex);
+		err = notify_change(upperdentry, attr, NULL);
+		mutex_unlock(&upperdentry->d_inode->i_mutex);
+	} else {
+		err = ovl_copy_up_last(dentry, attr, false);
+	}
+	ovl_drop_write(dentry);
+out:
+	return err;
+}
+
+static int ovl_getattr(struct vfsmount *mnt, struct dentry *dentry,
+			 struct kstat *stat)
+{
+	struct path realpath;
+
+	ovl_path_real(dentry, &realpath);
+	return vfs_getattr(&realpath, stat);
+}
+
+int ovl_permission(struct inode *inode, int mask)
+{
+	struct ovl_entry *oe;
+	struct dentry *alias = NULL;
+	struct inode *realinode;
+	struct dentry *realdentry;
+	bool is_upper;
+	int err;
+
+	if (S_ISDIR(inode->i_mode)) {
+		oe = inode->i_private;
+	} else if (mask & MAY_NOT_BLOCK) {
+		return -ECHILD;
+	} else {
+		/*
+		 * For non-directories find an alias and get the info
+		 * from there.
+		 */
+		alias = d_find_any_alias(inode);
+		if (WARN_ON(!alias))
+			return -ENOENT;
+
+		oe = alias->d_fsdata;
+	}
+
+	realdentry = ovl_entry_real(oe, &is_upper);
+
+	/* Careful in RCU walk mode */
+	realinode = ACCESS_ONCE(realdentry->d_inode);
+	if (!realinode) {
+		WARN_ON(!(mask & MAY_NOT_BLOCK));
+		err = -ENOENT;
+		goto out_dput;
+	}
+
+	if (mask & MAY_WRITE) {
+		umode_t mode = realinode->i_mode;
+
+		/*
+		 * Writes will always be redirected to upper layer, so
+		 * ignore lower layer being read-only.
+		 *
+		 * If the overlay itself is read-only then proceed
+		 * with the permission check, don't return EROFS.
+		 * This will only happen if this is the lower layer of
+		 * another overlayfs.
+		 *
+		 * If upper fs becomes read-only after the overlay was
+		 * constructed return EROFS to prevent modification of
+		 * upper layer.
+		 */
+		err = -EROFS;
+		if (is_upper && !IS_RDONLY(inode) && IS_RDONLY(realinode) &&
+		    (S_ISREG(mode) || S_ISDIR(mode) || S_ISLNK(mode)))
+			goto out_dput;
+	}
+
+	err = __inode_permission(realinode, mask);
+out_dput:
+	dput(alias);
+	return err;
+}
+
+
+struct ovl_link_data {
+	struct dentry *realdentry;
+	void *cookie;
+};
+
+static void *ovl_follow_link(struct dentry *dentry, struct nameidata *nd)
+{
+	void *ret;
+	struct dentry *realdentry;
+	struct inode *realinode;
+
+	realdentry = ovl_dentry_real(dentry);
+	realinode = realdentry->d_inode;
+
+	if (WARN_ON(!realinode->i_op->follow_link))
+		return ERR_PTR(-EPERM);
+
+	ret = realinode->i_op->follow_link(realdentry, nd);
+	if (IS_ERR(ret))
+		return ret;
+
+	if (realinode->i_op->put_link) {
+		struct ovl_link_data *data;
+
+		data = kmalloc(sizeof(struct ovl_link_data), GFP_KERNEL);
+		if (!data) {
+			realinode->i_op->put_link(realdentry, nd, ret);
+			return ERR_PTR(-ENOMEM);
+		}
+		data->realdentry = realdentry;
+		data->cookie = ret;
+
+		return data;
+	} else {
+		return NULL;
+	}
+}
+
+static void ovl_put_link(struct dentry *dentry, struct nameidata *nd, void *c)
+{
+	struct inode *realinode;
+	struct ovl_link_data *data = c;
+
+	if (!data)
+		return;
+
+	realinode = data->realdentry->d_inode;
+	realinode->i_op->put_link(data->realdentry, nd, data->cookie);
+	kfree(data);
+}
+
+static int ovl_readlink(struct dentry *dentry, char __user *buf, int bufsiz)
+{
+	struct path realpath;
+	struct inode *realinode;
+
+	ovl_path_real(dentry, &realpath);
+	realinode = realpath.dentry->d_inode;
+
+	if (!realinode->i_op->readlink)
+		return -EINVAL;
+
+	touch_atime(&realpath);
+
+	return realinode->i_op->readlink(realpath.dentry, buf, bufsiz);
+}
+
+
+static bool ovl_is_private_xattr(const char *name)
+{
+	return strncmp(name, OVL_XATTR_PRE_NAME, OVL_XATTR_PRE_LEN) == 0;
+}
+
+int ovl_setxattr(struct dentry *dentry, const char *name,
+		 const void *value, size_t size, int flags)
+{
+	int err;
+	struct dentry *upperdentry;
+
+	err = ovl_want_write(dentry);
+	if (err)
+		goto out;
+
+	err = -EPERM;
+	if (ovl_is_private_xattr(name))
+		goto out_drop_write;
+
+	err = ovl_copy_up(dentry);
+	if (err)
+		goto out_drop_write;
+
+	upperdentry = ovl_dentry_upper(dentry);
+	err = vfs_setxattr(upperdentry, name, value, size, flags);
+
+out_drop_write:
+	ovl_drop_write(dentry);
+out:
+	return err;
+}
+
+static bool ovl_need_xattr_filter(struct dentry *dentry,
+				  enum ovl_path_type type)
+{
+	if ((type & (__OVL_PATH_PURE | __OVL_PATH_UPPER)) == __OVL_PATH_UPPER)
+		return S_ISDIR(dentry->d_inode->i_mode);
+	else
+		return false;
+}
+
+ssize_t ovl_getxattr(struct dentry *dentry, const char *name,
+		     void *value, size_t size)
+{
+	struct path realpath;
+	enum ovl_path_type type = ovl_path_real(dentry, &realpath);
+
+	if (ovl_need_xattr_filter(dentry, type) && ovl_is_private_xattr(name))
+		return -ENODATA;
+
+	return vfs_getxattr(realpath.dentry, name, value, size);
+}
+
+ssize_t ovl_listxattr(struct dentry *dentry, char *list, size_t size)
+{
+	struct path realpath;
+	enum ovl_path_type type = ovl_path_real(dentry, &realpath);
+	ssize_t res;
+	int off;
+
+	res = vfs_listxattr(realpath.dentry, list, size);
+	if (res <= 0 || size == 0)
+		return res;
+
+	if (!ovl_need_xattr_filter(dentry, type))
+		return res;
+
+	/* filter out private xattrs */
+	for (off = 0; off < res;) {
+		char *s = list + off;
+		size_t slen = strlen(s) + 1;
+
+		BUG_ON(off + slen > res);
+
+		if (ovl_is_private_xattr(s)) {
+			res -= slen;
+			memmove(s, s + slen, res - off);
+		} else {
+			off += slen;
+		}
+	}
+
+	return res;
+}
+
+int ovl_removexattr(struct dentry *dentry, const char *name)
+{
+	int err;
+	struct path realpath;
+	enum ovl_path_type type = ovl_path_real(dentry, &realpath);
+
+	err = ovl_want_write(dentry);
+	if (err)
+		goto out;
+
+	err = -ENODATA;
+	if (ovl_need_xattr_filter(dentry, type) && ovl_is_private_xattr(name))
+		goto out_drop_write;
+
+	if (!OVL_TYPE_UPPER(type)) {
+		err = vfs_getxattr(realpath.dentry, name, NULL, 0);
+		if (err < 0)
+			goto out_drop_write;
+
+		err = ovl_copy_up(dentry);
+		if (err)
+			goto out_drop_write;
+
+		ovl_path_upper(dentry, &realpath);
+	}
+
+	err = vfs_removexattr(realpath.dentry, name);
+out_drop_write:
+	ovl_drop_write(dentry);
+out:
+	return err;
+}
+
+static bool ovl_open_need_copy_up(int flags, enum ovl_path_type type,
+				  struct dentry *realdentry)
+{
+	if (OVL_TYPE_UPPER(type))
+		return false;
+
+	if (special_file(realdentry->d_inode->i_mode))
+		return false;
+
+	if (!(OPEN_FMODE(flags) & FMODE_WRITE) && !(flags & O_TRUNC))
+		return false;
+
+	return true;
+}
+
+static int ovl_dentry_open(struct dentry *dentry, struct file *file,
+		    const struct cred *cred)
+{
+	int err;
+	struct path realpath;
+	enum ovl_path_type type;
+	bool want_write = false;
+
+	type = ovl_path_real(dentry, &realpath);
+	if (ovl_open_need_copy_up(file->f_flags, type, realpath.dentry)) {
+		want_write = true;
+		err = ovl_want_write(dentry);
+		if (err)
+			goto out;
+
+		if (file->f_flags & O_TRUNC)
+			err = ovl_copy_up_last(dentry, NULL, true);
+		else
+			err = ovl_copy_up(dentry);
+		if (err)
+			goto out_drop_write;
+
+		ovl_path_upper(dentry, &realpath);
+	}
+
+	err = vfs_open(&realpath, file, cred);
+out_drop_write:
+	if (want_write)
+		ovl_drop_write(dentry);
+out:
+	return err;
+}
+
+static const struct inode_operations ovl_file_inode_operations = {
+	.setattr	= ovl_setattr,
+	.permission	= ovl_permission,
+	.getattr	= ovl_getattr,
+	.setxattr	= ovl_setxattr,
+	.getxattr	= ovl_getxattr,
+	.listxattr	= ovl_listxattr,
+	.removexattr	= ovl_removexattr,
+	.dentry_open	= ovl_dentry_open,
+};
+
+static const struct inode_operations ovl_symlink_inode_operations = {
+	.setattr	= ovl_setattr,
+	.follow_link	= ovl_follow_link,
+	.put_link	= ovl_put_link,
+	.readlink	= ovl_readlink,
+	.getattr	= ovl_getattr,
+	.setxattr	= ovl_setxattr,
+	.getxattr	= ovl_getxattr,
+	.listxattr	= ovl_listxattr,
+	.removexattr	= ovl_removexattr,
+};
+
+struct inode *ovl_new_inode(struct super_block *sb, umode_t mode,
+			    struct ovl_entry *oe)
+{
+	struct inode *inode;
+
+	inode = new_inode(sb);
+	if (!inode)
+		return NULL;
+
+	mode &= S_IFMT;
+
+	inode->i_ino = get_next_ino();
+	inode->i_mode = mode;
+	inode->i_flags |= S_NOATIME | S_NOCMTIME;
+
+	switch (mode) {
+	case S_IFDIR:
+		inode->i_private = oe;
+		inode->i_op = &ovl_dir_inode_operations;
+		inode->i_fop = &ovl_dir_operations;
+		break;
+
+	case S_IFLNK:
+		inode->i_op = &ovl_symlink_inode_operations;
+		break;
+
+	case S_IFREG:
+	case S_IFSOCK:
+	case S_IFBLK:
+	case S_IFCHR:
+	case S_IFIFO:
+		inode->i_op = &ovl_file_inode_operations;
+		break;
+
+	default:
+		WARN(1, "illegal file type: %i\n", mode);
+		iput(inode);
+		inode = NULL;
+	}
+
+	return inode;
+}
diff --git a/fs/overlayfs/overlayfs.h b/fs/overlayfs/overlayfs.h
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..17ac5afc9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/fs/overlayfs/overlayfs.h
@@ -0,0 +1,199 @@
+/*
+ *
+ * Copyright (C) 2011 Novell Inc.
+ *
+ * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 as published by
+ * the Free Software Foundation.
+ */
+
+#include <linux/kernel.h>
+
+struct ovl_entry;
+
+enum ovl_path_type {
+	__OVL_PATH_PURE		= (1 << 0),
+	__OVL_PATH_UPPER	= (1 << 1),
+	__OVL_PATH_MERGE	= (1 << 2),
+};
+
+#define OVL_TYPE_UPPER(type)	((type) & __OVL_PATH_UPPER)
+#define OVL_TYPE_MERGE(type)	((type) & __OVL_PATH_MERGE)
+#define OVL_TYPE_PURE_UPPER(type) ((type) & __OVL_PATH_PURE)
+#define OVL_TYPE_MERGE_OR_LOWER(type) \
+	(OVL_TYPE_MERGE(type) || !OVL_TYPE_UPPER(type))
+
+#define OVL_XATTR_PRE_NAME "trusted.overlay."
+#define OVL_XATTR_PRE_LEN  16
+#define OVL_XATTR_OPAQUE   OVL_XATTR_PRE_NAME"opaque"
+
+static inline int ovl_do_rmdir(struct inode *dir, struct dentry *dentry)
+{
+	int err = vfs_rmdir(dir, dentry);
+	pr_debug("rmdir(%pd2) = %i\n", dentry, err);
+	return err;
+}
+
+static inline int ovl_do_unlink(struct inode *dir, struct dentry *dentry)
+{
+	int err = vfs_unlink(dir, dentry, NULL);
+	pr_debug("unlink(%pd2) = %i\n", dentry, err);
+	return err;
+}
+
+static inline int ovl_do_link(struct dentry *old_dentry, struct inode *dir,
+			      struct dentry *new_dentry, bool debug)
+{
+	int err = vfs_link(old_dentry, dir, new_dentry, NULL);
+	if (debug) {
+		pr_debug("link(%pd2, %pd2) = %i\n",
+			 old_dentry, new_dentry, err);
+	}
+	return err;
+}
+
+static inline int ovl_do_create(struct inode *dir, struct dentry *dentry,
+			     umode_t mode, bool debug)
+{
+	int err = vfs_create(dir, dentry, mode, true);
+	if (debug)
+		pr_debug("create(%pd2, 0%o) = %i\n", dentry, mode, err);
+	return err;
+}
+
+static inline int ovl_do_mkdir(struct inode *dir, struct dentry *dentry,
+			       umode_t mode, bool debug)
+{
+	int err = vfs_mkdir(dir, dentry, mode);
+	if (debug)
+		pr_debug("mkdir(%pd2, 0%o) = %i\n", dentry, mode, err);
+	return err;
+}
+
+static inline int ovl_do_mknod(struct inode *dir, struct dentry *dentry,
+			       umode_t mode, dev_t dev, bool debug)
+{
+	int err = vfs_mknod(dir, dentry, mode, dev);
+	if (debug) {
+		pr_debug("mknod(%pd2, 0%o, 0%o) = %i\n",
+			 dentry, mode, dev, err);
+	}
+	return err;
+}
+
+static inline int ovl_do_symlink(struct inode *dir, struct dentry *dentry,
+				 const char *oldname, bool debug)
+{
+	int err = vfs_symlink(dir, dentry, oldname);
+	if (debug)
+		pr_debug("symlink(\"%s\", %pd2) = %i\n", oldname, dentry, err);
+	return err;
+}
+
+static inline int ovl_do_setxattr(struct dentry *dentry, const char *name,
+				  const void *value, size_t size, int flags)
+{
+	int err = vfs_setxattr(dentry, name, value, size, flags);
+	pr_debug("setxattr(%pd2, \"%s\", \"%*s\", 0x%x) = %i\n",
+		 dentry, name, (int) size, (char *) value, flags, err);
+	return err;
+}
+
+static inline int ovl_do_removexattr(struct dentry *dentry, const char *name)
+{
+	int err = vfs_removexattr(dentry, name);
+	pr_debug("removexattr(%pd2, \"%s\") = %i\n", dentry, name, err);
+	return err;
+}
+
+static inline int ovl_do_rename(struct inode *olddir, struct dentry *olddentry,
+				struct inode *newdir, struct dentry *newdentry,
+				unsigned int flags)
+{
+	int err;
+
+	pr_debug("rename2(%pd2, %pd2, 0x%x)\n",
+		 olddentry, newdentry, flags);
+
+	err = vfs_rename(olddir, olddentry, newdir, newdentry, NULL, flags);
+
+	if (err) {
+		pr_debug("...rename2(%pd2, %pd2, ...) = %i\n",
+			 olddentry, newdentry, err);
+	}
+	return err;
+}
+
+static inline int ovl_do_whiteout(struct inode *dir, struct dentry *dentry)
+{
+	int err = vfs_whiteout(dir, dentry);
+	pr_debug("whiteout(%pd2) = %i\n", dentry, err);
+	return err;
+}
+
+enum ovl_path_type ovl_path_type(struct dentry *dentry);
+u64 ovl_dentry_version_get(struct dentry *dentry);
+void ovl_dentry_version_inc(struct dentry *dentry);
+void ovl_path_upper(struct dentry *dentry, struct path *path);
+void ovl_path_lower(struct dentry *dentry, struct path *path);
+enum ovl_path_type ovl_path_real(struct dentry *dentry, struct path *path);
+int ovl_path_next(int idx, struct dentry *dentry, struct path *path);
+struct dentry *ovl_dentry_upper(struct dentry *dentry);
+struct dentry *ovl_dentry_lower(struct dentry *dentry);
+struct dentry *ovl_dentry_real(struct dentry *dentry);
+struct dentry *ovl_entry_real(struct ovl_entry *oe, bool *is_upper);
+struct ovl_dir_cache *ovl_dir_cache(struct dentry *dentry);
+void ovl_set_dir_cache(struct dentry *dentry, struct ovl_dir_cache *cache);
+struct dentry *ovl_workdir(struct dentry *dentry);
+int ovl_want_write(struct dentry *dentry);
+void ovl_drop_write(struct dentry *dentry);
+bool ovl_dentry_is_opaque(struct dentry *dentry);
+void ovl_dentry_set_opaque(struct dentry *dentry, bool opaque);
+bool ovl_is_whiteout(struct dentry *dentry);
+void ovl_dentry_update(struct dentry *dentry, struct dentry *upperdentry);
+struct dentry *ovl_lookup(struct inode *dir, struct dentry *dentry,
+			  unsigned int flags);
+struct file *ovl_path_open(struct path *path, int flags);
+
+struct dentry *ovl_upper_create(struct dentry *upperdir, struct dentry *dentry,
+				struct kstat *stat, const char *link);
+
+/* readdir.c */
+extern const struct file_operations ovl_dir_operations;
+int ovl_check_empty_dir(struct dentry *dentry, struct list_head *list);
+void ovl_cleanup_whiteouts(struct dentry *upper, struct list_head *list);
+void ovl_cache_free(struct list_head *list);
+
+/* inode.c */
+int ovl_setattr(struct dentry *dentry, struct iattr *attr);
+int ovl_permission(struct inode *inode, int mask);
+int ovl_setxattr(struct dentry *dentry, const char *name,
+		 const void *value, size_t size, int flags);
+ssize_t ovl_getxattr(struct dentry *dentry, const char *name,
+		     void *value, size_t size);
+ssize_t ovl_listxattr(struct dentry *dentry, char *list, size_t size);
+int ovl_removexattr(struct dentry *dentry, const char *name);
+
+struct inode *ovl_new_inode(struct super_block *sb, umode_t mode,
+			    struct ovl_entry *oe);
+static inline void ovl_copyattr(struct inode *from, struct inode *to)
+{
+	to->i_uid = from->i_uid;
+	to->i_gid = from->i_gid;
+}
+
+/* dir.c */
+extern const struct inode_operations ovl_dir_inode_operations;
+struct dentry *ovl_lookup_temp(struct dentry *workdir, struct dentry *dentry);
+int ovl_create_real(struct inode *dir, struct dentry *newdentry,
+		    struct kstat *stat, const char *link,
+		    struct dentry *hardlink, bool debug);
+void ovl_cleanup(struct inode *dir, struct dentry *dentry);
+
+/* copy_up.c */
+int ovl_copy_up(struct dentry *dentry);
+int ovl_copy_up_one(struct dentry *parent, struct dentry *dentry,
+		    struct path *lowerpath, struct kstat *stat,
+		    struct iattr *attr);
+int ovl_copy_xattr(struct dentry *old, struct dentry *new);
+int ovl_set_attr(struct dentry *upper, struct kstat *stat);
diff --git a/fs/overlayfs/readdir.c b/fs/overlayfs/readdir.c
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..70e9af551
--- /dev/null
+++ b/fs/overlayfs/readdir.c
@@ -0,0 +1,578 @@
+/*
+ *
+ * Copyright (C) 2011 Novell Inc.
+ *
+ * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 as published by
+ * the Free Software Foundation.
+ */
+
+#include <linux/fs.h>
+#include <linux/slab.h>
+#include <linux/namei.h>
+#include <linux/file.h>
+#include <linux/xattr.h>
+#include <linux/rbtree.h>
+#include <linux/security.h>
+#include <linux/cred.h>
+#include "overlayfs.h"
+
+struct ovl_cache_entry {
+	unsigned int len;
+	unsigned int type;
+	u64 ino;
+	struct list_head l_node;
+	struct rb_node node;
+	struct ovl_cache_entry *next_maybe_whiteout;
+	bool is_whiteout;
+	char name[];
+};
+
+struct ovl_dir_cache {
+	long refcount;
+	u64 version;
+	struct list_head entries;
+};
+
+struct ovl_readdir_data {
+	struct dir_context ctx;
+	bool is_merge;
+	struct rb_root root;
+	struct list_head *list;
+	struct list_head middle;
+	struct ovl_cache_entry *first_maybe_whiteout;
+	int count;
+	int err;
+};
+
+struct ovl_dir_file {
+	bool is_real;
+	bool is_upper;
+	struct ovl_dir_cache *cache;
+	struct list_head *cursor;
+	struct file *realfile;
+	struct file *upperfile;
+};
+
+static struct ovl_cache_entry *ovl_cache_entry_from_node(struct rb_node *n)
+{
+	return container_of(n, struct ovl_cache_entry, node);
+}
+
+static struct ovl_cache_entry *ovl_cache_entry_find(struct rb_root *root,
+						    const char *name, int len)
+{
+	struct rb_node *node = root->rb_node;
+	int cmp;
+
+	while (node) {
+		struct ovl_cache_entry *p = ovl_cache_entry_from_node(node);
+
+		cmp = strncmp(name, p->name, len);
+		if (cmp > 0)
+			node = p->node.rb_right;
+		else if (cmp < 0 || len < p->len)
+			node = p->node.rb_left;
+		else
+			return p;
+	}
+
+	return NULL;
+}
+
+static struct ovl_cache_entry *ovl_cache_entry_new(struct ovl_readdir_data *rdd,
+						   const char *name, int len,
+						   u64 ino, unsigned int d_type)
+{
+	struct ovl_cache_entry *p;
+	size_t size = offsetof(struct ovl_cache_entry, name[len + 1]);
+
+	p = kmalloc(size, GFP_KERNEL);
+	if (!p)
+		return NULL;
+
+	memcpy(p->name, name, len);
+	p->name[len] = '\0';
+	p->len = len;
+	p->type = d_type;
+	p->ino = ino;
+	p->is_whiteout = false;
+
+	if (d_type == DT_CHR) {
+		p->next_maybe_whiteout = rdd->first_maybe_whiteout;
+		rdd->first_maybe_whiteout = p;
+	}
+	return p;
+}
+
+static int ovl_cache_entry_add_rb(struct ovl_readdir_data *rdd,
+				  const char *name, int len, u64 ino,
+				  unsigned int d_type)
+{
+	struct rb_node **newp = &rdd->root.rb_node;
+	struct rb_node *parent = NULL;
+	struct ovl_cache_entry *p;
+
+	while (*newp) {
+		int cmp;
+		struct ovl_cache_entry *tmp;
+
+		parent = *newp;
+		tmp = ovl_cache_entry_from_node(*newp);
+		cmp = strncmp(name, tmp->name, len);
+		if (cmp > 0)
+			newp = &tmp->node.rb_right;
+		else if (cmp < 0 || len < tmp->len)
+			newp = &tmp->node.rb_left;
+		else
+			return 0;
+	}
+
+	p = ovl_cache_entry_new(rdd, name, len, ino, d_type);
+	if (p == NULL)
+		return -ENOMEM;
+
+	list_add_tail(&p->l_node, rdd->list);
+	rb_link_node(&p->node, parent, newp);
+	rb_insert_color(&p->node, &rdd->root);
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int ovl_fill_lower(struct ovl_readdir_data *rdd,
+			  const char *name, int namelen,
+			  loff_t offset, u64 ino, unsigned int d_type)
+{
+	struct ovl_cache_entry *p;
+
+	p = ovl_cache_entry_find(&rdd->root, name, namelen);
+	if (p) {
+		list_move_tail(&p->l_node, &rdd->middle);
+	} else {
+		p = ovl_cache_entry_new(rdd, name, namelen, ino, d_type);
+		if (p == NULL)
+			rdd->err = -ENOMEM;
+		else
+			list_add_tail(&p->l_node, &rdd->middle);
+	}
+
+	return rdd->err;
+}
+
+void ovl_cache_free(struct list_head *list)
+{
+	struct ovl_cache_entry *p;
+	struct ovl_cache_entry *n;
+
+	list_for_each_entry_safe(p, n, list, l_node)
+		kfree(p);
+
+	INIT_LIST_HEAD(list);
+}
+
+static void ovl_cache_put(struct ovl_dir_file *od, struct dentry *dentry)
+{
+	struct ovl_dir_cache *cache = od->cache;
+
+	WARN_ON(cache->refcount <= 0);
+	cache->refcount--;
+	if (!cache->refcount) {
+		if (ovl_dir_cache(dentry) == cache)
+			ovl_set_dir_cache(dentry, NULL);
+
+		ovl_cache_free(&cache->entries);
+		kfree(cache);
+	}
+}
+
+static int ovl_fill_merge(struct dir_context *ctx, const char *name,
+			  int namelen, loff_t offset, u64 ino,
+			  unsigned int d_type)
+{
+	struct ovl_readdir_data *rdd =
+		container_of(ctx, struct ovl_readdir_data, ctx);
+
+	rdd->count++;
+	if (!rdd->is_merge)
+		return ovl_cache_entry_add_rb(rdd, name, namelen, ino, d_type);
+	else
+		return ovl_fill_lower(rdd, name, namelen, offset, ino, d_type);
+}
+
+static int ovl_check_whiteouts(struct dentry *dir, struct ovl_readdir_data *rdd)
+{
+	int err;
+	struct ovl_cache_entry *p;
+	struct dentry *dentry;
+	const struct cred *old_cred;
+	struct cred *override_cred;
+
+	override_cred = prepare_creds();
+	if (!override_cred)
+		return -ENOMEM;
+
+	/*
+	 * CAP_DAC_OVERRIDE for lookup
+	 */
+	cap_raise(override_cred->cap_effective, CAP_DAC_OVERRIDE);
+	old_cred = override_creds(override_cred);
+
+	err = mutex_lock_killable(&dir->d_inode->i_mutex);
+	if (!err) {
+		while (rdd->first_maybe_whiteout) {
+			p = rdd->first_maybe_whiteout;
+			rdd->first_maybe_whiteout = p->next_maybe_whiteout;
+			dentry = lookup_one_len(p->name, dir, p->len);
+			if (!IS_ERR(dentry)) {
+				p->is_whiteout = ovl_is_whiteout(dentry);
+				dput(dentry);
+			}
+		}
+		mutex_unlock(&dir->d_inode->i_mutex);
+	}
+	revert_creds(old_cred);
+	put_cred(override_cred);
+
+	return err;
+}
+
+static inline int ovl_dir_read(struct path *realpath,
+			       struct ovl_readdir_data *rdd)
+{
+	struct file *realfile;
+	int err;
+
+	realfile = ovl_path_open(realpath, O_RDONLY | O_DIRECTORY);
+	if (IS_ERR(realfile))
+		return PTR_ERR(realfile);
+
+	rdd->first_maybe_whiteout = NULL;
+	rdd->ctx.pos = 0;
+	do {
+		rdd->count = 0;
+		rdd->err = 0;
+		err = iterate_dir(realfile, &rdd->ctx);
+		if (err >= 0)
+			err = rdd->err;
+	} while (!err && rdd->count);
+
+	if (!err && rdd->first_maybe_whiteout)
+		err = ovl_check_whiteouts(realpath->dentry, rdd);
+
+	fput(realfile);
+
+	return err;
+}
+
+static void ovl_dir_reset(struct file *file)
+{
+	struct ovl_dir_file *od = file->private_data;
+	struct ovl_dir_cache *cache = od->cache;
+	struct dentry *dentry = file->f_path.dentry;
+	enum ovl_path_type type = ovl_path_type(dentry);
+
+	if (cache && ovl_dentry_version_get(dentry) != cache->version) {
+		ovl_cache_put(od, dentry);
+		od->cache = NULL;
+		od->cursor = NULL;
+	}
+	WARN_ON(!od->is_real && !OVL_TYPE_MERGE(type));
+	if (od->is_real && OVL_TYPE_MERGE(type))
+		od->is_real = false;
+}
+
+static int ovl_dir_read_merged(struct dentry *dentry, struct list_head *list)
+{
+	int err;
+	struct path realpath;
+	struct ovl_readdir_data rdd = {
+		.ctx.actor = ovl_fill_merge,
+		.list = list,
+		.root = RB_ROOT,
+		.is_merge = false,
+	};
+	int idx, next;
+
+	for (idx = 0; idx != -1; idx = next) {
+		next = ovl_path_next(idx, dentry, &realpath);
+
+		if (next != -1) {
+			err = ovl_dir_read(&realpath, &rdd);
+			if (err)
+				break;
+		} else {
+			/*
+			 * Insert lowest layer entries before upper ones, this
+			 * allows offsets to be reasonably constant
+			 */
+			list_add(&rdd.middle, rdd.list);
+			rdd.is_merge = true;
+			err = ovl_dir_read(&realpath, &rdd);
+			list_del(&rdd.middle);
+		}
+	}
+	return err;
+}
+
+static void ovl_seek_cursor(struct ovl_dir_file *od, loff_t pos)
+{
+	struct list_head *p;
+	loff_t off = 0;
+
+	list_for_each(p, &od->cache->entries) {
+		if (off >= pos)
+			break;
+		off++;
+	}
+	/* Cursor is safe since the cache is stable */
+	od->cursor = p;
+}
+
+static struct ovl_dir_cache *ovl_cache_get(struct dentry *dentry)
+{
+	int res;
+	struct ovl_dir_cache *cache;
+
+	cache = ovl_dir_cache(dentry);
+	if (cache && ovl_dentry_version_get(dentry) == cache->version) {
+		cache->refcount++;
+		return cache;
+	}
+	ovl_set_dir_cache(dentry, NULL);
+
+	cache = kzalloc(sizeof(struct ovl_dir_cache), GFP_KERNEL);
+	if (!cache)
+		return ERR_PTR(-ENOMEM);
+
+	cache->refcount = 1;
+	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&cache->entries);
+
+	res = ovl_dir_read_merged(dentry, &cache->entries);
+	if (res) {
+		ovl_cache_free(&cache->entries);
+		kfree(cache);
+		return ERR_PTR(res);
+	}
+
+	cache->version = ovl_dentry_version_get(dentry);
+	ovl_set_dir_cache(dentry, cache);
+
+	return cache;
+}
+
+static int ovl_iterate(struct file *file, struct dir_context *ctx)
+{
+	struct ovl_dir_file *od = file->private_data;
+	struct dentry *dentry = file->f_path.dentry;
+	struct ovl_cache_entry *p;
+
+	if (!ctx->pos)
+		ovl_dir_reset(file);
+
+	if (od->is_real)
+		return iterate_dir(od->realfile, ctx);
+
+	if (!od->cache) {
+		struct ovl_dir_cache *cache;
+
+		cache = ovl_cache_get(dentry);
+		if (IS_ERR(cache))
+			return PTR_ERR(cache);
+
+		od->cache = cache;
+		ovl_seek_cursor(od, ctx->pos);
+	}
+
+	while (od->cursor != &od->cache->entries) {
+		p = list_entry(od->cursor, struct ovl_cache_entry, l_node);
+		if (!p->is_whiteout)
+			if (!dir_emit(ctx, p->name, p->len, p->ino, p->type))
+				break;
+		od->cursor = p->l_node.next;
+		ctx->pos++;
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static loff_t ovl_dir_llseek(struct file *file, loff_t offset, int origin)
+{
+	loff_t res;
+	struct ovl_dir_file *od = file->private_data;
+
+	mutex_lock(&file_inode(file)->i_mutex);
+	if (!file->f_pos)
+		ovl_dir_reset(file);
+
+	if (od->is_real) {
+		res = vfs_llseek(od->realfile, offset, origin);
+		file->f_pos = od->realfile->f_pos;
+	} else {
+		res = -EINVAL;
+
+		switch (origin) {
+		case SEEK_CUR:
+			offset += file->f_pos;
+			break;
+		case SEEK_SET:
+			break;
+		default:
+			goto out_unlock;
+		}
+		if (offset < 0)
+			goto out_unlock;
+
+		if (offset != file->f_pos) {
+			file->f_pos = offset;
+			if (od->cache)
+				ovl_seek_cursor(od, offset);
+		}
+		res = offset;
+	}
+out_unlock:
+	mutex_unlock(&file_inode(file)->i_mutex);
+
+	return res;
+}
+
+static int ovl_dir_fsync(struct file *file, loff_t start, loff_t end,
+			 int datasync)
+{
+	struct ovl_dir_file *od = file->private_data;
+	struct dentry *dentry = file->f_path.dentry;
+	struct file *realfile = od->realfile;
+
+	/*
+	 * Need to check if we started out being a lower dir, but got copied up
+	 */
+	if (!od->is_upper && OVL_TYPE_UPPER(ovl_path_type(dentry))) {
+		struct inode *inode = file_inode(file);
+
+		realfile = lockless_dereference(od->upperfile);
+		if (!realfile) {
+			struct path upperpath;
+
+			ovl_path_upper(dentry, &upperpath);
+			realfile = ovl_path_open(&upperpath, O_RDONLY);
+			smp_mb__before_spinlock();
+			mutex_lock(&inode->i_mutex);
+			if (!od->upperfile) {
+				if (IS_ERR(realfile)) {
+					mutex_unlock(&inode->i_mutex);
+					return PTR_ERR(realfile);
+				}
+				od->upperfile = realfile;
+			} else {
+				/* somebody has beaten us to it */
+				if (!IS_ERR(realfile))
+					fput(realfile);
+				realfile = od->upperfile;
+			}
+			mutex_unlock(&inode->i_mutex);
+		}
+	}
+
+	return vfs_fsync_range(realfile, start, end, datasync);
+}
+
+static int ovl_dir_release(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
+{
+	struct ovl_dir_file *od = file->private_data;
+
+	if (od->cache) {
+		mutex_lock(&inode->i_mutex);
+		ovl_cache_put(od, file->f_path.dentry);
+		mutex_unlock(&inode->i_mutex);
+	}
+	fput(od->realfile);
+	if (od->upperfile)
+		fput(od->upperfile);
+	kfree(od);
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int ovl_dir_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
+{
+	struct path realpath;
+	struct file *realfile;
+	struct ovl_dir_file *od;
+	enum ovl_path_type type;
+
+	od = kzalloc(sizeof(struct ovl_dir_file), GFP_KERNEL);
+	if (!od)
+		return -ENOMEM;
+
+	type = ovl_path_real(file->f_path.dentry, &realpath);
+	realfile = ovl_path_open(&realpath, file->f_flags);
+	if (IS_ERR(realfile)) {
+		kfree(od);
+		return PTR_ERR(realfile);
+	}
+	od->realfile = realfile;
+	od->is_real = !OVL_TYPE_MERGE(type);
+	od->is_upper = OVL_TYPE_UPPER(type);
+	file->private_data = od;
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+const struct file_operations ovl_dir_operations = {
+	.read		= generic_read_dir,
+	.open		= ovl_dir_open,
+	.iterate	= ovl_iterate,
+	.llseek		= ovl_dir_llseek,
+	.fsync		= ovl_dir_fsync,
+	.release	= ovl_dir_release,
+};
+
+int ovl_check_empty_dir(struct dentry *dentry, struct list_head *list)
+{
+	int err;
+	struct ovl_cache_entry *p;
+
+	err = ovl_dir_read_merged(dentry, list);
+	if (err)
+		return err;
+
+	err = 0;
+
+	list_for_each_entry(p, list, l_node) {
+		if (p->is_whiteout)
+			continue;
+
+		if (p->name[0] == '.') {
+			if (p->len == 1)
+				continue;
+			if (p->len == 2 && p->name[1] == '.')
+				continue;
+		}
+		err = -ENOTEMPTY;
+		break;
+	}
+
+	return err;
+}
+
+void ovl_cleanup_whiteouts(struct dentry *upper, struct list_head *list)
+{
+	struct ovl_cache_entry *p;
+
+	mutex_lock_nested(&upper->d_inode->i_mutex, I_MUTEX_CHILD);
+	list_for_each_entry(p, list, l_node) {
+		struct dentry *dentry;
+
+		if (!p->is_whiteout)
+			continue;
+
+		dentry = lookup_one_len(p->name, upper, p->len);
+		if (IS_ERR(dentry)) {
+			pr_err("overlayfs: lookup '%s/%.*s' failed (%i)\n",
+			       upper->d_name.name, p->len, p->name,
+			       (int) PTR_ERR(dentry));
+			continue;
+		}
+		ovl_cleanup(upper->d_inode, dentry);
+		dput(dentry);
+	}
+	mutex_unlock(&upper->d_inode->i_mutex);
+}
diff --git a/fs/overlayfs/super.c b/fs/overlayfs/super.c
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..bf8537c7f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/fs/overlayfs/super.c
@@ -0,0 +1,1046 @@
+/*
+ *
+ * Copyright (C) 2011 Novell Inc.
+ *
+ * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 as published by
+ * the Free Software Foundation.
+ */
+
+#include <linux/fs.h>
+#include <linux/namei.h>
+#include <linux/xattr.h>
+#include <linux/security.h>
+#include <linux/mount.h>
+#include <linux/slab.h>
+#include <linux/parser.h>
+#include <linux/module.h>
+#include <linux/sched.h>
+#include <linux/statfs.h>
+#include <linux/seq_file.h>
+#include "overlayfs.h"
+
+MODULE_AUTHOR("Miklos Szeredi <miklos@szeredi.hu>");
+MODULE_DESCRIPTION("Overlay filesystem");
+MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");
+
+#define OVERLAYFS_SUPER_MAGIC 0x794c7630
+
+struct ovl_config {
+	char *lowerdir;
+	char *upperdir;
+	char *workdir;
+};
+
+/* private information held for overlayfs's superblock */
+struct ovl_fs {
+	struct vfsmount *upper_mnt;
+	unsigned numlower;
+	struct vfsmount **lower_mnt;
+	struct dentry *workdir;
+	long lower_namelen;
+	/* pathnames of lower and upper dirs, for show_options */
+	struct ovl_config config;
+};
+
+struct ovl_dir_cache;
+
+/* private information held for every overlayfs dentry */
+struct ovl_entry {
+	struct dentry *__upperdentry;
+	struct ovl_dir_cache *cache;
+	union {
+		struct {
+			u64 version;
+			bool opaque;
+		};
+		struct rcu_head rcu;
+	};
+	unsigned numlower;
+	struct path lowerstack[];
+};
+
+#define OVL_MAX_STACK 500
+
+static struct dentry *__ovl_dentry_lower(struct ovl_entry *oe)
+{
+	return oe->numlower ? oe->lowerstack[0].dentry : NULL;
+}
+
+enum ovl_path_type ovl_path_type(struct dentry *dentry)
+{
+	struct ovl_entry *oe = dentry->d_fsdata;
+	enum ovl_path_type type = 0;
+
+	if (oe->__upperdentry) {
+		type = __OVL_PATH_UPPER;
+
+		if (oe->numlower) {
+			if (S_ISDIR(dentry->d_inode->i_mode))
+				type |= __OVL_PATH_MERGE;
+		} else if (!oe->opaque) {
+			type |= __OVL_PATH_PURE;
+		}
+	} else {
+		if (oe->numlower > 1)
+			type |= __OVL_PATH_MERGE;
+	}
+	return type;
+}
+
+static struct dentry *ovl_upperdentry_dereference(struct ovl_entry *oe)
+{
+	return lockless_dereference(oe->__upperdentry);
+}
+
+void ovl_path_upper(struct dentry *dentry, struct path *path)
+{
+	struct ovl_fs *ofs = dentry->d_sb->s_fs_info;
+	struct ovl_entry *oe = dentry->d_fsdata;
+
+	path->mnt = ofs->upper_mnt;
+	path->dentry = ovl_upperdentry_dereference(oe);
+}
+
+enum ovl_path_type ovl_path_real(struct dentry *dentry, struct path *path)
+{
+	enum ovl_path_type type = ovl_path_type(dentry);
+
+	if (!OVL_TYPE_UPPER(type))
+		ovl_path_lower(dentry, path);
+	else
+		ovl_path_upper(dentry, path);
+
+	return type;
+}
+
+struct dentry *ovl_dentry_upper(struct dentry *dentry)
+{
+	struct ovl_entry *oe = dentry->d_fsdata;
+
+	return ovl_upperdentry_dereference(oe);
+}
+
+struct dentry *ovl_dentry_lower(struct dentry *dentry)
+{
+	struct ovl_entry *oe = dentry->d_fsdata;
+
+	return __ovl_dentry_lower(oe);
+}
+
+struct dentry *ovl_dentry_real(struct dentry *dentry)
+{
+	struct ovl_entry *oe = dentry->d_fsdata;
+	struct dentry *realdentry;
+
+	realdentry = ovl_upperdentry_dereference(oe);
+	if (!realdentry)
+		realdentry = __ovl_dentry_lower(oe);
+
+	return realdentry;
+}
+
+struct dentry *ovl_entry_real(struct ovl_entry *oe, bool *is_upper)
+{
+	struct dentry *realdentry;
+
+	realdentry = ovl_upperdentry_dereference(oe);
+	if (realdentry) {
+		*is_upper = true;
+	} else {
+		realdentry = __ovl_dentry_lower(oe);
+		*is_upper = false;
+	}
+	return realdentry;
+}
+
+struct ovl_dir_cache *ovl_dir_cache(struct dentry *dentry)
+{
+	struct ovl_entry *oe = dentry->d_fsdata;
+
+	return oe->cache;
+}
+
+void ovl_set_dir_cache(struct dentry *dentry, struct ovl_dir_cache *cache)
+{
+	struct ovl_entry *oe = dentry->d_fsdata;
+
+	oe->cache = cache;
+}
+
+void ovl_path_lower(struct dentry *dentry, struct path *path)
+{
+	struct ovl_entry *oe = dentry->d_fsdata;
+
+	*path = oe->numlower ? oe->lowerstack[0] : (struct path) { NULL, NULL };
+}
+
+int ovl_want_write(struct dentry *dentry)
+{
+	struct ovl_fs *ofs = dentry->d_sb->s_fs_info;
+	return mnt_want_write(ofs->upper_mnt);
+}
+
+void ovl_drop_write(struct dentry *dentry)
+{
+	struct ovl_fs *ofs = dentry->d_sb->s_fs_info;
+	mnt_drop_write(ofs->upper_mnt);
+}
+
+struct dentry *ovl_workdir(struct dentry *dentry)
+{
+	struct ovl_fs *ofs = dentry->d_sb->s_fs_info;
+	return ofs->workdir;
+}
+
+bool ovl_dentry_is_opaque(struct dentry *dentry)
+{
+	struct ovl_entry *oe = dentry->d_fsdata;
+	return oe->opaque;
+}
+
+void ovl_dentry_set_opaque(struct dentry *dentry, bool opaque)
+{
+	struct ovl_entry *oe = dentry->d_fsdata;
+	oe->opaque = opaque;
+}
+
+void ovl_dentry_update(struct dentry *dentry, struct dentry *upperdentry)
+{
+	struct ovl_entry *oe = dentry->d_fsdata;
+
+	WARN_ON(!mutex_is_locked(&upperdentry->d_parent->d_inode->i_mutex));
+	WARN_ON(oe->__upperdentry);
+	BUG_ON(!upperdentry->d_inode);
+	/*
+	 * Make sure upperdentry is consistent before making it visible to
+	 * ovl_upperdentry_dereference().
+	 */
+	smp_wmb();
+	oe->__upperdentry = upperdentry;
+}
+
+void ovl_dentry_version_inc(struct dentry *dentry)
+{
+	struct ovl_entry *oe = dentry->d_fsdata;
+
+	WARN_ON(!mutex_is_locked(&dentry->d_inode->i_mutex));
+	oe->version++;
+}
+
+u64 ovl_dentry_version_get(struct dentry *dentry)
+{
+	struct ovl_entry *oe = dentry->d_fsdata;
+
+	WARN_ON(!mutex_is_locked(&dentry->d_inode->i_mutex));
+	return oe->version;
+}
+
+bool ovl_is_whiteout(struct dentry *dentry)
+{
+	struct inode *inode = dentry->d_inode;
+
+	return inode && IS_WHITEOUT(inode);
+}
+
+static bool ovl_is_opaquedir(struct dentry *dentry)
+{
+	int res;
+	char val;
+	struct inode *inode = dentry->d_inode;
+
+	if (!S_ISDIR(inode->i_mode) || !inode->i_op->getxattr)
+		return false;
+
+	res = inode->i_op->getxattr(dentry, OVL_XATTR_OPAQUE, &val, 1);
+	if (res == 1 && val == 'y')
+		return true;
+
+	return false;
+}
+
+static void ovl_dentry_release(struct dentry *dentry)
+{
+	struct ovl_entry *oe = dentry->d_fsdata;
+
+	if (oe) {
+		unsigned int i;
+
+		dput(oe->__upperdentry);
+		for (i = 0; i < oe->numlower; i++)
+			dput(oe->lowerstack[i].dentry);
+		kfree_rcu(oe, rcu);
+	}
+}
+
+static const struct dentry_operations ovl_dentry_operations = {
+	.d_release = ovl_dentry_release,
+};
+
+static struct ovl_entry *ovl_alloc_entry(unsigned int numlower)
+{
+	size_t size = offsetof(struct ovl_entry, lowerstack[numlower]);
+	struct ovl_entry *oe = kzalloc(size, GFP_KERNEL);
+
+	if (oe)
+		oe->numlower = numlower;
+
+	return oe;
+}
+
+static inline struct dentry *ovl_lookup_real(struct dentry *dir,
+					     struct qstr *name)
+{
+	struct dentry *dentry;
+
+	mutex_lock(&dir->d_inode->i_mutex);
+	dentry = lookup_one_len(name->name, dir, name->len);
+	mutex_unlock(&dir->d_inode->i_mutex);
+
+	if (IS_ERR(dentry)) {
+		if (PTR_ERR(dentry) == -ENOENT)
+			dentry = NULL;
+	} else if (!dentry->d_inode) {
+		dput(dentry);
+		dentry = NULL;
+	}
+	return dentry;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Returns next layer in stack starting from top.
+ * Returns -1 if this is the last layer.
+ */
+int ovl_path_next(int idx, struct dentry *dentry, struct path *path)
+{
+	struct ovl_entry *oe = dentry->d_fsdata;
+
+	BUG_ON(idx < 0);
+	if (idx == 0) {
+		ovl_path_upper(dentry, path);
+		if (path->dentry)
+			return oe->numlower ? 1 : -1;
+		idx++;
+	}
+	BUG_ON(idx > oe->numlower);
+	*path = oe->lowerstack[idx - 1];
+
+	return (idx < oe->numlower) ? idx + 1 : -1;
+}
+
+struct dentry *ovl_lookup(struct inode *dir, struct dentry *dentry,
+			  unsigned int flags)
+{
+	struct ovl_entry *oe;
+	struct ovl_entry *poe = dentry->d_parent->d_fsdata;
+	struct path *stack = NULL;
+	struct dentry *upperdir, *upperdentry = NULL;
+	unsigned int ctr = 0;
+	struct inode *inode = NULL;
+	bool upperopaque = false;
+	struct dentry *this, *prev = NULL;
+	unsigned int i;
+	int err;
+
+	upperdir = ovl_upperdentry_dereference(poe);
+	if (upperdir) {
+		this = ovl_lookup_real(upperdir, &dentry->d_name);
+		err = PTR_ERR(this);
+		if (IS_ERR(this))
+			goto out;
+
+		if (this) {
+			if (ovl_is_whiteout(this)) {
+				dput(this);
+				this = NULL;
+				upperopaque = true;
+			} else if (poe->numlower && ovl_is_opaquedir(this)) {
+				upperopaque = true;
+			}
+		}
+		upperdentry = prev = this;
+	}
+
+	if (!upperopaque && poe->numlower) {
+		err = -ENOMEM;
+		stack = kcalloc(poe->numlower, sizeof(struct path), GFP_KERNEL);
+		if (!stack)
+			goto out_put_upper;
+	}
+
+	for (i = 0; !upperopaque && i < poe->numlower; i++) {
+		bool opaque = false;
+		struct path lowerpath = poe->lowerstack[i];
+
+		this = ovl_lookup_real(lowerpath.dentry, &dentry->d_name);
+		err = PTR_ERR(this);
+		if (IS_ERR(this)) {
+			/*
+			 * If it's positive, then treat ENAMETOOLONG as ENOENT.
+			 */
+			if (err == -ENAMETOOLONG && (upperdentry || ctr))
+				continue;
+			goto out_put;
+		}
+		if (!this)
+			continue;
+		if (ovl_is_whiteout(this)) {
+			dput(this);
+			break;
+		}
+		/*
+		 * Only makes sense to check opaque dir if this is not the
+		 * lowermost layer.
+		 */
+		if (i < poe->numlower - 1 && ovl_is_opaquedir(this))
+			opaque = true;
+
+		if (prev && (!S_ISDIR(prev->d_inode->i_mode) ||
+			     !S_ISDIR(this->d_inode->i_mode))) {
+			/*
+			 * FIXME: check for upper-opaqueness maybe better done
+			 * in remove code.
+			 */
+			if (prev == upperdentry)
+				upperopaque = true;
+			dput(this);
+			break;
+		}
+		/*
+		 * If this is a non-directory then stop here.
+		 */
+		if (!S_ISDIR(this->d_inode->i_mode))
+			opaque = true;
+
+		stack[ctr].dentry = this;
+		stack[ctr].mnt = lowerpath.mnt;
+		ctr++;
+		prev = this;
+		if (opaque)
+			break;
+	}
+
+	oe = ovl_alloc_entry(ctr);
+	err = -ENOMEM;
+	if (!oe)
+		goto out_put;
+
+	if (upperdentry || ctr) {
+		struct dentry *realdentry;
+
+		realdentry = upperdentry ? upperdentry : stack[0].dentry;
+
+		err = -ENOMEM;
+		inode = ovl_new_inode(dentry->d_sb, realdentry->d_inode->i_mode,
+				      oe);
+		if (!inode)
+			goto out_free_oe;
+		ovl_copyattr(realdentry->d_inode, inode);
+	}
+
+	oe->opaque = upperopaque;
+	oe->__upperdentry = upperdentry;
+	memcpy(oe->lowerstack, stack, sizeof(struct path) * ctr);
+	kfree(stack);
+	dentry->d_fsdata = oe;
+	d_add(dentry, inode);
+
+	return NULL;
+
+out_free_oe:
+	kfree(oe);
+out_put:
+	for (i = 0; i < ctr; i++)
+		dput(stack[i].dentry);
+	kfree(stack);
+out_put_upper:
+	dput(upperdentry);
+out:
+	return ERR_PTR(err);
+}
+
+struct file *ovl_path_open(struct path *path, int flags)
+{
+	return dentry_open(path, flags, current_cred());
+}
+
+static void ovl_put_super(struct super_block *sb)
+{
+	struct ovl_fs *ufs = sb->s_fs_info;
+	unsigned i;
+
+	dput(ufs->workdir);
+	mntput(ufs->upper_mnt);
+	for (i = 0; i < ufs->numlower; i++)
+		mntput(ufs->lower_mnt[i]);
+
+	kfree(ufs->config.lowerdir);
+	kfree(ufs->config.upperdir);
+	kfree(ufs->config.workdir);
+	kfree(ufs);
+}
+
+/**
+ * ovl_statfs
+ * @sb: The overlayfs super block
+ * @buf: The struct kstatfs to fill in with stats
+ *
+ * Get the filesystem statistics.  As writes always target the upper layer
+ * filesystem pass the statfs to the upper filesystem (if it exists)
+ */
+static int ovl_statfs(struct dentry *dentry, struct kstatfs *buf)
+{
+	struct ovl_fs *ofs = dentry->d_sb->s_fs_info;
+	struct dentry *root_dentry = dentry->d_sb->s_root;
+	struct path path;
+	int err;
+
+	ovl_path_real(root_dentry, &path);
+
+	err = vfs_statfs(&path, buf);
+	if (!err) {
+		buf->f_namelen = max(buf->f_namelen, ofs->lower_namelen);
+		buf->f_type = OVERLAYFS_SUPER_MAGIC;
+	}
+
+	return err;
+}
+
+/**
+ * ovl_show_options
+ *
+ * Prints the mount options for a given superblock.
+ * Returns zero; does not fail.
+ */
+static int ovl_show_options(struct seq_file *m, struct dentry *dentry)
+{
+	struct super_block *sb = dentry->d_sb;
+	struct ovl_fs *ufs = sb->s_fs_info;
+
+	seq_printf(m, ",lowerdir=%s", ufs->config.lowerdir);
+	if (ufs->config.upperdir) {
+		seq_printf(m, ",upperdir=%s", ufs->config.upperdir);
+		seq_printf(m, ",workdir=%s", ufs->config.workdir);
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int ovl_remount(struct super_block *sb, int *flags, char *data)
+{
+	struct ovl_fs *ufs = sb->s_fs_info;
+
+	if (!(*flags & MS_RDONLY) && (!ufs->upper_mnt || !ufs->workdir))
+		return -EROFS;
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static const struct super_operations ovl_super_operations = {
+	.put_super	= ovl_put_super,
+	.statfs		= ovl_statfs,
+	.show_options	= ovl_show_options,
+	.remount_fs	= ovl_remount,
+};
+
+enum {
+	OPT_LOWERDIR,
+	OPT_UPPERDIR,
+	OPT_WORKDIR,
+	OPT_ERR,
+};
+
+static const match_table_t ovl_tokens = {
+	{OPT_LOWERDIR,			"lowerdir=%s"},
+	{OPT_UPPERDIR,			"upperdir=%s"},
+	{OPT_WORKDIR,			"workdir=%s"},
+	{OPT_ERR,			NULL}
+};
+
+static char *ovl_next_opt(char **s)
+{
+	char *sbegin = *s;
+	char *p;
+
+	if (sbegin == NULL)
+		return NULL;
+
+	for (p = sbegin; *p; p++) {
+		if (*p == '\\') {
+			p++;
+			if (!*p)
+				break;
+		} else if (*p == ',') {
+			*p = '\0';
+			*s = p + 1;
+			return sbegin;
+		}
+	}
+	*s = NULL;
+	return sbegin;
+}
+
+static int ovl_parse_opt(char *opt, struct ovl_config *config)
+{
+	char *p;
+
+	while ((p = ovl_next_opt(&opt)) != NULL) {
+		int token;
+		substring_t args[MAX_OPT_ARGS];
+
+		if (!*p)
+			continue;
+
+		token = match_token(p, ovl_tokens, args);
+		switch (token) {
+		case OPT_UPPERDIR:
+			kfree(config->upperdir);
+			config->upperdir = match_strdup(&args[0]);
+			if (!config->upperdir)
+				return -ENOMEM;
+			break;
+
+		case OPT_LOWERDIR:
+			kfree(config->lowerdir);
+			config->lowerdir = match_strdup(&args[0]);
+			if (!config->lowerdir)
+				return -ENOMEM;
+			break;
+
+		case OPT_WORKDIR:
+			kfree(config->workdir);
+			config->workdir = match_strdup(&args[0]);
+			if (!config->workdir)
+				return -ENOMEM;
+			break;
+
+		default:
+			pr_err("overlayfs: unrecognized mount option \"%s\" or missing value\n", p);
+			return -EINVAL;
+		}
+	}
+
+	/* Workdir is useless in non-upper mount */
+	if (!config->upperdir && config->workdir) {
+		pr_info("overlayfs: option \"workdir=%s\" is useless in a non-upper mount, ignore\n",
+			config->workdir);
+		kfree(config->workdir);
+		config->workdir = NULL;
+	}
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+#define OVL_WORKDIR_NAME "work"
+
+static struct dentry *ovl_workdir_create(struct vfsmount *mnt,
+					 struct dentry *dentry)
+{
+	struct inode *dir = dentry->d_inode;
+	struct dentry *work;
+	int err;
+	bool retried = false;
+
+	err = mnt_want_write(mnt);
+	if (err)
+		return ERR_PTR(err);
+
+	mutex_lock_nested(&dir->i_mutex, I_MUTEX_PARENT);
+retry:
+	work = lookup_one_len(OVL_WORKDIR_NAME, dentry,
+			      strlen(OVL_WORKDIR_NAME));
+
+	if (!IS_ERR(work)) {
+		struct kstat stat = {
+			.mode = S_IFDIR | 0,
+		};
+
+		if (work->d_inode) {
+			err = -EEXIST;
+			if (retried)
+				goto out_dput;
+
+			retried = true;
+			ovl_cleanup(dir, work);
+			dput(work);
+			goto retry;
+		}
+
+		err = ovl_create_real(dir, work, &stat, NULL, NULL, true);
+		if (err)
+			goto out_dput;
+	}
+out_unlock:
+	mutex_unlock(&dir->i_mutex);
+	mnt_drop_write(mnt);
+
+	return work;
+
+out_dput:
+	dput(work);
+	work = ERR_PTR(err);
+	goto out_unlock;
+}
+
+static void ovl_unescape(char *s)
+{
+	char *d = s;
+
+	for (;; s++, d++) {
+		if (*s == '\\')
+			s++;
+		*d = *s;
+		if (!*s)
+			break;
+	}
+}
+
+static bool ovl_is_allowed_fs_type(struct dentry *root)
+{
+	const struct dentry_operations *dop = root->d_op;
+
+	/*
+	 * We don't support:
+	 *  - automount filesystems
+	 *  - filesystems with revalidate (FIXME for lower layer)
+	 *  - filesystems with case insensitive names
+	 */
+	if (dop &&
+	    (dop->d_manage || dop->d_automount ||
+	     dop->d_revalidate || dop->d_weak_revalidate ||
+	     dop->d_compare || dop->d_hash)) {
+		return false;
+	}
+	return true;
+}
+
+static int ovl_mount_dir_noesc(const char *name, struct path *path)
+{
+	int err = -EINVAL;
+
+	if (!*name) {
+		pr_err("overlayfs: empty lowerdir\n");
+		goto out;
+	}
+	err = kern_path(name, LOOKUP_FOLLOW, path);
+	if (err) {
+		pr_err("overlayfs: failed to resolve '%s': %i\n", name, err);
+		goto out;
+	}
+	err = -EINVAL;
+	if (!ovl_is_allowed_fs_type(path->dentry)) {
+		pr_err("overlayfs: filesystem on '%s' not supported\n", name);
+		goto out_put;
+	}
+	if (!S_ISDIR(path->dentry->d_inode->i_mode)) {
+		pr_err("overlayfs: '%s' not a directory\n", name);
+		goto out_put;
+	}
+	return 0;
+
+out_put:
+	path_put(path);
+out:
+	return err;
+}
+
+static int ovl_mount_dir(const char *name, struct path *path)
+{
+	int err = -ENOMEM;
+	char *tmp = kstrdup(name, GFP_KERNEL);
+
+	if (tmp) {
+		ovl_unescape(tmp);
+		err = ovl_mount_dir_noesc(tmp, path);
+		kfree(tmp);
+	}
+	return err;
+}
+
+static int ovl_lower_dir(const char *name, struct path *path, long *namelen,
+			 int *stack_depth)
+{
+	int err;
+	struct kstatfs statfs;
+
+	err = ovl_mount_dir_noesc(name, path);
+	if (err)
+		goto out;
+
+	err = vfs_statfs(path, &statfs);
+	if (err) {
+		pr_err("overlayfs: statfs failed on '%s'\n", name);
+		goto out_put;
+	}
+	*namelen = max(*namelen, statfs.f_namelen);
+	*stack_depth = max(*stack_depth, path->mnt->mnt_sb->s_stack_depth);
+
+	return 0;
+
+out_put:
+	path_put(path);
+out:
+	return err;
+}
+
+/* Workdir should not be subdir of upperdir and vice versa */
+static bool ovl_workdir_ok(struct dentry *workdir, struct dentry *upperdir)
+{
+	bool ok = false;
+
+	if (workdir != upperdir) {
+		ok = (lock_rename(workdir, upperdir) == NULL);
+		unlock_rename(workdir, upperdir);
+	}
+	return ok;
+}
+
+static unsigned int ovl_split_lowerdirs(char *str)
+{
+	unsigned int ctr = 1;
+	char *s, *d;
+
+	for (s = d = str;; s++, d++) {
+		if (*s == '\\') {
+			s++;
+		} else if (*s == ':') {
+			*d = '\0';
+			ctr++;
+			continue;
+		}
+		*d = *s;
+		if (!*s)
+			break;
+	}
+	return ctr;
+}
+
+static int ovl_fill_super(struct super_block *sb, void *data, int silent)
+{
+	struct path upperpath = { NULL, NULL };
+	struct path workpath = { NULL, NULL };
+	struct dentry *root_dentry;
+	struct ovl_entry *oe;
+	struct ovl_fs *ufs;
+	struct path *stack = NULL;
+	char *lowertmp;
+	char *lower;
+	unsigned int numlower;
+	unsigned int stacklen = 0;
+	unsigned int i;
+	int err;
+
+	err = -ENOMEM;
+	ufs = kzalloc(sizeof(struct ovl_fs), GFP_KERNEL);
+	if (!ufs)
+		goto out;
+
+	err = ovl_parse_opt((char *) data, &ufs->config);
+	if (err)
+		goto out_free_config;
+
+	err = -EINVAL;
+	if (!ufs->config.lowerdir) {
+		pr_err("overlayfs: missing 'lowerdir'\n");
+		goto out_free_config;
+	}
+
+	sb->s_stack_depth = 0;
+	if (ufs->config.upperdir) {
+		if (!ufs->config.workdir) {
+			pr_err("overlayfs: missing 'workdir'\n");
+			goto out_free_config;
+		}
+
+		err = ovl_mount_dir(ufs->config.upperdir, &upperpath);
+		if (err)
+			goto out_free_config;
+
+		/* Upper fs should not be r/o */
+		if (upperpath.mnt->mnt_sb->s_flags & MS_RDONLY) {
+			pr_err("overlayfs: upper fs is r/o, try multi-lower layers mount\n");
+			err = -EINVAL;
+			goto out_put_upperpath;
+		}
+
+		err = ovl_mount_dir(ufs->config.workdir, &workpath);
+		if (err)
+			goto out_put_upperpath;
+
+		err = -EINVAL;
+		if (upperpath.mnt != workpath.mnt) {
+			pr_err("overlayfs: workdir and upperdir must reside under the same mount\n");
+			goto out_put_workpath;
+		}
+		if (!ovl_workdir_ok(workpath.dentry, upperpath.dentry)) {
+			pr_err("overlayfs: workdir and upperdir must be separate subtrees\n");
+			goto out_put_workpath;
+		}
+		sb->s_stack_depth = upperpath.mnt->mnt_sb->s_stack_depth;
+	}
+	err = -ENOMEM;
+	lowertmp = kstrdup(ufs->config.lowerdir, GFP_KERNEL);
+	if (!lowertmp)
+		goto out_put_workpath;
+
+	err = -EINVAL;
+	stacklen = ovl_split_lowerdirs(lowertmp);
+	if (stacklen > OVL_MAX_STACK) {
+		pr_err("overlayfs: too many lower directries, limit is %d\n",
+		       OVL_MAX_STACK);
+		goto out_free_lowertmp;
+	} else if (!ufs->config.upperdir && stacklen == 1) {
+		pr_err("overlayfs: at least 2 lowerdir are needed while upperdir nonexistent\n");
+		goto out_free_lowertmp;
+	}
+
+	stack = kcalloc(stacklen, sizeof(struct path), GFP_KERNEL);
+	if (!stack)
+		goto out_free_lowertmp;
+
+	lower = lowertmp;
+	for (numlower = 0; numlower < stacklen; numlower++) {
+		err = ovl_lower_dir(lower, &stack[numlower],
+				    &ufs->lower_namelen, &sb->s_stack_depth);
+		if (err)
+			goto out_put_lowerpath;
+
+		lower = strchr(lower, '\0') + 1;
+	}
+
+	err = -EINVAL;
+	sb->s_stack_depth++;
+	if (sb->s_stack_depth > FILESYSTEM_MAX_STACK_DEPTH) {
+		pr_err("overlayfs: maximum fs stacking depth exceeded\n");
+		goto out_put_lowerpath;
+	}
+
+	if (ufs->config.upperdir) {
+		ufs->upper_mnt = clone_private_mount(&upperpath);
+		err = PTR_ERR(ufs->upper_mnt);
+		if (IS_ERR(ufs->upper_mnt)) {
+			pr_err("overlayfs: failed to clone upperpath\n");
+			goto out_put_lowerpath;
+		}
+
+		ufs->workdir = ovl_workdir_create(ufs->upper_mnt, workpath.dentry);
+		err = PTR_ERR(ufs->workdir);
+		if (IS_ERR(ufs->workdir)) {
+			pr_warn("overlayfs: failed to create directory %s/%s (errno: %i); mounting read-only\n",
+				ufs->config.workdir, OVL_WORKDIR_NAME, -err);
+			sb->s_flags |= MS_RDONLY;
+			ufs->workdir = NULL;
+		}
+	}
+
+	err = -ENOMEM;
+	ufs->lower_mnt = kcalloc(numlower, sizeof(struct vfsmount *), GFP_KERNEL);
+	if (ufs->lower_mnt == NULL)
+		goto out_put_workdir;
+	for (i = 0; i < numlower; i++) {
+		struct vfsmount *mnt = clone_private_mount(&stack[i]);
+
+		err = PTR_ERR(mnt);
+		if (IS_ERR(mnt)) {
+			pr_err("overlayfs: failed to clone lowerpath\n");
+			goto out_put_lower_mnt;
+		}
+		/*
+		 * Make lower_mnt R/O.  That way fchmod/fchown on lower file
+		 * will fail instead of modifying lower fs.
+		 */
+		mnt->mnt_flags |= MNT_READONLY;
+
+		ufs->lower_mnt[ufs->numlower] = mnt;
+		ufs->numlower++;
+	}
+
+	/* If the upper fs is nonexistent, we mark overlayfs r/o too */
+	if (!ufs->upper_mnt)
+		sb->s_flags |= MS_RDONLY;
+
+	sb->s_d_op = &ovl_dentry_operations;
+
+	err = -ENOMEM;
+	oe = ovl_alloc_entry(numlower);
+	if (!oe)
+		goto out_put_lower_mnt;
+
+	root_dentry = d_make_root(ovl_new_inode(sb, S_IFDIR, oe));
+	if (!root_dentry)
+		goto out_free_oe;
+
+	mntput(upperpath.mnt);
+	for (i = 0; i < numlower; i++)
+		mntput(stack[i].mnt);
+	path_put(&workpath);
+	kfree(lowertmp);
+
+	oe->__upperdentry = upperpath.dentry;
+	for (i = 0; i < numlower; i++) {
+		oe->lowerstack[i].dentry = stack[i].dentry;
+		oe->lowerstack[i].mnt = ufs->lower_mnt[i];
+	}
+
+	root_dentry->d_fsdata = oe;
+
+	sb->s_magic = OVERLAYFS_SUPER_MAGIC;
+	sb->s_op = &ovl_super_operations;
+	sb->s_root = root_dentry;
+	sb->s_fs_info = ufs;
+
+	return 0;
+
+out_free_oe:
+	kfree(oe);
+out_put_lower_mnt:
+	for (i = 0; i < ufs->numlower; i++)
+		mntput(ufs->lower_mnt[i]);
+	kfree(ufs->lower_mnt);
+out_put_workdir:
+	dput(ufs->workdir);
+	mntput(ufs->upper_mnt);
+out_put_lowerpath:
+	for (i = 0; i < numlower; i++)
+		path_put(&stack[i]);
+	kfree(stack);
+out_free_lowertmp:
+	kfree(lowertmp);
+out_put_workpath:
+	path_put(&workpath);
+out_put_upperpath:
+	path_put(&upperpath);
+out_free_config:
+	kfree(ufs->config.lowerdir);
+	kfree(ufs->config.upperdir);
+	kfree(ufs->config.workdir);
+	kfree(ufs);
+out:
+	return err;
+}
+
+static struct dentry *ovl_mount(struct file_system_type *fs_type, int flags,
+				const char *dev_name, void *raw_data)
+{
+	return mount_nodev(fs_type, flags, raw_data, ovl_fill_super);
+}
+
+static struct file_system_type ovl_fs_type = {
+	.owner		= THIS_MODULE,
+	.name		= "overlay",
+	.mount		= ovl_mount,
+	.kill_sb	= kill_anon_super,
+};
+MODULE_ALIAS_FS("overlay");
+
+static int __init ovl_init(void)
+{
+	return register_filesystem(&ovl_fs_type);
+}
+
+static void __exit ovl_exit(void)
+{
+	unregister_filesystem(&ovl_fs_type);
+}
+
+module_init(ovl_init);
+module_exit(ovl_exit);