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globals.txt
Globals are evil. The original MediaWiki code relied on
globals for processing context far too often. MediaWiki
development since then has been a story of slowly moving
context out of global variables and into objects. Storing
processing context in object member variables allows those
objects to be reused in a much more flexible way. Consider
the elegance of:
# Generate the article HTML as if viewed by a web request
$article = new Article( Title::newFromText( $t ) );
$article->view();
versus
# Save current globals
$oldTitle = $wgTitle;
$oldArticle = $wgArticle;
# Generate the HTML
$wgTitle = Title::newFromText( $t );
$wgArticle = new Article;
$wgArticle->view();
# Restore globals
$wgTitle = $oldTitle
$wgArticle = $oldArticle
Some of the current MediaWiki developers have an idle
fantasy that some day, globals will be eliminated from
MediaWiki entirely, replaced by an application object which
would be passed to constructors. Whether that would be an
efficient, convenient solution remains to be seen, but
certainly PHP 5 makes such object-oriented programming
models easier than they were in previous versions.
For the time being though, MediaWiki programmers will have
to work in an environment with some global context. At the
time of writing, 418 globals were initialised on startup by
MediaWiki. 304 of these were configuration settings, which
are documented in DefaultSettings.php. There is no
comprehensive documentation for the remaining 114 globals,
however some of the most important ones are listed below.
They are typically initialised either in index.php or in
Setup.php.
$wgOut
OutputPage object for HTTP response.
$wgUser
User object for the user associated with the current
request.
$wgTitle
Title object created from the request URL.
$wgLang
Language object selected by user preferences
$wgContLang
Language object associated with the wiki being
viewed.
$wgArticle
Article object corresponding to $wgTitle.
$wgParser
Parser object. Parser extensions register their
hooks here.
$wgLoadBalancer
A LoadBalancer object, manages database connections.
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