[PATCH] convert udevsend/udevd to DGRAM and single-threaded

On Fri, Feb 06, 2004 at 01:08:24AM -0500, Chris Friesen wrote:
>
> Kay, you said "unless we can get rid of _all_ the threads or at least
> getting faster, I don't want to change it."
>
> Well how about we get rid of all the threads, *and* we get faster?

Yes, we are twice as fast now on my box :)


> This patch applies to current bk trees, and does the following:
>
> 1) Switch to DGRAM sockets rather than STREAM.  This simplifies things
> as mentioned in the previous message.
>
> 2) Invalid sequence numbers are mapped to -1 rather than zero, since
> zero is a valid sequence number (I think).  Also, this allows for real
> speed tests using scripts starting at a zero sequence number, since that
> is what the initial expected sequence number is.
>
> 3) Get rid of all threading.  This is the biggie.  Some highlights:
> 	a) timeout using setitimer() and SIGALRM
> 	b) async child death notification via SIGCHLD
> 	c) these two signal handlers do nothing but raise volatile flags,
> 	all the
> work is done in the main loop
> 	d) locking no longer required


I cleaned up the rest of the comments, the whitespace and a few names to match
the whole thing. Please recheck it. Test script is switched to work on subsystem
'test' to let udev ignore it.

4 files changed, 190 insertions, 256 deletions

diff --git a/Makefile b/Makefile
index d3493f6940..97c6ca63bd 100644
--- a/Makefile
+++ b/Makefile
@@ -262,7 +262,7 @@ $(HELPER): $(HEADERS) udevinfo.o $(OBJS)
 	$(STRIPCMD) $@
 
 $(DAEMON): udevd.h $(GEN_HEADERS) udevd.o
-	$(LD) $(LDFLAGS) -lpthread -o $@ $(CRT0) udevd.o $(LIB_OBJS) $(ARCH_LIB_OBJS)
+	$(LD) $(LDFLAGS) -o $@ $(CRT0) udevd.o $(LIB_OBJS) $(ARCH_LIB_OBJS)
 	$(STRIPCMD) $@
 
 $(SENDER): udevd.h $(GEN_HEADERS) udevsend.o
diff --git a/test/udevd_test.sh b/test/udevd_test.sh
index 506e886948..981a39d01d 100644
--- a/test/udevd_test.sh
+++ b/test/udevd_test.sh
@@ -3,81 +3,86 @@
 # add/rem/add/rem/add sequence of sda/sdb/sdc
 # a few days longer and the socket of my usb-flash-reader is gone :)
 
+export SEQNUM=0
+export ACTION=add
+export DEVPATH=/test/init
+./udevsend test
+
 export SEQNUM=3
 export ACTION=add
-export DEVPATH=/block/sdc
-./udevsend block
+export DEVPATH=/test/sdc
+./udevsend test
 
 export SEQNUM=1
 export ACTION=add
-export DEVPATH=/block/sda
-./udevsend block
+export DEVPATH=/test/sda
+./udevsend test
 
 export SEQNUM=2
 export ACTION=add
-export DEVPATH=/block/sdb
-./udevsend block
+export DEVPATH=/test/sdb
+./udevsend test
 
 export SEQNUM=4
 export ACTION=remove
-export DEVPATH=/block/sdc
-./udevsend block
+export DEVPATH=/test/sdc
+./udevsend test
 
 export SEQNUM=5
 export ACTION=remove
-export DEVPATH=/block/sdb
-./udevsend block
+export DEVPATH=/test/sdb
+./udevsend test
 
 export SEQNUM=8
 export ACTION=add
-export DEVPATH=/block/sdb
-./udevsend block
+export DEVPATH=/test/sdb
+./udevsend test
 
 export SEQNUM=6
 export ACTION=remove
-export DEVPATH=/block/sda
-./udevsend block
+export DEVPATH=/test/sda
+./udevsend test
 
 export SEQNUM=7
 export ACTION=add
-export DEVPATH=/block/sda
-#./udevsend block
+export DEVPATH=/test/sda
+#./udevsend test
 
 sleep 2
 
 export SEQNUM=9
 export ACTION=add
-export DEVPATH=/block/sdc
-./udevsend block
+export DEVPATH=/test/sdc
+./udevsend test
 
 export SEQNUM=11
 export ACTION=remove
-export DEVPATH=/block/sdb
-./udevsend block
+export DEVPATH=/test/sdb
+./udevsend test
 
 export SEQNUM=10
 export ACTION=remove
-export DEVPATH=/block/sdc
-./udevsend block
+export DEVPATH=/test/sdc
+./udevsend test
 
 export SEQNUM=13
 export ACTION=add
-export DEVPATH=/block/sda
-./udevsend block
+export DEVPATH=/test/sda
+./udevsend test
 
 export SEQNUM=14
 export ACTION=add
-export DEVPATH=/block/sdb
-./udevsend block
+export DEVPATH=/test/sdb
+./udevsend test
 
 export SEQNUM=15
 export ACTION=add
-export DEVPATH=/block/sdc
-./udevsend block
+export DEVPATH=/test/sdc
+./udevsend test
 
 sleep 2
 
 export SEQNUM=12
 export ACTION=remove
-export DEVPATH=/block/sda
-./udevsend block
+export DEVPATH=/test/sda
+./udevsend test
diff --git a/udevd.c b/udevd.c
index 3ce8c8b07d..8ba833186e 100644
--- a/udevd.c
+++ b/udevd.c
@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@
  * udevd.c - hotplug event serializer
  *
  * Copyright (C) 2004 Kay Sievers <kay.sievers@vrfy.org>
+ * Copyright (C) 2004 Chris Friesen <chris_friesen@sympatico.ca>
  *
  *
  *	This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
@@ -19,7 +20,6 @@
  *
  */
 
-#include <pthread.h>
 #include <stddef.h>
 #include <sys/wait.h>
 #include <signal.h>
@@ -32,6 +32,7 @@
 #include <sys/types.h>
 #include <sys/socket.h>
 #include <sys/un.h>
+#include <sys/time.h>
 
 #include "list.h"
 #include "udev.h"
@@ -39,22 +40,17 @@
 #include "udevd.h"
 #include "logging.h"
 
-
 unsigned char logname[42];
-static pthread_mutex_t  msg_lock;
-static pthread_mutex_t  msg_active_lock;
-static pthread_cond_t msg_active;
-static pthread_mutex_t  exec_lock;
-static pthread_mutex_t  exec_active_lock;
-static pthread_cond_t exec_active;
-static pthread_mutex_t  running_lock;
-static pthread_attr_t thr_attr;
 static int expected_seqnum = 0;
+volatile static int children_waiting;
+volatile static int msg_q_timeout;
 
 LIST_HEAD(msg_list);
 LIST_HEAD(exec_list);
 LIST_HEAD(running_list);
 
+static void exec_queue_manager(void);
+static void msg_queue_manager(void);
 
 static void msg_dump_queue(void)
 {
@@ -75,17 +71,16 @@ static struct hotplug_msg *msg_create(void)
 	struct hotplug_msg *new_msg;
 
 	new_msg = malloc(sizeof(struct hotplug_msg));
-	if (new_msg == NULL) {
+	if (new_msg == NULL)
 		dbg("error malloc");
-		return NULL;
-	}
 	return new_msg;
 }
 
-static void msg_delete(struct hotplug_msg *msg)
+static void run_queue_delete(struct hotplug_msg *msg)
 {
-	if (msg != NULL)
-		free(msg);
+	list_del(&msg->list);
+	free(msg);
+	exec_queue_manager();
 }
 
 /* orders the message in the queue by sequence number */
@@ -103,21 +98,16 @@ static void msg_queue_insert(struct hotplug_msg *msg)
 	/* store timestamp of queuing */
 	msg->queue_time = time(NULL);
 
-	/* signal queue activity to manager */
-	pthread_mutex_lock(&msg_active_lock);
-	pthread_cond_signal(&msg_active);
-	pthread_mutex_unlock(&msg_active_lock);
+	/* run msg queue manager */
+	msg_queue_manager();
 
 	return ;
 }
 
 /* forks event and removes event from run queue when finished */
-static void *run_threads(void * parm)
+static void udev_run(struct hotplug_msg *msg)
 {
 	pid_t pid;
-	struct hotplug_msg *msg;
-
-	msg = parm;
 	setenv("ACTION", msg->action, 1);
 	setenv("DEVPATH", msg->devpath, 1);
 
@@ -131,190 +121,124 @@ static void *run_threads(void * parm)
 		break;
 	case -1:
 		dbg("fork of child failed");
-		goto exit;
+		run_queue_delete(msg);
+		break;
 	default:
-		/* wait for exit of child */
-		dbg("==> exec seq %d [%d] working at '%s'",
-		    msg->seqnum, pid, msg->devpath);
-		wait(NULL);
-		dbg("<== exec seq %d came back", msg->seqnum);
+		/* get SIGCHLD in main loop */
+		dbg("==> exec seq %d [%d] working at '%s'", msg->seqnum, pid, msg->devpath);
+		msg->pid = pid;
 	}
-
-exit:
-	/* remove event from run list */
-	pthread_mutex_lock(&running_lock);
-	list_del_init(&msg->list);
-	pthread_mutex_unlock(&running_lock);
-
-	msg_delete(msg);
-
-	/* signal queue activity to exec manager */
-	pthread_mutex_lock(&exec_active_lock);
-	pthread_cond_signal(&exec_active);
-	pthread_mutex_unlock(&exec_active_lock);
-
-	pthread_exit(0);
 }
 
 /* returns already running task with devpath */
 static struct hotplug_msg *running_with_devpath(struct hotplug_msg *msg)
 {
 	struct hotplug_msg *loop_msg;
-	struct hotplug_msg *tmp_msg;
-
-	list_for_each_entry_safe(loop_msg, tmp_msg, &running_list, list)
+	list_for_each_entry(loop_msg, &running_list, list)
 		if (strncmp(loop_msg->devpath, msg->devpath, sizeof(loop_msg->devpath)) == 0)
 			return loop_msg;
 	return NULL;
 }
 
-/* queue management executes the events and delays events for the same devpath */
-static void *exec_queue_manager(void * parm)
+/* exec queue management routine executes the events and delays events for the same devpath */
+static void exec_queue_manager()
 {
 	struct hotplug_msg *loop_msg;
 	struct hotplug_msg *tmp_msg;
 	struct hotplug_msg *msg;
-	pthread_t run_tid;
 
-	while (1) {
-		pthread_mutex_lock(&exec_lock);
-		list_for_each_entry_safe(loop_msg, tmp_msg, &exec_list, list) {
-			msg = running_with_devpath(loop_msg);
-			if (msg == NULL) {
-				/* move event to run list */
-				pthread_mutex_lock(&running_lock);
-				list_move_tail(&loop_msg->list, &running_list);
-				pthread_mutex_unlock(&running_lock);
-
-				pthread_create(&run_tid, &thr_attr, run_threads, (void *) loop_msg);
-
-				dbg("moved seq %d to running list", loop_msg->seqnum);
-			} else {
-				dbg("delay seq %d, cause seq %d already working on '%s'",
-				    loop_msg->seqnum, msg->seqnum, msg->devpath);
-			}
+	list_for_each_entry_safe(loop_msg, tmp_msg, &exec_list, list) {
+		msg = running_with_devpath(loop_msg);
+		if (!msg) {
+			/* move event to run list */
+			list_move_tail(&loop_msg->list, &running_list);
+			udev_run(loop_msg);
+			dbg("moved seq %d to running list", loop_msg->seqnum);
+		} else {
+			dbg("delay seq %d, cause seq %d already working on '%s'",
+				loop_msg->seqnum, msg->seqnum, msg->devpath);
 		}
-		pthread_mutex_unlock(&exec_lock);
-
-		/* wait for activation, new events or childs coming back */
-		pthread_mutex_lock(&exec_active_lock);
-		pthread_cond_wait(&exec_active, &exec_active_lock);
-		pthread_mutex_unlock(&exec_active_lock);
 	}
 }
 
-static void exec_queue_activate(void)
-{
-	pthread_mutex_lock(&exec_active_lock);
-	pthread_cond_signal(&exec_active);
-	pthread_mutex_unlock(&exec_active_lock);
-}
-
-/* move message from incoming to exec queue */
-static void msg_move_exec(struct list_head *head)
+static void msg_move_exec(struct hotplug_msg *msg)
 {
-	list_move_tail(head, &exec_list);
-	exec_queue_activate();
+	list_move_tail(&msg->list, &exec_list);
+	exec_queue_manager();
+	expected_seqnum = msg->seqnum+1;
+	dbg("moved seq %d to exec, next expected is %d",
+		msg->seqnum, expected_seqnum);
 }
 
-/* queue management thread handles the timeouts and dispatches the events */
-static void *msg_queue_manager(void * parm)
+/* msg queue management routine handles the timeouts and dispatches the events */
+static void msg_queue_manager()
 {
 	struct hotplug_msg *loop_msg;
 	struct hotplug_msg *tmp_msg;
 	time_t msg_age = 0;
-	struct timespec tv;
 
-	while (1) {
-		dbg("msg queue manager, next expected is %d", expected_seqnum);
-		pthread_mutex_lock(&msg_lock);
-		pthread_mutex_lock(&exec_lock);
+	dbg("msg queue manager, next expected is %d", expected_seqnum);
 recheck:
-		list_for_each_entry_safe(loop_msg, tmp_msg, &msg_list, list) {
-			/* move event with expected sequence to the exec list */
-			if (loop_msg->seqnum == expected_seqnum) {
-				msg_move_exec(&loop_msg->list);
-				expected_seqnum++;
-				dbg("moved seq %d to exec, next expected is %d",
-				    loop_msg->seqnum, expected_seqnum);
-				continue;
-			}
-
-			/* move event with expired timeout to the exec list */
-			msg_age = time(NULL) - loop_msg->queue_time;
-			if (msg_age > EVENT_TIMEOUT_SEC-1) {
-				msg_move_exec(&loop_msg->list);
-				expected_seqnum = loop_msg->seqnum+1;
-				dbg("moved seq %d to exec, reset next expected to %d",
-				    loop_msg->seqnum, expected_seqnum);
-				goto recheck;
-			} else {
-				break;
-			}
+	list_for_each_entry_safe(loop_msg, tmp_msg, &msg_list, list) {
+		/* move event with expected sequence to the exec list */
+		if (loop_msg->seqnum == expected_seqnum) {
+			msg_move_exec(loop_msg);
+			continue;
 		}
 
-		msg_dump_queue();
-		pthread_mutex_unlock(&exec_lock);
-		pthread_mutex_unlock(&msg_lock);
-
-		/* wait until queue gets active or next message timeout expires */
-		pthread_mutex_lock(&msg_active_lock);
-
-		if (list_empty(&msg_list) == 0) {
-			tv.tv_sec = time(NULL) + EVENT_TIMEOUT_SEC - msg_age;
-			tv.tv_nsec = 0;
-			dbg("next event expires in %li seconds",
-			    EVENT_TIMEOUT_SEC - msg_age);
-			pthread_cond_timedwait(&msg_active, &msg_active_lock, &tv);
+		/* move event with expired timeout to the exec list */
+		msg_age = time(NULL) - loop_msg->queue_time;
+		if (msg_age > EVENT_TIMEOUT_SEC-1) {
+			msg_move_exec(loop_msg);
+			goto recheck;
 		} else {
-			pthread_cond_wait(&msg_active, &msg_active_lock);
+			break;
 		}
-		pthread_mutex_unlock(&msg_active_lock);
+	}
+
+	msg_dump_queue();
+
+	if (list_empty(&msg_list) == 0) {
+		/* set timeout for remaining queued events */
+		struct itimerval itv = {{0, 0}, {EVENT_TIMEOUT_SEC - msg_age, 0}};
+		dbg("next event expires in %li seconds",
+		    EVENT_TIMEOUT_SEC - msg_age);
+		setitimer(ITIMER_REAL, &itv, 0);
 	}
 }
 
-/* every connect creates a thread which gets the msg, queues it and exits */
-static void *client_threads(void * parm)
+/* receive the msg, do some basic sanity checks, and queue it */
+static void handle_msg(int sock)
 {
-	int sock;
 	struct hotplug_msg *msg;
 	int retval;
 
-	sock = (int) parm;
-
 	msg = msg_create();
 	if (msg == NULL) {
 		dbg("unable to store message");
-		goto exit;
+		return;
 	}
 
 	retval = recv(sock, msg, sizeof(struct hotplug_msg), 0);
 	if (retval <  0) {
-		dbg("unable to receive message");
-		goto exit;
+		if (errno != EINTR)
+			dbg("unable to receive message");
+		return;
 	}
-
+	
 	if (strncmp(msg->magic, UDEV_MAGIC, sizeof(UDEV_MAGIC)) != 0 ) {
 		dbg("message magic '%s' doesn't match, ignore it", msg->magic);
-		msg_delete(msg);
-		goto exit;
+		free(msg);
+		return;
 	}
 
 	/* if no seqnum is given, we move straight to exec queue */
-	if (msg->seqnum == 0) {
-		pthread_mutex_lock(&exec_lock);
+	if (msg->seqnum == -1) {
 		list_add(&msg->list, &exec_list);
-		exec_queue_activate();
-		pthread_mutex_unlock(&exec_lock);
+		exec_queue_manager();
 	} else {
-		pthread_mutex_lock(&msg_lock);
 		msg_queue_insert(msg);
-		pthread_mutex_unlock(&msg_lock);
 	}
-
-exit:
-	close(sock);
-	pthread_exit(0);
 }
 
 static void sig_handler(int signum)
@@ -324,28 +248,48 @@ static void sig_handler(int signum)
 		case SIGTERM:
 			exit(20 + signum);
 			break;
+		case SIGALRM:
+			msg_q_timeout = 1;
+			break;
+		case SIGCHLD:
+			children_waiting = 1;
+			break;
 		default:
 			dbg("unhandled signal");
 	}
 }
 
+static void udev_done(int pid)
+{
+	/* find msg associated with pid and delete it */
+	struct hotplug_msg *msg;
+
+	list_for_each_entry(msg, &running_list, list) {
+		if (msg->pid == pid) {
+			dbg("<== exec seq %d came back", msg->seqnum);
+			run_queue_delete(msg);
+			return;
+		}
+	}
+}
+
 int main(int argc, char *argv[])
 {
 	int ssock;
-	int csock;
 	struct sockaddr_un saddr;
-	struct sockaddr_un caddr;
 	socklen_t addrlen;
-	socklen_t clen;
-	pthread_t cli_tid;
-	pthread_t mgr_msg_tid;
-	pthread_t mgr_exec_tid;
 	int retval;
 
 	init_logging("udevd");
 
 	signal(SIGINT, sig_handler);
 	signal(SIGTERM, sig_handler);
+	signal(SIGALRM, sig_handler);
+	signal(SIGCHLD, sig_handler);
+
+	/* we want these two to interrupt system calls */
+	siginterrupt(SIGALRM, 1);
+	siginterrupt(SIGCHLD, 1);
 
 	memset(&saddr, 0x00, sizeof(saddr));
 	saddr.sun_family = AF_LOCAL;
@@ -353,48 +297,37 @@ int main(int argc, char *argv[])
 	strcpy(&saddr.sun_path[1], UDEVD_SOCK_PATH);
 	addrlen = offsetof(struct sockaddr_un, sun_path) + strlen(saddr.sun_path+1) + 1;
 
-	ssock = socket(AF_LOCAL, SOCK_STREAM, 0);
+	ssock = socket(AF_LOCAL, SOCK_DGRAM, 0);
 	if (ssock == -1) {
 		dbg("error getting socket");
 		exit(1);
 	}
 
+	/* the bind takes care of ensuring only one copy running */
 	retval = bind(ssock, &saddr, addrlen);
 	if (retval < 0) {
 		dbg("bind failed\n");
 		goto exit;
 	}
 
-	retval = listen(ssock, SOMAXCONN);
-	if (retval < 0) {
-		dbg("listen failed\n");
-		goto exit;
-	}
-
-	pthread_mutex_init(&msg_lock, NULL);
-	pthread_mutex_init(&msg_active_lock, NULL);
-	pthread_mutex_init(&exec_lock, NULL);
-	pthread_mutex_init(&exec_active_lock, NULL);
-	pthread_mutex_init(&running_lock, NULL);
-
-	/* set default attributes for created threads */
-	pthread_attr_init(&thr_attr);
-	pthread_attr_setdetachstate(&thr_attr, PTHREAD_CREATE_DETACHED);
-	pthread_attr_setstacksize(&thr_attr, 16 * 1024);
+	while (1) {
+		handle_msg(ssock);
 
-	/* init queue management */
-	pthread_create(&mgr_msg_tid, &thr_attr, msg_queue_manager, NULL);
-	pthread_create(&mgr_exec_tid, &thr_attr, exec_queue_manager, NULL);
+		while(msg_q_timeout) {
+			msg_q_timeout = 0;
+			msg_queue_manager();
+		}
 
-	clen = sizeof(caddr);
-	/* main loop */
-	while (1) {
-		csock = accept(ssock, &caddr, &clen);
-		if (csock < 0) {
-			dbg("client accept failed\n");
-			continue;
+		while(children_waiting) {
+			children_waiting = 0;
+			/* reap all dead children */
+			while(1) {
+				int pid = waitpid(-1, 0, WNOHANG);
+				if ((pid == -1) || (pid == 0))
+					break;
+				udev_done(pid);
+			}
 		}
-		pthread_create(&cli_tid, &thr_attr, client_threads, (void *) csock);
 	}
 exit:
 	close(ssock);
diff --git a/udevsend.c b/udevsend.c
index 246a097f26..f6de88565f 100644
--- a/udevsend.c
+++ b/udevsend.c
@@ -33,6 +33,7 @@
 #include <string.h>
 #include <unistd.h>
 #include <time.h>
+#include <linux/stddef.h>
 
 #include "udev.h"
 #include "udev_version.h"
@@ -119,13 +120,14 @@ int main(int argc, char* argv[])
 	char *subsystem;
 	char *seqnum;
 	int seq;
-	int retval = -EINVAL;
+	int retval = 1;
 	int size;
 	int loop;
 	struct timespec tspec;
 	int sock;
 	struct sockaddr_un saddr;
 	socklen_t addrlen;
+	int started_daemon = 0;
 
 #ifdef DEBUG
 	init_logging("udevsend");
@@ -151,11 +153,11 @@ int main(int argc, char* argv[])
 
 	seqnum = get_seqnum();
 	if (seqnum == NULL)
-		seq = 0;
+		seq = -1;
 	else
 		seq = atoi(seqnum);
 
-	sock = socket(AF_LOCAL, SOCK_STREAM, 0);
+	sock = socket(AF_LOCAL, SOCK_DGRAM, 0);
 	if (sock == -1) {
 		dbg("error getting socket");
 		goto exit;
@@ -167,48 +169,42 @@ int main(int argc, char* argv[])
 	strcpy(&saddr.sun_path[1], UDEVD_SOCK_PATH);
 	addrlen = offsetof(struct sockaddr_un, sun_path) + strlen(saddr.sun_path+1) + 1;
 
-	/* try to connect, if it fails start daemon */
-	retval = connect(sock, (struct sockaddr *) &saddr, addrlen);
-	if (retval != -1) {
-		goto send;
-	} else {
-		dbg("connect failed, try starting daemon...");
-		retval = start_daemon();
-		if (retval == 0) {
+	size = build_hotplugmsg(&message, action, devpath, subsystem, seq);
+	
+	/* If we can't send, try to start daemon and resend message */
+	loop = UDEVSEND_CONNECT_RETRY;
+	while (loop--) {
+		retval = sendto(sock, &message, size, 0, (struct sockaddr*)&saddr, addrlen);
+		if (retval != -1) {
+			retval = 0;
+			goto close_and_exit;
+		}
+		
+		if (errno != ECONNREFUSED) {
+			dbg("error sending message");
+			goto close_and_exit;
+		}
+		
+		if (!started_daemon) {
+			dbg("connect failed, try starting daemon...");
+			retval = start_daemon();
+			if (retval) {
+				dbg("error starting daemon");
+				goto exit;
+			}
+			
 			dbg("daemon started");
+			started_daemon = 1;
 		} else {
-			dbg("error starting daemon");
-			goto exit;
+			dbg("retry to connect %d", UDEVSEND_CONNECT_RETRY - loop);
+			tspec.tv_sec = 0;
+			tspec.tv_nsec = 100000000;  /* 100 millisec */
+			nanosleep(&tspec, NULL);
 		}
 	}
-
-	/* try to connect while daemon to starts */
-	tspec.tv_sec = 0;
-	tspec.tv_nsec = 100000000;  /* 100 millisec */
-	loop = UDEVSEND_CONNECT_RETRY;
-	while (loop--) {
-		retval = connect(sock, (struct sockaddr *) &saddr, sizeof(saddr));
-		if (retval != -1)
-			goto send;
-		else
-			dbg("retry to connect %d",
-			    UDEVSEND_CONNECT_RETRY - loop);
-		nanosleep(&tspec, NULL);
-	}
-	dbg("error connecting to daemon, start daemon failed");
-	goto exit;
-
-send:
-	size = build_hotplugmsg(&message, action, devpath, subsystem, seq);
-	retval = send(sock, &message, size, 0);
-	if (retval == -1) {
-		dbg("error sending message");
-		close (sock);
-		goto exit;
-	}
-	close (sock);
-	return 0;
-
+	
+close_and_exit:
+	close(sock);
 exit:
-	return 1;
+	return retval;
 }