firstboot: add new component to query basic system settings on first boot, or when creating OS images offline

A new tool "systemd-firstboot" can be used either interactively on boot,
where it will query basic locale, timezone, hostname, root password
information and set it. Or it can be used non-interactively from the
command line when prepareing disk images for booting. When used
non-inertactively the tool can either copy settings from the host, or
take settings on the command line.

$ systemd-firstboot --root=/path/to/my/new/root --copy-locale --copy-root-password --hostname=waldi

The tool will be automatically invoked (interactively) now on first boot
if /etc is found unpopulated.

This also creates the infrastructure for generators to be notified via
an environment variable whether they are running on the first boot, or
not.

3 files changed, 1002 insertions, 0 deletions

diff --git a/src/firstboot/Makefile b/src/firstboot/Makefile
new file mode 120000
index 0000000000..d0b0e8e008
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/firstboot/Makefile
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+../Makefile
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/src/firstboot/firstboot-generator.c b/src/firstboot/firstboot-generator.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..6d23f40fa2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/firstboot/firstboot-generator.c
@@ -0,0 +1,71 @@
+/*-*- Mode: C; c-basic-offset: 8; indent-tabs-mode: nil -*-*/
+
+/***
+  This file is part of systemd.
+
+  Copyright 2014 Lennart Poettering
+
+  systemd is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+  under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as published by
+  the Free Software Foundation; either version 2.1 of the License, or
+  (at your option) any later version.
+
+  systemd is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but
+  WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+  MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU
+  Lesser General Public License for more details.
+
+  You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public License
+  along with systemd; If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+***/
+
+#include "util.h"
+#include "mkdir.h"
+
+static const char *arg_dest = "/tmp";
+
+static bool is_first_boot(void) {
+        const char *e;
+
+        e = getenv("SYSTEMD_FIRST_BOOT");
+        if (!e)
+                return false;
+
+        return parse_boolean(e) > 0;
+}
+
+int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
+        int r;
+
+        if (argc > 1 && argc != 4) {
+                log_error("This program takes three or no arguments.");
+                return EXIT_FAILURE;
+        }
+
+        if (argc > 1)
+                arg_dest = argv[2];
+
+        log_set_target(LOG_TARGET_SAFE);
+        log_parse_environment();
+        log_open();
+
+        umask(0022);
+
+        if (is_first_boot()) {
+                const char *t;
+
+                t = strappenda(arg_dest, "/default.target.wants/systemd-firstboot.service");
+
+                mkdir_parents(t, 0755);
+                if (symlink(SYSTEM_DATA_UNIT_PATH "/systemd-firstboot.service", t) < 0 && errno != EEXIST) {
+                        log_error("Failed to create firstboot service symlinks %s: %m", t);
+                        r = -errno;
+                        goto finish;
+                }
+        }
+
+        r = 0;
+
+finish:
+        return r < 0 ? EXIT_FAILURE : EXIT_SUCCESS;
+}
diff --git a/src/firstboot/firstboot.c b/src/firstboot/firstboot.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..56893d0e37
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/firstboot/firstboot.c
@@ -0,0 +1,930 @@
+/*-*- Mode: C; c-basic-offset: 8; indent-tabs-mode: nil -*-*/
+
+/***
+  This file is part of systemd.
+
+  Copyright 2014 Lennart Poettering
+
+  systemd is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+  under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as published by
+  the Free Software Foundation; either version 2.1 of the License, or
+  (at your option) any later version.
+
+  systemd is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but
+  WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+  MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU
+  Lesser General Public License for more details.
+
+  You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public License
+  along with systemd; If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+***/
+
+
+#include <fcntl.h>
+#include <unistd.h>
+#include <getopt.h>
+#include <shadow.h>
+
+#include "strv.h"
+#include "fileio.h"
+#include "copy.h"
+#include "build.h"
+#include "mkdir.h"
+#include "time-util.h"
+#include "path-util.h"
+#include "locale-util.h"
+#include "ask-password-api.h"
+
+static char *arg_root = NULL;
+static char *arg_locale = NULL;  /* $LANG */
+static char *arg_locale_messages = NULL; /* $LC_MESSAGES */
+static char *arg_timezone = NULL;
+static char *arg_hostname = NULL;
+static sd_id128_t arg_machine_id = {};
+static char *arg_root_password = NULL;
+static bool arg_prompt_locale = false;
+static bool arg_prompt_timezone = false;
+static bool arg_prompt_hostname = false;
+static bool arg_prompt_root_password = false;
+static bool arg_copy_locale = false;
+static bool arg_copy_timezone = false;
+static bool arg_copy_root_password = false;
+
+#define prefix_roota(p) (arg_root ? (const char*) strappenda(arg_root, p) : (const char*) p)
+
+static void clear_string(char *x) {
+
+        if (!x)
+                return;
+
+        /* A delicious drop of snake-oil! */
+        memset(x, 'x', strlen(x));
+}
+
+static bool press_any_key(void) {
+        char k = 0;
+        bool need_nl = true;
+
+        printf("-- Press any key to proceed --");
+        fflush(stdout);
+
+        read_one_char(stdin, &k, (usec_t) -1, &need_nl);
+
+        if (need_nl)
+                putchar('\n');
+
+        return k != 'q';
+}
+
+static void print_welcome(void) {
+        _cleanup_free_ char *pretty_name = NULL;
+        const char *os_release = NULL;
+        static bool done = false;
+        int r;
+
+        if (done)
+                return;
+
+        os_release = prefix_roota("/etc/os-release");
+        r = parse_env_file(os_release, NEWLINE,
+                           "PRETTY_NAME", &pretty_name,
+                           NULL);
+        if (r == -ENOENT) {
+
+                os_release = prefix_roota("/usr/lib/os-release");
+                r = parse_env_file(os_release, NEWLINE,
+                                   "PRETTY_NAME", &pretty_name,
+                                   NULL);
+        }
+
+        if (r < 0 && r != -ENOENT)
+                log_warning("Failed to read os-release file: %s", strerror(-r));
+
+        printf("\nWelcome to your new installation of %s!\nPlease configure a few basic system settings:\n\n",
+               isempty(pretty_name) ? "Linux" : pretty_name);
+
+        press_any_key();
+
+        done = true;
+}
+
+static int show_menu(char **x, unsigned n_columns, unsigned width, unsigned percentage) {
+        unsigned n, per_column, i, j;
+        unsigned break_lines, break_modulo;
+
+        assert(n_columns > 0);
+
+        n = strv_length(x);
+        per_column = (n + n_columns - 1) / n_columns;
+
+        break_lines = lines();
+        if (break_lines > 2)
+                break_lines--;
+
+        /* The first page gets two extra lines, since we want to show
+         * a title */
+        break_modulo = break_lines;
+        if (break_modulo > 3)
+                break_modulo -= 3;
+
+        for (i = 0; i < per_column; i++) {
+
+                for (j = 0; j < n_columns; j ++) {
+                        _cleanup_free_ char *e = NULL;
+
+                        if (j * per_column + i >= n)
+                                break;
+
+                        e = ellipsize(x[j * per_column + i], width, percentage);
+                        if (!e)
+                                return log_oom();
+
+                        printf("%4u) %-*s", j * per_column + i + 1, width, e);
+                }
+
+                putchar('\n');
+
+                /* on the first screen we reserve 2 extra lines for the title */
+                if (i % break_lines == break_modulo) {
+                        if (!press_any_key())
+                                return 0;
+                }
+        }
+
+        return 0;
+}
+
+static int prompt_loop(const char *text, char **l, bool (*is_valid)(const char *name), char **ret) {
+        int r;
+
+        assert(text);
+        assert(is_valid);
+        assert(ret);
+
+        for (;;) {
+                _cleanup_free_ char *p = NULL;
+                unsigned u;
+
+                r = ask_string(&p, "%s %s (empty to skip): ", draw_special_char(DRAW_TRIANGULAR_BULLET), text);
+                if (r < 0) {
+                        log_error("Failed to query user: %s", strerror(-r));
+                        return r;
+                }
+
+                if (isempty(p)) {
+                        log_warning("No data entered, skipping.");
+                        return 0;
+                }
+
+                r = safe_atou(p, &u);
+                if (r >= 0) {
+                        char *c;
+
+                        if (u <= 0 || u > strv_length(l)) {
+                                log_error("Specified entry number out of range.");
+                                continue;
+                        }
+
+                        log_info("Selected '%s'.", l[u-1]);
+
+                        c = strdup(l[u-1]);
+                        if (!c)
+                                return log_oom();
+
+                        free(*ret);
+                        *ret = c;
+                        return 0;
+                }
+
+                if (!is_valid(p)) {
+                        log_error("Entered data invalid.");
+                        continue;
+                }
+
+                free(*ret);
+                *ret = p;
+                p = 0;
+                return 0;
+        }
+}
+
+static int prompt_locale(void) {
+        _cleanup_strv_free_ char **locales = NULL;
+        int r;
+
+        if (arg_locale || arg_locale_messages)
+                return 0;
+
+        if (!arg_prompt_locale)
+                return 0;
+
+        r = get_locales(&locales);
+        if (r < 0) {
+                log_error("Cannot query locales list: %s", strerror(-r));
+                return r;
+        }
+
+        print_welcome();
+
+        printf("\nAvailable Locales:\n\n");
+        r = show_menu(locales, 3, 22, 60);
+        if (r < 0)
+                return r;
+
+        putchar('\n');
+
+        r = prompt_loop("Please enter system locale name or number", locales, locale_is_valid, &arg_locale);
+        if (r < 0)
+                return r;
+
+        if (isempty(arg_locale))
+                return 0;
+
+        r = prompt_loop("Please enter system message locale name or number", locales, locale_is_valid, &arg_locale_messages);
+        if (r < 0)
+                return r;
+
+        return 0;
+}
+
+static int process_locale(void) {
+        const char *etc_localeconf;
+        char* locales[3];
+        unsigned i = 0;
+        int r;
+
+        etc_localeconf = prefix_roota("/etc/locale.conf");
+        if (faccessat(AT_FDCWD, etc_localeconf, F_OK, AT_SYMLINK_NOFOLLOW) >= 0)
+                return 0;
+
+        if (arg_copy_locale && arg_root) {
+
+                mkdir_parents(etc_localeconf, 0755);
+                r = copy_file("/etc/locale.conf", etc_localeconf, 0, 0644);
+                if (r != -ENOENT) {
+                        if (r < 0) {
+                                log_error("Failed to copy %s: %s", etc_localeconf, strerror(-r));
+                                return r;
+                        }
+
+                        log_info("%s copied.", etc_localeconf);
+                        return 0;
+                }
+        }
+
+        r = prompt_locale();
+        if (r < 0)
+                return r;
+
+        if (!isempty(arg_locale))
+                locales[i++] = strappenda("LANG=", arg_locale);
+        if (!isempty(arg_locale_messages) && !streq(arg_locale_messages, arg_locale))
+                locales[i++] = strappenda("LC_MESSAGES=", arg_locale_messages);
+
+        if (i == 0)
+                return 0;
+
+        locales[i] = NULL;
+
+        mkdir_parents(etc_localeconf, 0755);
+        r = write_env_file(etc_localeconf, locales);
+        if (r < 0) {
+                log_error("Failed to write %s: %s", etc_localeconf, strerror(-r));
+                return r;
+        }
+
+        log_info("%s written.", etc_localeconf);
+        return 0;
+}
+
+static int prompt_timezone(void) {
+        _cleanup_strv_free_ char **zones = NULL;
+        int r;
+
+        if (arg_timezone)
+                return 0;
+
+        if (!arg_prompt_timezone)
+                return 0;
+
+        r = get_timezones(&zones);
+        if (r < 0) {
+                log_error("Cannot query timezone list: %s", strerror(-r));
+                return r;
+        }
+
+        print_welcome();
+
+        printf("\nAvailable Time Zones:\n\n");
+        r = show_menu(zones, 3, 22, 30);
+        if (r < 0)
+                return r;
+
+        putchar('\n');
+
+        r = prompt_loop("Please enter timezone name or number", zones, timezone_is_valid, &arg_timezone);
+        if (r < 0)
+                return r;
+
+        return 0;
+}
+
+static int process_timezone(void) {
+        const char *etc_localtime, *e;
+        int r;
+
+        etc_localtime = prefix_roota("/etc/localtime");
+        if (faccessat(AT_FDCWD, etc_localtime, F_OK, AT_SYMLINK_NOFOLLOW) >= 0)
+                return 0;
+
+        if (arg_copy_timezone && arg_root) {
+                _cleanup_free_ char *p = NULL;
+
+                r = readlink_malloc("/etc/localtime", &p);
+                if (r != -ENOENT) {
+                        if (r < 0) {
+                                log_error("Failed to read host timezone: %s", strerror(-r));
+                                return r;
+                        }
+
+                        mkdir_parents(etc_localtime, 0755);
+                        if (symlink(p, etc_localtime) < 0) {
+                                log_error("Failed to create %s symlink: %m", etc_localtime);
+                                return -errno;
+                        }
+
+                        log_info("%s copied.", etc_localtime);
+                        return 0;
+                }
+        }
+
+        r = prompt_timezone();
+        if (r < 0)
+                return r;
+
+        if (isempty(arg_timezone))
+                return 0;
+
+        e = strappenda("../usr/share/zoneinfo/", arg_timezone);
+
+        mkdir_parents(etc_localtime, 0755);
+        if (symlink(e, etc_localtime) < 0) {
+                log_error("Failed to create %s symlink: %m", etc_localtime);
+                return -errno;
+        }
+
+        log_info("%s written", etc_localtime);
+        return 0;
+}
+
+static int prompt_hostname(void) {
+        int r;
+
+        if (arg_hostname)
+                return 0;
+
+        if (!arg_prompt_hostname)
+                return 0;
+
+        print_welcome();
+        putchar('\n');
+
+        for (;;) {
+                _cleanup_free_ char *h = NULL;
+
+                r = ask_string(&h, "%s Please enter hostname for new system (empty to skip): ", draw_special_char(DRAW_TRIANGULAR_BULLET));
+                if (r < 0) {
+                        log_error("Failed to query hostname: %s", strerror(-r));
+                        return r;
+                }
+
+                if (isempty(h)) {
+                        log_warning("No hostname entered, skipping.");
+                        break;
+                }
+
+                if (!hostname_is_valid(h)) {
+                        log_error("Specified hostname invalid.");
+                        continue;
+                }
+
+                arg_hostname = h;
+                h = NULL;
+                break;
+        }
+
+        return 0;
+}
+
+static int process_hostname(void) {
+        const char *etc_hostname;
+        int r;
+
+        etc_hostname = prefix_roota("/etc/hostname");
+        if (faccessat(AT_FDCWD, etc_hostname, F_OK, AT_SYMLINK_NOFOLLOW) >= 0)
+                return 0;
+
+        r = prompt_hostname();
+        if (r < 0)
+                return r;
+
+        if (isempty(arg_hostname))
+                return 0;
+
+        mkdir_parents(etc_hostname, 0755);
+        r = write_string_file(etc_hostname, arg_hostname);
+        if (r < 0) {
+                log_error("Failed to write %s: %s", etc_hostname, strerror(-r));
+                return r;
+        }
+
+        log_info("%s written.", etc_hostname);
+        return 0;
+}
+
+static int process_machine_id(void) {
+        const char *etc_machine_id;
+        char id[SD_ID128_STRING_MAX];
+        int r;
+
+        etc_machine_id = prefix_roota("/etc/machine-id");
+        if (faccessat(AT_FDCWD, etc_machine_id, F_OK, AT_SYMLINK_NOFOLLOW) >= 0)
+                return 0;
+
+        if (!arg_root)
+                return 0;
+
+        if (sd_id128_equal(arg_machine_id, SD_ID128_NULL))
+                return 0;
+
+        mkdir_parents(etc_machine_id, 0755);
+        r = write_string_file(etc_machine_id, sd_id128_to_string(arg_machine_id, id));
+        if (r < 0) {
+                log_error("Failed to write machine id: %s", strerror(-r));
+                return r;
+        }
+
+        log_info("%s written.", etc_machine_id);
+        return 0;
+}
+
+static int prompt_root_password(void) {
+        const char *msg1, *msg2, *etc_shadow;
+        int r;
+
+        if (arg_root_password)
+                return 0;
+
+        if (!arg_prompt_root_password)
+                return 0;
+
+        etc_shadow = prefix_roota("/etc/shadow");
+        if (faccessat(AT_FDCWD, etc_shadow, F_OK, AT_SYMLINK_NOFOLLOW) >= 0)
+                return 0;
+
+        print_welcome();
+        putchar('\n');
+
+        msg1 = strappenda(draw_special_char(DRAW_TRIANGULAR_BULLET), " Please enter a new root password (empty to skip): ");
+        msg2 = strappenda(draw_special_char(DRAW_TRIANGULAR_BULLET), " Please enter new root password again: ");
+
+        for (;;) {
+                _cleanup_free_ char *a = NULL, *b = NULL;
+
+                r = ask_password_tty(msg1, 0, NULL, &a);
+                if (r < 0) {
+                        log_error("Failed to query root password: %s", strerror(-r));
+                        return r;
+                }
+
+                if (isempty(a)) {
+                        log_warning("No password entered, skipping.");
+                        break;
+                }
+
+                r = ask_password_tty(msg2, 0, NULL, &b);
+                if (r < 0) {
+                        log_error("Failed to query root password: %s", strerror(-r));
+                        clear_string(a);
+                        return r;
+                }
+
+                if (!streq(a, b)) {
+                        log_error("Entered passwords did not match, please try again.");
+                        clear_string(a);
+                        clear_string(b);
+                        continue;
+                }
+
+                clear_string(b);
+                arg_root_password = a;
+                a = NULL;
+                break;
+        }
+
+        return 0;
+}
+
+static int write_root_shadow(const char *path, const struct spwd *p) {
+        _cleanup_fclose_ FILE *f = NULL;
+        assert(path);
+        assert(p);
+
+        mkdir_parents(path, 0755);
+        f = fopen(path, "wex");
+        if (!f)
+                return -errno;
+
+        errno = 0;
+        if (putspent(p, f) != 0)
+                return errno ? -errno : -EIO;
+
+        return fflush_and_check(f);
+}
+
+static int process_root_password(void) {
+
+        static const char table[] =
+                "abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz"
+                "ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ"
+                "0123456789"
+                "./";
+
+        struct spwd item = {
+                .sp_namp = (char*) "root",
+                .sp_min = 0,
+                .sp_max = 99999,
+                .sp_warn = 7,
+                .sp_inact = -1,
+                .sp_expire = -1,
+                .sp_flag = (unsigned long) -1, /* this appears to be what everybody does ... */
+        };
+        char salt[3+16+1+1];
+        uint8_t raw[16];
+        unsigned i;
+        char *j;
+
+        const char *etc_shadow;
+        int r;
+
+        etc_shadow = prefix_roota("/etc/shadow");
+        if (faccessat(AT_FDCWD, etc_shadow, F_OK, AT_SYMLINK_NOFOLLOW) >= 0)
+                return 0;
+
+        if (arg_copy_root_password && arg_root) {
+                struct spwd *p;
+
+                errno = 0;
+                p = getspnam("root");
+                if (p || errno != ENOENT) {
+                        if (!p) {
+                                if (!errno)
+                                        errno = EIO;
+
+                                log_error("Failed to find shadow entry for root: %m");
+                                return -errno;
+                        }
+
+                        r = write_root_shadow(etc_shadow, p);
+                        if (r < 0) {
+                                log_error("Failed to write %s: %s", etc_shadow, strerror(-r));
+                                return r;
+                        }
+
+                        log_info("%s copied.", etc_shadow);
+                        return 0;
+                }
+        }
+
+        r = prompt_root_password();
+        if (r < 0)
+                return r;
+
+        if (!arg_root_password)
+                return 0;
+
+        r = dev_urandom(raw, 16);
+        if (r < 0) {
+                log_error("Failed to get salt: %s", strerror(-r));
+                return r;
+        }
+
+        /* We only bother with SHA512 hashed passwords, the rest is legacy, and we don't do legacy. */
+        assert_cc(sizeof(table) == 64 + 1);
+        j = stpcpy(salt, "$6$");
+        for (i = 0; i < 16; i++)
+                j[i] = table[raw[i] & 63];
+        j[i++] = '$';
+        j[i] = 0;
+
+        errno = 0;
+        item.sp_pwdp = crypt(arg_root_password, salt);
+        if (!item.sp_pwdp) {
+                if (!errno)
+                        errno = -EINVAL;
+
+                log_error("Failed to encrypt password: %m");
+                return -errno;
+        }
+
+        item.sp_lstchg = (long) (now(CLOCK_REALTIME) / USEC_PER_DAY);
+
+        r = write_root_shadow(etc_shadow, &item);
+        if (r < 0) {
+                log_error("Failed to write %s: %s", etc_shadow, strerror(-r));
+                return r;
+        }
+
+        log_info("%s written.", etc_shadow);
+        return 0;
+}
+
+static int help(void) {
+
+        printf("%s [OPTIONS...]\n\n"
+               "Configures basic settings of the system.\n\n"
+               "  -h --help                    Show this help\n"
+               "     --version                 Show package version\n"
+               "     --root=PATH               Operate on an alternate filesystem root\n"
+               "     --locale=LOCALE           Set primary locale (LANG=)\n"
+               "     --locale-messages=LOCALE  Set message locale (LC_MESSAGES=)\n"
+               "     --timezone=TIMEZONE       Set timezone\n"
+               "     --hostname=NAME           Set host name\n"
+               "     --machine-ID=ID           Set machine ID\n"
+               "     --root-password=PASSWORD  Set root password\n"
+               "     --root-password-file=FILE Set root password from file\n"
+               "     --prompt-locale           Prompt the user for locale settings\n"
+               "     --prompt-timezone         Prompt the user for timezone\n"
+               "     --prompt-hostname         Prompt the user for hostname\n"
+               "     --prompt-root-password    Prompt the user for root password\n"
+               "     --prompt                  Prompt for locale, timezone, hostname, root password\n"
+               "     --copy-locale             Copy locale from host\n"
+               "     --copy-timezone           Copy timezone from host\n"
+               "     --copy-root-password      Copy root password from host\n"
+               "     --copy                    Copy locale, timezone, root password\n"
+               "     --setup-machine-id        Generate a new random machine ID\n",
+               program_invocation_short_name);
+
+        return 0;
+}
+
+static int parse_argv(int argc, char *argv[]) {
+
+        enum {
+                ARG_VERSION = 0x100,
+                ARG_ROOT,
+                ARG_LOCALE,
+                ARG_LOCALE_MESSAGES,
+                ARG_TIMEZONE,
+                ARG_HOSTNAME,
+                ARG_MACHINE_ID,
+                ARG_ROOT_PASSWORD,
+                ARG_ROOT_PASSWORD_FILE,
+                ARG_PROMPT,
+                ARG_PROMPT_LOCALE,
+                ARG_PROMPT_TIMEZONE,
+                ARG_PROMPT_HOSTNAME,
+                ARG_PROMPT_ROOT_PASSWORD,
+                ARG_COPY,
+                ARG_COPY_LOCALE,
+                ARG_COPY_TIMEZONE,
+                ARG_COPY_ROOT_PASSWORD,
+                ARG_SETUP_MACHINE_ID,
+        };
+
+        static const struct option options[] = {
+                { "help",                 no_argument,       NULL, 'h'                      },
+                { "version",              no_argument,       NULL, ARG_VERSION              },
+                { "root",                 required_argument, NULL, ARG_ROOT                 },
+                { "locale",               required_argument, NULL, ARG_LOCALE               },
+                { "locale-messages",      required_argument, NULL, ARG_LOCALE_MESSAGES      },
+                { "timezone",             required_argument, NULL, ARG_TIMEZONE             },
+                { "hostname",             required_argument, NULL, ARG_HOSTNAME             },
+                { "machine-id",           required_argument, NULL, ARG_MACHINE_ID           },
+                { "root-password",        required_argument, NULL, ARG_ROOT_PASSWORD        },
+                { "root-password-file",   required_argument, NULL, ARG_ROOT_PASSWORD_FILE   },
+                { "prompt",               no_argument,       NULL, ARG_PROMPT               },
+                { "prompt-locale",        no_argument,       NULL, ARG_PROMPT_LOCALE        },
+                { "prompt-timezone",      no_argument,       NULL, ARG_PROMPT_TIMEZONE      },
+                { "prompt-hostname",      no_argument,       NULL, ARG_PROMPT_HOSTNAME      },
+                { "prompt-root-password", no_argument,       NULL, ARG_PROMPT_ROOT_PASSWORD },
+                { "copy",                 no_argument,       NULL, ARG_COPY                 },
+                { "copy-locale",          no_argument,       NULL, ARG_COPY_LOCALE          },
+                { "copy-timezone",        no_argument,       NULL, ARG_COPY_TIMEZONE        },
+                { "copy-root-password",   no_argument,       NULL, ARG_COPY_ROOT_PASSWORD   },
+                { "setup-machine-id",     no_argument,       NULL, ARG_SETUP_MACHINE_ID     },
+                {}
+        };
+
+        int r, c;
+
+        assert(argc >= 0);
+        assert(argv);
+
+        while ((c = getopt_long(argc, argv, "h", options, NULL)) >= 0) {
+
+                switch (c) {
+
+                case 'h':
+                        return help();
+
+                case ARG_VERSION:
+                        puts(PACKAGE_STRING);
+                        puts(SYSTEMD_FEATURES);
+                        return 0;
+
+                case ARG_ROOT:
+                        free(arg_root);
+                        arg_root = path_make_absolute_cwd(optarg);
+                        if (!arg_root)
+                                return log_oom();
+
+                        path_kill_slashes(arg_root);
+
+                        if (path_equal(arg_root, "/")) {
+                                free(arg_root);
+                                arg_root = NULL;
+                        }
+
+                        break;
+
+                case ARG_LOCALE:
+                        if (!locale_is_valid(optarg)) {
+                                log_error("Locale %s is not valid.", optarg);
+                                return -EINVAL;
+                        }
+
+                        free(arg_locale);
+                        arg_locale = strdup(optarg);
+                        if (!arg_locale)
+                                return log_oom();
+
+                        break;
+
+                case ARG_LOCALE_MESSAGES:
+                        if (!locale_is_valid(optarg)) {
+                                log_error("Locale %s is not valid.", optarg);
+                                return -EINVAL;
+                        }
+
+                        free(arg_locale_messages);
+                        arg_locale_messages = strdup(optarg);
+                        if (!arg_locale_messages)
+                                return log_oom();
+
+                        break;
+
+                case ARG_TIMEZONE:
+                        if (!timezone_is_valid(optarg)) {
+                                log_error("Timezone %s is not valid.", optarg);
+                                return -EINVAL;
+                        }
+
+                        free(arg_timezone);
+                        arg_timezone = strdup(optarg);
+                        if (!arg_timezone)
+                                return log_oom();
+
+                        break;
+
+                case ARG_ROOT_PASSWORD:
+                        free(arg_root_password);
+                        arg_root_password = strdup(optarg);
+                        if (!arg_root_password)
+                                return log_oom();
+
+                        break;
+
+                case ARG_ROOT_PASSWORD_FILE:
+                        free(arg_root_password);
+                        arg_root_password  = NULL;
+
+                        r = read_one_line_file(optarg, &arg_root_password);
+                        if (r < 0) {
+                                log_error("Failed to read %s: %s", optarg, strerror(-r));
+                                return r;
+                        }
+
+                        break;
+
+                case ARG_HOSTNAME:
+                        if (!hostname_is_valid(optarg)) {
+                                log_error("Host name %s is not valid.", optarg);
+                                return -EINVAL;
+                        }
+
+                        free(arg_hostname);
+                        arg_hostname = strdup(optarg);
+                        if (!arg_hostname)
+                                return log_oom();
+
+                        break;
+
+                case ARG_MACHINE_ID:
+                        if (sd_id128_from_string(optarg, &arg_machine_id) < 0) {
+                                log_error("Failed to parse machine id %s.", optarg);
+                                return -EINVAL;
+                        }
+
+                        break;
+
+                case ARG_PROMPT:
+                        arg_prompt_locale = arg_prompt_timezone = arg_prompt_hostname = arg_prompt_root_password = true;
+                        break;
+
+                case ARG_PROMPT_LOCALE:
+                        arg_prompt_locale = true;
+                        break;
+
+                case ARG_PROMPT_TIMEZONE:
+                        arg_prompt_timezone = true;
+                        break;
+
+                case ARG_PROMPT_HOSTNAME:
+                        arg_prompt_hostname = true;
+                        break;
+
+                case ARG_PROMPT_ROOT_PASSWORD:
+                        arg_prompt_root_password = true;
+                        break;
+
+                case ARG_COPY:
+                        arg_copy_locale = arg_copy_timezone = arg_copy_root_password = true;
+
+                case ARG_COPY_LOCALE:
+                        arg_copy_locale = true;
+                        break;
+
+                case ARG_COPY_TIMEZONE:
+                        arg_copy_timezone = true;
+                        break;
+
+                case ARG_COPY_ROOT_PASSWORD:
+                        arg_copy_root_password = true;
+                        break;
+
+                case ARG_SETUP_MACHINE_ID:
+
+                        r = sd_id128_randomize(&arg_machine_id);
+                        if (r < 0) {
+                                log_error("Failed to generate randomized machine ID: %s", strerror(-r));
+                                return r;
+                        }
+
+                        break;
+
+                case '?':
+                        return -EINVAL;
+
+                default:
+                        assert_not_reached("Unhandled option");
+                }
+        }
+
+        return 1;
+}
+
+int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
+        int r;
+
+        r = parse_argv(argc, argv);
+        if (r <= 0)
+                goto finish;
+
+        log_set_target(LOG_TARGET_AUTO);
+        log_parse_environment();
+        log_open();
+
+        umask(0022);
+
+        r = process_locale();
+        if (r < 0)
+                goto finish;
+
+        r = process_timezone();
+        if (r < 0)
+                goto finish;
+
+        r = process_hostname();
+        if (r < 0)
+                goto finish;
+
+        r = process_machine_id();
+        if (r < 0)
+                goto finish;
+
+        r = process_root_password();
+        if (r < 0)
+                goto finish;
+
+finish:
+        free(arg_root);
+        free(arg_locale);
+        free(arg_locale_messages);
+        free(arg_timezone);
+        free(arg_hostname);
+        clear_string(arg_root_password);
+        free(arg_root_password);
+
+        return r < 0 ? EXIT_FAILURE : EXIT_SUCCESS;
+}