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diff --git a/man/tmpfiles.d.xml b/man/tmpfiles.d.xml index 398b3f7325..9fd5913d83 100644 --- a/man/tmpfiles.d.xml +++ b/man/tmpfiles.d.xml @@ -21,575 +21,483 @@ --> <refentry id="tmpfiles.d"> - <refentryinfo> - <title>tmpfiles.d</title> - <productname>systemd</productname> - - <authorgroup> - <author> - <contrib>Documentation</contrib> - <firstname>Brandon</firstname> - <surname>Philips</surname> - <email>brandon@ifup.org</email> - </author> - </authorgroup> - </refentryinfo> - - <refmeta> - <refentrytitle>tmpfiles.d</refentrytitle> - <manvolnum>5</manvolnum> - </refmeta> - - <refnamediv> - <refname>tmpfiles.d</refname> - <refpurpose>Configuration for creation, deletion and - cleaning of volatile and temporary files</refpurpose> - </refnamediv> - - <refsynopsisdiv> - <para><filename>/etc/tmpfiles.d/*.conf</filename></para> - <para><filename>/run/tmpfiles.d/*.conf</filename></para> - <para><filename>/usr/lib/tmpfiles.d/*.conf</filename></para> - </refsynopsisdiv> - - <refsect1> - <title>Description</title> - - <para><command>systemd-tmpfiles</command> uses the - configuration files from the above directories to describe the - creation, cleaning and removal of volatile and - temporary files and directories which usually reside - in directories such as <filename>/run</filename> - or <filename>/tmp</filename>.</para> - - <para>Volatile and temporary files and directories are - those located in <filename>/run</filename> (and its - alias <filename>/var/run</filename>), - <filename>/tmp</filename>, - <filename>/var/tmp</filename>, the API file systems - such as <filename>/sys</filename> or - <filename>/proc</filename>, as well as some other - directories below <filename>/var</filename>.</para> - - <para>System daemons frequently require private - runtime directories below <filename>/run</filename> to - place communication sockets and similar in. For these, - consider declaring them in their unit files using - <varname>RuntimeDirectory=</varname> - (see <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd.exec</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry> for details), - if this is feasible.</para> - </refsect1> - - <refsect1> - <title>Configuration Format</title> - - <para>Each configuration file shall be named in the - style of - <filename><replaceable>package</replaceable>.conf</filename> - or - <filename><replaceable>package</replaceable>-<replaceable>part</replaceable>.conf</filename>. - The second variant should be used when it is desirable - to make it easy to override just this part of - configuration.</para> - - <para>Files in <filename>/etc/tmpfiles.d</filename> - override files with the same name in - <filename>/usr/lib/tmpfiles.d</filename> and - <filename>/run/tmpfiles.d</filename>. Files in - <filename>/run/tmpfiles.d</filename> override files - with the same name in - <filename>/usr/lib/tmpfiles.d</filename>. Packages - should install their configuration files in - <filename>/usr/lib/tmpfiles.d</filename>. Files in - <filename>/etc/tmpfiles.d</filename> are reserved for - the local administrator, who may use this logic to - override the configuration files installed by vendor - packages. All configuration files are sorted by their - filename in lexicographic order, regardless of which - of the directories they reside in. If multiple files - specify the same path, the entry in the file with the - lexicographically earliest name will be applied. - All other conflicting entries will be logged as - errors. When two lines are prefix and suffix of each - other, then the prefix is always processed first, the - suffix later. Otherwise, the files/directories are - processed in the order they are listed.</para> - - <para>If the administrator wants to disable a - configuration file supplied by the vendor, the - recommended way is to place a symlink to - <filename>/dev/null</filename> in - <filename>/etc/tmpfiles.d/</filename> bearing the - same filename.</para> - - <para>The configuration format is one line per path - containing type, path, mode, ownership, age, and argument - fields:</para> - - <programlisting>#Type Path Mode UID GID Age Argument -d /run/user 0755 root root 10d - -L /tmp/foobar - - - - /dev/null</programlisting> - - <refsect2> - <title>Type</title> - - <para>The type consists of a single letter and - optionally an exclamation mark.</para> - - <para>The following line types are understood:</para> - - <variablelist> - <varlistentry> - <term><varname>f</varname></term> - <listitem><para>Create a file if it does not exist yet. If the argument parameter is given, it will be written to the file.</para></listitem> - </varlistentry> - - <varlistentry> - <term><varname>F</varname></term> - <listitem><para>Create or truncate a file. If the argument parameter is given, it will be written to the file.</para></listitem> - </varlistentry> - - <varlistentry> - <term><varname>w</varname></term> - <listitem><para>Write the argument parameter to a file, if the file exists. - Lines of this type accept shell-style globs in place of normal path - names. The argument parameter will be written without a trailing - newline. C-style backslash escapes are interpreted.</para></listitem> - </varlistentry> - - <varlistentry> - <term><varname>d</varname></term> - <listitem><para>Create a directory if it does not exist yet.</para></listitem> - </varlistentry> - - <varlistentry> - <term><varname>D</varname></term> - <listitem><para>Create or empty a directory.</para></listitem> - </varlistentry> - - <varlistentry> - <term><varname>v</varname></term> - <listitem><para>Create a - subvolume if the path does not - exist yet and the file system - supports this (btrfs). Otherwise - create a normal directory, in - the same way as - <varname>d</varname>.</para></listitem> - </varlistentry> - - <varlistentry> - <term><varname>p</varname></term> - <term><varname>p+</varname></term> - <listitem><para>Create a named - pipe (FIFO) if it does not - exist yet. If suffixed with - <varname>+</varname> and a - file already exists where the - pipe is to be created, it will - be removed and be replaced by - the pipe.</para></listitem> - </varlistentry> - - <varlistentry> - <term><varname>L</varname></term> - <term><varname>L+</varname></term> - <listitem><para>Create a - symlink if it does not exist - yet. If suffixed with - <varname>+</varname> and a - file already exists where the - symlink is to be created, it - will be removed and be - replaced by the - symlink. If the argument is omitted, - symlinks to files with the same name - residing in the directory - <filename>/usr/share/factory/</filename> - are created.</para></listitem> - </varlistentry> - - <varlistentry> - <term><varname>c</varname></term> - <term><varname>c+</varname></term> - <listitem><para>Create a - character device node if it - does not exist yet. If - suffixed with - <varname>+</varname> and a - file already exists where the - device node is to be created, - it will be removed and be - replaced by the device - node. It is recommended to suffix this - entry with an exclamation mark to only - create static device nodes at boot, - as udev will not manage static device - nodes that are created at runtime. - </para></listitem> - </varlistentry> - - <varlistentry> - <term><varname>b</varname></term> - <term><varname>b+</varname></term> - <listitem><para>Create a block - device node if it does not - exist yet. If suffixed with - <varname>+</varname> and a - file already exists where the - device node is to be created, - it will be removed and be - replaced by the device - node. It is recommended to suffix this - entry with an exclamation mark to only - create static device nodes at boot, - as udev will not manage static device - nodes that are created at runtime. - </para></listitem> - </varlistentry> - - <varlistentry> - <term><varname>C</varname></term> - <listitem><para>Recursively - copy a file or directory, if - the destination files or - directories do not exist - yet. Note that this command - will not descend into - subdirectories if the - destination directory already - exists. Instead, the entire - copy operation is - skipped. If the argument is omitted, - files from the source directory - <filename>/usr/share/factory/</filename> - with the same name are copied.</para></listitem> - </varlistentry> - - <varlistentry> - <term><varname>x</varname></term> - <listitem><para>Ignore a path - during cleaning. Use this type - to exclude paths from clean-up - as controlled with the Age - parameter. Note that lines of - this type do not influence the - effect of <varname>r</varname> - or <varname>R</varname> lines. - Lines of this type accept - shell-style globs in place of - normal path names. - </para></listitem> - </varlistentry> - - <varlistentry> - <term><varname>X</varname></term> - <listitem><para>Ignore a path - during cleaning. Use this type - to exclude paths from clean-up - as controlled with the Age - parameter. Unlike - <varname>x</varname>, this - parameter will not exclude the - content if path is a - directory, but only directory - itself. Note that lines of - this type do not influence the - effect of <varname>r</varname> - or <varname>R</varname> lines. - Lines of this type accept - shell-style globs in place of - normal path names. - </para></listitem> - </varlistentry> - - <varlistentry> - <term><varname>r</varname></term> - <listitem><para>Remove a file - or directory if it exists. - This may not be used to remove - non-empty directories, use - <varname>R</varname> for that. - Lines of this type accept - shell-style globs in place of - normal path - names.</para></listitem> - </varlistentry> - - <varlistentry> - <term><varname>R</varname></term> - <listitem><para>Recursively - remove a path and all its - subdirectories (if it is a - directory). Lines of this type - accept shell-style globs in - place of normal path - names.</para></listitem> - </varlistentry> - - <varlistentry> - <term><varname>z</varname></term> - <listitem><para>Adjust the - access mode, group and user, - and restore the SELinux security - context of a file or directory, - if it exists. Lines of this - type accept shell-style globs - in place of normal path names. - </para></listitem> - </varlistentry> - - <varlistentry> - <term><varname>Z</varname></term> - <listitem><para>Recursively - set the access mode, group and - user, and restore the SELinux - security context of a file or - directory if it exists, as - well as of its subdirectories - and the files contained - therein (if applicable). Lines - of this type accept - shell-style globs in place of - normal path - names.</para></listitem> - </varlistentry> - - <varlistentry> - <term><varname>t</varname></term> - <listitem><para>Set extended - attributes on item. It may be - used in conjunction with other - types (only <varname>d</varname>, - <varname>D</varname>, <varname>f</varname>, - <varname>F</varname>, <varname>L</varname>, - <varname>p</varname>, <varname>c</varname>, - <varname>b</varname>, makes sense). - If used as a standalone line, then - <command>systemd-tmpfiles</command> - will try to set extended - attributes on specified path. - This can be especially used to set - SMACK labels. - </para></listitem> - </varlistentry> - </variablelist> - - <para>If the exclamation mark is used, this - line is only safe of execute during boot, and - can break a running system. Lines without the - exclamation mark are presumed to be safe to - execute at any time, e.g. on package upgrades. - <command>systemd-tmpfiles</command> will - execute line with an exclamation mark only if - option <option>--boot</option> is given. - </para> - - <para>For example: - <programlisting># Make sure these are created by default so that nobody else can -d /tmp/.X11-unix 1777 root root 10d - -# Unlink the X11 lock files -r! /tmp/.X[0-9]*-lock</programlisting> - The second line in contrast to the first one - would break a running system, and will only be - executed with <option>--boot</option>.</para> - </refsect2> - - <refsect2> - <title>Path</title> - - <para>The file system path specification supports simple specifier - expansion. The following expansions are - understood:</para> - - <table> - <title>Specifiers available</title> - <tgroup cols='3' align='left' colsep='1' rowsep='1'> - <colspec colname="spec" /> - <colspec colname="mean" /> - <colspec colname="detail" /> - <thead> - <row> - <entry>Specifier</entry> - <entry>Meaning</entry> - <entry>Details</entry> - </row> - </thead> - <tbody> - <row> - <entry><literal>%m</literal></entry> - <entry>Machine ID</entry> - <entry>The machine ID of the running system, formatted as string. See <citerefentry><refentrytitle>machine-id</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry> for more information.</entry> - </row> - <row> - <entry><literal>%b</literal></entry> - <entry>Boot ID</entry> - <entry>The boot ID of the running system, formatted as string. See <citerefentry><refentrytitle>random</refentrytitle><manvolnum>4</manvolnum></citerefentry> for more information.</entry> - </row> - <row> - <entry><literal>%H</literal></entry> - <entry>Host name</entry> - <entry>The hostname of the running system.</entry> - </row> - <row> - <entry><literal>%v</literal></entry> - <entry>Kernel release</entry> - <entry>Identical to <command>uname -r</command> output.</entry> - </row> - <row> - <entry><literal>%%</literal></entry> - <entry>Escaped %</entry> - <entry>Single percent sign.</entry> - </row> - </tbody> - </tgroup> - </table> - </refsect2> - - <refsect2> - <title>Mode</title> - - <para>The file access mode to use when - creating this file or directory. If omitted or - when set to -, the default is used: 0755 for - directories, 0644 for all other file objects. - For <varname>z</varname>, <varname>Z</varname> - lines, if omitted or when set to - <literal>-</literal>, the file access mode - will not be modified. This parameter is - ignored for <varname>x</varname>, - <varname>r</varname>, <varname>R</varname>, - <varname>L</varname>, <varname>t</varname> lines.</para> - - <para>Optionally, if prefixed with - <literal>~</literal>, the access mode is masked - based on the already set access bits for - existing file or directories: if the existing - file has all executable bits unset, all - executable bits are removed from the new - access mode, too. Similarly, if all read bits - are removed from the old access mode, they will - be removed from the new access mode too, and - if all write bits are removed, they will be - removed from the new access mode too. In - addition, the sticky/SUID/SGID bit is removed unless - applied to a directory. This - functionality is particularly useful in - conjunction with <varname>Z</varname>.</para> - </refsect2> - - <refsect2> - <title>UID, GID</title> - - <para>The user and group to use for this file - or directory. This may either be a numeric - user/group ID or a user or group name. If - omitted or when set to <literal>-</literal>, - the default 0 (root) is used. For - <varname>z</varname>, <varname>Z</varname> - lines, when omitted or when set to -, the file - ownership will not be modified. These - parameters are ignored for - <varname>x</varname>, <varname>r</varname>, - <varname>R</varname>, <varname>L</varname>, - <varname>t</varname> lines.</para> - </refsect2> - - <refsect2> - <title>Age</title> - <para>The date field, when set, is used to - decide what files to delete when cleaning. If - a file or directory is older than the current - time minus the age field, it is deleted. The - field format is a series of integers each - followed by one of the following - postfixes for the respective time units:</para> - - <variablelist> - <varlistentry> - <term><varname>s</varname></term> - <term><varname>min</varname></term> - <term><varname>h</varname></term> - <term><varname>d</varname></term> - <term><varname>w</varname></term> - <term><varname>ms</varname></term> - <term><varname>m</varname></term> - <term><varname>us</varname></term></varlistentry> - </variablelist> - - <para>If multiple integers and units are specified, the time - values are summed up. If an integer is given without a unit, - s is assumed. - </para> - - <para>When the age is set to zero, the files are cleaned - unconditionally.</para> - - <para>The age field only applies to lines - starting with <varname>d</varname>, - <varname>D</varname>, and - <varname>x</varname>. If omitted or set to - <literal>-</literal>, no automatic clean-up is - done.</para> - - <para>If the age field starts with a tilde - character <literal>~</literal>, the clean-up - is only applied to files and directories one - level inside the directory specified, but not - the files and directories immediately inside - it.</para> - </refsect2> - - <refsect2> - <title>Argument</title> - - <para>For <varname>L</varname> lines - determines the destination path of the - symlink. For <varname>c</varname>, - <varname>b</varname> determines the - major/minor of the device node, with major and - minor formatted as integers, separated by - <literal>:</literal>, e.g. - <literal>1:3</literal>. For - <varname>f</varname>, <varname>F</varname>, - and <varname>w</varname> may be used to - specify a short string that is written to the - file, suffixed by a newline. For - <varname>C</varname>, specifies the source file - or directory. For <varname>t</varname> determines - extended attributes to be set. Ignored for all other lines.</para> - </refsect2> - - </refsect1> - - <refsect1> - <title>Example</title> - <example> - <title>/etc/tmpfiles.d/screen.conf example</title> - <para><command>screen</command> needs two directories created at boot with specific modes and ownership.</para> - - <programlisting>d /run/screens 1777 root root 10d -d /run/uscreens 0755 root root 10d12h -t /run/screen - - - - user.name="John Smith" security.SMACK64=screen</programlisting> - </example> - <example> - <title>/etc/tmpfiles.d/abrt.conf example</title> - <para><command>abrt</command> needs a directory created at boot with specific mode and ownership and its content should be preserved.</para> - - <programlisting>d /var/tmp/abrt 0755 abrt abrt -x /var/tmp/abrt/*</programlisting> - </example> - </refsect1> - - <refsect1> - <title>See Also</title> - <para> - <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>, - <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd-tmpfiles</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>, - <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd-delta</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>, - <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd.exec</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry> - </para> - </refsect1> + <refentryinfo> + <title>tmpfiles.d</title> + <productname>systemd</productname> + + <authorgroup> + <author> + <contrib>Documentation</contrib> + <firstname>Brandon</firstname> + <surname>Philips</surname> + <email>brandon@ifup.org</email> + </author> + </authorgroup> + </refentryinfo> + + <refmeta> + <refentrytitle>tmpfiles.d</refentrytitle> + <manvolnum>5</manvolnum> + </refmeta> + + <refnamediv> + <refname>tmpfiles.d</refname> + <refpurpose>Configuration for creation, deletion and cleaning of + volatile and temporary files</refpurpose> + </refnamediv> + + <refsynopsisdiv> + <para><filename>/etc/tmpfiles.d/*.conf</filename></para> + <para><filename>/run/tmpfiles.d/*.conf</filename></para> + <para><filename>/usr/lib/tmpfiles.d/*.conf</filename></para> + </refsynopsisdiv> + + <refsect1> + <title>Description</title> + + <para><command>systemd-tmpfiles</command> uses the configuration + files from the above directories to describe the creation, + cleaning and removal of volatile and temporary files and + directories which usually reside in directories such as + <filename>/run</filename> or <filename>/tmp</filename>.</para> + + <para>Volatile and temporary files and directories are those + located in <filename>/run</filename> (and its alias + <filename>/var/run</filename>), <filename>/tmp</filename>, + <filename>/var/tmp</filename>, the API file systems such as + <filename>/sys</filename> or <filename>/proc</filename>, as well + as some other directories below <filename>/var</filename>.</para> + + <para>System daemons frequently require private runtime + directories below <filename>/run</filename> to place communication + sockets and similar in. For these, consider declaring them in + their unit files using <varname>RuntimeDirectory=</varname> (see + <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd.exec</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry> + for details), if this is feasible.</para> + </refsect1> + + <refsect1> + <title>Configuration Format</title> + + <para>Each configuration file shall be named in the style of + <filename><replaceable>package</replaceable>.conf</filename> or + <filename><replaceable>package</replaceable>-<replaceable>part</replaceable>.conf</filename>. + The second variant should be used when it is desirable to make it + easy to override just this part of configuration.</para> + + <para>Files in <filename>/etc/tmpfiles.d</filename> override files + with the same name in <filename>/usr/lib/tmpfiles.d</filename> and + <filename>/run/tmpfiles.d</filename>. Files in + <filename>/run/tmpfiles.d</filename> override files with the same + name in <filename>/usr/lib/tmpfiles.d</filename>. Packages should + install their configuration files in + <filename>/usr/lib/tmpfiles.d</filename>. Files in + <filename>/etc/tmpfiles.d</filename> are reserved for the local + administrator, who may use this logic to override the + configuration files installed by vendor packages. All + configuration files are sorted by their filename in lexicographic + order, regardless of which of the directories they reside in. If + multiple files specify the same path, the entry in the file with + the lexicographically earliest name will be applied. All other + conflicting entries will be logged as errors. When two lines are + prefix and suffix of each other, then the prefix is always + processed first, the suffix later. Otherwise, the + files/directories are processed in the order they are + listed.</para> + + <para>If the administrator wants to disable a configuration file + supplied by the vendor, the recommended way is to place a symlink + to <filename>/dev/null</filename> in + <filename>/etc/tmpfiles.d/</filename> bearing the same filename. + </para> + + <para>The configuration format is one line per path containing + type, path, mode, ownership, age, and argument fields:</para> + + <programlisting>#Type Path Mode UID GID Age Argument + d /run/user 0755 root root 10d - + L /tmp/foobar - - - - /dev/null</programlisting> + + <refsect2> + <title>Type</title> + + <para>The type consists of a single letter and optionally an + exclamation mark.</para> + + <para>The following line types are understood:</para> + + <variablelist> + <varlistentry> + <term><varname>f</varname></term> + <listitem><para>Create a file if it does not exist yet. If + the argument parameter is given, it will be written to the + file.</para></listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry> + <term><varname>F</varname></term> + <listitem><para>Create or truncate a file. If the argument + parameter is given, it will be written to the file.</para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry> + <term><varname>w</varname></term> + <listitem><para>Write the argument parameter to a file, if + the file exists. Lines of this type accept shell-style + globs in place of normal path names. The argument parameter + will be written without a trailing newline. C-style + backslash escapes are interpreted.</para></listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry> + <term><varname>d</varname></term> + <listitem><para>Create a directory if it does not exist yet. + </para></listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry> + <term><varname>D</varname></term> + <listitem><para>Create or empty a directory.</para></listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry> + <term><varname>v</varname></term> + <listitem><para>Create a subvolume if the path does not + exist yet and the file system supports this + (btrfs). Otherwise create a normal directory, in the same + way as <varname>d</varname>.</para></listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry> + <term><varname>p</varname></term> + <term><varname>p+</varname></term> + <listitem><para>Create a named pipe (FIFO) if it does not + exist yet. If suffixed with <varname>+</varname> and a file + already exists where the pipe is to be created, it will be + removed and be replaced by the pipe.</para></listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry> + <term><varname>L</varname></term> + <term><varname>L+</varname></term> + <listitem><para>Create a symlink if it does not exist + yet. If suffixed with <varname>+</varname> and a file + already exists where the symlink is to be created, it will + be removed and be replaced by the symlink. If the argument + is omitted, symlinks to files with the same name residing in + the directory <filename>/usr/share/factory/</filename> are + created.</para></listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry> + <term><varname>c</varname></term> + <term><varname>c+</varname></term> + <listitem><para>Create a character device node if it does + not exist yet. If suffixed with <varname>+</varname> and a + file already exists where the device node is to be created, + it will be removed and be replaced by the device node. It is + recommended to suffix this entry with an exclamation mark to + only create static device nodes at boot, as udev will not + manage static device nodes that are created at runtime. + </para></listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry> + <term><varname>b</varname></term> + <term><varname>b+</varname></term> + <listitem><para>Create a block device node if it does not + exist yet. If suffixed with <varname>+</varname> and a file + already exists where the device node is to be created, it + will be removed and be replaced by the device node. It is + recommended to suffix this entry with an exclamation mark to + only create static device nodes at boot, as udev will not + manage static device nodes that are created at runtime. + </para></listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry> + <term><varname>C</varname></term> + <listitem><para>Recursively copy a file or directory, if the + destination files or directories do not exist yet. Note that + this command will not descend into subdirectories if the + destination directory already exists. Instead, the entire + copy operation is skipped. If the argument is omitted, files + from the source directory + <filename>/usr/share/factory/</filename> with the same name + are copied.</para></listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry> + <term><varname>x</varname></term> + <listitem><para>Ignore a path during cleaning. Use this type + to exclude paths from clean-up as controlled with the Age + parameter. Note that lines of this type do not influence the + effect of <varname>r</varname> or <varname>R</varname> + lines. Lines of this type accept shell-style globs in place + of normal path names. </para></listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry> + <term><varname>X</varname></term> + <listitem><para>Ignore a path during cleaning. Use this type + to exclude paths from clean-up as controlled with the Age + parameter. Unlike <varname>x</varname>, this parameter will + not exclude the content if path is a directory, but only + directory itself. Note that lines of this type do not + influence the effect of <varname>r</varname> or + <varname>R</varname> lines. Lines of this type accept + shell-style globs in place of normal path names. + </para></listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry> + <term><varname>r</varname></term> + <listitem><para>Remove a file or directory if it exists. + This may not be used to remove non-empty directories, use + <varname>R</varname> for that. Lines of this type accept + shell-style globs in place of normal path + names.</para></listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry> + <term><varname>R</varname></term> + <listitem><para>Recursively remove a path and all its + subdirectories (if it is a directory). Lines of this type + accept shell-style globs in place of normal path + names.</para></listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry> + <term><varname>z</varname></term> + <listitem><para>Adjust the access mode, group and user, and + restore the SELinux security context of a file or directory, + if it exists. Lines of this type accept shell-style globs in + place of normal path names. </para></listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry> + <term><varname>Z</varname></term> + <listitem><para>Recursively set the access mode, group and + user, and restore the SELinux security context of a file or + directory if it exists, as well as of its subdirectories and + the files contained therein (if applicable). Lines of this + type accept shell-style globs in place of normal path names. + </para></listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry> + <term><varname>t</varname></term> + <listitem><para>Set extended attributes on item. It may be + used in conjunction with other types (only + <varname>d</varname>, <varname>D</varname>, + <varname>f</varname>, <varname>F</varname>, + <varname>L</varname>, <varname>p</varname>, + <varname>c</varname>, <varname>b</varname>, makes sense). + If used as a standalone line, then + <command>systemd-tmpfiles</command> will try to set extended + attributes on specified path. This can be especially used + to set SMACK labels. </para></listitem> + </varlistentry> + </variablelist> + + <para>If the exclamation mark is used, this line is only safe of + execute during boot, and can break a running system. Lines + without the exclamation mark are presumed to be safe to execute + at any time, e.g. on package upgrades. + <command>systemd-tmpfiles</command> will execute line with an + exclamation mark only if option <option>--boot</option> is + given.</para> + + <para>For example: + <programlisting># Make sure these are created by default so that nobody else can + d /tmp/.X11-unix 1777 root root 10d + + # Unlink the X11 lock files + r! /tmp/.X[0-9]*-lock</programlisting> + The second line in contrast to the first one would break a + running system, and will only be executed with + <option>--boot</option>.</para> + </refsect2> + + <refsect2> + <title>Path</title> + + <para>The file system path specification supports simple + specifier expansion. The following expansions are + understood:</para> + + <table> + <title>Specifiers available</title> + <tgroup cols='3' align='left' colsep='1' rowsep='1'> + <colspec colname="spec" /> + <colspec colname="mean" /> + <colspec colname="detail" /> + <thead> + <row> + <entry>Specifier</entry> + <entry>Meaning</entry> + <entry>Details</entry> + </row> + </thead> + <tbody> + <row> + <entry><literal>%m</literal></entry> + <entry>Machine ID</entry> + <entry>The machine ID of the running system, formatted as string. See <citerefentry><refentrytitle>machine-id</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry> for more information.</entry> + </row> + <row> + <entry><literal>%b</literal></entry> + <entry>Boot ID</entry> + <entry>The boot ID of the running system, formatted as string. See <citerefentry><refentrytitle>random</refentrytitle><manvolnum>4</manvolnum></citerefentry> for more information.</entry> + </row> + <row> + <entry><literal>%H</literal></entry> + <entry>Host name</entry> + <entry>The hostname of the running system.</entry> + </row> + <row> + <entry><literal>%v</literal></entry> + <entry>Kernel release</entry> + <entry>Identical to <command>uname -r</command> output.</entry> + </row> + <row> + <entry><literal>%%</literal></entry> + <entry>Escaped %</entry> + <entry>Single percent sign.</entry> + </row> + </tbody> + </tgroup> + </table> + </refsect2> + + <refsect2> + <title>Mode</title> + + <para>The file access mode to use when creating this file or + directory. If omitted or when set to <literal>-</literal>, the + default is used: 0755 for directories, 0644 for all other file + objects. For <varname>z</varname>, <varname>Z</varname> lines, + if omitted or when set to <literal>-</literal>, the file access + mode will not be modified. This parameter is ignored for + <varname>x</varname>, <varname>r</varname>, + <varname>R</varname>, <varname>L</varname>, <varname>t</varname> + lines.</para> + + <para>Optionally, if prefixed with <literal>~</literal>, the + access mode is masked based on the already set access bits for + existing file or directories: if the existing file has all + executable bits unset, all executable bits are removed from the + new access mode, too. Similarly, if all read bits are removed + from the old access mode, they will be removed from the new + access mode too, and if all write bits are removed, they will be + removed from the new access mode too. In addition, the + sticky/SUID/SGID bit is removed unless applied to a + directory. This functionality is particularly useful in + conjunction with <varname>Z</varname>.</para> + </refsect2> + + <refsect2> + <title>UID, GID</title> + + <para>The user and group to use for this file or directory. This + may either be a numeric user/group ID or a user or group + name. If omitted or when set to <literal>-</literal>, the + default 0 (root) is used. For <varname>z</varname>, + <varname>Z</varname> lines, when omitted or when set to -, the + file ownership will not be modified. These parameters are + ignored for <varname>x</varname>, <varname>r</varname>, + <varname>R</varname>, <varname>L</varname>, <varname>t</varname> + lines.</para> + </refsect2> + + <refsect2> + <title>Age</title> + <para>The date field, when set, is used to decide what files to + delete when cleaning. If a file or directory is older than the + current time minus the age field, it is deleted. The field + format is a series of integers each followed by one of the + following postfixes for the respective time units:</para> + + <variablelist> + <varlistentry> + <term><varname>s</varname></term> + <term><varname>min</varname></term> + <term><varname>h</varname></term> + <term><varname>d</varname></term> + <term><varname>w</varname></term> + <term><varname>ms</varname></term> + <term><varname>m</varname></term> + <term><varname>us</varname></term></varlistentry> + </variablelist> + + <para>If multiple integers and units are specified, the time + values are summed up. If an integer is given without a unit, + <varname>s</varname> is assumed. + </para> + + <para>When the age is set to zero, the files are cleaned + unconditionally.</para> + + <para>The age field only applies to lines + starting with <varname>d</varname>, + <varname>D</varname>, and + <varname>x</varname>. If omitted or set to + <literal>-</literal>, no automatic clean-up is + done.</para> + + <para>If the age field starts with a tilde character + <literal>~</literal>, the clean-up is only applied to files and + directories one level inside the directory specified, but not + the files and directories immediately inside it.</para> + </refsect2> + + <refsect2> + <title>Argument</title> + + <para>For <varname>L</varname> lines determines the destination + path of the symlink. For <varname>c</varname>, + <varname>b</varname> determines the major/minor of the device + node, with major and minor formatted as integers, separated by + <literal>:</literal>, e.g. <literal>1:3</literal>. For + <varname>f</varname>, <varname>F</varname>, and + <varname>w</varname> may be used to specify a short string that + is written to the file, suffixed by a newline. For + <varname>C</varname>, specifies the source file or + directory. For <varname>t</varname> determines extended + attributes to be set. Ignored for all other lines.</para> + </refsect2> + + </refsect1> + + <refsect1> + <title>Example</title> + <example> + <title>/etc/tmpfiles.d/screen.conf example</title> + <para><command>screen</command> needs two directories created at + boot with specific modes and ownership.</para> + + <programlisting>d /run/screens 1777 root root 10d + d /run/uscreens 0755 root root 10d12h + t /run/screen - - - - user.name="John Smith" security.SMACK64=screen</programlisting> + </example> + <example> + <title>/etc/tmpfiles.d/abrt.conf example</title> + <para><command>abrt</command> needs a directory created at boot with specific mode and ownership and its content should be preserved.</para> + + <programlisting>d /var/tmp/abrt 0755 abrt abrt + x /var/tmp/abrt/*</programlisting> + </example> + </refsect1> + + <refsect1> + <title>See Also</title> + <para> + <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>, + <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd-tmpfiles</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>, + <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd-delta</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>, + <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd.exec</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry> + </para> + </refsect1> </refentry> |