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-<?xml version='1.0'?> <!--*-nxml-*-->
-<!DOCTYPE refentry PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.2//EN"
- "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.2/docbookx.dtd">
-
-<!--
- This file is part of systemd.
-
- Copyright 2012 Lennart Poettering
-
- systemd is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
- under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as published by
- the Free Software Foundation; either version 2.1 of the License, or
- (at your option) any later version.
-
- systemd is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but
- WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
- MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU
- Lesser General Public License for more details.
-
- You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public License
- along with systemd; If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
--->
-
-<refentry id="sd_journal_print">
-
- <refentryinfo>
- <title>sd_journal_print</title>
- <productname>systemd</productname>
-
- <authorgroup>
- <author>
- <contrib>Developer</contrib>
- <firstname>Lennart</firstname>
- <surname>Poettering</surname>
- <email>lennart@poettering.net</email>
- </author>
- </authorgroup>
- </refentryinfo>
-
- <refmeta>
- <refentrytitle>sd_journal_print</refentrytitle>
- <manvolnum>3</manvolnum>
- </refmeta>
-
- <refnamediv>
- <refname>sd_journal_print</refname>
- <refname>sd_journal_printv</refname>
- <refname>sd_journal_send</refname>
- <refname>sd_journal_sendv</refname>
- <refname>sd_journal_perror</refname>
- <refname>SD_JOURNAL_SUPPRESS_LOCATION</refname>
- <refpurpose>Submit log entries to the journal</refpurpose>
- </refnamediv>
-
- <refsynopsisdiv>
- <funcsynopsis>
- <funcsynopsisinfo>#include &lt;systemd/sd-journal.h&gt;</funcsynopsisinfo>
-
- <funcprototype>
- <funcdef>int <function>sd_journal_print</function></funcdef>
- <paramdef>int <parameter>priority</parameter></paramdef>
- <paramdef>const char* <parameter>format</parameter></paramdef>
- <paramdef>...</paramdef>
- </funcprototype>
-
- <funcprototype>
- <funcdef>int <function>sd_journal_printv</function></funcdef>
- <paramdef>int <parameter>priority</parameter></paramdef>
- <paramdef>const char* <parameter>format</parameter></paramdef>
- <paramdef>va_list <parameter>ap</parameter></paramdef>
- </funcprototype>
-
- <funcprototype>
- <funcdef>int <function>sd_journal_send</function></funcdef>
- <paramdef>const char* <parameter>format</parameter></paramdef>
- <paramdef>...</paramdef>
- </funcprototype>
-
- <funcprototype>
- <funcdef>int <function>sd_journal_sendv</function></funcdef>
- <paramdef>const struct iovec *<parameter>iov</parameter></paramdef>
- <paramdef>int <parameter>n</parameter></paramdef>
- </funcprototype>
-
- <funcprototype>
- <funcdef>int <function>sd_journal_perror</function></funcdef>
- <paramdef>const char* <parameter>message</parameter></paramdef>
- </funcprototype>
-
- </funcsynopsis>
- </refsynopsisdiv>
-
- <refsect1>
- <title>Description</title>
-
- <para><function>sd_journal_print()</function> may be
- used to submit simple, plain text log entries to the
- system journal. The first argument is a priority
- value. This is followed by a format string and its
- parameters, similar to
- <citerefentry><refentrytitle>printf</refentrytitle><manvolnum>3</manvolnum></citerefentry>
- or
- <citerefentry><refentrytitle>syslog</refentrytitle><manvolnum>3</manvolnum></citerefentry>. The
- priority value is one of
- <literal>LOG_EMERG</literal>,
- <literal>LOG_ALERT</literal>,
- <literal>LOG_CRIT</literal>,
- <literal>LOG_ERR</literal>,
- <literal>LOG_WARNING</literal>,
- <literal>LOG_NOTICE</literal>,
- <literal>LOG_INFO</literal>,
- <literal>LOG_DEBUG</literal>, as defined in
- <filename>syslog.h</filename>, see
- <citerefentry><refentrytitle>syslog</refentrytitle><manvolnum>3</manvolnum></citerefentry>
- for details. It is recommended to use this call to
- submit log messages in the application locale or system
- locale and in UTF-8 format, but no such restrictions
- are enforced.</para>
-
- <para><function>sd_journal_printv()</function> is
- similar to <function>sd_journal_print()</function> but
- takes a variable argument list encapsulated in an
- object of type <literal>va_list</literal> (see
- <citerefentry><refentrytitle>stdarg</refentrytitle><manvolnum>3</manvolnum></citerefentry>
- for more information) instead of the format string. It
- is otherwise equivalent in behavior.</para>
-
- <para><function>sd_journal_send()</function> may be
- used to submit structured log entries to the system
- journal. It takes a series of format strings, each
- immediately followed by their associated parameters,
- terminated by NULL. The strings passed should be of
- the format <literal>VARIABLE=value</literal>. The
- variable name must be in uppercase and consist only of
- characters, numbers and underscores, and may not begin
- with an underscore. (All assignments that do not
- follow this syntax will be ignored.) The value can be
- of any size and format. It is highly recommended to
- submit text strings formatted in the UTF-8 character
- encoding only, and submit binary fields only when
- formatting in UTf-8 strings is not sensible. A number
- of well known fields are defined, see
- <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd.journal-fields</refentrytitle><manvolnum>7</manvolnum></citerefentry>
- for details, but additional application defined fields
- may be used. A variable may be assigned more than one
- value per entry.</para>
-
- <para><function>sd_journal_sendv()</function> is
- similar to <function>sd_journal_send()</function> but
- takes an array of <literal>struct iovec</literal> (as
- defined in <filename>uio.h</filename>, see
- <citerefentry><refentrytitle>readv</refentrytitle><manvolnum>3</manvolnum></citerefentry>
- for details) instead of the format string. Each
- structure should reference one field of the entry to
- submit. The second argument specifies the number of
- structures in the
- array. <function>sd_journal_sendv()</function> is
- particularly useful to submit binary objects to the
- journal where that is necessary.</para>
-
- <para><function>sd_journal_perror()</function> is a
- similar to
- <citerefentry><refentrytitle>perror</refentrytitle><manvolnum>3</manvolnum></citerefentry>
- and writes a message to the journal that consists of
- the passed string, suffixed with ": " and a human
- readable representation of the current error code
- stored in
- <citerefentry><refentrytitle>errno</refentrytitle><manvolnum>3</manvolnum></citerefentry>. If
- the message string is passed as NULL or empty string
- only the error string representation will be written,
- prefixed with nothing. An additional journal field
- ERRNO= is included in the entry containing the numeric
- error code formatted as decimal string. The log
- priority used is <literal>LOG_ERR</literal> (3).</para>
-
- <para>Note that <function>sd_journal_send()</function>
- is a wrapper around
- <function>sd_journal_sendv()</function> to make it
- easier to use when only text strings shall be
- submitted. Also, the following two calls are
- mostly equivalent:</para>
-
- <programlisting>sd_journal_print(LOG_INFO, "Hello World, this is PID %lu!", (unsigned long) getpid());
-
-sd_journal_send("MESSAGE=Hello World, this is PID %lu!", (unsigned long) getpid(),
- "PRIORITY=%i", LOG_INFO,
- NULL);</programlisting>
-
- <para>Note that these calls implicitly add fields for
- the source file, function name and code line where
- invoked. This is implemented with macros. If this is
- not desired it can be turned off by defining
- SD_JOURNAL_SUPPRESS_LOCATION before including
- <filename>sd-journal.h</filename>.</para>
-
- <para><citerefentry><refentrytitle>syslog</refentrytitle><manvolnum>3</manvolnum></citerefentry>
- and <function>sd_journal_print()</function> may
- largely be used interchangeably
- functionality-wise. However, note that log messages
- logged via the former take a different path to the
- journal server than the later, and hence global
- chronological ordering between the two streams cannot
- be guaranteed. Using
- <function>sd_journal_print()</function> has the
- benefit of logging source code line, file names, and
- functions as meta data along all entries, and
- guaranteeing chronological ordering with structured
- log entries that are generated via
- <function>sd_journal_send()</function>. Using
- <function>syslog()</function> has the benefit of being
- more portable.</para>
- </refsect1>
-
- <refsect1>
- <title>Return Value</title>
-
- <para>The four calls return 0 on success or a negative
- errno-style error code. The
- <citerefentry><refentrytitle>errno</refentrytitle><manvolnum>3</manvolnum></citerefentry>
- variable itself is not altered.</para>
- </refsect1>
-
- <refsect1>
- <title>Notes</title>
-
- <para>The <function>sd_journal_print()</function>,
- <function>sd_journal_printv()</function>,
- <function>sd_journal_send()</function> and
- <function>sd_journal_sendv()</function> interfaces
- are available as shared library, which can be compiled
- and linked to with the
- <literal>libsystemd-journal</literal>
- <citerefentry><refentrytitle>pkg-config</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>
- file.</para>
- </refsect1>
-
- <refsect1>
- <title>See Also</title>
-
- <para>
- <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
- <citerefentry><refentrytitle>sd-journal</refentrytitle><manvolnum>3</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
- <citerefentry><refentrytitle>sd_journal_stream_fd</refentrytitle><manvolnum>3</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
- <citerefentry><refentrytitle>syslog</refentrytitle><manvolnum>3</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
- <citerefentry><refentrytitle>perror</refentrytitle><manvolnum>3</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
- <citerefentry><refentrytitle>errno</refentrytitle><manvolnum>3</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
- <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd.journal-fields</refentrytitle><manvolnum>7</manvolnum></citerefentry>
- </para>
- </refsect1>
-
-</refentry>