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-rw-r--r--man/loginctl.xml10
-rw-r--r--man/machinectl.xml7
-rw-r--r--man/nss-myhostname.xml7
-rw-r--r--man/systemctl.xml10
-rw-r--r--man/systemd-resolved.service.xml7
-rw-r--r--man/systemd-run.xml6
-rw-r--r--man/systemd.offline-updates.xml169
-rw-r--r--man/systemd.resource-control.xml24
8 files changed, 219 insertions, 21 deletions
diff --git a/man/loginctl.xml b/man/loginctl.xml
index f41acc6a1b..7f7252a5d9 100644
--- a/man/loginctl.xml
+++ b/man/loginctl.xml
@@ -94,6 +94,16 @@
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry>
+ <term><option>--value</option></term>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para>When printing properties with <command>show</command>,
+ only print the value, and skip the property name and
+ <literal>=</literal>.</para>
+ </listitem>
+ </varlistentry>
+
+ <varlistentry>
<term><option>-a</option></term>
<term><option>--all</option></term>
diff --git a/man/machinectl.xml b/man/machinectl.xml
index 967ca01470..cee4bb72ce 100644
--- a/man/machinectl.xml
+++ b/man/machinectl.xml
@@ -136,6 +136,13 @@
(<literal>.</literal>).</para></listitem>
</varlistentry>
+ <varlistentry>
+ <term><option>--value</option></term>
+
+ <listitem><para>When printing properties with <command>show</command>, only print the value,
+ and skip the property name and <literal>=</literal>.</para></listitem>
+ </varlistentry>
+
<varlistentry>
<term><option>-l</option></term>
<term><option>--full</option></term>
diff --git a/man/nss-myhostname.xml b/man/nss-myhostname.xml
index f8837745ae..a920ec334f 100644
--- a/man/nss-myhostname.xml
+++ b/man/nss-myhostname.xml
@@ -70,9 +70,10 @@
is on the local loopback) and the IPv6 address ::1 (which is the
local host).</para></listitem>
- <listitem><para>The hostname <literal>localhost</literal> (as well as any hostname ending in
- <literal>.localhost</literal>, <literal>.localdomain</literal> or equal to <literal>localdomain</literal>) is
- resolved to the IP addresses 127.0.0.1 and ::1.</para></listitem>
+ <listitem><para>The hostnames <literal>localhost</literal> and
+ <literal>localhost.localdomain</literal> (as well as any hostname
+ ending in <literal>.localhost</literal> or <literal>.localhost.localdomain</literal>)
+ are resolved to the IP addresses 127.0.0.1 and ::1.</para></listitem>
<listitem><para>The hostname <literal>gateway</literal> is
resolved to all current default routing gateway addresses,
diff --git a/man/systemctl.xml b/man/systemctl.xml
index 1480bf8380..089fb0f5c3 100644
--- a/man/systemctl.xml
+++ b/man/systemctl.xml
@@ -233,6 +233,16 @@
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry>
+ <term><option>--value</option></term>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para>When printing properties with <command>show</command>,
+ only print the value, and skip the property name and
+ <literal>=</literal>.</para>
+ </listitem>
+ </varlistentry>
+
+ <varlistentry>
<term><option>--show-types</option></term>
<listitem>
diff --git a/man/systemd-resolved.service.xml b/man/systemd-resolved.service.xml
index 7a9e23a2c6..829729ca09 100644
--- a/man/systemd-resolved.service.xml
+++ b/man/systemd-resolved.service.xml
@@ -87,9 +87,10 @@
is on the local loopback) and the IPv6 address ::1 (which is the
local host).</para></listitem>
- <listitem><para>The hostname <literal>localhost</literal> (as well as any hostname ending in
- <literal>.localhost</literal>, <literal>.localdomain</literal> or equal to <literal>localdomain</literal>) is
- resolved to the IP addresses 127.0.0.1 and ::1.</para></listitem>
+ <listitem><para>The hostnames <literal>localhost</literal> and
+ <literal>localhost.localdomain</literal> (as well as any hostname
+ ending in <literal>.localhost</literal> or <literal>.localhost.localdomain</literal>)
+ are resolved to the IP addresses 127.0.0.1 and ::1.</para></listitem>
<listitem><para>The hostname <literal>gateway</literal> is
resolved to all current default routing gateway addresses,
diff --git a/man/systemd-run.xml b/man/systemd-run.xml
index a92dfb402a..473f83eac6 100644
--- a/man/systemd-run.xml
+++ b/man/systemd-run.xml
@@ -345,7 +345,7 @@
provided by systemd to services:</para>
<programlisting># systemd-run env
-Running as unit run-19945.service
+Running as unit: run-19945.service
# journalctl -u run-19945.service
Sep 08 07:37:21 bupkis systemd[1]: Starting /usr/bin/env...
Sep 08 07:37:21 bupkis systemd[1]: Started /usr/bin/env.
@@ -366,8 +366,8 @@ Sep 08 07:37:21 bupkis env[19948]: BOOT_IMAGE=/vmlinuz-3.11.0-0.rc5.git6.2.fc20.
<programlisting># date; systemd-run --on-active=30 --timer-property=AccuracySec=100ms /bin/touch /tmp/foo
Mon Dec 8 20:44:24 KST 2014
-Running as unit run-71.timer
-Will run service as unit run-71.service
+Running as unit: run-71.timer
+Will run service as unit: run-71.service
# journalctl -b -u run-71.timer
-- Logs begin at Fri 2014-12-05 19:09:21 KST, end at Mon 2014-12-08 20:44:54 KST. --
Dec 08 20:44:38 container systemd[1]: Starting /bin/touch /tmp/foo.
diff --git a/man/systemd.offline-updates.xml b/man/systemd.offline-updates.xml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..946234ad90
--- /dev/null
+++ b/man/systemd.offline-updates.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,169 @@
+<?xml version='1.0'?> <!--*-nxml-*-->
+<!DOCTYPE refentry PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.2//EN"
+ "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.2/docbookx.dtd">
+
+<!--
+ This file is part of systemd.
+
+ Copyright 2013 Lennart Poettering
+ Copyright 2016 Zbigniew Jędrzejewski-Szmek
+
+ systemd is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as published by
+ the Free Software Foundation; either version 2.1 of the License, or
+ (at your option) any later version.
+
+ systemd is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but
+ WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+ MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU
+ Lesser General Public License for more details.
+
+ You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public License
+ along with systemd; If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+-->
+
+<refentry id="systemd.offline-updates">
+ <refentryinfo>
+ <title>systemd.offline-updates</title>
+ <productname>systemd</productname>
+
+ <authorgroup>
+ <author>
+ <contrib>Developer</contrib>
+ <firstname>Lennart</firstname>
+ <surname>Poettering</surname>
+ <email>lennart@poettering.net</email>
+ </author>
+ </authorgroup>
+ </refentryinfo>
+
+ <refmeta>
+ <refentrytitle>systemd.offline-updates</refentrytitle>
+ <manvolnum>7</manvolnum>
+ </refmeta>
+
+ <refnamediv>
+ <refname>systemd.offline-updates</refname>
+ <refpurpose>Implementation of offline updates in systemd</refpurpose>
+ </refnamediv>
+
+ <refsect1>
+ <title>Implementing Offline System Updates</title>
+
+ <para>This man page describes how to implement "offline" system updates with systemd. By "offline"
+ OS updates we mean package installations and updates that are run with the system booted into a
+ special system update mode, in order to avoid problems related to conflicts of libraries and
+ services that are currently running with those on disk. This document is inspired by this
+ <ulink url="https://wiki.gnome.org/Design/OS/SoftwareUpdates">GNOME design whiteboard</ulink>.
+ </para>
+
+ <para>The logic:</para>
+
+ <orderedlist>
+ <listitem>
+ <para>The package manager prepares system updates by downloading all (RPM or DEB or
+ whatever) packages to update off-line in a special directory
+ <filename noindex="true">/var/lib/system-update</filename> (or
+ another directory of the package/upgrade manager's choice).</para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para>When the user OK'ed the update, the symlink <filename>/system-update</filename> is
+ created that points to <filename noindex="true">/var/lib/system-update</filename> (or
+ wherever the directory with the upgrade files is located) and the system is rebooted. This
+ symlink is in the root directory, since we need to check for it very early at boot, at a
+ time where <filename>/var</filename> is not available yet.</para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para>Very early in the new boot
+ <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd-update-generator</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>
+ checks whether <filename>/system-update</filename> exists. If so, it (temporarily and for
+ this boot only) redirects (i.e. symlinks) <filename>default.target</filename> to
+ <filename>system-update.target</filename>, a special target that is pulls in the base system
+ (i.e. <filename>sysinit.target</filename>, so that all file systems are mounted but little
+ else) and the system update units.</para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para>The system now continues to boot into <filename>default.target</filename>, and thus
+ into <filename>system-update.target</filename>. This target pulls in the system update unit,
+ which starts the system update script after all file systems have been mounted.</para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para>As the first step, the update script should check if the
+ <filename>/system-update</filename> symlink points to the the location used by that update
+ script. In case it does not exists or points to a different location, the script must exit
+ without error. It is possible for multiple update services to be installed, and for multiple
+ update scripts to be launched in parallel, and only the one that corresponds to the tool
+ that <emphasis>created</emphasis> the symlink before reboot should perform any actions. It
+ is unsafe to run multiple updates in parallel.</para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para>The update script should now do its job. If applicable and possible, it should
+ create a file system snapshot, then install all packages.
+ After completion (regardless whether the update succeeded or failed) the machine
+ must be rebooted, for example by calling <command>systemctl reboot</command>.
+ In addition, on failure the script should revert to the old file system snapshot
+ (without the symlink).</para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para>The system is rebooted. Since the <filename>/system-update</filename> symlink is gone,
+ the generator won't redirect <filename>default.target</filename> after reboot and the
+ system now boots into the default target again.</para>
+ </listitem>
+ </orderedlist>
+ </refsect1>
+
+ <refsect1>
+ <title>Recommendations</title>
+
+ <orderedlist>
+ <listitem>
+ <para>To make things a bit more robust we recommend hooking the update script into
+ <filename>system-update.target</filename> via a <filename noindex='true'>.wants/</filename>
+ symlink in the distribution package, rather than depending on <command>systemctl
+ enable</command> in the postinst scriptlets of your package. More specifically, for your
+ update script create a .service file, without [Install] section, and then add a symlink like
+ <filename noindex='true'>/usr/lib/systemd/system-update.target.wants/foobar.service</filename>
+ → <filename noindex='true'>../foobar.service</filename> to your package.</para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para>Make sure to remove the <filename>/system-update</filename> symlink as early as
+ possible in the update script to avoid reboot loops in case the update fails.</para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para>Use <varname>FailureAction=reboot</varname> in the service file for your update script
+ to ensure that a reboot is automatically triggered if the update fails.
+ <varname>FailureAction=</varname> makes sure that the specified unit is activated if your
+ script exits uncleanly (by non-zero error code, or signal/coredump). If your script succeeds
+ you should trigger the reboot in your own code, for example by invoking logind's
+ <command>Reboot()</command> call or calling <command>systemct reboot</command>. See
+ <ulink url="http://www.freedesktop.org/wiki/Software/systemd/logind">logind dbus API</ulink>
+ for details.</para>
+ </listitem>
+
+ <listitem>
+ <para>The update service should declare <varname>DefaultDependencies=false</varname>,
+ and pull in any services it requires explicitly.</para>
+ </listitem>
+ </orderedlist>
+ </refsect1>
+
+ <refsect1>
+ <title>See also</title>
+
+ <para>
+ <ulink url="http://www.freedesktop.org/wiki/Software/systemd/SystemUpdates/">Implementing Offline System Updates</ulink>,
+ <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
+ <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd.generator</refentrytitle><manvolnum>7</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
+ <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd-update-generator</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
+ <citerefentry><refentrytitle>dnf.plugin.system-upgrade</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>
+ </para>
+ </refsect1>
+</refentry>
diff --git a/man/systemd.resource-control.xml b/man/systemd.resource-control.xml
index 08cdf06e23..fd6f7a1b69 100644
--- a/man/systemd.resource-control.xml
+++ b/man/systemd.resource-control.xml
@@ -202,7 +202,7 @@
controls the <literal>memory.limit_in_bytes</literal>
control group attribute. For details about this control
group attribute, see <ulink
- url="https://www.kernel.org/doc/Documentation/cgroups/memory.txt">memory.txt</ulink>.</para>
+ url="https://www.kernel.org/doc/Documentation/cgroup-v1/memory.txt">memory.txt</ulink>.</para>
<para>Implies <literal>MemoryAccounting=true</literal>.</para>
</listitem>
@@ -239,7 +239,7 @@
controls the <literal>pids.max</literal> control group
attribute. For details about this control group attribute,
see <ulink
- url="https://www.kernel.org/doc/Documentation/cgroups/pids.txt">pids.txt</ulink>.</para>
+ url="https://www.kernel.org/doc/Documentation/cgroup-v1/pids.txt">pids.txt</ulink>.</para>
<para>Implies <literal>TasksAccounting=true</literal>. The
system default for this setting may be controlled with
@@ -273,7 +273,7 @@
the <literal>blkio.weight</literal> control group attribute,
which defaults to 500. For details about this control group
attribute, see <ulink
- url="https://www.kernel.org/doc/Documentation/cgroups/blkio-controller.txt">blkio-controller.txt</ulink>.
+ url="https://www.kernel.org/doc/Documentation/cgroup-v1/blkio-controller.txt">blkio-controller.txt</ulink>.
The available I/O bandwidth is split up among all units within
one slice relative to their block I/O weight.</para>
@@ -305,7 +305,7 @@
attribute, which defaults to 1000. Use this option multiple
times to set weights for multiple devices. For details about
this control group attribute, see <ulink
- url="https://www.kernel.org/doc/Documentation/cgroups/blkio-controller.txt">blkio-controller.txt</ulink>.</para>
+ url="https://www.kernel.org/doc/Documentation/cgroup-v1/blkio-controller.txt">blkio-controller.txt</ulink>.</para>
<para>Implies
<literal>BlockIOAccounting=true</literal>.</para>
@@ -328,12 +328,12 @@
Gigabytes, or Terabytes, respectively, to the base of
1000. (Example:
"/dev/disk/by-path/pci-0000:00:1f.2-scsi-0:0:0:0 5M"). This
- controls the <literal>blkio.read_bps_device</literal> and
- <literal>blkio.write_bps_device</literal> control group
+ controls the <literal>blkio.throttle.read_bps_device</literal> and
+ <literal>blkio.throttle.write_bps_device</literal> control group
attributes. Use this option multiple times to set bandwidth
limits for multiple devices. For details about these control
group attributes, see <ulink
- url="https://www.kernel.org/doc/Documentation/cgroups/blkio-controller.txt">blkio-controller.txt</ulink>.
+ url="https://www.kernel.org/doc/Documentation/cgroup-v1/blkio-controller.txt">blkio-controller.txt</ulink>.
</para>
<para>Implies
@@ -357,7 +357,7 @@
<literal>devices.deny</literal> control group
attributes. For details about these control group
attributes, see <ulink
- url="https://www.kernel.org/doc/Documentation/cgroups/devices.txt">devices.txt</ulink>.</para>
+ url="https://www.kernel.org/doc/Documentation/cgroup-v1/devices.txt">devices.txt</ulink>.</para>
<para>The device node specifier is either a path to a device
node in the file system, starting with
@@ -482,10 +482,10 @@
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd.directives</refentrytitle><manvolnum>7</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd.special</refentrytitle><manvolnum>7</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
The documentation for control groups and specific controllers in the Linux kernel:
- <ulink url="https://www.kernel.org/doc/Documentation/cgroups/cgroups.txt">cgroups.txt</ulink>,
- <ulink url="https://www.kernel.org/doc/Documentation/cgroups/cpuacct.txt">cpuacct.txt</ulink>,
- <ulink url="https://www.kernel.org/doc/Documentation/cgroups/memory.txt">memory.txt</ulink>,
- <ulink url="https://www.kernel.org/doc/Documentation/cgroups/blkio-controller.txt">blkio-controller.txt</ulink>.
+ <ulink url="https://www.kernel.org/doc/Documentation/cgroup-v1/cgroups.txt">cgroups.txt</ulink>,
+ <ulink url="https://www.kernel.org/doc/Documentation/cgroup-v1/cpuacct.txt">cpuacct.txt</ulink>,
+ <ulink url="https://www.kernel.org/doc/Documentation/cgroup-v1/memory.txt">memory.txt</ulink>,
+ <ulink url="https://www.kernel.org/doc/Documentation/cgroup-v1/blkio-controller.txt">blkio-controller.txt</ulink>.
</para>
</refsect1>
</refentry>
generated by cgit v1.2.3-54-g00ecf (git 2.45.2) at 2024-12-15 04:08:38 +0000