diff options
Diffstat (limited to 'src/udev/util.c')
| -rw-r--r-- | src/udev/util.c | 6215 |
1 files changed, 6215 insertions, 0 deletions
diff --git a/src/udev/util.c b/src/udev/util.c new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..6d826b6f5e --- /dev/null +++ b/src/udev/util.c @@ -0,0 +1,6215 @@ +/*-*- Mode: C; c-basic-offset: 8; indent-tabs-mode: nil -*-*/ + +/*** + This file is part of systemd. + + Copyright 2010 Lennart Poettering + + systemd is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it + under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as published by + the Free Software Foundation; either version 2.1 of the License, or + (at your option) any later version. + + systemd is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but + WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of + MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU + Lesser General Public License for more details. + + You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public License + along with systemd; If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>. +***/ + +#include <assert.h> +#include <string.h> +#include <unistd.h> +#include <errno.h> +#include <stdlib.h> +#include <signal.h> +#include <stdio.h> +#include <syslog.h> +#include <sched.h> +#include <sys/resource.h> +#include <linux/sched.h> +#include <sys/types.h> +#include <sys/stat.h> +#include <fcntl.h> +#include <dirent.h> +#include <sys/ioctl.h> +#include <linux/vt.h> +#include <linux/tiocl.h> +#include <termios.h> +#include <stdarg.h> +#include <sys/inotify.h> +#include <sys/poll.h> +#include <libgen.h> +#include <ctype.h> +#include <sys/prctl.h> +#include <sys/utsname.h> +#include <pwd.h> +#include <netinet/ip.h> +#include <linux/kd.h> +#include <dlfcn.h> +#include <sys/wait.h> +#include <sys/time.h> +#include <glob.h> +#include <grp.h> +#include <sys/mman.h> +#include <sys/vfs.h> +#include <linux/magic.h> +#include <limits.h> +#include <langinfo.h> +#include <locale.h> + +#include "macro.h" +#include "util.h" +#include "ioprio.h" +#include "missing.h" +#include "log.h" +#include "strv.h" +#include "label.h" +#include "path-util.h" +#include "exit-status.h" +#include "hashmap.h" + +int saved_argc = 0; +char **saved_argv = NULL; + +static volatile unsigned cached_columns = 0; +static volatile unsigned cached_lines = 0; + +bool is_efiboot(void) { + return access("/sys/firmware/efi", F_OK) >= 0; +} + +size_t page_size(void) { + static __thread size_t pgsz = 0; + long r; + + if (_likely_(pgsz > 0)) + return pgsz; + + r = sysconf(_SC_PAGESIZE); + assert(r > 0); + + pgsz = (size_t) r; + return pgsz; +} + +bool streq_ptr(const char *a, const char *b) { + + /* Like streq(), but tries to make sense of NULL pointers */ + + if (a && b) + return streq(a, b); + + if (!a && !b) + return true; + + return false; +} + +usec_t now(clockid_t clock_id) { + struct timespec ts; + + assert_se(clock_gettime(clock_id, &ts) == 0); + + return timespec_load(&ts); +} + +dual_timestamp* dual_timestamp_get(dual_timestamp *ts) { + assert(ts); + + ts->realtime = now(CLOCK_REALTIME); + ts->monotonic = now(CLOCK_MONOTONIC); + + return ts; +} + +dual_timestamp* dual_timestamp_from_realtime(dual_timestamp *ts, usec_t u) { + int64_t delta; + assert(ts); + + ts->realtime = u; + + if (u == 0) + ts->monotonic = 0; + else { + delta = (int64_t) now(CLOCK_REALTIME) - (int64_t) u; + + ts->monotonic = now(CLOCK_MONOTONIC); + + if ((int64_t) ts->monotonic > delta) + ts->monotonic -= delta; + else + ts->monotonic = 0; + } + + return ts; +} + +usec_t timespec_load(const struct timespec *ts) { + assert(ts); + + if (ts->tv_sec == (time_t) -1 && + ts->tv_nsec == (long) -1) + return (usec_t) -1; + + if ((usec_t) ts->tv_sec > (UINT64_MAX - (ts->tv_nsec / NSEC_PER_USEC)) / USEC_PER_SEC) + return (usec_t) -1; + + return + (usec_t) ts->tv_sec * USEC_PER_SEC + + (usec_t) ts->tv_nsec / NSEC_PER_USEC; +} + +struct timespec *timespec_store(struct timespec *ts, usec_t u) { + assert(ts); + + if (u == (usec_t) -1) { + ts->tv_sec = (time_t) -1; + ts->tv_nsec = (long) -1; + return ts; + } + + ts->tv_sec = (time_t) (u / USEC_PER_SEC); + ts->tv_nsec = (long int) ((u % USEC_PER_SEC) * NSEC_PER_USEC); + + return ts; +} + +usec_t timeval_load(const struct timeval *tv) { + assert(tv); + + if (tv->tv_sec == (time_t) -1 && + tv->tv_usec == (suseconds_t) -1) + return (usec_t) -1; + + if ((usec_t) tv->tv_sec > (UINT64_MAX - tv->tv_usec) / USEC_PER_SEC) + return (usec_t) -1; + + return + (usec_t) tv->tv_sec * USEC_PER_SEC + + (usec_t) tv->tv_usec; +} + +struct timeval *timeval_store(struct timeval *tv, usec_t u) { + assert(tv); + + if (u == (usec_t) -1) { + tv->tv_sec = (time_t) -1; + tv->tv_usec = (suseconds_t) -1; + return tv; + } + + tv->tv_sec = (time_t) (u / USEC_PER_SEC); + tv->tv_usec = (suseconds_t) (u % USEC_PER_SEC); + + return tv; +} + +char* endswith(const char *s, const char *postfix) { + size_t sl, pl; + + assert(s); + assert(postfix); + + sl = strlen(s); + pl = strlen(postfix); + + if (pl == 0) + return (char*) s + sl; + + if (sl < pl) + return NULL; + + if (memcmp(s + sl - pl, postfix, pl) != 0) + return NULL; + + return (char*) s + sl - pl; +} + +char* startswith(const char *s, const char *prefix) { + const char *a, *b; + + assert(s); + assert(prefix); + + a = s, b = prefix; + for (;;) { + if (*b == 0) + return (char*) a; + if (*a != *b) + return NULL; + + a++, b++; + } +} + +char* startswith_no_case(const char *s, const char *prefix) { + const char *a, *b; + + assert(s); + assert(prefix); + + a = s, b = prefix; + for (;;) { + if (*b == 0) + return (char*) a; + if (tolower(*a) != tolower(*b)) + return NULL; + + a++, b++; + } +} + +bool first_word(const char *s, const char *word) { + size_t sl, wl; + + assert(s); + assert(word); + + sl = strlen(s); + wl = strlen(word); + + if (sl < wl) + return false; + + if (wl == 0) + return true; + + if (memcmp(s, word, wl) != 0) + return false; + + return s[wl] == 0 || + strchr(WHITESPACE, s[wl]); +} + +int close_nointr(int fd) { + assert(fd >= 0); + + for (;;) { + int r; + + r = close(fd); + if (r >= 0) + return r; + + if (errno != EINTR) + return -errno; + } +} + +void close_nointr_nofail(int fd) { + int saved_errno = errno; + + /* like close_nointr() but cannot fail, and guarantees errno + * is unchanged */ + + assert_se(close_nointr(fd) == 0); + + errno = saved_errno; +} + +void close_many(const int fds[], unsigned n_fd) { + unsigned i; + + for (i = 0; i < n_fd; i++) + close_nointr_nofail(fds[i]); +} + +int parse_boolean(const char *v) { + assert(v); + + if (streq(v, "1") || v[0] == 'y' || v[0] == 'Y' || v[0] == 't' || v[0] == 'T' || !strcasecmp(v, "on")) + return 1; + else if (streq(v, "0") || v[0] == 'n' || v[0] == 'N' || v[0] == 'f' || v[0] == 'F' || !strcasecmp(v, "off")) + return 0; + + return -EINVAL; +} + +int parse_pid(const char *s, pid_t* ret_pid) { + unsigned long ul = 0; + pid_t pid; + int r; + + assert(s); + assert(ret_pid); + + r = safe_atolu(s, &ul); + if (r < 0) + return r; + + pid = (pid_t) ul; + + if ((unsigned long) pid != ul) + return -ERANGE; + + if (pid <= 0) + return -ERANGE; + + *ret_pid = pid; + return 0; +} + +int parse_uid(const char *s, uid_t* ret_uid) { + unsigned long ul = 0; + uid_t uid; + int r; + + assert(s); + assert(ret_uid); + + r = safe_atolu(s, &ul); + if (r < 0) + return r; + + uid = (uid_t) ul; + + if ((unsigned long) uid != ul) + return -ERANGE; + + *ret_uid = uid; + return 0; +} + +int safe_atou(const char *s, unsigned *ret_u) { + char *x = NULL; + unsigned long l; + + assert(s); + assert(ret_u); + + errno = 0; + l = strtoul(s, &x, 0); + + if (!x || x == s || *x || errno) + return errno ? -errno : -EINVAL; + + if ((unsigned long) (unsigned) l != l) + return -ERANGE; + + *ret_u = (unsigned) l; + return 0; +} + +int safe_atoi(const char *s, int *ret_i) { + char *x = NULL; + long l; + + assert(s); + assert(ret_i); + + errno = 0; + l = strtol(s, &x, 0); + + if (!x || x == s || *x || errno) + return errno ? -errno : -EINVAL; + + if ((long) (int) l != l) + return -ERANGE; + + *ret_i = (int) l; + return 0; +} + +int safe_atollu(const char *s, long long unsigned *ret_llu) { + char *x = NULL; + unsigned long long l; + + assert(s); + assert(ret_llu); + + errno = 0; + l = strtoull(s, &x, 0); + + if (!x || x == s || *x || errno) + return errno ? -errno : -EINVAL; + + *ret_llu = l; + return 0; +} + +int safe_atolli(const char *s, long long int *ret_lli) { + char *x = NULL; + long long l; + + assert(s); + assert(ret_lli); + + errno = 0; + l = strtoll(s, &x, 0); + + if (!x || x == s || *x || errno) + return errno ? -errno : -EINVAL; + + *ret_lli = l; + return 0; +} + +/* Split a string into words. */ +char *split(const char *c, size_t *l, const char *separator, char **state) { + char *current; + + current = *state ? *state : (char*) c; + + if (!*current || *c == 0) + return NULL; + + current += strspn(current, separator); + *l = strcspn(current, separator); + *state = current+*l; + + return (char*) current; +} + +/* Split a string into words, but consider strings enclosed in '' and + * "" as words even if they include spaces. */ +char *split_quoted(const char *c, size_t *l, char **state) { + char *current, *e; + bool escaped = false; + + current = *state ? *state : (char*) c; + + if (!*current || *c == 0) + return NULL; + + current += strspn(current, WHITESPACE); + + if (*current == '\'') { + current ++; + + for (e = current; *e; e++) { + if (escaped) + escaped = false; + else if (*e == '\\') + escaped = true; + else if (*e == '\'') + break; + } + + *l = e-current; + *state = *e == 0 ? e : e+1; + } else if (*current == '\"') { + current ++; + + for (e = current; *e; e++) { + if (escaped) + escaped = false; + else if (*e == '\\') + escaped = true; + else if (*e == '\"') + break; + } + + *l = e-current; + *state = *e == 0 ? e : e+1; + } else { + for (e = current; *e; e++) { + if (escaped) + escaped = false; + else if (*e == '\\') + escaped = true; + else if (strchr(WHITESPACE, *e)) + break; + } + *l = e-current; + *state = e; + } + + return (char*) current; +} + +int get_parent_of_pid(pid_t pid, pid_t *_ppid) { + int r; + _cleanup_fclose_ FILE *f = NULL; + char fn[PATH_MAX], line[LINE_MAX], *p; + long unsigned ppid; + + assert(pid > 0); + assert(_ppid); + + assert_se(snprintf(fn, sizeof(fn)-1, "/proc/%lu/stat", (unsigned long) pid) < (int) (sizeof(fn)-1)); + char_array_0(fn); + + f = fopen(fn, "re"); + if (!f) + return -errno; + + if (!fgets(line, sizeof(line), f)) { + r = feof(f) ? -EIO : -errno; + fclose(f); + return r; + } + + /* Let's skip the pid and comm fields. The latter is enclosed + * in () but does not escape any () in its value, so let's + * skip over it manually */ + + p = strrchr(line, ')'); + if (!p) + return -EIO; + + p++; + + if (sscanf(p, " " + "%*c " /* state */ + "%lu ", /* ppid */ + &ppid) != 1) + return -EIO; + + if ((long unsigned) (pid_t) ppid != ppid) + return -ERANGE; + + *_ppid = (pid_t) ppid; + + return 0; +} + +int get_starttime_of_pid(pid_t pid, unsigned long long *st) { + _cleanup_fclose_ FILE *f = NULL; + char fn[PATH_MAX], line[LINE_MAX], *p; + + assert(pid > 0); + assert(st); + + assert_se(snprintf(fn, sizeof(fn)-1, "/proc/%lu/stat", (unsigned long) pid) < (int) (sizeof(fn)-1)); + char_array_0(fn); + + f = fopen(fn, "re"); + if (!f) + return -errno; + + if (!fgets(line, sizeof(line), f)) { + if (ferror(f)) + return -errno; + + return -EIO; + } + + /* Let's skip the pid and comm fields. The latter is enclosed + * in () but does not escape any () in its value, so let's + * skip over it manually */ + + p = strrchr(line, ')'); + if (!p) + return -EIO; + + p++; + + if (sscanf(p, " " + "%*c " /* state */ + "%*d " /* ppid */ + "%*d " /* pgrp */ + "%*d " /* session */ + "%*d " /* tty_nr */ + "%*d " /* tpgid */ + "%*u " /* flags */ + "%*u " /* minflt */ + "%*u " /* cminflt */ + "%*u " /* majflt */ + "%*u " /* cmajflt */ + "%*u " /* utime */ + "%*u " /* stime */ + "%*d " /* cutime */ + "%*d " /* cstime */ + "%*d " /* priority */ + "%*d " /* nice */ + "%*d " /* num_threads */ + "%*d " /* itrealvalue */ + "%llu " /* starttime */, + st) != 1) + return -EIO; + + return 0; +} + +int write_one_line_file(const char *fn, const char *line) { + _cleanup_fclose_ FILE *f = NULL; + + assert(fn); + assert(line); + + f = fopen(fn, "we"); + if (!f) + return -errno; + + errno = 0; + if (fputs(line, f) < 0) + return errno ? -errno : -EIO; + + if (!endswith(line, "\n")) + fputc('\n', f); + + fflush(f); + + if (ferror(f)) + return errno ? -errno : -EIO; + + return 0; +} + +int fchmod_umask(int fd, mode_t m) { + mode_t u; + int r; + + u = umask(0777); + r = fchmod(fd, m & (~u)) < 0 ? -errno : 0; + umask(u); + + return r; +} + +int write_one_line_file_atomic(const char *fn, const char *line) { + FILE *f; + int r; + char *p; + + assert(fn); + assert(line); + + r = fopen_temporary(fn, &f, &p); + if (r < 0) + return r; + + fchmod_umask(fileno(f), 0644); + + errno = 0; + if (fputs(line, f) < 0) { + r = -errno; + goto finish; + } + + if (!endswith(line, "\n")) + fputc('\n', f); + + fflush(f); + + if (ferror(f)) { + if (errno != 0) + r = -errno; + else + r = -EIO; + } else { + if (rename(p, fn) < 0) + r = -errno; + else + r = 0; + } + +finish: + if (r < 0) + unlink(p); + + fclose(f); + free(p); + + return r; +} + +int read_one_line_file(const char *fn, char **line) { + _cleanup_fclose_ FILE *f = NULL; + char t[LINE_MAX], *c; + + assert(fn); + assert(line); + + f = fopen(fn, "re"); + if (!f) + return -errno; + + if (!fgets(t, sizeof(t), f)) { + + if (ferror(f)) + return errno ? -errno : -EIO; + + t[0] = 0; + } + + c = strdup(t); + if (!c) + return -ENOMEM; + truncate_nl(c); + + *line = c; + return 0; +} + +int read_full_file(const char *fn, char **contents, size_t *size) { + _cleanup_fclose_ FILE *f = NULL; + size_t n, l; + _cleanup_free_ char *buf = NULL; + struct stat st; + + f = fopen(fn, "re"); + if (!f) + return -errno; + + if (fstat(fileno(f), &st) < 0) + return -errno; + + /* Safety check */ + if (st.st_size > 4*1024*1024) + return -E2BIG; + + n = st.st_size > 0 ? st.st_size : LINE_MAX; + l = 0; + + for (;;) { + char *t; + size_t k; + + t = realloc(buf, n+1); + if (!t) + return -ENOMEM; + + buf = t; + k = fread(buf + l, 1, n - l, f); + + if (k <= 0) { + if (ferror(f)) + return -errno; + + break; + } + + l += k; + n *= 2; + + /* Safety check */ + if (n > 4*1024*1024) + return -E2BIG; + } + + buf[l] = 0; + *contents = buf; + buf = NULL; + + if (size) + *size = l; + + return 0; +} + +int parse_env_file( + const char *fname, + const char *separator, ...) { + + int r = 0; + char *contents = NULL, *p; + + assert(fname); + assert(separator); + + if ((r = read_full_file(fname, &contents, NULL)) < 0) + return r; + + p = contents; + for (;;) { + const char *key = NULL; + + p += strspn(p, separator); + p += strspn(p, WHITESPACE); + + if (!*p) + break; + + if (!strchr(COMMENTS, *p)) { + va_list ap; + char **value; + + va_start(ap, separator); + while ((key = va_arg(ap, char *))) { + size_t n; + char *v; + + value = va_arg(ap, char **); + + n = strlen(key); + if (strncmp(p, key, n) != 0 || + p[n] != '=') + continue; + + p += n + 1; + n = strcspn(p, separator); + + if (n >= 2 && + strchr(QUOTES, p[0]) && + p[n-1] == p[0]) + v = strndup(p+1, n-2); + else + v = strndup(p, n); + + if (!v) { + r = -ENOMEM; + va_end(ap); + goto fail; + } + + if (v[0] == '\0') { + /* return empty value strings as NULL */ + free(v); + v = NULL; + } + + free(*value); + *value = v; + + p += n; + + r ++; + break; + } + va_end(ap); + } + + if (!key) + p += strcspn(p, separator); + } + +fail: + free(contents); + return r; +} + +int load_env_file( + const char *fname, + char ***rl) { + + FILE *f; + char **m = NULL; + int r; + + assert(fname); + assert(rl); + + if (!(f = fopen(fname, "re"))) + return -errno; + + while (!feof(f)) { + char l[LINE_MAX], *p, *u; + char **t; + + if (!fgets(l, sizeof(l), f)) { + if (feof(f)) + break; + + r = -errno; + goto finish; + } + + p = strstrip(l); + + if (!*p) + continue; + + if (strchr(COMMENTS, *p)) + continue; + + if (!(u = normalize_env_assignment(p))) { + r = log_oom(); + goto finish; + } + + t = strv_append(m, u); + free(u); + + if (!t) { + r = log_oom(); + goto finish; + } + + strv_free(m); + m = t; + } + + r = 0; + + *rl = m; + m = NULL; + +finish: + if (f) + fclose(f); + + strv_free(m); + + return r; +} + +int write_env_file(const char *fname, char **l) { + char **i, *p; + FILE *f; + int r; + + r = fopen_temporary(fname, &f, &p); + if (r < 0) + return r; + + fchmod_umask(fileno(f), 0644); + + errno = 0; + STRV_FOREACH(i, l) { + fputs(*i, f); + fputc('\n', f); + } + + fflush(f); + + if (ferror(f)) { + if (errno != 0) + r = -errno; + else + r = -EIO; + } else { + if (rename(p, fname) < 0) + r = -errno; + else + r = 0; + } + + if (r < 0) + unlink(p); + + fclose(f); + free(p); + + return r; +} + +char *truncate_nl(char *s) { + assert(s); + + s[strcspn(s, NEWLINE)] = 0; + return s; +} + +int get_process_comm(pid_t pid, char **name) { + int r; + + assert(name); + + if (pid == 0) + r = read_one_line_file("/proc/self/comm", name); + else { + char *p; + if (asprintf(&p, "/proc/%lu/comm", (unsigned long) pid) < 0) + return -ENOMEM; + + r = read_one_line_file(p, name); + free(p); + } + + return r; +} + +int get_process_cmdline(pid_t pid, size_t max_length, bool comm_fallback, char **line) { + char *r, *k; + int c; + bool space = false; + size_t left; + FILE *f; + + assert(max_length > 0); + assert(line); + + if (pid == 0) + f = fopen("/proc/self/cmdline", "re"); + else { + char *p; + if (asprintf(&p, "/proc/%lu/cmdline", (unsigned long) pid) < 0) + return -ENOMEM; + + f = fopen(p, "re"); + free(p); + } + + if (!f) + return -errno; + + r = new(char, max_length); + if (!r) { + fclose(f); + return -ENOMEM; + } + + k = r; + left = max_length; + while ((c = getc(f)) != EOF) { + + if (isprint(c)) { + if (space) { + if (left <= 4) + break; + + *(k++) = ' '; + left--; + space = false; + } + + if (left <= 4) + break; + + *(k++) = (char) c; + left--; + } else + space = true; + } + + if (left <= 4) { + size_t n = MIN(left-1, 3U); + memcpy(k, "...", n); + k[n] = 0; + } else + *k = 0; + + fclose(f); + + /* Kernel threads have no argv[] */ + if (r[0] == 0) { + char *t; + int h; + + free(r); + + if (!comm_fallback) + return -ENOENT; + + h = get_process_comm(pid, &t); + if (h < 0) + return h; + + r = strjoin("[", t, "]", NULL); + free(t); + + if (!r) + return -ENOMEM; + } + + *line = r; + return 0; +} + +int is_kernel_thread(pid_t pid) { + char *p; + size_t count; + char c; + bool eof; + FILE *f; + + if (pid == 0) + return 0; + + if (asprintf(&p, "/proc/%lu/cmdline", (unsigned long) pid) < 0) + return -ENOMEM; + + f = fopen(p, "re"); + free(p); + + if (!f) + return -errno; + + count = fread(&c, 1, 1, f); + eof = feof(f); + fclose(f); + + /* Kernel threads have an empty cmdline */ + + if (count <= 0) + return eof ? 1 : -errno; + + return 0; +} + +int get_process_exe(pid_t pid, char **name) { + int r; + + assert(name); + + if (pid == 0) + r = readlink_malloc("/proc/self/exe", name); + else { + char *p; + if (asprintf(&p, "/proc/%lu/exe", (unsigned long) pid) < 0) + return -ENOMEM; + + r = readlink_malloc(p, name); + free(p); + } + + return r; +} + +static int get_process_id(pid_t pid, const char *field, uid_t *uid) { + char *p; + FILE *f; + int r; + + assert(uid); + + if (pid == 0) + return getuid(); + + if (asprintf(&p, "/proc/%lu/status", (unsigned long) pid) < 0) + return -ENOMEM; + + f = fopen(p, "re"); + free(p); + + if (!f) + return -errno; + + while (!feof(f)) { + char line[LINE_MAX], *l; + + if (!fgets(line, sizeof(line), f)) { + if (feof(f)) + break; + + r = -errno; + goto finish; + } + + l = strstrip(line); + + if (startswith(l, field)) { + l += strlen(field); + l += strspn(l, WHITESPACE); + + l[strcspn(l, WHITESPACE)] = 0; + + r = parse_uid(l, uid); + goto finish; + } + } + + r = -EIO; + +finish: + fclose(f); + + return r; +} + +int get_process_uid(pid_t pid, uid_t *uid) { + return get_process_id(pid, "Uid:", uid); +} + +int get_process_gid(pid_t pid, gid_t *gid) { + return get_process_id(pid, "Gid:", gid); +} + +char *strnappend(const char *s, const char *suffix, size_t b) { + size_t a; + char *r; + + if (!s && !suffix) + return strdup(""); + + if (!s) + return strndup(suffix, b); + + if (!suffix) + return strdup(s); + + assert(s); + assert(suffix); + + a = strlen(s); + if (b > ((size_t) -1) - a) + return NULL; + + r = new(char, a+b+1); + if (!r) + return NULL; + + memcpy(r, s, a); + memcpy(r+a, suffix, b); + r[a+b] = 0; + + return r; +} + +char *strappend(const char *s, const char *suffix) { + return strnappend(s, suffix, suffix ? strlen(suffix) : 0); +} + +int readlink_malloc(const char *p, char **r) { + size_t l = 100; + + assert(p); + assert(r); + + for (;;) { + char *c; + ssize_t n; + + if (!(c = new(char, l))) + return -ENOMEM; + + if ((n = readlink(p, c, l-1)) < 0) { + int ret = -errno; + free(c); + return ret; + } + + if ((size_t) n < l-1) { + c[n] = 0; + *r = c; + return 0; + } + + free(c); + l *= 2; + } +} + +int readlink_and_make_absolute(const char *p, char **r) { + char *target, *k; + int j; + + assert(p); + assert(r); + + if ((j = readlink_malloc(p, &target)) < 0) + return j; + + k = file_in_same_dir(p, target); + free(target); + + if (!k) + return -ENOMEM; + + *r = k; + return 0; +} + +int readlink_and_canonicalize(const char *p, char **r) { + char *t, *s; + int j; + + assert(p); + assert(r); + + j = readlink_and_make_absolute(p, &t); + if (j < 0) + return j; + + s = canonicalize_file_name(t); + if (s) { + free(t); + *r = s; + } else + *r = t; + + path_kill_slashes(*r); + + return 0; +} + +int reset_all_signal_handlers(void) { + int sig; + + for (sig = 1; sig < _NSIG; sig++) { + struct sigaction sa; + + if (sig == SIGKILL || sig == SIGSTOP) + continue; + + zero(sa); + sa.sa_handler = SIG_DFL; + sa.sa_flags = SA_RESTART; + + /* On Linux the first two RT signals are reserved by + * glibc, and sigaction() will return EINVAL for them. */ + if ((sigaction(sig, &sa, NULL) < 0)) + if (errno != EINVAL) + return -errno; + } + + return 0; +} + +char *strstrip(char *s) { + char *e; + + /* Drops trailing whitespace. Modifies the string in + * place. Returns pointer to first non-space character */ + + s += strspn(s, WHITESPACE); + + for (e = strchr(s, 0); e > s; e --) + if (!strchr(WHITESPACE, e[-1])) + break; + + *e = 0; + + return s; +} + +char *delete_chars(char *s, const char *bad) { + char *f, *t; + + /* Drops all whitespace, regardless where in the string */ + + for (f = s, t = s; *f; f++) { + if (strchr(bad, *f)) + continue; + + *(t++) = *f; + } + + *t = 0; + + return s; +} + +bool in_charset(const char *s, const char* charset) { + const char *i; + + assert(s); + assert(charset); + + for (i = s; *i; i++) + if (!strchr(charset, *i)) + return false; + + return true; +} + +char *file_in_same_dir(const char *path, const char *filename) { + char *e, *r; + size_t k; + + assert(path); + assert(filename); + + /* This removes the last component of path and appends + * filename, unless the latter is absolute anyway or the + * former isn't */ + + if (path_is_absolute(filename)) + return strdup(filename); + + if (!(e = strrchr(path, '/'))) + return strdup(filename); + + k = strlen(filename); + if (!(r = new(char, e-path+1+k+1))) + return NULL; + + memcpy(r, path, e-path+1); + memcpy(r+(e-path)+1, filename, k+1); + + return r; +} + +int rmdir_parents(const char *path, const char *stop) { + size_t l; + int r = 0; + + assert(path); + assert(stop); + + l = strlen(path); + + /* Skip trailing slashes */ + while (l > 0 && path[l-1] == '/') + l--; + + while (l > 0) { + char *t; + + /* Skip last component */ + while (l > 0 && path[l-1] != '/') + l--; + + /* Skip trailing slashes */ + while (l > 0 && path[l-1] == '/') + l--; + + if (l <= 0) + break; + + if (!(t = strndup(path, l))) + return -ENOMEM; + + if (path_startswith(stop, t)) { + free(t); + return 0; + } + + r = rmdir(t); + free(t); + + if (r < 0) + if (errno != ENOENT) + return -errno; + } + + return 0; +} + + +char hexchar(int x) { + static const char table[16] = "0123456789abcdef"; + + return table[x & 15]; +} + +int unhexchar(char c) { + + if (c >= '0' && c <= '9') + return c - '0'; + + if (c >= 'a' && c <= 'f') + return c - 'a' + 10; + + if (c >= 'A' && c <= 'F') + return c - 'A' + 10; + + return -1; +} + +char octchar(int x) { + return '0' + (x & 7); +} + +int unoctchar(char c) { + + if (c >= '0' && c <= '7') + return c - '0'; + + return -1; +} + +char decchar(int x) { + return '0' + (x % 10); +} + +int undecchar(char c) { + + if (c >= '0' && c <= '9') + return c - '0'; + + return -1; +} + +char *cescape(const char *s) { + char *r, *t; + const char *f; + + assert(s); + + /* Does C style string escaping. */ + + r = new(char, strlen(s)*4 + 1); + if (!r) + return NULL; + + for (f = s, t = r; *f; f++) + + switch (*f) { + + case '\a': + *(t++) = '\\'; + *(t++) = 'a'; + break; + case '\b': + *(t++) = '\\'; + *(t++) = 'b'; + break; + case '\f': + *(t++) = '\\'; + *(t++) = 'f'; + break; + case '\n': + *(t++) = '\\'; + *(t++) = 'n'; + break; + case '\r': + *(t++) = '\\'; + *(t++) = 'r'; + break; + case '\t': + *(t++) = '\\'; + *(t++) = 't'; + break; + case '\v': + *(t++) = '\\'; + *(t++) = 'v'; + break; + case '\\': + *(t++) = '\\'; + *(t++) = '\\'; + break; + case '"': + *(t++) = '\\'; + *(t++) = '"'; + break; + case '\'': + *(t++) = '\\'; + *(t++) = '\''; + break; + + default: + /* For special chars we prefer octal over + * hexadecimal encoding, simply because glib's + * g_strescape() does the same */ + if ((*f < ' ') || (*f >= 127)) { + *(t++) = '\\'; + *(t++) = octchar((unsigned char) *f >> 6); + *(t++) = octchar((unsigned char) *f >> 3); + *(t++) = octchar((unsigned char) *f); + } else + *(t++) = *f; + break; + } + + *t = 0; + + return r; +} + +char *cunescape_length_with_prefix(const char *s, size_t length, const char *prefix) { + char *r, *t; + const char *f; + size_t pl; + + assert(s); + + /* Undoes C style string escaping, and optionally prefixes it. */ + + pl = prefix ? strlen(prefix) : 0; + + r = new(char, pl+length+1); + if (!r) + return r; + + if (prefix) + memcpy(r, prefix, pl); + + for (f = s, t = r + pl; f < s + length; f++) { + + if (*f != '\\') { + *(t++) = *f; + continue; + } + + f++; + + switch (*f) { + + case 'a': + *(t++) = '\a'; + break; + case 'b': + *(t++) = '\b'; + break; + case 'f': + *(t++) = '\f'; + break; + case 'n': + *(t++) = '\n'; + break; + case 'r': + *(t++) = '\r'; + break; + case 't': + *(t++) = '\t'; + break; + case 'v': + *(t++) = '\v'; + break; + case '\\': + *(t++) = '\\'; + break; + case '"': + *(t++) = '"'; + break; + case '\'': + *(t++) = '\''; + break; + + case 's': + /* This is an extension of the XDG syntax files */ + *(t++) = ' '; + break; + + case 'x': { + /* hexadecimal encoding */ + int a, b; + + a = unhexchar(f[1]); + b = unhexchar(f[2]); + + if (a < 0 || b < 0) { + /* Invalid escape code, let's take it literal then */ + *(t++) = '\\'; + *(t++) = 'x'; + } else { + *(t++) = (char) ((a << 4) | b); + f += 2; + } + + break; + } + + case '0': + case '1': + case '2': + case '3': + case '4': + case '5': + case '6': + case '7': { + /* octal encoding */ + int a, b, c; + + a = unoctchar(f[0]); + b = unoctchar(f[1]); + c = unoctchar(f[2]); + + if (a < 0 || b < 0 || c < 0) { + /* Invalid escape code, let's take it literal then */ + *(t++) = '\\'; + *(t++) = f[0]; + } else { + *(t++) = (char) ((a << 6) | (b << 3) | c); + f += 2; + } + + break; + } + + case 0: + /* premature end of string.*/ + *(t++) = '\\'; + goto finish; + + default: + /* Invalid escape code, let's take it literal then */ + *(t++) = '\\'; + *(t++) = *f; + break; + } + } + +finish: + *t = 0; + return r; +} + +char *cunescape_length(const char *s, size_t length) { + return cunescape_length_with_prefix(s, length, NULL); +} + +char *cunescape(const char *s) { + assert(s); + + return cunescape_length(s, strlen(s)); +} + +char *xescape(const char *s, const char *bad) { + char *r, *t; + const char *f; + + /* Escapes all chars in bad, in addition to \ and all special + * chars, in \xFF style escaping. May be reversed with + * cunescape. */ + + r = new(char, strlen(s) * 4 + 1); + if (!r) + return NULL; + + for (f = s, t = r; *f; f++) { + + if ((*f < ' ') || (*f >= 127) || + (*f == '\\') || strchr(bad, *f)) { + *(t++) = '\\'; + *(t++) = 'x'; + *(t++) = hexchar(*f >> 4); + *(t++) = hexchar(*f); + } else + *(t++) = *f; + } + + *t = 0; + + return r; +} + +char *bus_path_escape(const char *s) { + char *r, *t; + const char *f; + + assert(s); + + /* Escapes all chars that D-Bus' object path cannot deal + * with. Can be reverse with bus_path_unescape() */ + + if (!(r = new(char, strlen(s)*3+1))) + return NULL; + + for (f = s, t = r; *f; f++) { + + if (!(*f >= 'A' && *f <= 'Z') && + !(*f >= 'a' && *f <= 'z') && + !(*f >= '0' && *f <= '9')) { + *(t++) = '_'; + *(t++) = hexchar(*f >> 4); + *(t++) = hexchar(*f); + } else + *(t++) = *f; + } + + *t = 0; + + return r; +} + +char *bus_path_unescape(const char *f) { + char *r, *t; + + assert(f); + + if (!(r = strdup(f))) + return NULL; + + for (t = r; *f; f++) { + + if (*f == '_') { + int a, b; + + if ((a = unhexchar(f[1])) < 0 || + (b = unhexchar(f[2])) < 0) { + /* Invalid escape code, let's take it literal then */ + *(t++) = '_'; + } else { + *(t++) = (char) ((a << 4) | b); + f += 2; + } + } else + *(t++) = *f; + } + + *t = 0; + + return r; +} + +char *ascii_strlower(char *t) { + char *p; + + assert(t); + + for (p = t; *p; p++) + if (*p >= 'A' && *p <= 'Z') + *p = *p - 'A' + 'a'; + + return t; +} + +static bool ignore_file_allow_backup(const char *filename) { + assert(filename); + + return + filename[0] == '.' || + streq(filename, "lost+found") || + streq(filename, "aquota.user") || + streq(filename, "aquota.group") || + endswith(filename, ".rpmnew") || + endswith(filename, ".rpmsave") || + endswith(filename, ".rpmorig") || + endswith(filename, ".dpkg-old") || + endswith(filename, ".dpkg-new") || + endswith(filename, ".swp"); +} + +bool ignore_file(const char *filename) { + assert(filename); + + if (endswith(filename, "~")) + return false; + + return ignore_file_allow_backup(filename); +} + +int fd_nonblock(int fd, bool nonblock) { + int flags; + + assert(fd >= 0); + + if ((flags = fcntl(fd, F_GETFL, 0)) < 0) + return -errno; + + if (nonblock) + flags |= O_NONBLOCK; + else + flags &= ~O_NONBLOCK; + + if (fcntl(fd, F_SETFL, flags) < 0) + return -errno; + + return 0; +} + +int fd_cloexec(int fd, bool cloexec) { + int flags; + + assert(fd >= 0); + + if ((flags = fcntl(fd, F_GETFD, 0)) < 0) + return -errno; + + if (cloexec) + flags |= FD_CLOEXEC; + else + flags &= ~FD_CLOEXEC; + + if (fcntl(fd, F_SETFD, flags) < 0) + return -errno; + + return 0; +} + +static bool fd_in_set(int fd, const int fdset[], unsigned n_fdset) { + unsigned i; + + assert(n_fdset == 0 || fdset); + + for (i = 0; i < n_fdset; i++) + if (fdset[i] == fd) + return true; + + return false; +} + +int close_all_fds(const int except[], unsigned n_except) { + DIR *d; + struct dirent *de; + int r = 0; + + assert(n_except == 0 || except); + + d = opendir("/proc/self/fd"); + if (!d) { + int fd; + struct rlimit rl; + + /* When /proc isn't available (for example in chroots) + * the fallback is brute forcing through the fd + * table */ + + assert_se(getrlimit(RLIMIT_NOFILE, &rl) >= 0); + for (fd = 3; fd < (int) rl.rlim_max; fd ++) { + + if (fd_in_set(fd, except, n_except)) + continue; + + if (close_nointr(fd) < 0) + if (errno != EBADF && r == 0) + r = -errno; + } + + return r; + } + + while ((de = readdir(d))) { + int fd = -1; + + if (ignore_file(de->d_name)) + continue; + + if (safe_atoi(de->d_name, &fd) < 0) + /* Let's better ignore this, just in case */ + continue; + + if (fd < 3) + continue; + + if (fd == dirfd(d)) + continue; + + if (fd_in_set(fd, except, n_except)) + continue; + + if (close_nointr(fd) < 0) { + /* Valgrind has its own FD and doesn't want to have it closed */ + if (errno != EBADF && r == 0) + r = -errno; + } + } + + closedir(d); + return r; +} + +bool chars_intersect(const char *a, const char *b) { + const char *p; + + /* Returns true if any of the chars in a are in b. */ + for (p = a; *p; p++) + if (strchr(b, *p)) + return true; + + return false; +} + +char *format_timestamp(char *buf, size_t l, usec_t t) { + struct tm tm; + time_t sec; + + assert(buf); + assert(l > 0); + + if (t <= 0) + return NULL; + + sec = (time_t) (t / USEC_PER_SEC); + + if (strftime(buf, l, "%a, %Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S %Z", localtime_r(&sec, &tm)) <= 0) + return NULL; + + return buf; +} + +char *format_timestamp_pretty(char *buf, size_t l, usec_t t) { + usec_t n, d; + + n = now(CLOCK_REALTIME); + + if (t <= 0 || t > n || t + USEC_PER_DAY*7 <= t) + return NULL; + + d = n - t; + + if (d >= USEC_PER_YEAR) + snprintf(buf, l, "%llu years and %llu months ago", + (unsigned long long) (d / USEC_PER_YEAR), + (unsigned long long) ((d % USEC_PER_YEAR) / USEC_PER_MONTH)); + else if (d >= USEC_PER_MONTH) + snprintf(buf, l, "%llu months and %llu days ago", + (unsigned long long) (d / USEC_PER_MONTH), + (unsigned long long) ((d % USEC_PER_MONTH) / USEC_PER_DAY)); + else if (d >= USEC_PER_WEEK) + snprintf(buf, l, "%llu weeks and %llu days ago", + (unsigned long long) (d / USEC_PER_WEEK), + (unsigned long long) ((d % USEC_PER_WEEK) / USEC_PER_DAY)); + else if (d >= 2*USEC_PER_DAY) + snprintf(buf, l, "%llu days ago", (unsigned long long) (d / USEC_PER_DAY)); + else if (d >= 25*USEC_PER_HOUR) + snprintf(buf, l, "1 day and %lluh ago", + (unsigned long long) ((d - USEC_PER_DAY) / USEC_PER_HOUR)); + else if (d >= 6*USEC_PER_HOUR) + snprintf(buf, l, "%lluh ago", + (unsigned long long) (d / USEC_PER_HOUR)); + else if (d >= USEC_PER_HOUR) + snprintf(buf, l, "%lluh %llumin ago", + (unsigned long long) (d / USEC_PER_HOUR), + (unsigned long long) ((d % USEC_PER_HOUR) / USEC_PER_MINUTE)); + else if (d >= 5*USEC_PER_MINUTE) + snprintf(buf, l, "%llumin ago", + (unsigned long long) (d / USEC_PER_MINUTE)); + else if (d >= USEC_PER_MINUTE) + snprintf(buf, l, "%llumin %llus ago", + (unsigned long long) (d / USEC_PER_MINUTE), + (unsigned long long) ((d % USEC_PER_MINUTE) / USEC_PER_SEC)); + else if (d >= USEC_PER_SEC) + snprintf(buf, l, "%llus ago", + (unsigned long long) (d / USEC_PER_SEC)); + else if (d >= USEC_PER_MSEC) + snprintf(buf, l, "%llums ago", + (unsigned long long) (d / USEC_PER_MSEC)); + else if (d > 0) + snprintf(buf, l, "%lluus ago", + (unsigned long long) d); + else + snprintf(buf, l, "now"); + + buf[l-1] = 0; + return buf; +} + +char *format_timespan(char *buf, size_t l, usec_t t) { + static const struct { + const char *suffix; + usec_t usec; + } table[] = { + { "w", USEC_PER_WEEK }, + { "d", USEC_PER_DAY }, + { "h", USEC_PER_HOUR }, + { "min", USEC_PER_MINUTE }, + { "s", USEC_PER_SEC }, + { "ms", USEC_PER_MSEC }, + { "us", 1 }, + }; + + unsigned i; + char *p = buf; + + assert(buf); + assert(l > 0); + + if (t == (usec_t) -1) + return NULL; + + if (t == 0) { + snprintf(p, l, "0"); + p[l-1] = 0; + return p; + } + + /* The result of this function can be parsed with parse_usec */ + + for (i = 0; i < ELEMENTSOF(table); i++) { + int k; + size_t n; + + if (t < table[i].usec) + continue; + + if (l <= 1) + break; + + k = snprintf(p, l, "%s%llu%s", p > buf ? " " : "", (unsigned long long) (t / table[i].usec), table[i].suffix); + n = MIN((size_t) k, l); + + l -= n; + p += n; + + t %= table[i].usec; + } + + *p = 0; + + return buf; +} + +bool fstype_is_network(const char *fstype) { + static const char table[] = + "cifs\0" + "smbfs\0" + "ncpfs\0" + "nfs\0" + "nfs4\0" + "gfs\0" + "gfs2\0"; + + return nulstr_contains(table, fstype); +} + +int chvt(int vt) { + _cleanup_close_ int fd; + + fd = open_terminal("/dev/tty0", O_RDWR|O_NOCTTY|O_CLOEXEC); + if (fd < 0) + return -errno; + + if (vt < 0) { + int tiocl[2] = { + TIOCL_GETKMSGREDIRECT, + 0 + }; + + if (ioctl(fd, TIOCLINUX, tiocl) < 0) + return -errno; + + vt = tiocl[0] <= 0 ? 1 : tiocl[0]; + } + + if (ioctl(fd, VT_ACTIVATE, vt) < 0) + return -errno; + + return 0; +} + +int read_one_char(FILE *f, char *ret, usec_t t, bool *need_nl) { + struct termios old_termios, new_termios; + char c; + char line[LINE_MAX]; + + assert(f); + assert(ret); + + if (tcgetattr(fileno(f), &old_termios) >= 0) { + new_termios = old_termios; + + new_termios.c_lflag &= ~ICANON; + new_termios.c_cc[VMIN] = 1; + new_termios.c_cc[VTIME] = 0; + + if (tcsetattr(fileno(f), TCSADRAIN, &new_termios) >= 0) { + size_t k; + + if (t != (usec_t) -1) { + if (fd_wait_for_event(fileno(f), POLLIN, t) <= 0) { + tcsetattr(fileno(f), TCSADRAIN, &old_termios); + return -ETIMEDOUT; + } + } + + k = fread(&c, 1, 1, f); + + tcsetattr(fileno(f), TCSADRAIN, &old_termios); + + if (k <= 0) + return -EIO; + + if (need_nl) + *need_nl = c != '\n'; + + *ret = c; + return 0; + } + } + + if (t != (usec_t) -1) + if (fd_wait_for_event(fileno(f), POLLIN, t) <= 0) + return -ETIMEDOUT; + + if (!fgets(line, sizeof(line), f)) + return -EIO; + + truncate_nl(line); + + if (strlen(line) != 1) + return -EBADMSG; + + if (need_nl) + *need_nl = false; + + *ret = line[0]; + return 0; +} + +int ask(char *ret, const char *replies, const char *text, ...) { + + assert(ret); + assert(replies); + assert(text); + + for (;;) { + va_list ap; + char c; + int r; + bool need_nl = true; + + if (on_tty()) + fputs(ANSI_HIGHLIGHT_ON, stdout); + + va_start(ap, text); + vprintf(text, ap); + va_end(ap); + + if (on_tty()) + fputs(ANSI_HIGHLIGHT_OFF, stdout); + + fflush(stdout); + + r = read_one_char(stdin, &c, (usec_t) -1, &need_nl); + if (r < 0) { + + if (r == -EBADMSG) { + puts("Bad input, please try again."); + continue; + } + + putchar('\n'); + return r; + } + + if (need_nl) + putchar('\n'); + + if (strchr(replies, c)) { + *ret = c; + return 0; + } + + puts("Read unexpected character, please try again."); + } +} + +int reset_terminal_fd(int fd, bool switch_to_text) { + struct termios termios; + int r = 0; + + /* Set terminal to some sane defaults */ + + assert(fd >= 0); + + /* We leave locked terminal attributes untouched, so that + * Plymouth may set whatever it wants to set, and we don't + * interfere with that. */ + + /* Disable exclusive mode, just in case */ + ioctl(fd, TIOCNXCL); + + /* Switch to text mode */ + if (switch_to_text) + ioctl(fd, KDSETMODE, KD_TEXT); + + /* Enable console unicode mode */ + ioctl(fd, KDSKBMODE, K_UNICODE); + + if (tcgetattr(fd, &termios) < 0) { + r = -errno; + goto finish; + } + + /* We only reset the stuff that matters to the software. How + * hardware is set up we don't touch assuming that somebody + * else will do that for us */ + + termios.c_iflag &= ~(IGNBRK | BRKINT | ISTRIP | INLCR | IGNCR | IUCLC); + termios.c_iflag |= ICRNL | IMAXBEL | IUTF8; + termios.c_oflag |= ONLCR; + termios.c_cflag |= CREAD; + termios.c_lflag = ISIG | ICANON | IEXTEN | ECHO | ECHOE | ECHOK | ECHOCTL | ECHOPRT | ECHOKE; + + termios.c_cc[VINTR] = 03; /* ^C */ + termios.c_cc[VQUIT] = 034; /* ^\ */ + termios.c_cc[VERASE] = 0177; + termios.c_cc[VKILL] = 025; /* ^X */ + termios.c_cc[VEOF] = 04; /* ^D */ + termios.c_cc[VSTART] = 021; /* ^Q */ + termios.c_cc[VSTOP] = 023; /* ^S */ + termios.c_cc[VSUSP] = 032; /* ^Z */ + termios.c_cc[VLNEXT] = 026; /* ^V */ + termios.c_cc[VWERASE] = 027; /* ^W */ + termios.c_cc[VREPRINT] = 022; /* ^R */ + termios.c_cc[VEOL] = 0; + termios.c_cc[VEOL2] = 0; + + termios.c_cc[VTIME] = 0; + termios.c_cc[VMIN] = 1; + + if (tcsetattr(fd, TCSANOW, &termios) < 0) + r = -errno; + +finish: + /* Just in case, flush all crap out */ + tcflush(fd, TCIOFLUSH); + + return r; +} + +int reset_terminal(const char *name) { + int fd, r; + + fd = open_terminal(name, O_RDWR|O_NOCTTY|O_CLOEXEC); + if (fd < 0) + return fd; + + r = reset_terminal_fd(fd, true); + close_nointr_nofail(fd); + + return r; +} + +int open_terminal(const char *name, int mode) { + int fd, r; + unsigned c = 0; + + /* + * If a TTY is in the process of being closed opening it might + * cause EIO. This is horribly awful, but unlikely to be + * changed in the kernel. Hence we work around this problem by + * retrying a couple of times. + * + * https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/linux/+bug/554172/comments/245 + */ + + for (;;) { + fd = open(name, mode); + if (fd >= 0) + break; + + if (errno != EIO) + return -errno; + + /* Max 1s in total */ + if (c >= 20) + return -errno; + + usleep(50 * USEC_PER_MSEC); + c++; + } + + if (fd < 0) + return -errno; + + r = isatty(fd); + if (r < 0) { + close_nointr_nofail(fd); + return -errno; + } + + if (!r) { + close_nointr_nofail(fd); + return -ENOTTY; + } + + return fd; +} + +int flush_fd(int fd) { + struct pollfd pollfd; + + zero(pollfd); + pollfd.fd = fd; + pollfd.events = POLLIN; + + for (;;) { + char buf[LINE_MAX]; + ssize_t l; + int r; + + if ((r = poll(&pollfd, 1, 0)) < 0) { + + if (errno == EINTR) + continue; + + return -errno; + } + + if (r == 0) + return 0; + + if ((l = read(fd, buf, sizeof(buf))) < 0) { + + if (errno == EINTR) + continue; + + if (errno == EAGAIN) + return 0; + + return -errno; + } + + if (l <= 0) + return 0; + } +} + +int acquire_terminal( + const char *name, + bool fail, + bool force, + bool ignore_tiocstty_eperm, + usec_t timeout) { + + int fd = -1, notify = -1, r = 0, wd = -1; + usec_t ts = 0; + struct sigaction sa_old, sa_new; + + assert(name); + + /* We use inotify to be notified when the tty is closed. We + * create the watch before checking if we can actually acquire + * it, so that we don't lose any event. + * + * Note: strictly speaking this actually watches for the + * device being closed, it does *not* really watch whether a + * tty loses its controlling process. However, unless some + * rogue process uses TIOCNOTTY on /dev/tty *after* closing + * its tty otherwise this will not become a problem. As long + * as the administrator makes sure not configure any service + * on the same tty as an untrusted user this should not be a + * problem. (Which he probably should not do anyway.) */ + + if (timeout != (usec_t) -1) + ts = now(CLOCK_MONOTONIC); + + if (!fail && !force) { + notify = inotify_init1(IN_CLOEXEC | (timeout != (usec_t) -1 ? IN_NONBLOCK : 0)); + if (notify < 0) { + r = -errno; + goto fail; + } + + wd = inotify_add_watch(notify, name, IN_CLOSE); + if (wd < 0) { + r = -errno; + goto fail; + } + } + + for (;;) { + if (notify >= 0) { + r = flush_fd(notify); + if (r < 0) + goto fail; + } + + /* We pass here O_NOCTTY only so that we can check the return + * value TIOCSCTTY and have a reliable way to figure out if we + * successfully became the controlling process of the tty */ + fd = open_terminal(name, O_RDWR|O_NOCTTY|O_CLOEXEC); + if (fd < 0) + return fd; + + /* Temporarily ignore SIGHUP, so that we don't get SIGHUP'ed + * if we already own the tty. */ + zero(sa_new); + sa_new.sa_handler = SIG_IGN; + sa_new.sa_flags = SA_RESTART; + assert_se(sigaction(SIGHUP, &sa_new, &sa_old) == 0); + + /* First, try to get the tty */ + if (ioctl(fd, TIOCSCTTY, force) < 0) + r = -errno; + + assert_se(sigaction(SIGHUP, &sa_old, NULL) == 0); + + /* Sometimes it makes sense to ignore TIOCSCTTY + * returning EPERM, i.e. when very likely we already + * are have this controlling terminal. */ + if (r < 0 && r == -EPERM && ignore_tiocstty_eperm) + r = 0; + + if (r < 0 && (force || fail || r != -EPERM)) { + goto fail; + } + + if (r >= 0) + break; + + assert(!fail); + assert(!force); + assert(notify >= 0); + + for (;;) { + uint8_t inotify_buffer[sizeof(struct inotify_event) + FILENAME_MAX]; + ssize_t l; + struct inotify_event *e; + + if (timeout != (usec_t) -1) { + usec_t n; + + n = now(CLOCK_MONOTONIC); + if (ts + timeout < n) { + r = -ETIMEDOUT; + goto fail; + } + + r = fd_wait_for_event(fd, POLLIN, ts + timeout - n); + if (r < 0) + goto fail; + + if (r == 0) { + r = -ETIMEDOUT; + goto fail; + } + } + + l = read(notify, inotify_buffer, sizeof(inotify_buffer)); + if (l < 0) { + + if (errno == EINTR || errno == EAGAIN) + continue; + + r = -errno; + goto fail; + } + + e = (struct inotify_event*) inotify_buffer; + + while (l > 0) { + size_t step; + + if (e->wd != wd || !(e->mask & IN_CLOSE)) { + r = -EIO; + goto fail; + } + + step = sizeof(struct inotify_event) + e->len; + assert(step <= (size_t) l); + + e = (struct inotify_event*) ((uint8_t*) e + step); + l -= step; + } + + break; + } + + /* We close the tty fd here since if the old session + * ended our handle will be dead. It's important that + * we do this after sleeping, so that we don't enter + * an endless loop. */ + close_nointr_nofail(fd); + } + + if (notify >= 0) + close_nointr_nofail(notify); + + r = reset_terminal_fd(fd, true); + if (r < 0) + log_warning("Failed to reset terminal: %s", strerror(-r)); + + return fd; + +fail: + if (fd >= 0) + close_nointr_nofail(fd); + + if (notify >= 0) + close_nointr_nofail(notify); + + return r; +} + +int release_terminal(void) { + int r = 0, fd; + struct sigaction sa_old, sa_new; + + if ((fd = open("/dev/tty", O_RDWR|O_NOCTTY|O_NDELAY|O_CLOEXEC)) < 0) + return -errno; + + /* Temporarily ignore SIGHUP, so that we don't get SIGHUP'ed + * by our own TIOCNOTTY */ + + zero(sa_new); + sa_new.sa_handler = SIG_IGN; + sa_new.sa_flags = SA_RESTART; + assert_se(sigaction(SIGHUP, &sa_new, &sa_old) == 0); + + if (ioctl(fd, TIOCNOTTY) < 0) + r = -errno; + + assert_se(sigaction(SIGHUP, &sa_old, NULL) == 0); + + close_nointr_nofail(fd); + return r; +} + +int sigaction_many(const struct sigaction *sa, ...) { + va_list ap; + int r = 0, sig; + + va_start(ap, sa); + while ((sig = va_arg(ap, int)) > 0) + if (sigaction(sig, sa, NULL) < 0) + r = -errno; + va_end(ap); + + return r; +} + +int ignore_signals(int sig, ...) { + struct sigaction sa; + va_list ap; + int r = 0; + + zero(sa); + sa.sa_handler = SIG_IGN; + sa.sa_flags = SA_RESTART; + + if (sigaction(sig, &sa, NULL) < 0) + r = -errno; + + va_start(ap, sig); + while ((sig = va_arg(ap, int)) > 0) + if (sigaction(sig, &sa, NULL) < 0) + r = -errno; + va_end(ap); + + return r; +} + +int default_signals(int sig, ...) { + struct sigaction sa; + va_list ap; + int r = 0; + + zero(sa); + sa.sa_handler = SIG_DFL; + sa.sa_flags = SA_RESTART; + + if (sigaction(sig, &sa, NULL) < 0) + r = -errno; + + va_start(ap, sig); + while ((sig = va_arg(ap, int)) > 0) + if (sigaction(sig, &sa, NULL) < 0) + r = -errno; + va_end(ap); + + return r; +} + +int close_pipe(int p[]) { + int a = 0, b = 0; + + assert(p); + + if (p[0] >= 0) { + a = close_nointr(p[0]); + p[0] = -1; + } + + if (p[1] >= 0) { + b = close_nointr(p[1]); + p[1] = -1; + } + + return a < 0 ? a : b; +} + +ssize_t loop_read(int fd, void *buf, size_t nbytes, bool do_poll) { + uint8_t *p; + ssize_t n = 0; + + assert(fd >= 0); + assert(buf); + + p = buf; + + while (nbytes > 0) { + ssize_t k; + + if ((k = read(fd, p, nbytes)) <= 0) { + + if (k < 0 && errno == EINTR) + continue; + + if (k < 0 && errno == EAGAIN && do_poll) { + struct pollfd pollfd; + + zero(pollfd); + pollfd.fd = fd; + pollfd.events = POLLIN; + + if (poll(&pollfd, 1, -1) < 0) { + if (errno == EINTR) + continue; + + return n > 0 ? n : -errno; + } + + if (pollfd.revents != POLLIN) + return n > 0 ? n : -EIO; + + continue; + } + + return n > 0 ? n : (k < 0 ? -errno : 0); + } + + p += k; + nbytes -= k; + n += k; + } + + return n; +} + +ssize_t loop_write(int fd, const void *buf, size_t nbytes, bool do_poll) { + const uint8_t *p; + ssize_t n = 0; + + assert(fd >= 0); + assert(buf); + + p = buf; + + while (nbytes > 0) { + ssize_t k; + + k = write(fd, p, nbytes); + if (k <= 0) { + + if (k < 0 && errno == EINTR) + continue; + + if (k < 0 && errno == EAGAIN && do_poll) { + struct pollfd pollfd; + + zero(pollfd); + pollfd.fd = fd; + pollfd.events = POLLOUT; + + if (poll(&pollfd, 1, -1) < 0) { + if (errno == EINTR) + continue; + + return n > 0 ? n : -errno; + } + + if (pollfd.revents != POLLOUT) + return n > 0 ? n : -EIO; + + continue; + } + + return n > 0 ? n : (k < 0 ? -errno : 0); + } + + p += k; + nbytes -= k; + n += k; + } + + return n; +} + +int parse_usec(const char *t, usec_t *usec) { + static const struct { + const char *suffix; + usec_t usec; + } table[] = { + { "seconds", USEC_PER_SEC }, + { "second", USEC_PER_SEC }, + { "sec", USEC_PER_SEC }, + { "s", USEC_PER_SEC }, + { "minutes", USEC_PER_MINUTE }, + { "minute", USEC_PER_MINUTE }, + { "min", USEC_PER_MINUTE }, + { "months", USEC_PER_MONTH }, + { "month", USEC_PER_MONTH }, + { "msec", USEC_PER_MSEC }, + { "ms", USEC_PER_MSEC }, + { "m", USEC_PER_MINUTE }, + { "hours", USEC_PER_HOUR }, + { "hour", USEC_PER_HOUR }, + { "hr", USEC_PER_HOUR }, + { "h", USEC_PER_HOUR }, + { "days", USEC_PER_DAY }, + { "day", USEC_PER_DAY }, + { "d", USEC_PER_DAY }, + { "weeks", USEC_PER_WEEK }, + { "week", USEC_PER_WEEK }, + { "w", USEC_PER_WEEK }, + { "years", USEC_PER_YEAR }, + { "year", USEC_PER_YEAR }, + { "y", USEC_PER_YEAR }, + { "usec", 1ULL }, + { "us", 1ULL }, + { "", USEC_PER_SEC }, /* default is sec */ + }; + + const char *p; + usec_t r = 0; + + assert(t); + assert(usec); + + p = t; + do { + long long l; + char *e; + unsigned i; + + errno = 0; + l = strtoll(p, &e, 10); + + if (errno != 0) + return -errno; + + if (l < 0) + return -ERANGE; + + if (e == p) + return -EINVAL; + + e += strspn(e, WHITESPACE); + + for (i = 0; i < ELEMENTSOF(table); i++) + if (startswith(e, table[i].suffix)) { + r += (usec_t) l * table[i].usec; + p = e + strlen(table[i].suffix); + break; + } + + if (i >= ELEMENTSOF(table)) + return -EINVAL; + + } while (*p != 0); + + *usec = r; + + return 0; +} + +int parse_nsec(const char *t, nsec_t *nsec) { + static const struct { + const char *suffix; + nsec_t nsec; + } table[] = { + { "seconds", NSEC_PER_SEC }, + { "second", NSEC_PER_SEC }, + { "sec", NSEC_PER_SEC }, + { "s", NSEC_PER_SEC }, + { "minutes", NSEC_PER_MINUTE }, + { "minute", NSEC_PER_MINUTE }, + { "min", NSEC_PER_MINUTE }, + { "months", NSEC_PER_MONTH }, + { "month", NSEC_PER_MONTH }, + { "msec", NSEC_PER_MSEC }, + { "ms", NSEC_PER_MSEC }, + { "m", NSEC_PER_MINUTE }, + { "hours", NSEC_PER_HOUR }, + { "hour", NSEC_PER_HOUR }, + { "hr", NSEC_PER_HOUR }, + { "h", NSEC_PER_HOUR }, + { "days", NSEC_PER_DAY }, + { "day", NSEC_PER_DAY }, + { "d", NSEC_PER_DAY }, + { "weeks", NSEC_PER_WEEK }, + { "week", NSEC_PER_WEEK }, + { "w", NSEC_PER_WEEK }, + { "years", NSEC_PER_YEAR }, + { "year", NSEC_PER_YEAR }, + { "y", NSEC_PER_YEAR }, + { "usec", NSEC_PER_USEC }, + { "us", NSEC_PER_USEC }, + { "nsec", 1ULL }, + { "ns", 1ULL }, + { "", 1ULL }, /* default is nsec */ + }; + + const char *p; + nsec_t r = 0; + + assert(t); + assert(nsec); + + p = t; + do { + long long l; + char *e; + unsigned i; + + errno = 0; + l = strtoll(p, &e, 10); + + if (errno != 0) + return -errno; + + if (l < 0) + return -ERANGE; + + if (e == p) + return -EINVAL; + + e += strspn(e, WHITESPACE); + + for (i = 0; i < ELEMENTSOF(table); i++) + if (startswith(e, table[i].suffix)) { + r += (nsec_t) l * table[i].nsec; + p = e + strlen(table[i].suffix); + break; + } + + if (i >= ELEMENTSOF(table)) + return -EINVAL; + + } while (*p != 0); + + *nsec = r; + + return 0; +} + +int parse_bytes(const char *t, off_t *bytes) { + static const struct { + const char *suffix; + off_t factor; + } table[] = { + { "B", 1 }, + { "K", 1024ULL }, + { "M", 1024ULL*1024ULL }, + { "G", 1024ULL*1024ULL*1024ULL }, + { "T", 1024ULL*1024ULL*1024ULL*1024ULL }, + { "P", 1024ULL*1024ULL*1024ULL*1024ULL*1024ULL }, + { "E", 1024ULL*1024ULL*1024ULL*1024ULL*1024ULL*1024ULL }, + { "", 1 }, + }; + + const char *p; + off_t r = 0; + + assert(t); + assert(bytes); + + p = t; + do { + long long l; + char *e; + unsigned i; + + errno = 0; + l = strtoll(p, &e, 10); + + if (errno != 0) + return -errno; + + if (l < 0) + return -ERANGE; + + if (e == p) + return -EINVAL; + + e += strspn(e, WHITESPACE); + + for (i = 0; i < ELEMENTSOF(table); i++) + if (startswith(e, table[i].suffix)) { + r += (off_t) l * table[i].factor; + p = e + strlen(table[i].suffix); + break; + } + + if (i >= ELEMENTSOF(table)) + return -EINVAL; + + } while (*p != 0); + + *bytes = r; + + return 0; +} + +int make_stdio(int fd) { + int r, s, t; + + assert(fd >= 0); + + r = dup3(fd, STDIN_FILENO, 0); + s = dup3(fd, STDOUT_FILENO, 0); + t = dup3(fd, STDERR_FILENO, 0); + + if (fd >= 3) + close_nointr_nofail(fd); + + if (r < 0 || s < 0 || t < 0) + return -errno; + + /* We rely here that the new fd has O_CLOEXEC not set */ + + return 0; +} + +int make_null_stdio(void) { + int null_fd; + + null_fd = open("/dev/null", O_RDWR|O_NOCTTY); + if (null_fd < 0) + return -errno; + + return make_stdio(null_fd); +} + +bool is_device_path(const char *path) { + + /* Returns true on paths that refer to a device, either in + * sysfs or in /dev */ + + return + path_startswith(path, "/dev/") || + path_startswith(path, "/sys/"); +} + +int dir_is_empty(const char *path) { + _cleanup_closedir_ DIR *d; + int r; + + d = opendir(path); + if (!d) + return -errno; + + for (;;) { + struct dirent *de; + union dirent_storage buf; + + r = readdir_r(d, &buf.de, &de); + if (r > 0) + return -r; + + if (!de) + return 1; + + if (!ignore_file(de->d_name)) + return 0; + } +} + +unsigned long long random_ull(void) { + _cleanup_close_ int fd; + uint64_t ull; + ssize_t r; + + fd = open("/dev/urandom", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC|O_NOCTTY); + if (fd < 0) + goto fallback; + + r = loop_read(fd, &ull, sizeof(ull), true); + if (r != sizeof(ull)) + goto fallback; + + return ull; + +fallback: + return random() * RAND_MAX + random(); +} + +void rename_process(const char name[8]) { + assert(name); + + /* This is a like a poor man's setproctitle(). It changes the + * comm field, argv[0], and also the glibc's internally used + * name of the process. For the first one a limit of 16 chars + * applies, to the second one usually one of 10 (i.e. length + * of "/sbin/init"), to the third one one of 7 (i.e. length of + * "systemd"). If you pass a longer string it will be + * truncated */ + + prctl(PR_SET_NAME, name); + + if (program_invocation_name) + strncpy(program_invocation_name, name, strlen(program_invocation_name)); + + if (saved_argc > 0) { + int i; + + if (saved_argv[0]) + strncpy(saved_argv[0], name, strlen(saved_argv[0])); + + for (i = 1; i < saved_argc; i++) { + if (!saved_argv[i]) + break; + + memset(saved_argv[i], 0, strlen(saved_argv[i])); + } + } +} + +void sigset_add_many(sigset_t *ss, ...) { + va_list ap; + int sig; + + assert(ss); + + va_start(ap, ss); + while ((sig = va_arg(ap, int)) > 0) + assert_se(sigaddset(ss, sig) == 0); + va_end(ap); +} + +char* gethostname_malloc(void) { + struct utsname u; + + assert_se(uname(&u) >= 0); + + if (!isempty(u.nodename) && !streq(u.nodename, "(none)")) + return strdup(u.nodename); + + return strdup(u.sysname); +} + +bool hostname_is_set(void) { + struct utsname u; + + assert_se(uname(&u) >= 0); + + return !isempty(u.nodename) && !streq(u.nodename, "(none)"); +} + +static char *lookup_uid(uid_t uid) { + long bufsize; + char *name; + _cleanup_free_ char *buf = NULL; + struct passwd pwbuf, *pw = NULL; + + /* Shortcut things to avoid NSS lookups */ + if (uid == 0) + return strdup("root"); + + bufsize = sysconf(_SC_GETPW_R_SIZE_MAX); + if (bufsize <= 0) + bufsize = 4096; + + buf = malloc(bufsize); + if (!buf) + return NULL; + + if (getpwuid_r(uid, &pwbuf, buf, bufsize, &pw) == 0 && pw) + return strdup(pw->pw_name); + + if (asprintf(&name, "%lu", (unsigned long) uid) < 0) + return NULL; + + return name; +} + +char* getlogname_malloc(void) { + uid_t uid; + struct stat st; + + if (isatty(STDIN_FILENO) && fstat(STDIN_FILENO, &st) >= 0) + uid = st.st_uid; + else + uid = getuid(); + + return lookup_uid(uid); +} + +char *getusername_malloc(void) { + const char *e; + + e = getenv("USER"); + if (e) + return strdup(e); + + return lookup_uid(getuid()); +} + +int getttyname_malloc(int fd, char **r) { + char path[PATH_MAX], *c; + int k; + + assert(r); + + k = ttyname_r(fd, path, sizeof(path)); + if (k != 0) + return -k; + + char_array_0(path); + + c = strdup(startswith(path, "/dev/") ? path + 5 : path); + if (!c) + return -ENOMEM; + + *r = c; + return 0; +} + +int getttyname_harder(int fd, char **r) { + int k; + char *s; + + k = getttyname_malloc(fd, &s); + if (k < 0) + return k; + + if (streq(s, "tty")) { + free(s); + return get_ctty(0, NULL, r); + } + + *r = s; + return 0; +} + +int get_ctty_devnr(pid_t pid, dev_t *d) { + int k; + char line[LINE_MAX], *p, *fn; + unsigned long ttynr; + FILE *f; + + if (asprintf(&fn, "/proc/%lu/stat", (unsigned long) (pid <= 0 ? getpid() : pid)) < 0) + return -ENOMEM; + + f = fopen(fn, "re"); + free(fn); + if (!f) + return -errno; + + if (!fgets(line, sizeof(line), f)) { + k = feof(f) ? -EIO : -errno; + fclose(f); + return k; + } + + fclose(f); + + p = strrchr(line, ')'); + if (!p) + return -EIO; + + p++; + + if (sscanf(p, " " + "%*c " /* state */ + "%*d " /* ppid */ + "%*d " /* pgrp */ + "%*d " /* session */ + "%lu ", /* ttynr */ + &ttynr) != 1) + return -EIO; + + *d = (dev_t) ttynr; + return 0; +} + +int get_ctty(pid_t pid, dev_t *_devnr, char **r) { + int k; + char fn[PATH_MAX], *s, *b, *p; + dev_t devnr; + + assert(r); + + k = get_ctty_devnr(pid, &devnr); + if (k < 0) + return k; + + snprintf(fn, sizeof(fn), "/dev/char/%u:%u", major(devnr), minor(devnr)); + char_array_0(fn); + + if ((k = readlink_malloc(fn, &s)) < 0) { + + if (k != -ENOENT) + return k; + + /* This is an ugly hack */ + if (major(devnr) == 136) { + if (asprintf(&b, "pts/%lu", (unsigned long) minor(devnr)) < 0) + return -ENOMEM; + + *r = b; + if (_devnr) + *_devnr = devnr; + + return 0; + } + + /* Probably something like the ptys which have no + * symlink in /dev/char. Let's return something + * vaguely useful. */ + + if (!(b = strdup(fn + 5))) + return -ENOMEM; + + *r = b; + if (_devnr) + *_devnr = devnr; + + return 0; + } + + if (startswith(s, "/dev/")) + p = s + 5; + else if (startswith(s, "../")) + p = s + 3; + else + p = s; + + b = strdup(p); + free(s); + + if (!b) + return -ENOMEM; + + *r = b; + if (_devnr) + *_devnr = devnr; + + return 0; +} + +int rm_rf_children_dangerous(int fd, bool only_dirs, bool honour_sticky, struct stat *root_dev) { + DIR *d; + int ret = 0; + + assert(fd >= 0); + + /* This returns the first error we run into, but nevertheless + * tries to go on. This closes the passed fd. */ + + d = fdopendir(fd); + if (!d) { + close_nointr_nofail(fd); + + return errno == ENOENT ? 0 : -errno; + } + + for (;;) { + struct dirent *de; + union dirent_storage buf; + bool is_dir, keep_around; + struct stat st; + int r; + + r = readdir_r(d, &buf.de, &de); + if (r != 0 && ret == 0) { + ret = -r; + break; + } + + if (!de) + break; + + if (streq(de->d_name, ".") || streq(de->d_name, "..")) + continue; + + if (de->d_type == DT_UNKNOWN || + honour_sticky || + (de->d_type == DT_DIR && root_dev)) { + if (fstatat(fd, de->d_name, &st, AT_SYMLINK_NOFOLLOW) < 0) { + if (ret == 0 && errno != ENOENT) + ret = -errno; + continue; + } + + is_dir = S_ISDIR(st.st_mode); + keep_around = + honour_sticky && + (st.st_uid == 0 || st.st_uid == getuid()) && + (st.st_mode & S_ISVTX); + } else { + is_dir = de->d_type == DT_DIR; + keep_around = false; + } + + if (is_dir) { + int subdir_fd; + + /* if root_dev is set, remove subdirectories only, if device is same as dir */ + if (root_dev && st.st_dev != root_dev->st_dev) + continue; + + subdir_fd = openat(fd, de->d_name, + O_RDONLY|O_NONBLOCK|O_DIRECTORY|O_CLOEXEC|O_NOFOLLOW|O_NOATIME); + if (subdir_fd < 0) { + if (ret == 0 && errno != ENOENT) + ret = -errno; + continue; + } + + r = rm_rf_children_dangerous(subdir_fd, only_dirs, honour_sticky, root_dev); + if (r < 0 && ret == 0) + ret = r; + + if (!keep_around) + if (unlinkat(fd, de->d_name, AT_REMOVEDIR) < 0) { + if (ret == 0 && errno != ENOENT) + ret = -errno; + } + + } else if (!only_dirs && !keep_around) { + + if (unlinkat(fd, de->d_name, 0) < 0) { + if (ret == 0 && errno != ENOENT) + ret = -errno; + } + } + } + + closedir(d); + + return ret; +} + +int rm_rf_children(int fd, bool only_dirs, bool honour_sticky, struct stat *root_dev) { + struct statfs s; + + assert(fd >= 0); + + if (fstatfs(fd, &s) < 0) { + close_nointr_nofail(fd); + return -errno; + } + + /* We refuse to clean disk file systems with this call. This + * is extra paranoia just to be sure we never ever remove + * non-state data */ + + if (s.f_type != TMPFS_MAGIC && + s.f_type != RAMFS_MAGIC) { + log_error("Attempted to remove disk file system, and we can't allow that."); + close_nointr_nofail(fd); + return -EPERM; + } + + return rm_rf_children_dangerous(fd, only_dirs, honour_sticky, root_dev); +} + +static int rm_rf_internal(const char *path, bool only_dirs, bool delete_root, bool honour_sticky, bool dangerous) { + int fd, r; + struct statfs s; + + assert(path); + + /* We refuse to clean the root file system with this + * call. This is extra paranoia to never cause a really + * seriously broken system. */ + if (path_equal(path, "/")) { + log_error("Attempted to remove entire root file system, and we can't allow that."); + return -EPERM; + } + + fd = open(path, O_RDONLY|O_NONBLOCK|O_DIRECTORY|O_CLOEXEC|O_NOFOLLOW|O_NOATIME); + if (fd < 0) { + + if (errno != ENOTDIR) + return -errno; + + if (!dangerous) { + if (statfs(path, &s) < 0) + return -errno; + + if (s.f_type != TMPFS_MAGIC && + s.f_type != RAMFS_MAGIC) { + log_error("Attempted to remove disk file system, and we can't allow that."); + return -EPERM; + } + } + + if (delete_root && !only_dirs) + if (unlink(path) < 0 && errno != ENOENT) + return -errno; + + return 0; + } + + if (!dangerous) { + if (fstatfs(fd, &s) < 0) { + close_nointr_nofail(fd); + return -errno; + } + + if (s.f_type != TMPFS_MAGIC && + s.f_type != RAMFS_MAGIC) { + log_error("Attempted to remove disk file system, and we can't allow that."); + close_nointr_nofail(fd); + return -EPERM; + } + } + + r = rm_rf_children_dangerous(fd, only_dirs, honour_sticky, NULL); + if (delete_root) { + + if (honour_sticky && file_is_priv_sticky(path) > 0) + return r; + + if (rmdir(path) < 0 && errno != ENOENT) { + if (r == 0) + r = -errno; + } + } + + return r; +} + +int rm_rf(const char *path, bool only_dirs, bool delete_root, bool honour_sticky) { + return rm_rf_internal(path, only_dirs, delete_root, honour_sticky, false); +} + +int rm_rf_dangerous(const char *path, bool only_dirs, bool delete_root, bool honour_sticky) { + return rm_rf_internal(path, only_dirs, delete_root, honour_sticky, true); +} + +int chmod_and_chown(const char *path, mode_t mode, uid_t uid, gid_t gid) { + assert(path); + + /* Under the assumption that we are running privileged we + * first change the access mode and only then hand out + * ownership to avoid a window where access is too open. */ + + if (mode != (mode_t) -1) + if (chmod(path, mode) < 0) + return -errno; + + if (uid != (uid_t) -1 || gid != (gid_t) -1) + if (chown(path, uid, gid) < 0) + return -errno; + + return 0; +} + +int fchmod_and_fchown(int fd, mode_t mode, uid_t uid, gid_t gid) { + assert(fd >= 0); + + /* Under the assumption that we are running privileged we + * first change the access mode and only then hand out + * ownership to avoid a window where access is too open. */ + + if (fchmod(fd, mode) < 0) + return -errno; + + if (fchown(fd, uid, gid) < 0) + return -errno; + + return 0; +} + +cpu_set_t* cpu_set_malloc(unsigned *ncpus) { + cpu_set_t *r; + unsigned n = 1024; + + /* Allocates the cpuset in the right size */ + + for (;;) { + if (!(r = CPU_ALLOC(n))) + return NULL; + + if (sched_getaffinity(0, CPU_ALLOC_SIZE(n), r) >= 0) { + CPU_ZERO_S(CPU_ALLOC_SIZE(n), r); + + if (ncpus) + *ncpus = n; + + return r; + } + + CPU_FREE(r); + + if (errno != EINVAL) + return NULL; + + n *= 2; + } +} + +int status_vprintf(const char *status, bool ellipse, const char *format, va_list ap) { + static const char status_indent[] = " "; /* "[" STATUS "] " */ + _cleanup_free_ char *s = NULL; + _cleanup_close_ int fd = -1; + struct iovec iovec[5]; + int n = 0; + + assert(format); + + /* This is independent of logging, as status messages are + * optional and go exclusively to the console. */ + + if (vasprintf(&s, format, ap) < 0) + return log_oom(); + + fd = open_terminal("/dev/console", O_WRONLY|O_NOCTTY|O_CLOEXEC); + if (fd < 0) + return fd; + + if (ellipse) { + char *e; + size_t emax, sl; + int c; + + c = fd_columns(fd); + if (c <= 0) + c = 80; + + sl = status ? sizeof(status_indent)-1 : 0; + + emax = c - sl - 1; + if (emax < 3) + emax = 3; + + e = ellipsize(s, emax, 75); + if (e) { + free(s); + s = e; + } + } + + zero(iovec); + + if (status) { + if (!isempty(status)) { + IOVEC_SET_STRING(iovec[n++], "["); + IOVEC_SET_STRING(iovec[n++], status); + IOVEC_SET_STRING(iovec[n++], "] "); + } else + IOVEC_SET_STRING(iovec[n++], status_indent); + } + + IOVEC_SET_STRING(iovec[n++], s); + IOVEC_SET_STRING(iovec[n++], "\n"); + + if (writev(fd, iovec, n) < 0) + return -errno; + + return 0; +} + +int status_printf(const char *status, bool ellipse, const char *format, ...) { + va_list ap; + int r; + + assert(format); + + va_start(ap, format); + r = status_vprintf(status, ellipse, format, ap); + va_end(ap); + + return r; +} + +int status_welcome(void) { + int r; + _cleanup_free_ char *pretty_name = NULL, *ansi_color = NULL; + + r = parse_env_file("/etc/os-release", NEWLINE, + "PRETTY_NAME", &pretty_name, + "ANSI_COLOR", &ansi_color, + NULL); + if (r < 0 && r != -ENOENT) + log_warning("Failed to read /etc/os-release: %s", strerror(-r)); + + return status_printf(NULL, false, + "\nWelcome to \x1B[%sm%s\x1B[0m!\n", + isempty(ansi_color) ? "1" : ansi_color, + isempty(pretty_name) ? "Linux" : pretty_name); +} + +char *replace_env(const char *format, char **env) { + enum { + WORD, + CURLY, + VARIABLE + } state = WORD; + + const char *e, *word = format; + char *r = NULL, *k; + + assert(format); + + for (e = format; *e; e ++) { + + switch (state) { + + case WORD: + if (*e == '$') + state = CURLY; + break; + + case CURLY: + if (*e == '{') { + if (!(k = strnappend(r, word, e-word-1))) + goto fail; + + free(r); + r = k; + + word = e-1; + state = VARIABLE; + + } else if (*e == '$') { + if (!(k = strnappend(r, word, e-word))) + goto fail; + + free(r); + r = k; + + word = e+1; + state = WORD; + } else + state = WORD; + break; + + case VARIABLE: + if (*e == '}') { + const char *t; + + if (!(t = strv_env_get_with_length(env, word+2, e-word-2))) + t = ""; + + if (!(k = strappend(r, t))) + goto fail; + + free(r); + r = k; + + word = e+1; + state = WORD; + } + break; + } + } + + if (!(k = strnappend(r, word, e-word))) + goto fail; + + free(r); + return k; + +fail: + free(r); + return NULL; +} + +char **replace_env_argv(char **argv, char **env) { + char **r, **i; + unsigned k = 0, l = 0; + + l = strv_length(argv); + + if (!(r = new(char*, l+1))) + return NULL; + + STRV_FOREACH(i, argv) { + + /* If $FOO appears as single word, replace it by the split up variable */ + if ((*i)[0] == '$' && (*i)[1] != '{') { + char *e; + char **w, **m; + unsigned q; + + if ((e = strv_env_get(env, *i+1))) { + + if (!(m = strv_split_quoted(e))) { + r[k] = NULL; + strv_free(r); + return NULL; + } + } else + m = NULL; + + q = strv_length(m); + l = l + q - 1; + + if (!(w = realloc(r, sizeof(char*) * (l+1)))) { + r[k] = NULL; + strv_free(r); + strv_free(m); + return NULL; + } + + r = w; + if (m) { + memcpy(r + k, m, q * sizeof(char*)); + free(m); + } + + k += q; + continue; + } + + /* If ${FOO} appears as part of a word, replace it by the variable as-is */ + if (!(r[k++] = replace_env(*i, env))) { + strv_free(r); + return NULL; + } + } + + r[k] = NULL; + return r; +} + +int fd_columns(int fd) { + struct winsize ws; + zero(ws); + + if (ioctl(fd, TIOCGWINSZ, &ws) < 0) + return -errno; + + if (ws.ws_col <= 0) + return -EIO; + + return ws.ws_col; +} + +unsigned columns(void) { + const char *e; + unsigned c; + + if (_likely_(cached_columns > 0)) + return cached_columns; + + c = 0; + e = getenv("COLUMNS"); + if (e) + safe_atou(e, &c); + + if (c <= 0) + c = fd_columns(STDOUT_FILENO); + + if (c <= 0) + c = 80; + + cached_columns = c; + return c; +} + +int fd_lines(int fd) { + struct winsize ws; + zero(ws); + + if (ioctl(fd, TIOCGWINSZ, &ws) < 0) + return -errno; + + if (ws.ws_row <= 0) + return -EIO; + + return ws.ws_row; +} + +unsigned lines(void) { + const char *e; + unsigned l; + + if (_likely_(cached_lines > 0)) + return cached_lines; + + l = 0; + e = getenv("LINES"); + if (e) + safe_atou(e, &l); + + if (l <= 0) + l = fd_lines(STDOUT_FILENO); + + if (l <= 0) + l = 24; + + cached_lines = l; + return cached_lines; +} + +/* intended to be used as a SIGWINCH sighandler */ +void columns_lines_cache_reset(int signum) { + cached_columns = 0; + cached_lines = 0; +} + +bool on_tty(void) { + static int cached_on_tty = -1; + + if (_unlikely_(cached_on_tty < 0)) + cached_on_tty = isatty(STDOUT_FILENO) > 0; + + return cached_on_tty; +} + +int running_in_chroot(void) { + struct stat a, b; + + zero(a); + zero(b); + + /* Only works as root */ + + if (stat("/proc/1/root", &a) < 0) + return -errno; + + if (stat("/", &b) < 0) + return -errno; + + return + a.st_dev != b.st_dev || + a.st_ino != b.st_ino; +} + +char *ellipsize_mem(const char *s, size_t old_length, size_t new_length, unsigned percent) { + size_t x; + char *r; + + assert(s); + assert(percent <= 100); + assert(new_length >= 3); + + if (old_length <= 3 || old_length <= new_length) + return strndup(s, old_length); + + r = new0(char, new_length+1); + if (!r) + return r; + + x = (new_length * percent) / 100; + + if (x > new_length - 3) + x = new_length - 3; + + memcpy(r, s, x); + r[x] = '.'; + r[x+1] = '.'; + r[x+2] = '.'; + memcpy(r + x + 3, + s + old_length - (new_length - x - 3), + new_length - x - 3); + + return r; +} + +char *ellipsize(const char *s, size_t length, unsigned percent) { + return ellipsize_mem(s, strlen(s), length, percent); +} + +int touch(const char *path) { + int fd; + + assert(path); + + /* This just opens the file for writing, ensuring it + * exists. It doesn't call utimensat() the way /usr/bin/touch + * does it. */ + + fd = open(path, O_WRONLY|O_CREAT|O_CLOEXEC|O_NOCTTY, 0644); + if (fd < 0) + return -errno; + + close_nointr_nofail(fd); + return 0; +} + +char *unquote(const char *s, const char* quotes) { + size_t l; + assert(s); + + /* This is rather stupid, simply removes the heading and + * trailing quotes if there is one. Doesn't care about + * escaping or anything. We should make this smarter one + * day...*/ + + l = strlen(s); + if (l < 2) + return strdup(s); + + if (strchr(quotes, s[0]) && s[l-1] == s[0]) + return strndup(s+1, l-2); + + return strdup(s); +} + +char *normalize_env_assignment(const char *s) { + _cleanup_free_ char *name = NULL, *value = NULL, *p = NULL; + char *eq, *r; + + eq = strchr(s, '='); + if (!eq) { + char *t; + + r = strdup(s); + if (!r) + return NULL; + + t = strstrip(r); + if (t == r) + return r; + + memmove(r, t, strlen(t) + 1); + return r; + } + + name = strndup(s, eq - s); + if (!name) + return NULL; + + p = strdup(eq + 1); + if (!p) + return NULL; + + value = unquote(strstrip(p), QUOTES); + if (!value) + return NULL; + + if (asprintf(&r, "%s=%s", strstrip(name), value) < 0) + r = NULL; + + return r; +} + +int wait_for_terminate(pid_t pid, siginfo_t *status) { + siginfo_t dummy; + + assert(pid >= 1); + + if (!status) + status = &dummy; + + for (;;) { + zero(*status); + + if (waitid(P_PID, pid, status, WEXITED) < 0) { + + if (errno == EINTR) + continue; + + return -errno; + } + + return 0; + } +} + +int wait_for_terminate_and_warn(const char *name, pid_t pid) { + int r; + siginfo_t status; + + assert(name); + assert(pid > 1); + + r = wait_for_terminate(pid, &status); + if (r < 0) { + log_warning("Failed to wait for %s: %s", name, strerror(-r)); + return r; + } + + if (status.si_code == CLD_EXITED) { + if (status.si_status != 0) { + log_warning("%s failed with error code %i.", name, status.si_status); + return status.si_status; + } + + log_debug("%s succeeded.", name); + return 0; + + } else if (status.si_code == CLD_KILLED || + status.si_code == CLD_DUMPED) { + + log_warning("%s terminated by signal %s.", name, signal_to_string(status.si_status)); + return -EPROTO; + } + + log_warning("%s failed due to unknown reason.", name); + return -EPROTO; +} + +_noreturn_ void freeze(void) { + + /* Make sure nobody waits for us on a socket anymore */ + close_all_fds(NULL, 0); + + sync(); + + for (;;) + pause(); +} + +bool null_or_empty(struct stat *st) { + assert(st); + + if (S_ISREG(st->st_mode) && st->st_size <= 0) + return true; + + if (S_ISCHR(st->st_mode) || S_ISBLK(st->st_mode)) + return true; + + return false; +} + +int null_or_empty_path(const char *fn) { + struct stat st; + + assert(fn); + + if (stat(fn, &st) < 0) + return -errno; + + return null_or_empty(&st); +} + +DIR *xopendirat(int fd, const char *name, int flags) { + int nfd; + DIR *d; + + nfd = openat(fd, name, O_RDONLY|O_NONBLOCK|O_DIRECTORY|O_CLOEXEC|flags); + if (nfd < 0) + return NULL; + + d = fdopendir(nfd); + if (!d) { + close_nointr_nofail(nfd); + return NULL; + } + + return d; +} + +int signal_from_string_try_harder(const char *s) { + int signo; + assert(s); + + signo = signal_from_string(s); + if (signo <= 0) + if (startswith(s, "SIG")) + return signal_from_string(s+3); + + return signo; +} + +void dual_timestamp_serialize(FILE *f, const char *name, dual_timestamp *t) { + + assert(f); + assert(name); + assert(t); + + if (!dual_timestamp_is_set(t)) + return; + + fprintf(f, "%s=%llu %llu\n", + name, + (unsigned long long) t->realtime, + (unsigned long long) t->monotonic); +} + +void dual_timestamp_deserialize(const char *value, dual_timestamp *t) { + unsigned long long a, b; + + assert(value); + assert(t); + + if (sscanf(value, "%lli %llu", &a, &b) != 2) + log_debug("Failed to parse finish timestamp value %s", value); + else { + t->realtime = a; + t->monotonic = b; + } +} + +static char *tag_to_udev_node(const char *tagvalue, const char *by) { + char *dn, *t, *u; + int r; + + /* FIXME: to follow udev's logic 100% we need to leave valid + * UTF8 chars unescaped */ + + u = unquote(tagvalue, "\"\'"); + if (u == NULL) + return NULL; + + t = xescape(u, "/ "); + free(u); + + if (t == NULL) + return NULL; + + r = asprintf(&dn, "/dev/disk/by-%s/%s", by, t); + free(t); + + if (r < 0) + return NULL; + + return dn; +} + +char *fstab_node_to_udev_node(const char *p) { + assert(p); + + if (startswith(p, "LABEL=")) + return tag_to_udev_node(p+6, "label"); + + if (startswith(p, "UUID=")) + return tag_to_udev_node(p+5, "uuid"); + + if (startswith(p, "PARTUUID=")) + return tag_to_udev_node(p+9, "partuuid"); + + if (startswith(p, "PARTLABEL=")) + return tag_to_udev_node(p+10, "partlabel"); + + return strdup(p); +} + +bool tty_is_vc(const char *tty) { + assert(tty); + + if (startswith(tty, "/dev/")) + tty += 5; + + return vtnr_from_tty(tty) >= 0; +} + +bool tty_is_console(const char *tty) { + assert(tty); + + if (startswith(tty, "/dev/")) + tty += 5; + + return streq(tty, "console"); +} + +int vtnr_from_tty(const char *tty) { + int i, r; + + assert(tty); + + if (startswith(tty, "/dev/")) + tty += 5; + + if (!startswith(tty, "tty") ) + return -EINVAL; + + if (tty[3] < '0' || tty[3] > '9') + return -EINVAL; + + r = safe_atoi(tty+3, &i); + if (r < 0) + return r; + + if (i < 0 || i > 63) + return -EINVAL; + + return i; +} + +bool tty_is_vc_resolve(const char *tty) { + char *active = NULL; + bool b; + + assert(tty); + + if (startswith(tty, "/dev/")) + tty += 5; + + /* Resolve where /dev/console is pointing to, if /sys is + * actually ours (i.e. not read-only-mounted which is a sign + * for container setups) */ + if (streq(tty, "console") && path_is_read_only_fs("/sys") <= 0) + if (read_one_line_file("/sys/class/tty/console/active", &active) >= 0) { + /* If multiple log outputs are configured the + * last one is what /dev/console points to */ + tty = strrchr(active, ' '); + if (tty) + tty++; + else + tty = active; + } + + b = tty_is_vc(tty); + free(active); + + return b; +} + +const char *default_term_for_tty(const char *tty) { + assert(tty); + + return tty_is_vc_resolve(tty) ? "TERM=linux" : "TERM=vt102"; +} + +bool dirent_is_file(const struct dirent *de) { + assert(de); + + if (ignore_file(de->d_name)) + return false; + + if (de->d_type != DT_REG && + de->d_type != DT_LNK && + de->d_type != DT_UNKNOWN) + return false; + + return true; +} + +bool dirent_is_file_with_suffix(const struct dirent *de, const char *suffix) { + assert(de); + + if (de->d_type != DT_REG && + de->d_type != DT_LNK && + de->d_type != DT_UNKNOWN) + return false; + + if (ignore_file_allow_backup(de->d_name)) + return false; + + return endswith(de->d_name, suffix); +} + +void execute_directory(const char *directory, DIR *d, char *argv[]) { + DIR *_d = NULL; + struct dirent *de; + Hashmap *pids = NULL; + + assert(directory); + + /* Executes all binaries in a directory in parallel and waits + * until all they all finished. */ + + if (!d) { + if (!(_d = opendir(directory))) { + + if (errno == ENOENT) + return; + + log_error("Failed to enumerate directory %s: %m", directory); + return; + } + + d = _d; + } + + if (!(pids = hashmap_new(trivial_hash_func, trivial_compare_func))) { + log_error("Failed to allocate set."); + goto finish; + } + + while ((de = readdir(d))) { + char *path; + pid_t pid; + int k; + + if (!dirent_is_file(de)) + continue; + + if (asprintf(&path, "%s/%s", directory, de->d_name) < 0) { + log_oom(); + continue; + } + + if ((pid = fork()) < 0) { + log_error("Failed to fork: %m"); + free(path); + continue; + } + + if (pid == 0) { + char *_argv[2]; + /* Child */ + + if (!argv) { + _argv[0] = path; + _argv[1] = NULL; + argv = _argv; + } else + argv[0] = path; + + execv(path, argv); + + log_error("Failed to execute %s: %m", path); + _exit(EXIT_FAILURE); + } + + log_debug("Spawned %s as %lu", path, (unsigned long) pid); + + if ((k = hashmap_put(pids, UINT_TO_PTR(pid), path)) < 0) { + log_error("Failed to add PID to set: %s", strerror(-k)); + free(path); + } + } + + while (!hashmap_isempty(pids)) { + pid_t pid = PTR_TO_UINT(hashmap_first_key(pids)); + siginfo_t si; + char *path; + + zero(si); + if (waitid(P_PID, pid, &si, WEXITED) < 0) { + + if (errno == EINTR) + continue; + + log_error("waitid() failed: %m"); + goto finish; + } + + if ((path = hashmap_remove(pids, UINT_TO_PTR(si.si_pid)))) { + if (!is_clean_exit(si.si_code, si.si_status, NULL)) { + if (si.si_code == CLD_EXITED) + log_error("%s exited with exit status %i.", path, si.si_status); + else + log_error("%s terminated by signal %s.", path, signal_to_string(si.si_status)); + } else + log_debug("%s exited successfully.", path); + + free(path); + } + } + +finish: + if (_d) + closedir(_d); + + if (pids) + hashmap_free_free(pids); +} + +int kill_and_sigcont(pid_t pid, int sig) { + int r; + + r = kill(pid, sig) < 0 ? -errno : 0; + + if (r >= 0) + kill(pid, SIGCONT); + + return r; +} + +bool nulstr_contains(const char*nulstr, const char *needle) { + const char *i; + + if (!nulstr) + return false; + + NULSTR_FOREACH(i, nulstr) + if (streq(i, needle)) + return true; + + return false; +} + +bool plymouth_running(void) { + return access("/run/plymouth/pid", F_OK) >= 0; +} + +char* strshorten(char *s, size_t l) { + assert(s); + + if (l < strlen(s)) + s[l] = 0; + + return s; +} + +static bool hostname_valid_char(char c) { + return + (c >= 'a' && c <= 'z') || + (c >= 'A' && c <= 'Z') || + (c >= '0' && c <= '9') || + c == '-' || + c == '_' || + c == '.'; +} + +bool hostname_is_valid(const char *s) { + const char *p; + + if (isempty(s)) + return false; + + for (p = s; *p; p++) + if (!hostname_valid_char(*p)) + return false; + + if (p-s > HOST_NAME_MAX) + return false; + + return true; +} + +char* hostname_cleanup(char *s) { + char *p, *d; + + for (p = s, d = s; *p; p++) + if ((*p >= 'a' && *p <= 'z') || + (*p >= 'A' && *p <= 'Z') || + (*p >= '0' && *p <= '9') || + *p == '-' || + *p == '_' || + *p == '.') + *(d++) = *p; + + *d = 0; + + strshorten(s, HOST_NAME_MAX); + return s; +} + +int pipe_eof(int fd) { + struct pollfd pollfd; + int r; + + zero(pollfd); + pollfd.fd = fd; + pollfd.events = POLLIN|POLLHUP; + + r = poll(&pollfd, 1, 0); + if (r < 0) + return -errno; + + if (r == 0) + return 0; + + return pollfd.revents & POLLHUP; +} + +int fd_wait_for_event(int fd, int event, usec_t t) { + struct pollfd pollfd; + int r; + + zero(pollfd); + pollfd.fd = fd; + pollfd.events = event; + + r = poll(&pollfd, 1, t == (usec_t) -1 ? -1 : (int) (t / USEC_PER_MSEC)); + if (r < 0) + return -errno; + + if (r == 0) + return 0; + + return pollfd.revents; +} + +int fopen_temporary(const char *path, FILE **_f, char **_temp_path) { + FILE *f; + char *t; + const char *fn; + size_t k; + int fd; + + assert(path); + assert(_f); + assert(_temp_path); + + t = new(char, strlen(path) + 1 + 6 + 1); + if (!t) + return -ENOMEM; + + fn = path_get_file_name(path); + k = fn-path; + memcpy(t, path, k); + t[k] = '.'; + stpcpy(stpcpy(t+k+1, fn), "XXXXXX"); + + fd = mkostemp(t, O_WRONLY|O_CLOEXEC); + if (fd < 0) { + free(t); + return -errno; + } + + f = fdopen(fd, "we"); + if (!f) { + unlink(t); + free(t); + return -errno; + } + + *_f = f; + *_temp_path = t; + + return 0; +} + +int terminal_vhangup_fd(int fd) { + assert(fd >= 0); + + if (ioctl(fd, TIOCVHANGUP) < 0) + return -errno; + + return 0; +} + +int terminal_vhangup(const char *name) { + int fd, r; + + fd = open_terminal(name, O_RDWR|O_NOCTTY|O_CLOEXEC); + if (fd < 0) + return fd; + + r = terminal_vhangup_fd(fd); + close_nointr_nofail(fd); + + return r; +} + +int vt_disallocate(const char *name) { + int fd, r; + unsigned u; + + /* Deallocate the VT if possible. If not possible + * (i.e. because it is the active one), at least clear it + * entirely (including the scrollback buffer) */ + + if (!startswith(name, "/dev/")) + return -EINVAL; + + if (!tty_is_vc(name)) { + /* So this is not a VT. I guess we cannot deallocate + * it then. But let's at least clear the screen */ + + fd = open_terminal(name, O_RDWR|O_NOCTTY|O_CLOEXEC); + if (fd < 0) + return fd; + + loop_write(fd, + "\033[r" /* clear scrolling region */ + "\033[H" /* move home */ + "\033[2J", /* clear screen */ + 10, false); + close_nointr_nofail(fd); + + return 0; + } + + if (!startswith(name, "/dev/tty")) + return -EINVAL; + + r = safe_atou(name+8, &u); + if (r < 0) + return r; + + if (u <= 0) + return -EINVAL; + + /* Try to deallocate */ + fd = open_terminal("/dev/tty0", O_RDWR|O_NOCTTY|O_CLOEXEC); + if (fd < 0) + return fd; + + r = ioctl(fd, VT_DISALLOCATE, u); + close_nointr_nofail(fd); + + if (r >= 0) + return 0; + + if (errno != EBUSY) + return -errno; + + /* Couldn't deallocate, so let's clear it fully with + * scrollback */ + fd = open_terminal(name, O_RDWR|O_NOCTTY|O_CLOEXEC); + if (fd < 0) + return fd; + + loop_write(fd, + "\033[r" /* clear scrolling region */ + "\033[H" /* move home */ + "\033[3J", /* clear screen including scrollback, requires Linux 2.6.40 */ + 10, false); + close_nointr_nofail(fd); + + return 0; +} + +int copy_file(const char *from, const char *to) { + int r, fdf, fdt; + + assert(from); + assert(to); + + fdf = open(from, O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC|O_NOCTTY); + if (fdf < 0) + return -errno; + + fdt = open(to, O_WRONLY|O_CREAT|O_EXCL|O_CLOEXEC|O_NOCTTY, 0644); + if (fdt < 0) { + close_nointr_nofail(fdf); + return -errno; + } + + for (;;) { + char buf[PIPE_BUF]; + ssize_t n, k; + + n = read(fdf, buf, sizeof(buf)); + if (n < 0) { + r = -errno; + + close_nointr_nofail(fdf); + close_nointr(fdt); + unlink(to); + + return r; + } + + if (n == 0) + break; + + errno = 0; + k = loop_write(fdt, buf, n, false); + if (n != k) { + r = k < 0 ? k : (errno ? -errno : -EIO); + + close_nointr_nofail(fdf); + close_nointr(fdt); + + unlink(to); + return r; + } + } + + close_nointr_nofail(fdf); + r = close_nointr(fdt); + + if (r < 0) { + unlink(to); + return r; + } + + return 0; +} + +int symlink_atomic(const char *from, const char *to) { + char *x; + _cleanup_free_ char *t; + const char *fn; + size_t k; + unsigned long long ull; + unsigned i; + int r; + + assert(from); + assert(to); + + t = new(char, strlen(to) + 1 + 16 + 1); + if (!t) + return -ENOMEM; + + fn = path_get_file_name(to); + k = fn-to; + memcpy(t, to, k); + t[k] = '.'; + x = stpcpy(t+k+1, fn); + + ull = random_ull(); + for (i = 0; i < 16; i++) { + *(x++) = hexchar(ull & 0xF); + ull >>= 4; + } + + *x = 0; + + if (symlink(from, t) < 0) + return -errno; + + if (rename(t, to) < 0) { + r = -errno; + unlink(t); + return r; + } + + return 0; +} + +bool display_is_local(const char *display) { + assert(display); + + return + display[0] == ':' && + display[1] >= '0' && + display[1] <= '9'; +} + +int socket_from_display(const char *display, char **path) { + size_t k; + char *f, *c; + + assert(display); + assert(path); + + if (!display_is_local(display)) + return -EINVAL; + + k = strspn(display+1, "0123456789"); + + f = new(char, sizeof("/tmp/.X11-unix/X") + k); + if (!f) + return -ENOMEM; + + c = stpcpy(f, "/tmp/.X11-unix/X"); + memcpy(c, display+1, k); + c[k] = 0; + + *path = f; + + return 0; +} + +int get_user_creds( + const char **username, + uid_t *uid, gid_t *gid, + const char **home, + const char **shell) { + + struct passwd *p; + uid_t u; + + assert(username); + assert(*username); + + /* We enforce some special rules for uid=0: in order to avoid + * NSS lookups for root we hardcode its data. */ + + if (streq(*username, "root") || streq(*username, "0")) { + *username = "root"; + + if (uid) + *uid = 0; + + if (gid) + *gid = 0; + + if (home) + *home = "/root"; + + if (shell) + *shell = "/bin/sh"; + + return 0; + } + + if (parse_uid(*username, &u) >= 0) { + errno = 0; + p = getpwuid(u); + + /* If there are multiple users with the same id, make + * sure to leave $USER to the configured value instead + * of the first occurrence in the database. However if + * the uid was configured by a numeric uid, then let's + * pick the real username from /etc/passwd. */ + if (p) + *username = p->pw_name; + } else { + errno = 0; + p = getpwnam(*username); + } + + if (!p) + return errno != 0 ? -errno : -ESRCH; + + if (uid) + *uid = p->pw_uid; + + if (gid) + *gid = p->pw_gid; + + if (home) + *home = p->pw_dir; + + if (shell) + *shell = p->pw_shell; + + return 0; +} + +int get_group_creds(const char **groupname, gid_t *gid) { + struct group *g; + gid_t id; + + assert(groupname); + + /* We enforce some special rules for gid=0: in order to avoid + * NSS lookups for root we hardcode its data. */ + + if (streq(*groupname, "root") || streq(*groupname, "0")) { + *groupname = "root"; + + if (gid) + *gid = 0; + + return 0; + } + + if (parse_gid(*groupname, &id) >= 0) { + errno = 0; + g = getgrgid(id); + + if (g) + *groupname = g->gr_name; + } else { + errno = 0; + g = getgrnam(*groupname); + } + + if (!g) + return errno != 0 ? -errno : -ESRCH; + + if (gid) + *gid = g->gr_gid; + + return 0; +} + +int in_group(const char *name) { + gid_t gid, *gids; + int ngroups_max, r, i; + + r = get_group_creds(&name, &gid); + if (r < 0) + return r; + + if (getgid() == gid) + return 1; + + if (getegid() == gid) + return 1; + + ngroups_max = sysconf(_SC_NGROUPS_MAX); + assert(ngroups_max > 0); + + gids = alloca(sizeof(gid_t) * ngroups_max); + + r = getgroups(ngroups_max, gids); + if (r < 0) + return -errno; + + for (i = 0; i < r; i++) + if (gids[i] == gid) + return 1; + + return 0; +} + +int glob_exists(const char *path) { + glob_t g; + int r, k; + + assert(path); + + zero(g); + errno = 0; + k = glob(path, GLOB_NOSORT|GLOB_BRACE, NULL, &g); + + if (k == GLOB_NOMATCH) + r = 0; + else if (k == GLOB_NOSPACE) + r = -ENOMEM; + else if (k == 0) + r = !strv_isempty(g.gl_pathv); + else + r = errno ? -errno : -EIO; + + globfree(&g); + + return r; +} + +int dirent_ensure_type(DIR *d, struct dirent *de) { + struct stat st; + + assert(d); + assert(de); + + if (de->d_type != DT_UNKNOWN) + return 0; + + if (fstatat(dirfd(d), de->d_name, &st, AT_SYMLINK_NOFOLLOW) < 0) + return -errno; + + de->d_type = + S_ISREG(st.st_mode) ? DT_REG : + S_ISDIR(st.st_mode) ? DT_DIR : + S_ISLNK(st.st_mode) ? DT_LNK : + S_ISFIFO(st.st_mode) ? DT_FIFO : + S_ISSOCK(st.st_mode) ? DT_SOCK : + S_ISCHR(st.st_mode) ? DT_CHR : + S_ISBLK(st.st_mode) ? DT_BLK : + DT_UNKNOWN; + + return 0; +} + +int in_search_path(const char *path, char **search) { + char **i, *parent; + int r; + + r = path_get_parent(path, &parent); + if (r < 0) + return r; + + r = 0; + + STRV_FOREACH(i, search) { + if (path_equal(parent, *i)) { + r = 1; + break; + } + } + + free(parent); + + return r; +} + +int get_files_in_directory(const char *path, char ***list) { + DIR *d; + int r = 0; + unsigned n = 0; + char **l = NULL; + + assert(path); + + /* Returns all files in a directory in *list, and the number + * of files as return value. If list is NULL returns only the + * number */ + + d = opendir(path); + if (!d) + return -errno; + + for (;;) { + struct dirent *de; + union dirent_storage buf; + int k; + + k = readdir_r(d, &buf.de, &de); + if (k != 0) { + r = -k; + goto finish; + } + + if (!de) + break; + + dirent_ensure_type(d, de); + + if (!dirent_is_file(de)) + continue; + + if (list) { + if ((unsigned) r >= n) { + char **t; + + n = MAX(16, 2*r); + t = realloc(l, sizeof(char*) * n); + if (!t) { + r = -ENOMEM; + goto finish; + } + + l = t; + } + + assert((unsigned) r < n); + + l[r] = strdup(de->d_name); + if (!l[r]) { + r = -ENOMEM; + goto finish; + } + + l[++r] = NULL; + } else + r++; + } + +finish: + if (d) + closedir(d); + + if (r >= 0) { + if (list) + *list = l; + } else + strv_free(l); + + return r; +} + +char *strjoin(const char *x, ...) { + va_list ap; + size_t l; + char *r, *p; + + va_start(ap, x); + + if (x) { + l = strlen(x); + + for (;;) { + const char *t; + size_t n; + + t = va_arg(ap, const char *); + if (!t) + break; + + n = strlen(t); + if (n > ((size_t) -1) - l) { + va_end(ap); + return NULL; + } + + l += n; + } + } else + l = 0; + + va_end(ap); + + r = new(char, l+1); + if (!r) + return NULL; + + if (x) { + p = stpcpy(r, x); + + va_start(ap, x); + + for (;;) { + const char *t; + + t = va_arg(ap, const char *); + if (!t) + break; + + p = stpcpy(p, t); + } + + va_end(ap); + } else + r[0] = 0; + + return r; +} + +bool is_main_thread(void) { + static __thread int cached = 0; + + if (_unlikely_(cached == 0)) + cached = getpid() == gettid() ? 1 : -1; + + return cached > 0; +} + +int block_get_whole_disk(dev_t d, dev_t *ret) { + char *p, *s; + int r; + unsigned n, m; + + assert(ret); + + /* If it has a queue this is good enough for us */ + if (asprintf(&p, "/sys/dev/block/%u:%u/queue", major(d), minor(d)) < 0) + return -ENOMEM; + + r = access(p, F_OK); + free(p); + + if (r >= 0) { + *ret = d; + return 0; + } + + /* If it is a partition find the originating device */ + if (asprintf(&p, "/sys/dev/block/%u:%u/partition", major(d), minor(d)) < 0) + return -ENOMEM; + + r = access(p, F_OK); + free(p); + + if (r < 0) + return -ENOENT; + + /* Get parent dev_t */ + if (asprintf(&p, "/sys/dev/block/%u:%u/../dev", major(d), minor(d)) < 0) + return -ENOMEM; + + r = read_one_line_file(p, &s); + free(p); + + if (r < 0) + return r; + + r = sscanf(s, "%u:%u", &m, &n); + free(s); + + if (r != 2) + return -EINVAL; + + /* Only return this if it is really good enough for us. */ + if (asprintf(&p, "/sys/dev/block/%u:%u/queue", m, n) < 0) + return -ENOMEM; + + r = access(p, F_OK); + free(p); + + if (r >= 0) { + *ret = makedev(m, n); + return 0; + } + + return -ENOENT; +} + +int file_is_priv_sticky(const char *p) { + struct stat st; + + assert(p); + + if (lstat(p, &st) < 0) + return -errno; + + return + (st.st_uid == 0 || st.st_uid == getuid()) && + (st.st_mode & S_ISVTX); +} + +static const char *const ioprio_class_table[] = { + [IOPRIO_CLASS_NONE] = "none", + [IOPRIO_CLASS_RT] = "realtime", + [IOPRIO_CLASS_BE] = "best-effort", + [IOPRIO_CLASS_IDLE] = "idle" +}; + +DEFINE_STRING_TABLE_LOOKUP_WITH_FALLBACK(ioprio_class, int, INT_MAX); + +static const char *const sigchld_code_table[] = { + [CLD_EXITED] = "exited", + [CLD_KILLED] = "killed", + [CLD_DUMPED] = "dumped", + [CLD_TRAPPED] = "trapped", + [CLD_STOPPED] = "stopped", + [CLD_CONTINUED] = "continued", +}; + +DEFINE_STRING_TABLE_LOOKUP(sigchld_code, int); + +static const char *const log_facility_unshifted_table[LOG_NFACILITIES] = { + [LOG_FAC(LOG_KERN)] = "kern", + [LOG_FAC(LOG_USER)] = "user", + [LOG_FAC(LOG_MAIL)] = "mail", + [LOG_FAC(LOG_DAEMON)] = "daemon", + [LOG_FAC(LOG_AUTH)] = "auth", + [LOG_FAC(LOG_SYSLOG)] = "syslog", + [LOG_FAC(LOG_LPR)] = "lpr", + [LOG_FAC(LOG_NEWS)] = "news", + [LOG_FAC(LOG_UUCP)] = "uucp", + [LOG_FAC(LOG_CRON)] = "cron", + [LOG_FAC(LOG_AUTHPRIV)] = "authpriv", + [LOG_FAC(LOG_FTP)] = "ftp", + [LOG_FAC(LOG_LOCAL0)] = "local0", + [LOG_FAC(LOG_LOCAL1)] = "local1", + [LOG_FAC(LOG_LOCAL2)] = "local2", + [LOG_FAC(LOG_LOCAL3)] = "local3", + [LOG_FAC(LOG_LOCAL4)] = "local4", + [LOG_FAC(LOG_LOCAL5)] = "local5", + [LOG_FAC(LOG_LOCAL6)] = "local6", + [LOG_FAC(LOG_LOCAL7)] = "local7" +}; + +DEFINE_STRING_TABLE_LOOKUP_WITH_FALLBACK(log_facility_unshifted, int, LOG_FAC(~0)); + +static const char *const log_level_table[] = { + [LOG_EMERG] = "emerg", + [LOG_ALERT] = "alert", + [LOG_CRIT] = "crit", + [LOG_ERR] = "err", + [LOG_WARNING] = "warning", + [LOG_NOTICE] = "notice", + [LOG_INFO] = "info", + [LOG_DEBUG] = "debug" +}; + +DEFINE_STRING_TABLE_LOOKUP_WITH_FALLBACK(log_level, int, LOG_DEBUG); + +static const char* const sched_policy_table[] = { + [SCHED_OTHER] = "other", + [SCHED_BATCH] = "batch", + [SCHED_IDLE] = "idle", + [SCHED_FIFO] = "fifo", + [SCHED_RR] = "rr" +}; + +DEFINE_STRING_TABLE_LOOKUP_WITH_FALLBACK(sched_policy, int, INT_MAX); + +static const char* const rlimit_table[] = { + [RLIMIT_CPU] = "LimitCPU", + [RLIMIT_FSIZE] = "LimitFSIZE", + [RLIMIT_DATA] = "LimitDATA", + [RLIMIT_STACK] = "LimitSTACK", + [RLIMIT_CORE] = "LimitCORE", + [RLIMIT_RSS] = "LimitRSS", + [RLIMIT_NOFILE] = "LimitNOFILE", + [RLIMIT_AS] = "LimitAS", + [RLIMIT_NPROC] = "LimitNPROC", + [RLIMIT_MEMLOCK] = "LimitMEMLOCK", + [RLIMIT_LOCKS] = "LimitLOCKS", + [RLIMIT_SIGPENDING] = "LimitSIGPENDING", + [RLIMIT_MSGQUEUE] = "LimitMSGQUEUE", + [RLIMIT_NICE] = "LimitNICE", + [RLIMIT_RTPRIO] = "LimitRTPRIO", + [RLIMIT_RTTIME] = "LimitRTTIME" +}; + +DEFINE_STRING_TABLE_LOOKUP(rlimit, int); + +static const char* const ip_tos_table[] = { + [IPTOS_LOWDELAY] = "low-delay", + [IPTOS_THROUGHPUT] = "throughput", + [IPTOS_RELIABILITY] = "reliability", + [IPTOS_LOWCOST] = "low-cost", +}; + +DEFINE_STRING_TABLE_LOOKUP_WITH_FALLBACK(ip_tos, int, 0xff); + +static const char *const __signal_table[] = { + [SIGHUP] = "HUP", + [SIGINT] = "INT", + [SIGQUIT] = "QUIT", + [SIGILL] = "ILL", + [SIGTRAP] = "TRAP", + [SIGABRT] = "ABRT", + [SIGBUS] = "BUS", + [SIGFPE] = "FPE", + [SIGKILL] = "KILL", + [SIGUSR1] = "USR1", + [SIGSEGV] = "SEGV", + [SIGUSR2] = "USR2", + [SIGPIPE] = "PIPE", + [SIGALRM] = "ALRM", + [SIGTERM] = "TERM", +#ifdef SIGSTKFLT + [SIGSTKFLT] = "STKFLT", /* Linux on SPARC doesn't know SIGSTKFLT */ +#endif + [SIGCHLD] = "CHLD", + [SIGCONT] = "CONT", + [SIGSTOP] = "STOP", + [SIGTSTP] = "TSTP", + [SIGTTIN] = "TTIN", + [SIGTTOU] = "TTOU", + [SIGURG] = "URG", + [SIGXCPU] = "XCPU", + [SIGXFSZ] = "XFSZ", + [SIGVTALRM] = "VTALRM", + [SIGPROF] = "PROF", + [SIGWINCH] = "WINCH", + [SIGIO] = "IO", + [SIGPWR] = "PWR", + [SIGSYS] = "SYS" +}; + +DEFINE_PRIVATE_STRING_TABLE_LOOKUP(__signal, int); + +const char *signal_to_string(int signo) { + static __thread char buf[12]; + const char *name; + + name = __signal_to_string(signo); + if (name) + return name; + + if (signo >= SIGRTMIN && signo <= SIGRTMAX) + snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf) - 1, "RTMIN+%d", signo - SIGRTMIN); + else + snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf) - 1, "%d", signo); + char_array_0(buf); + return buf; +} + +int signal_from_string(const char *s) { + int signo; + int offset = 0; + unsigned u; + + signo = __signal_from_string(s); + if (signo > 0) + return signo; + + if (startswith(s, "RTMIN+")) { + s += 6; + offset = SIGRTMIN; + } + if (safe_atou(s, &u) >= 0) { + signo = (int) u + offset; + if (signo > 0 && signo < _NSIG) + return signo; + } + return -1; +} + +bool kexec_loaded(void) { + bool loaded = false; + char *s; + + if (read_one_line_file("/sys/kernel/kexec_loaded", &s) >= 0) { + if (s[0] == '1') + loaded = true; + free(s); + } + return loaded; +} + +int strdup_or_null(const char *a, char **b) { + char *c; + + assert(b); + + if (!a) { + *b = NULL; + return 0; + } + + c = strdup(a); + if (!c) + return -ENOMEM; + + *b = c; + return 0; +} + +int prot_from_flags(int flags) { + + switch (flags & O_ACCMODE) { + + case O_RDONLY: + return PROT_READ; + + case O_WRONLY: + return PROT_WRITE; + + case O_RDWR: + return PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE; + + default: + return -EINVAL; + } +} + +char *format_bytes(char *buf, size_t l, off_t t) { + unsigned i; + + static const struct { + const char *suffix; + off_t factor; + } table[] = { + { "E", 1024ULL*1024ULL*1024ULL*1024ULL*1024ULL*1024ULL }, + { "P", 1024ULL*1024ULL*1024ULL*1024ULL*1024ULL }, + { "T", 1024ULL*1024ULL*1024ULL*1024ULL }, + { "G", 1024ULL*1024ULL*1024ULL }, + { "M", 1024ULL*1024ULL }, + { "K", 1024ULL }, + }; + + for (i = 0; i < ELEMENTSOF(table); i++) { + + if (t >= table[i].factor) { + snprintf(buf, l, + "%llu.%llu%s", + (unsigned long long) (t / table[i].factor), + (unsigned long long) (((t*10ULL) / table[i].factor) % 10ULL), + table[i].suffix); + + goto finish; + } + } + + snprintf(buf, l, "%lluB", (unsigned long long) t); + +finish: + buf[l-1] = 0; + return buf; + +} + +void* memdup(const void *p, size_t l) { + void *r; + + assert(p); + + r = malloc(l); + if (!r) + return NULL; + + memcpy(r, p, l); + return r; +} + +int fd_inc_sndbuf(int fd, size_t n) { + int r, value; + socklen_t l = sizeof(value); + + r = getsockopt(fd, SOL_SOCKET, SO_SNDBUF, &value, &l); + if (r >= 0 && + l == sizeof(value) && + (size_t) value >= n*2) + return 0; + + value = (int) n; + r = setsockopt(fd, SOL_SOCKET, SO_SNDBUF, &value, sizeof(value)); + if (r < 0) + return -errno; + + return 1; +} + +int fd_inc_rcvbuf(int fd, size_t n) { + int r, value; + socklen_t l = sizeof(value); + + r = getsockopt(fd, SOL_SOCKET, SO_RCVBUF, &value, &l); + if (r >= 0 && + l == sizeof(value) && + (size_t) value >= n*2) + return 0; + + value = (int) n; + r = setsockopt(fd, SOL_SOCKET, SO_RCVBUF, &value, sizeof(value)); + if (r < 0) + return -errno; + + return 1; +} + +int fork_agent(pid_t *pid, const int except[], unsigned n_except, const char *path, ...) { + pid_t parent_pid, agent_pid; + int fd; + bool stdout_is_tty, stderr_is_tty; + unsigned n, i; + va_list ap; + char **l; + + assert(pid); + assert(path); + + parent_pid = getpid(); + + /* Spawns a temporary TTY agent, making sure it goes away when + * we go away */ + + agent_pid = fork(); + if (agent_pid < 0) + return -errno; + + if (agent_pid != 0) { + *pid = agent_pid; + return 0; + } + + /* In the child: + * + * Make sure the agent goes away when the parent dies */ + if (prctl(PR_SET_PDEATHSIG, SIGTERM) < 0) + _exit(EXIT_FAILURE); + + /* Check whether our parent died before we were able + * to set the death signal */ + if (getppid() != parent_pid) + _exit(EXIT_SUCCESS); + + /* Don't leak fds to the agent */ + close_all_fds(except, n_except); + + stdout_is_tty = isatty(STDOUT_FILENO); + stderr_is_tty = isatty(STDERR_FILENO); + + if (!stdout_is_tty || !stderr_is_tty) { + /* Detach from stdout/stderr. and reopen + * /dev/tty for them. This is important to + * ensure that when systemctl is started via + * popen() or a similar call that expects to + * read EOF we actually do generate EOF and + * not delay this indefinitely by because we + * keep an unused copy of stdin around. */ + fd = open("/dev/tty", O_WRONLY); + if (fd < 0) { + log_error("Failed to open /dev/tty: %m"); + _exit(EXIT_FAILURE); + } + + if (!stdout_is_tty) + dup2(fd, STDOUT_FILENO); + + if (!stderr_is_tty) + dup2(fd, STDERR_FILENO); + + if (fd > 2) + close(fd); + } + + /* Count arguments */ + va_start(ap, path); + for (n = 0; va_arg(ap, char*); n++) + ; + va_end(ap); + + /* Allocate strv */ + l = alloca(sizeof(char *) * (n + 1)); + + /* Fill in arguments */ + va_start(ap, path); + for (i = 0; i <= n; i++) + l[i] = va_arg(ap, char*); + va_end(ap); + + execv(path, l); + _exit(EXIT_FAILURE); +} + +int setrlimit_closest(int resource, const struct rlimit *rlim) { + struct rlimit highest, fixed; + + assert(rlim); + + if (setrlimit(resource, rlim) >= 0) + return 0; + + if (errno != EPERM) + return -errno; + + /* So we failed to set the desired setrlimit, then let's try + * to get as close as we can */ + assert_se(getrlimit(resource, &highest) == 0); + + fixed.rlim_cur = MIN(rlim->rlim_cur, highest.rlim_max); + fixed.rlim_max = MIN(rlim->rlim_max, highest.rlim_max); + + if (setrlimit(resource, &fixed) < 0) + return -errno; + + return 0; +} + +int getenv_for_pid(pid_t pid, const char *field, char **_value) { + char path[sizeof("/proc/")-1+10+sizeof("/environ")], *value = NULL; + int r; + FILE *f; + bool done = false; + size_t l; + + assert(field); + assert(_value); + + if (pid == 0) + pid = getpid(); + + snprintf(path, sizeof(path), "/proc/%lu/environ", (unsigned long) pid); + char_array_0(path); + + f = fopen(path, "re"); + if (!f) + return -errno; + + l = strlen(field); + r = 0; + + do { + char line[LINE_MAX]; + unsigned i; + + for (i = 0; i < sizeof(line)-1; i++) { + int c; + + c = getc(f); + if (_unlikely_(c == EOF)) { + done = true; + break; + } else if (c == 0) + break; + + line[i] = c; + } + line[i] = 0; + + if (memcmp(line, field, l) == 0 && line[l] == '=') { + value = strdup(line + l + 1); + if (!value) { + r = -ENOMEM; + break; + } + + r = 1; + break; + } + + } while (!done); + + fclose(f); + + if (r >= 0) + *_value = value; + + return r; +} + +int can_sleep(const char *type) { + char *w, *state; + size_t l, k; + int r; + _cleanup_free_ char *p = NULL; + + assert(type); + + r = read_one_line_file("/sys/power/state", &p); + if (r < 0) + return r == -ENOENT ? 0 : r; + + k = strlen(type); + FOREACH_WORD_SEPARATOR(w, l, p, WHITESPACE, state) + if (l == k && memcmp(w, type, l) == 0) + return true; + + return false; +} + +int can_sleep_disk(const char *type) { + char *w, *state; + size_t l, k; + int r; + _cleanup_free_ char *p = NULL; + + assert(type); + + r = read_one_line_file("/sys/power/disk", &p); + if (r < 0) + return r == -ENOENT ? 0 : r; + + k = strlen(type); + FOREACH_WORD_SEPARATOR(w, l, p, WHITESPACE, state) { + if (l == k && memcmp(w, type, l) == 0) + return true; + + if (l == k + 2 && w[0] == '[' && memcmp(w + 1, type, l - 2) == 0 && w[l-1] == ']') + return true; + } + + return false; +} + +bool is_valid_documentation_url(const char *url) { + assert(url); + + if (startswith(url, "http://") && url[7]) + return true; + + if (startswith(url, "https://") && url[8]) + return true; + + if (startswith(url, "file:") && url[5]) + return true; + + if (startswith(url, "info:") && url[5]) + return true; + + if (startswith(url, "man:") && url[4]) + return true; + + return false; +} + +bool in_initrd(void) { + static __thread int saved = -1; + struct statfs s; + + if (saved >= 0) + return saved; + + /* We make two checks here: + * + * 1. the flag file /etc/initrd-release must exist + * 2. the root file system must be a memory file system + * + * The second check is extra paranoia, since misdetecting an + * initrd can have bad bad consequences due the initrd + * emptying when transititioning to the main systemd. + */ + + saved = access("/etc/initrd-release", F_OK) >= 0 && + statfs("/", &s) >= 0 && + (s.f_type == TMPFS_MAGIC || s.f_type == RAMFS_MAGIC); + + return saved; +} + +void warn_melody(void) { + _cleanup_close_ int fd = -1; + + fd = open("/dev/console", O_WRONLY|O_CLOEXEC|O_NOCTTY); + if (fd < 0) + return; + + /* Yeah, this is synchronous. Kinda sucks. But well... */ + + ioctl(fd, KIOCSOUND, (int)(1193180/440)); + usleep(125*USEC_PER_MSEC); + + ioctl(fd, KIOCSOUND, (int)(1193180/220)); + usleep(125*USEC_PER_MSEC); + + ioctl(fd, KIOCSOUND, (int)(1193180/220)); + usleep(125*USEC_PER_MSEC); + + ioctl(fd, KIOCSOUND, 0); +} + +int make_console_stdio(void) { + int fd, r; + + /* Make /dev/console the controlling terminal and stdin/stdout/stderr */ + + fd = acquire_terminal("/dev/console", false, true, true, (usec_t) -1); + if (fd < 0) { + log_error("Failed to acquire terminal: %s", strerror(-fd)); + return fd; + } + + r = make_stdio(fd); + if (r < 0) { + log_error("Failed to duplicate terminal fd: %s", strerror(-r)); + return r; + } + + return 0; +} + +int get_home_dir(char **_h) { + char *h; + const char *e; + uid_t u; + struct passwd *p; + + assert(_h); + + /* Take the user specified one */ + e = getenv("HOME"); + if (e) { + h = strdup(e); + if (!h) + return -ENOMEM; + + *_h = h; + return 0; + } + + /* Hardcode home directory for root to avoid NSS */ + u = getuid(); + if (u == 0) { + h = strdup("/root"); + if (!h) + return -ENOMEM; + + *_h = h; + return 0; + } + + /* Check the database... */ + errno = 0; + p = getpwuid(u); + if (!p) + return errno ? -errno : -ESRCH; + + if (!path_is_absolute(p->pw_dir)) + return -EINVAL; + + h = strdup(p->pw_dir); + if (!h) + return -ENOMEM; + + *_h = h; + return 0; +} + +int get_shell(char **_sh) { + char *sh; + const char *e; + uid_t u; + struct passwd *p; + + assert(_sh); + + /* Take the user specified one */ + e = getenv("SHELL"); + if (e) { + sh = strdup(e); + if (!sh) + return -ENOMEM; + + *_sh = sh; + return 0; + } + + /* Hardcode home directory for root to avoid NSS */ + u = getuid(); + if (u == 0) { + sh = strdup("/bin/sh"); + if (!sh) + return -ENOMEM; + + *_sh = sh; + return 0; + } + + /* Check the database... */ + errno = 0; + p = getpwuid(u); + if (!p) + return errno ? -errno : -ESRCH; + + if (!path_is_absolute(p->pw_shell)) + return -EINVAL; + + sh = strdup(p->pw_shell); + if (!sh) + return -ENOMEM; + + *_sh = sh; + return 0; +} + +void freep(void *p) { + free(*(void**) p); +} + +void fclosep(FILE **f) { + if (*f) + fclose(*f); +} + +void closep(int *fd) { + if (*fd >= 0) + close_nointr_nofail(*fd); +} + +void closedirp(DIR **d) { + if (*d) + closedir(*d); +} + +void umaskp(mode_t *u) { + umask(*u); +} + +bool filename_is_safe(const char *p) { + + if (isempty(p)) + return false; + + if (strchr(p, '/')) + return false; + + if (streq(p, ".")) + return false; + + if (streq(p, "..")) + return false; + + if (strlen(p) > FILENAME_MAX) + return false; + + return true; +} + +bool string_is_safe(const char *p) { + const char *t; + + assert(p); + + for (t = p; *t; t++) { + if (*t > 0 && *t < ' ') + return false; + + if (strchr("\\\"\'", *t)) + return false; + } + + return true; +} + +int parse_timestamp(const char *t, usec_t *usec) { + const char *k; + struct tm tm, copy; + time_t x; + usec_t plus = 0, minus = 0, ret; + int r; + + /* + * Allowed syntaxes: + * + * 2012-09-22 16:34:22 + * 2012-09-22 16:34 (seconds will be set to 0) + * 2012-09-22 (time will be set to 00:00:00) + * 16:34:22 (date will be set to today) + * 16:34 (date will be set to today, seconds to 0) + * now + * yesterday (time is set to 00:00:00) + * today (time is set to 00:00:00) + * tomorrow (time is set to 00:00:00) + * +5min + * -5days + * + */ + + assert(t); + assert(usec); + + x = time(NULL); + assert_se(localtime_r(&x, &tm)); + + if (streq(t, "now")) + goto finish; + + else if (streq(t, "today")) { + tm.tm_sec = tm.tm_min = tm.tm_hour = 0; + goto finish; + + } else if (streq(t, "yesterday")) { + tm.tm_mday --; + tm.tm_sec = tm.tm_min = tm.tm_hour = 0; + goto finish; + + } else if (streq(t, "tomorrow")) { + tm.tm_mday ++; + tm.tm_sec = tm.tm_min = tm.tm_hour = 0; + goto finish; + + } else if (t[0] == '+') { + + r = parse_usec(t+1, &plus); + if (r < 0) + return r; + + goto finish; + } else if (t[0] == '-') { + + r = parse_usec(t+1, &minus); + if (r < 0) + return r; + + goto finish; + } + + copy = tm; + k = strptime(t, "%y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S", &tm); + if (k && *k == 0) + goto finish; + + tm = copy; + k = strptime(t, "%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S", &tm); + if (k && *k == 0) + goto finish; + + tm = copy; + k = strptime(t, "%y-%m-%d %H:%M", &tm); + if (k && *k == 0) { + tm.tm_sec = 0; + goto finish; + } + + tm = copy; + k = strptime(t, "%Y-%m-%d %H:%M", &tm); + if (k && *k == 0) { + tm.tm_sec = 0; + goto finish; + } + + tm = copy; + k = strptime(t, "%y-%m-%d", &tm); + if (k && *k == 0) { + tm.tm_sec = tm.tm_min = tm.tm_hour = 0; + goto finish; + } + + tm = copy; + k = strptime(t, "%Y-%m-%d", &tm); + if (k && *k == 0) { + tm.tm_sec = tm.tm_min = tm.tm_hour = 0; + goto finish; + } + + tm = copy; + k = strptime(t, "%H:%M:%S", &tm); + if (k && *k == 0) + goto finish; + + tm = copy; + k = strptime(t, "%H:%M", &tm); + if (k && *k == 0) { + tm.tm_sec = 0; + goto finish; + } + + return -EINVAL; + +finish: + x = mktime(&tm); + if (x == (time_t) -1) + return -EINVAL; + + ret = (usec_t) x * USEC_PER_SEC; + + ret += plus; + if (ret > minus) + ret -= minus; + else + ret = 0; + + *usec = ret; + + return 0; +} + +/* hey glibc, APIs with callbacks without a user pointer are so useless */ +void *xbsearch_r(const void *key, const void *base, size_t nmemb, size_t size, + int (*compar) (const void *, const void *, void *), void *arg) { + size_t l, u, idx; + const void *p; + int comparison; + + l = 0; + u = nmemb; + while (l < u) { + idx = (l + u) / 2; + p = (void *)(((const char *) base) + (idx * size)); + comparison = compar(key, p, arg); + if (comparison < 0) + u = idx; + else if (comparison > 0) + l = idx + 1; + else + return (void *)p; + } + return NULL; +} + +bool is_locale_utf8(void) { + const char *set; + static int cached_answer = -1; + + if (cached_answer >= 0) + goto out; + + if (!setlocale(LC_ALL, "")) { + cached_answer = true; + goto out; + } + + set = nl_langinfo(CODESET); + if (!set) { + cached_answer = true; + goto out; + } + + cached_answer = streq(set, "UTF-8"); +out: + return (bool)cached_answer; +} + +const char *draw_special_char(DrawSpecialChar ch) { + static const char *draw_table[2][_DRAW_SPECIAL_CHAR_MAX] = { + /* UTF-8 */ { + [DRAW_TREE_VERT] = "\342\224\202 ", /* │ */ + [DRAW_TREE_BRANCH] = "\342\224\234\342\224\200", /* ├─ */ + [DRAW_TREE_RIGHT] = "\342\224\224\342\224\200", /* └─ */ + [DRAW_TRIANGULAR_BULLET] = "\342\200\243 ", /* ‣ */ + }, + /* ASCII fallback */ { + [DRAW_TREE_VERT] = "| ", + [DRAW_TREE_BRANCH] = "|-", + [DRAW_TREE_RIGHT] = "`-", + [DRAW_TRIANGULAR_BULLET] = "> ", + } + }; + + return draw_table[!is_locale_utf8()][ch]; +} + +char *strreplace(const char *text, const char *old_string, const char *new_string) { + const char *f; + char *t, *r; + size_t l, old_len, new_len; + + assert(text); + assert(old_string); + assert(new_string); + + old_len = strlen(old_string); + new_len = strlen(new_string); + + l = strlen(text); + r = new(char, l+1); + if (!r) + return NULL; + + f = text; + t = r; + while (*f) { + char *a; + size_t d, nl; + + if (!startswith(f, old_string)) { + *(t++) = *(f++); + continue; + } + + d = t - r; + nl = l - old_len + new_len; + a = realloc(r, nl + 1); + if (!a) + goto oom; + + l = nl; + r = a; + t = r + d; + + t = stpcpy(t, new_string); + f += old_len; + } + + *t = 0; + return r; + +oom: + free(r); + return NULL; +} |