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2016-07-25Merge pull request #3728 from poettering/dynamic-usersZbigniew Jędrzejewski-Szmek
2016-07-25core: change ExecStart=! syntax to ExecStart=+ (#3797)Lennart Poettering
As suggested by @mbiebl we already use the "!" special char in unit file assignments for negation, hence we should not use it in a different context for privileged execution. Let's use "+" instead.
2016-07-22core: add a concept of "dynamic" user ids, that are allocated as long as a ↵Lennart Poettering
service is running This adds a new boolean setting DynamicUser= to service files. If set, a new user will be allocated dynamically when the unit is started, and released when it is stopped. The user ID is allocated from the range 61184..65519. The user will not be added to /etc/passwd (but an NSS module to be added later should make it show up in getent passwd). For now, care should be taken that the service writes no files to disk, since this might result in files owned by UIDs that might get assigned dynamically to a different service later on. Later patches will tighten sandboxing in order to ensure that this cannot happen, except for a few selected directories. A simple way to test this is: systemd-run -p DynamicUser=1 /bin/sleep 99999
2016-07-19doc,core: Read{Write,Only}Paths= and InaccessiblePaths=Alessandro Puccetti
This patch renames Read{Write,Only}Directories= and InaccessibleDirectories= to Read{Write,Only}Paths= and InaccessiblePaths=, previous names are kept as aliases but they are not advertised in the documentation. Renamed variables: `read_write_dirs` --> `read_write_paths` `read_only_dirs` --> `read_only_paths` `inaccessible_dirs` --> `inaccessible_paths`
2016-07-19namespace: unify limit behavior on non-directory pathsAlessandro Puccetti
Despite the name, `Read{Write,Only}Directories=` already allows for regular file paths to be masked. This commit adds the same behavior to `InaccessibleDirectories=` and makes it explicit in the doc. This patch introduces `/run/systemd/inaccessible/{reg,dir,chr,blk,fifo,sock}` {dile,device}nodes and mounts on the appropriate one the paths specified in `InacessibleDirectories=`. Based on Luca's patch from https://github.com/systemd/systemd/pull/3327
2016-06-23execute: add a new easy-to-use RestrictRealtime= option to unitsLennart Poettering
It takes a boolean value. If true, access to SCHED_RR, SCHED_FIFO and SCHED_DEADLINE is blocked, which my be used to lock up the system.
2016-06-15core: set $JOURNAL_STREAM to the dev_t/ino_t of the journal stream of ↵Lennart Poettering
executed services This permits services to detect whether their stdout/stderr is connected to the journal, and if so talk to the journal directly, thus permitting carrying of metadata. As requested by the gtk folks: #2473
2016-06-13core: improve seccomp syscall grouping a bitLennart Poettering
This adds three new seccomp syscall groups: @keyring for kernel keyring access, @cpu-emulation for CPU emulation features, for exampe vm86() for dosemu and suchlike, and @debug for ptrace() and related calls. Also, the @clock group is updated with more syscalls that alter the system clock. capset() is added to @privileged, and pciconfig_iobase() is added to @raw-io. Finally, @obsolete is a cleaned up. A number of syscalls that never existed on Linux and have no number assigned on any architecture are removed, as they only exist in the man pages and other operating sytems, but not in code at all. create_module() is moved from @module to @obsolete, as it is an obsolete system call. mem_getpolicy() is removed from the @obsolete list, as it is not obsolete, but simply a NUMA API.
2016-06-10core/execute: add the magic character '!' to allow privileged execution (#3493)Alessandro Puccetti
This patch implements the new magic character '!'. By putting '!' in front of a command, systemd executes it with full privileges ignoring paramters such as User, Group, SupplementaryGroups, CapabilityBoundingSet, AmbientCapabilities, SecureBits, SystemCallFilter, SELinuxContext, AppArmorProfile, SmackProcessLabel, and RestrictAddressFamilies. Fixes partially https://github.com/systemd/systemd/issues/3414 Related to https://github.com/coreos/rkt/issues/2482 Testing: 1. Create a user 'bob' 2. Create the unit file /etc/systemd/system/exec-perm.service (You can use the example below) 3. sudo systemctl start ext-perm.service 4. Verify that the commands starting with '!' were not executed as bob, 4.1 Looking to the output of ls -l /tmp/exec-perm 4.2 Each file contains the result of the id command. ````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````` [Unit] Description=ext-perm [Service] Type=oneshot TimeoutStartSec=0 User=bob ExecStartPre=!/usr/bin/sh -c "/usr/bin/rm /tmp/exec-perm*" ; /usr/bin/sh -c "/usr/bin/id > /tmp/exec-perm-start-pre" ExecStart=/usr/bin/sh -c "/usr/bin/id > /tmp/exec-perm-start" ; !/usr/bin/sh -c "/usr/bin/id > /tmp/exec-perm-star-2" ExecStartPost=/usr/bin/sh -c "/usr/bin/id > /tmp/exec-perm-start-post" ExecReload=/usr/bin/sh -c "/usr/bin/id > /tmp/exec-perm-reload" ExecStop=!/usr/bin/sh -c "/usr/bin/id > /tmp/exec-perm-stop" ExecStopPost=/usr/bin/sh -c "/usr/bin/id > /tmp/exec-perm-stop-post" [Install] WantedBy=multi-user.target] `````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````````
2016-06-03core: Restrict mmap and mprotect with PAGE_WRITE|PAGE_EXEC (#3319) (#3379)Topi Miettinen
New exec boolean MemoryDenyWriteExecute, when set, installs a seccomp filter to reject mmap(2) with PAGE_WRITE|PAGE_EXEC and mprotect(2) with PAGE_EXEC.
2016-06-01core: add pre-defined syscall groups to SystemCallFilter= (#3053) (#3157)Topi Miettinen
Implement sets of system calls to help constructing system call filters. A set starts with '@' to distinguish from a system call. Closes: #3053, #3157
2016-05-30doc: clarify systemd.exec's paths definition (#3368)Alessandro Puccetti
Definitions of ReadWriteDirectories=, ReadOnlyDirectories=, InaccessibleDirectories=, WorkingDirectory=, and RootDirecory= were not clear. This patch specifies when they are relative to the host's root directory and when they are relative to the service's root directory. Fixes #3248
2016-05-30man: fix recurring typoLuca Bruno
2016-05-15namespace: Make private /dev noexec and readonly (#3263)topimiettinen
Private /dev will not be managed by udev or others, so we can make it noexec and readonly after we have made all device nodes. As /dev/shm needs to be writable, we can't use bind_remount_recursive().
2016-04-29core: make parsing of RLIMIT_NICE aware of actual nice levelsLennart Poettering
2016-04-29man: minor wording fixesLennart Poettering
As suggested in: https://github.com/systemd/systemd/pull/3124#discussion_r61068789
2016-04-26man: elaborate on the automatic systemd-journald.socket service dependenciesLennart Poettering
Fixes: #1603
2016-04-17man: systemd.exec: Clarify InaccessibleDirectories (#3048) (#3048)Nicolas Braud-Santoni
2016-02-28core: set NoNewPrivileges for seccomp if we don't have CAP_SYS_ADMINRonny Chevalier
The manpage of seccomp specify that using seccomp with SECCOMP_SET_MODE_FILTER will return EACCES if the caller do not have CAP_SYS_ADMIN set, or if the no_new_privileges bit is not set. Hence, without NoNewPrivilege set, it is impossible to use a SystemCall* directive with a User directive set in system mode. Now, NoNewPrivileges is set if we are in user mode, or if we are in system mode and we don't have CAP_SYS_ADMIN, and SystemCall* directives are used.
2016-02-22man: extend the Personality= documentationLennart Poettering
Among other fixes, add information about more architectures that are supported these days.
2016-02-13core: drop Capabilities= settingLennart Poettering
The setting is hardly useful (since its effect is generally reduced to zero due to file system caps), and with the advent of ambient caps an actually useful replacement exists, hence let's get rid of this. I am pretty sure this was unused and our man page already recommended against its use, hence this should be a safe thing to remove.
2016-01-12man: add AmbientCapabilities entry.Ismo Puustinen
2015-11-25core: support <soft:hard> ranges for RLIMIT optionsKarel Zak
The new parser supports: <value> - specify both limits to the same value <soft:hard> - specify both limits the size or time specific suffixes are supported, for example LimitRTTIME=1sec LimitAS=4G:16G The patch introduces parse_rlimit_range() and rlim type (size, sec, usec, etc.) specific parsers. No code is duplicated now. The patch also sync docs for DefaultLimitXXX= and LimitXXX=. References: https://github.com/systemd/systemd/issues/1769
2015-11-19man: systemd.exec: add missing variablesEvgeny Vereshchagin
2015-11-11Merge pull request #1854 from poettering/unit-depsTom Gundersen
Dependency engine improvements
2015-11-11man: document automatic dependenciesLennart Poettering
For all units ensure there's an "Automatic Dependencies" section in the man page, and explain which dependencies are automatically added in all cases, and which ones are added on top if DefaultDependencies=yes is set. This is also done for systemd.exec(5), systemd.resource-control(5) and systemd.unit(5) as these pages describe common behaviour of various unit types.
2015-11-11execute: Add new PassEnvironment= directiveFilipe Brandenburger
This directive allows passing environment variables from the system manager to spawned services. Variables in the system manager can be set inside a container by passing `--set-env=...` options to systemd-spawn. Tested with an on-disk test.service unit. Tested using multiple variable names on a single line, with an empty setting to clear the current list of variables, with non-existing variables. Tested using `systemd-run -p PassEnvironment=VARNAME` to confirm it works with transient units. Confirmed that `systemctl show` will display the PassEnvironment settings. Checked that man pages are generated correctly. No regressions in `make check`.
2015-11-10core: accept time units for time-based resource limitsLennart Poettering
Let's make sure "LimitCPU=30min" can be parsed properly, following the usual logic how we parse time values. Similar for LimitRTTIME=. While we are at it, extend a bit on the man page section about resource limits. Fixes: #1772
2015-11-09Merge pull request #1799 from jengelh/docLennart Poettering
doc: typo and ortho fixes
2015-11-06doc: correct orthography, word forms and missing/extraneous wordsJan Engelhardt
2015-11-06doc: correct punctuation and improve typography in documentationJan Engelhardt
2015-11-06core: support IEC suffixes for RLIMIT stuffKarel Zak
Let's make things more user-friendly and support for example LimitAS=16G rather than force users to always use LimitAS=16106127360. The change is relevant for options: [Default]Limit{FSIZE,DATA,STACK,CORE,RSS,AS,MEMLOCK,MSGQUEUE} The patch introduces config_parse_bytes_limit(), it's the same as config_parse_limit() but uses parse_size() tu support the suffixes. Addresses: https://github.com/systemd/systemd/issues/1772
2015-11-02man: various typosThomas Hindoe Paaboel Andersen
2015-10-27man: Update man page documentation for CPUAffinityFilipe Brandenburger
Document support for commas as a separator and possibility of specifying ranges of CPU indices. Tested by regenerating the manpages locally and reading them on man.
2015-09-29core: allow setting WorkingDirectory= to the special value ~Lennart Poettering
If set to ~ the working directory is set to the home directory of the user configured in User=. This change also exposes the existing switch for the working directory that allowed making missing working directories non-fatal. This also changes "machinectl shell" to make use of this to ensure that the invoked shell is by default in the user's home directory. Fixes #1268.
2015-08-25man: add hyphen to improve man textLennart Poettering
2015-08-24core: optionally create LOGIN_PROCESS or USER_PROCESS utmp entriesLennart Poettering
When generating utmp/wtmp entries, optionally add both LOGIN_PROCESS and INIT_PROCESS entries or even all three of LOGIN_PROCESS, INIT_PROCESS and USER_PROCESS entries, instead of just a single INIT_PROCESS entry. With this change systemd may be used to not only invoke a getty directly in a SysV-compliant way but alternatively also a login(1) implementation or even forego getty and login entirely, and invoke arbitrary shells in a way that they appear in who(1) or w(1). This is preparation for a later commit that adds a "machinectl shell" operation to invoke a shell in a container, in a way that is compatible with who(1) and w(1).
2015-08-04man: Document invalid lines in EnvironmentFileRichard Maw
If a line doesn't contain an = separator, it is skipped, rather than raising an error. This is potentially useful, so let's document this behaviour.
2015-06-30man: ProtectHome= protects /root as wellChristian Hesse
2015-06-18man: revert dynamic paths for split-usr setupsTom Gundersen
This did not really work out as we had hoped. Trying to do this upstream introduced several problems that probably makes it better suited as a downstream patch after all. At any rate, it is not releaseable in the current state, so we at least need to revert this before the release. * by adjusting the path to binaries, but not do the same thing to the search path we end up with inconsistent man-pages. Adjusting the search path too would be quite messy, and it is not at all obvious that this is worth the effort, but at any rate it would have to be done before we could ship this. * this means that distributed man-pages does not make sense as they depend on config options, and for better or worse we are still distributing man pages, so that is something that definitely needs sorting out before we could ship with this patch. * we have long held that split-usr is only minimally supported in order to boot, and something we hope will eventually go away. So before we start adding even more magic/effort in order to make this work nicely, we should probably question if it makes sense at all.
2015-05-28man: generate configured paths in manpagesFilipe Brandenburger
In particular, use /lib/systemd instead of /usr/lib/systemd in distributions like Debian which still have not adopted a /usr merge setup. Use XML entities from man/custom-entities.ent to replace configured paths while doing XSLT processing of the original XML files. There was precedent of some files (such as systemd.generator.xml) which were already using this approach. This addresses most of the (manual) fixes from this patch: http://anonscm.debian.org/cgit/pkg-systemd/systemd.git/tree/debian/patches/Fix-paths-in-man-pages.patch?h=experimental-220 The idea of using generic XML entities was presented here: http://lists.freedesktop.org/archives/systemd-devel/2015-May/032240.html This patch solves almost all the issues, with the exception of: - Path to /bin/mount and /bin/umount. - Generic statements about preference of /lib over /etc. These will be handled separately by follow up patches. Tested: - With default configure settings, ran "make install" to two separate directories and compared the output to confirm they matched exactly. - Used a set of configure flags including $CONFFLAGS from Debian: http://anonscm.debian.org/cgit/pkg-systemd/systemd.git/tree/debian/rules Installed the tree and confirmed the paths use /lib/systemd instead of /usr/lib/systemd and that no other unexpected differences exist. - Confirmed that `make distcheck` still passes.
2015-03-13man: link to freebsd.org for inetd(8)Zbigniew Jędrzejewski-Szmek
2015-03-13man: fix a bunch of linksZbigniew Jędrzejewski-Szmek
All hail linkchecker!
2015-03-12man: split paragraphDavid Herrmann
Explicitly put the "multiple EnvironmentFile=" description into its own paragraph to make it much easier to find.
2015-02-10man: boilerplate unificationZbigniew Jędrzejewski-Szmek
2015-02-03Reindent man pages to 2chZbigniew Jędrzejewski-Szmek
2015-01-27man: document that ProtectSystem= also covers /bootLennart Poettering
2014-11-30man: document that we set both soft and hard limits for Limit directivesRonny Chevalier
See http://cgit.freedesktop.org/systemd/systemd/tree/src/core/load-fragment.c#n1100
2014-11-30man: fix typosRonny Chevalier
2014-11-30man: document equivalence between Limit directives and ulimitRonny Chevalier
See https://bugs.freedesktop.org/show_bug.cgi?id=80341