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TCP_DEFER_ACCEPT Allow a listener to be awakened only when data
arrives on the socket. If TCP_DEFER_ACCEPT set on a server-side
listening socket, the TCP/IP stack will not to wait for the final
ACK packet and not to initiate the process until the first packet
of real data has arrived. After sending the SYN/ACK, the server will
then wait for a data packet from a client. Now, only three packets
will be sent over the network, and the connection establishment delay
will be significantly reduced.
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The tcp keep alive variables now can be configured via conf
parameter. Follwing variables are now supported by this patch.
tcp_keepalive_intvl: The number of seconds between TCP keep-alive probes
tcp_keepalive_probes: The maximum number of TCP keep-alive probes to
send before giving up and killing the connection if no response is
obtained from the other end.
tcp_keepalive_time: The number of seconds a connection needs to be
idle before TCP begins sending out keep-alive probes.
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This reverts commit 9528592ff8d7ff361da430285deba8196e8984d5.
Apparently TFO is actually the default at least for the server side now.
Also the setsockopt doesn't actually take a bool, but a qlen integer.
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TCP Fast Open (TFO) speeds up the opening of successiveTCP)
connections between two endpoints.It works by using a TFO cookie
in the initial SYN packet to authenticate a previously connected
client. It starts sending data to the client before the receipt
of the final ACK packet of the three way handshake is received,
skipping a round trip and lowering the latency in the start of
transmission of data.
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This patch adds support for TCP TCP_NODELAY socket option. This can be
configured via NoDelay conf parameter. TCP Nagle's algorithm works by
combining a number of small outgoing messages, and sending them all at
once. This controls the TCP_NODELAY socket option.
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ConditionFirstBoot= instead
As Zbigniew pointed out a new ConditionFirstBoot= appears like the nicer
way to hook in systemd-firstboot.service on first boots (those with /etc
unpopulated), so let's do this, and get rid of the generator again.
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This does the inverse of RestartPreventExitStatus=: it forces a restart
of a service when a certain exit status is returned by a service
process.
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The DefaultInstance= name is used when enabling template units when only
specifying the template name, but no instance.
Add DefaultInstance=tty1 to getty@.service, so that when the template
itself is enabled an instance for tty1 is created.
This is useful so that we "systemctl preset-all" can work properly,
because we can operate on getty@.service after finding it, and the right
instance is created.
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"-s" switch
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This new condition allows checking whether /etc or /var are out-of-date
relative to /usr. This is the counterpart for the update flag managed by
systemd-update-done.service. Services that want to be started once after
/usr got updated should use:
[Unit]
ConditionNeedsUpdate=/etc
Before=systemd-update-done.service
This makes sure that they are only run if /etc is out-of-date relative
to /usr. And that it will be executed after systemd-update-done.service
which is responsible for marking /etc up-to-date relative to the current
/usr.
ConditionNeedsUpdate= will also checks whether /etc is actually
writable, and not trigger if it isn't, since no update is possible then.
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It's not safe invoking NSS from PID 1, hence fork off worker processes
that upload the policy into the kernel for busnames.
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system
This is relatively complex, as we cannot invoke NSS from PID 1, and thus
need to fork a helper process temporarily.
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also mounting /etc read-only
Also, rename ProtectedHome= to ProtectHome=, to simplify things a bit.
With this in place we now have two neat options ProtectSystem= and
ProtectHome= for protecting the OS itself (and optionally its
configuration), and for protecting the user's data.
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With Symlinks= we can manage one or more symlinks to AF_UNIX or FIFO
nodes in the file system, with the same lifecycle as the socket itself.
This has two benefits: first, this allows us to remove /dev/log and
/dev/initctl from /dev, thus leaving only symlinks, device nodes and
directories in the /dev tree. More importantly however, this allows us
to move /dev/log out of /dev, while still making it accessible there, so
that PrivateDevices= can provide /dev/log too.
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ReadOnlySystem= uses fs namespaces to mount /usr and /boot read-only for
a service.
ProtectedHome= uses fs namespaces to mount /home and /run/user
inaccessible or read-only for a service.
This patch also enables these settings for all our long-running services.
Together they should be good building block for a minimal service
sandbox, removing the ability for services to modify the operating
system or access the user's private data.
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Only accept cpu quota values in percentages, get rid of period
definition.
It's not clear whether the CFS period controllable per-cgroup even has a
future in the kernel, hence let's simplify all this, hardcode the period
to 100ms and only accept percentage based quota values.
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Introduce a (unsigned long) -1 as "unset" state for cpu shares/block io
weights, and keep the startup unit set around all the time.
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Similar to CPUShares= and BlockIOWeight= respectively. However only
assign the specified weight during startup. Each control group
attribute is re-assigned as weight by CPUShares=weight and
BlockIOWeight=weight after startup. If not CPUShares= or
BlockIOWeight= be specified, then the attribute is re-assigned to each
default attribute value. (default cpu.shares=1024, blkio.weight=1000)
If only CPUShares=weight or BlockIOWeight=weight be specified, then
that implies StartupCPUShares=weight and StartupBlockIOWeight=weight.
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It's used for the FailureAction property as well.
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It has the same possible values as StartLimitAction= and is executed
immediately if a service fails.
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When rebooting with systemctl, an optional argument can be passed to the
reboot system call. This makes it possible the specify the argument in a
service file and use it when the service triggers a restart.
This is useful to distinguish between manual reboots and reboots caused by
failing services.
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tcpwrap is legacy code, that is barely maintained upstream. It's APIs
are awful, and the feature set it exposes (such as DNS and IDENT
access control) questionnable. We should not support this natively in
systemd.
Hence, let's remove the code. If people want to continue making use of
this, they can do so by plugging in "tcpd" for the processes they start.
With that scheme things are as well or badly supported as they were from
traditional inetd, hence no functionality is really lost.
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Add a new config 'Activating' directive which denotes whether a busname
is actually registered on the bus. It defaults to 'yes'.
If set to 'no', the .busname unit only uploads policy, which will remain
active as long as the unit is running.
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AcceptFD= defaults to true, thus making sure that by default fd passing
is enabled for all activatable names. Since for normal bus connections
fd passing is enabled too by default this makes sure fd passing works
correctly regardless whether a service is already activated or not.
Making this configurable on both busname units and in bus connections is
messy, but unavoidable since busnames are established and may queue
messages before the connection feature negotiation is done by the
service eventually activated. Conversely, feature negotiation on bus
connections takes place before the connection acquires its names.
Of course, this means developers really should make sure to keep the
settings in .busname units in sync with what they later intend to
negotiate.
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There are three directives to specify bus name polices in .busname
files:
* AllowUser [username] [access]
* AllowGroup [groupname] [access]
* AllowWorld [access]
Where [access] is one of
* 'see': The user/group/world is allowed to see a name on the bus
* 'talk': The user/group/world is allowed to talk to a name
* 'own': The user/group/world is allowed to own a name
There is no user added yet in this commit.
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already explicitly set
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load-fragment.c
The parse code actually checked for specific lvalue names, which is
really wrong for supposedly generic parsers...
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"level" is a bit too generic, let's clarify what kind of level we are
referring to here.
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As discussed on the ML these are useful to manage runtime directories
below /run for services.
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This new unit settings allows restricting which address families are
available to processes. This is an effective way to minimize the attack
surface of services, by turning off entire network stacks for them.
This is based on seccomp, and does not work on x86-32, since seccomp
cannot filter socketcall() syscalls on that platform.
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for sizes
According to Wikipedia it is customary to specify hardware metrics and
transfer speeds to the basis 1000 (SI decimal), while software metrics
and physical volatile memory (RAM) sizes to the basis 1024 (IEC binary).
So far we specified everything in IEC, let's fix that and be more
true to what's otherwise customary. Since we don't want to parse "Mi"
instead of "M" we document each time what the context used is.
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This permit to switch to a specific apparmor profile when starting a daemon. This
will result in a non operation if apparmor is disabled.
It also add a new build requirement on libapparmor for using this feature.
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by uname()'s machine field.
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processes
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If we put a closing bracket on its own line, gperf will complain about
empty lines. Only occurs if the option in question is disabled. So fix the
m4 macros to work properly in both cases.
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This is useful to prohibit execution of non-native processes on systems,
for example 32bit binaries on 64bit systems, this lowering the attack
service on incorrect syscall and ioctl 32→64bit mappings.
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architecture support for system calls
Also, turn system call filter bus properties into complex types instead
of concatenated strings.
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- Allow configuration of an errno error to return from blacklisted
syscalls, instead of immediately terminating a process.
- Fix parsing logic when libseccomp support is turned off
- Only keep the actual syscall set in the ExecContext, and generate the
string version only on demand.
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This permit to let system administrators decide of the domain of a service.
This can be used with templated units to have each service in a différent
domain ( for example, a per customer database, using MLS or anything ),
or can be used to force a non selinux enabled system (jvm, erlang, etc)
to start in a different domain for each service.
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Similar to PrivateNetwork=, PrivateTmp= introduce PrivateDevices= that
sets up a private /dev with only the API pseudo-devices like /dev/null,
/dev/zero, /dev/random, but not any physical devices in them.
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