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removes code duplication
also move switch-root to shared
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Also, change the default action on a system start-up timeout to powering off.
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getopt is usually good at printing out a nice error message when
commandline options are invalid. It distinguishes between an unknown
option and a known option with a missing arg. It is better to let it
do its job and not use opterr=0 unless we actually want to suppress
messages. So remove opterr=0 in the few places where it wasn't really
useful.
When an error in options is encountered, we should not print a lengthy
help() and overwhelm the user, when we know precisely what is wrong
with the commandline. In addition, since help() prints to stdout, it
should not be used except when requested with -h or --help.
Also, simplify things here and there.
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ConditionFirstBoot= instead
As Zbigniew pointed out a new ConditionFirstBoot= appears like the nicer
way to hook in systemd-firstboot.service on first boots (those with /etc
unpopulated), so let's do this, and get rid of the generator again.
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or when creating OS images offline
A new tool "systemd-firstboot" can be used either interactively on boot,
where it will query basic locale, timezone, hostname, root password
information and set it. Or it can be used non-interactively from the
command line when prepareing disk images for booting. When used
non-inertactively the tool can either copy settings from the host, or
take settings on the command line.
$ systemd-firstboot --root=/path/to/my/new/root --copy-locale --copy-root-password --hostname=waldi
The tool will be automatically invoked (interactively) now on first boot
if /etc is found unpopulated.
This also creates the infrastructure for generators to be notified via
an environment variable whether they are running on the first boot, or
not.
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When running in 'quiet' mode, the only message printed from shutdown
binary would be 'Cannot finalize remaining file systems and devices,
giving up.', the only log line at error level before switch back to
initramfs. This is misleading, because in initramfs everything will
be cleaned up properly.
Avoid printing anything at error level before the attempt to switch
back to initramfs. Rework the messages to contain a bit more
information what is still remaining, to help people diagnose shutdown
issues.
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If PID 1 debug logging is enabled, it is nice to keep those settings
when switching to systemd-shutdown binary, independently of whether
this was done through /proc/cmdline options, or through runtime
manipulations.
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Instead, force reopen it only if we really really have to.
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to deal with shells
This makes shutdown a bit faster if debug-shell.service is enabled.
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reboot syscall can be performed with an additional argument. In some
systems this functionality can be useful to modify the mode of the
next boot performed by the bootloader.
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Instead of individually checking for containers in each user do this
once in a new call proc_cmdline() that read the file only if we are not
in a container.
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This way we leave the cgroup empty before exiting in a container which
makes sure the container manager will get cgroup notification event
https://bugs.freedesktop.org/show_bug.cgi?id=68370
https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=988883
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https://bugs.freedesktop.org/show_bug.cgi?id=55248
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Mounts are "unmounted".
Swaps are "deactivated", not "turned off" nor "disabled".
Loop and DM devices are "detached", not "deleted".
Especially the deleting sounded a bit scary.
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In bugreports about hangs during the late shutdown we are often missing
important information - what were we trying to unmount/detach when it hung.
Instead of printing what we successfully unmounted, print what we are
going to unmount/detach. And add messages to mark the completion of
categories (mount/swap/loop/DM).
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All messages of the kind "not all done, %d left" are log_info, except
the one for DM devices. Make it info too.
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This allows systemd-shutdown to be installed as /run/initramfs/shutdown
and take care of the proper teardown of the rootfs.
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As it turns out reboot() doesn't actually imply a file system sync, but
only a disk sync. Accordingly, readd explicit sync() invocations
immediately before we invoke reboot().
This is much less dramatic than it might sounds as we umount all
disks/read-only remount them anyway before going down.
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CAP_SYS_BOOT is missing
The kernel's PID namespaces support reboot(2) just fine, so let's make
use of it if possible.
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The kernel implicitly does sync() anyway, hence there is no need to do
that in userspace explicitly. This makes the "-n" switch to halt(8) a
noop.
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The kernel does not allow switching roots if things are mounted
MS_SHARED. As a work-around, remount things MS_PRIVATE before switching
roots.
This should be fixed in the kernel for good.
https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=847418
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Because root is now recursively marked as shared on bootup, we need to
recursively mark root as private. This prevents a pivot_root failure on
shutdown:
Cannot finalize remaining file systems and devices, giving up.
pivot failed: Invalid argument
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When we transition from the initrd to the main system, don't reap
processes, so that they can be handled normally after deserialization.
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We don't do device handling in containers, hence no loop devices either.
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context
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shutdowns clean
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