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This adds a new invocation ID concept to the service manager. The invocation ID
identifies each runtime cycle of a unit uniquely. A new randomized 128bit ID is
generated each time a unit moves from and inactive to an activating or active
state.
The primary usecase for this concept is to connect the runtime data PID 1
maintains about a service with the offline data the journal stores about it.
Previously we'd use the unit name plus start/stop times, which however is
highly racy since the journal will generally process log data after the service
already ended.
The "invocation ID" kinda matches the "boot ID" concept of the Linux kernel,
except that it applies to an individual unit instead of the whole system.
The invocation ID is passed to the activated processes as environment variable.
It is additionally stored as extended attribute on the cgroup of the unit. The
latter is used by journald to automatically retrieve it for each log logged
message and attach it to the log entry. The environment variable is very easily
accessible, even for unprivileged services. OTOH the extended attribute is only
accessible to privileged processes (this is because cgroupfs only supports the
"trusted." xattr namespace, not "user."). The environment variable may be
altered by services, the extended attribute may not be, hence is the better
choice for the journal.
Note that reading the invocation ID off the extended attribute from journald is
racy, similar to the way reading the unit name for a logging process is.
This patch adds APIs to read the invocation ID to sd-id128:
sd_id128_get_invocation() may be used in a similar fashion to
sd_id128_get_boot().
PID1's own logging is updated to always include the invocation ID when it logs
information about a unit.
A new bus call GetUnitByInvocationID() is added that allows retrieving a bus
path to a unit by its invocation ID. The bus path is built using the invocation
ID, thus providing a path for referring to a unit that is valid only for the
current runtime cycleof it.
Outlook for the future: should the kernel eventually allow passing of cgroup
information along AF_UNIX/SOCK_DGRAM messages via a unique cgroup id, then we
can alter the invocation ID to be generated as hash from that rather than
entirely randomly. This way we can derive the invocation race-freely from the
messages.
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We generate these, hence we should also add errno translations for them.
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These were forgotten, let's add some useful mappings for all errors we define.
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As suggested here:
https://github.com/systemd/systemd/pull/4296#issuecomment-251911349
Let's try AF_INET first as socket, but let's fall back to AF_NETLINK, so that
we can use a protocol-independent socket here if possible. This has the benefit
that our code will still work even if AF_INET/AF_INET6 is made unavailable (for
exmple via seccomp), at least on current kernels.
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hwdb: return conflicts in a well-defined order
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This test sometimes fails in semaphore, but not when run interactively,
so it's hard to debug.
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If we find duplicates in a property-lookup, make sure to order them by
their origin. That is, matches defined "later" take precedence over
earlier matches. The "later"-order is defined by file-name + line-number
combination. That is, if a match is defined below another one in the
same hwdb file, it takes precedence, same as if it is defined in a file
ordered after another one.
Signed-off-by: David Herrmann <dh.herrmann@gmail.com>
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Extend the hwdb to store the source file-name and file-number for each
property. We simply extend the stored value struct with the new
information. It is fully backwards compatible and old readers will
continue to work.
The libudev/sd-hwdb reader is updated in a followup.
Signed-off-by: David Herrmann <dh.herrmann@gmail.com>
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It is not legal to use hard-coded types to calculate offsets. We must
always use the offsets of the hwdb header to calculate those. Otherwise,
we will break horribly if run on hwdb files written by other
implementations or written with future extensions.
Signed-off-by: David Herrmann <dh.herrmann@gmail.com>
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1. add support for kind vcan
2. fixup indention netlink-types.c, networkd-netdev.c
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Let's bump it further, as this the current limit turns out to be problematic
IRL. Let's bump it to more than twice what we know of is needed.
Fixes: #4068
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Old libdbus has a feature that the process is terminated whenever the the bus
connection receives a disconnect. This is pretty useful on desktop apps (where
a disconnect indicates session termination), as well as on command line apps
(where we really shouldn't stay hanging in most cases if dbus daemon goes
down).
Add a similar feature to sd-bus, but make it opt-in rather than opt-out, like
it is on libdbus. Also, if the bus is attached to an event loop just exit the
event loop rather than the the whole process.
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This tests in particular that disconnecting results in the tracking object's
handlers to be called.
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objects immediately
If the server side kicks us from the bus, from our view no names are on the bus
anymore, hence let's make sure to dispatch all tracking objects immediately.
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In order to add a name to a bus tracking object we need to do some bus
operations: we need to check if the name already exists and add match for it.
Both are synchronous bus calls. While processing those we need to make sure
that the tracking object is not dispatched yet, as it might still be empty, but
is not going to be empty for very long.
hence, block dispatching by removing the object from the dispatch queue while
adding it, and readding it on error.
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When a bus connection is closed we dispatch all reply callbacks. Do so in a new
function if its own.
No behaviour changes.
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This adds two (privileged) bus calls Ref() and Unref() to the Unit interface.
The two calls may be used by clients to pin a unit into memory, so that various
runtime properties aren't flushed out by the automatic GC. This is necessary
to permit clients to race-freely acquire runtime results (such as process exit
status/code or accumulated CPU time) on successful service termination.
Ref() and Unref() are fully recursive, hence act like the usual reference
counting concept in C. Taking a reference is a privileged operation, as this
allows pinning units into memory which consumes resources.
Transient units may also gain a reference at the time of creation, via the new
AddRef property (that is only defined for transient units at the time of
creation).
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This adds an optional "recursive" counting mode to sd_bus_track. If enabled
adding the same name multiple times to an sd_bus_track object is counted
individually, so that it also has to be removed the same number of times before
it is gone again from the tracking object.
This functionality is useful for implementing local ref counted objects that
peers make take references on.
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A following patch will update cgroup handling so that the systemd controller
(/sys/fs/cgroup/systemd) can use the unified hierarchy even if the kernel
resource controllers are on the legacy hierarchies. This would require
distinguishing whether all controllers are on cgroup v2 or only the systemd
controller is. In preparation, this patch renames cg_unified() to
cg_all_unified().
This patch doesn't cause any functional changes.
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Accept both files with and without trailing newlines. Apparently some rkt
releases generated them incorrectly, missing the trailing newlines, and we
shouldn't break that.
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service is running
This adds a new boolean setting DynamicUser= to service files. If set, a new
user will be allocated dynamically when the unit is started, and released when
it is stopped. The user ID is allocated from the range 61184..65519. The user
will not be added to /etc/passwd (but an NSS module to be added later should
make it show up in getent passwd).
For now, care should be taken that the service writes no files to disk, since
this might result in files owned by UIDs that might get assigned dynamically to
a different service later on. Later patches will tighten sandboxing in order to
ensure that this cannot happen, except for a few selected directories.
A simple way to test this is:
systemd-run -p DynamicUser=1 /bin/sleep 99999
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If the return parameter is NULL, simply validate the string, and return no
error.
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We currently have code to read and write files containing UUIDs at various
places. Unify this in id128-util.[ch], and move some other stuff there too.
The new files are located in src/libsystemd/sd-id128/ (instead of src/shared/),
because they are actually the backend of sd_id128_get_machine() and
sd_id128_get_boot().
In follow-up patches we can use this reduce the code in nspawn and
machine-id-setup by adopted the common implementation.
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It's a bit easier to read because shorter. Also, most likely a tiny bit faster.
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sd_event_get_iteration() (#3631)
This extends the existing event loop iteration counter to 64bit, and exposes it
via a new function sd_event_get_iteration(). This is helpful for cases like
issue #3612. After all, since we maintain the counter anyway, we might as well
expose it.
(This also fixes an unrelated issue in the man page for sd_event_wait() where
micro and milliseconds got mixed up)
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sd-device: handle the 'drivers' pseudo-subsystem correctly
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The loop on bus_match_run should break and return immediately if
bus->match_callbacks_modified is true. Otherwise the loop may access
free'd data.
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We support writing out tags and db files in case a real subsystem called
'drivers' exists, so there is no reason to refuse parsing it.
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The 'drivers' pseudo-subsystem needs special treatment. These pseudo-devices are
found under /sys/bus/drivers/, so needs the real subsystem encoded
in the device_id in order to be resolved.
The reader side already assumed this to be the case.
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Collect the errors and return to the caller, but continue enumerating all devices.
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the pager (#3550)
If "systemctl -H" is used, let's make sure we first terminate the bus
connection, and only then close the pager. If done in this order ssh will get
an EOF on stdin (as we speak D-Bus through ssh's stdin/stdout), and then
terminate. This makes sure the standard error we were invoked on is released by
ssh, and only that makes sure we don't deadlock on the pager which waits for
all clients closing its input pipe.
(Similar fixes for the various other xyzctl tools that support both pagers and
-H)
Fixes: #3543
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Super-important change, yeah!
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put limits on addresses and routers per link and per network
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timestamping improvements and IPv6 RA revamp
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On larger systems we might very well see messages with thousands of parts.
When we free them, we must avoid recursing into each part, otherwise we
very likely get stack overflows.
Fix sd_netlink_message_unref() to use an iterative approach rather than
recursion (also avoid tail-recursion in case it is not optimized by the
compiler).
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Drop weird "const" usage, and use size_t for sizes.
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* udevadm-info: use _cleanup_
* udevadm-info: propagate return value from export_devices()
* sd-device: add comment and remove unnecessary braces
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The statemachine was unable to parse properties with empty values,
reported in [0].
When reaching the start of the KEY, we would unconditionally read
one more character before starting to look for the end-of-line.
Simply look for the end-of-line from the first character.
[0]: <https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=1338823>
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Also adjust indentation in various places.
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This is now the recommended way to do monitoring by upstream D-Bus.
It's also allowed in the default policy, whereas eavesdrop is not
anymore, which effectively broke busctl on many systems.
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