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In practice this doesn't matter much because the read that follows will
likely fail, but we'll get a better error message.
CID #1368233.
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Embedding sd_id128_t's in constant strings was rather cumbersome. We had
SD_ID128_CONST_STR which returned a const char[], but it had two problems:
- it wasn't possible to statically concatanate this array with a normal string
- gcc wasn't really able to optimize this, and generated code to perform the
"conversion" at runtime.
Because of this, even our own code in coredumpctl wasn't using
SD_ID128_CONST_STR.
Add a new macro to generate a constant string: SD_ID128_MAKE_STR.
It is not as elegant as SD_ID128_CONST_STR, because it requires a repetition
of the numbers, but in practice it is more convenient to use, and allows gcc
to generate smarter code:
$ size .libs/systemd{,-logind,-journald}{.old,}
text data bss dec hex filename
1265204 149564 4808 1419576 15a938 .libs/systemd.old
1260268 149564 4808 1414640 1595f0 .libs/systemd
246805 13852 209 260866 3fb02 .libs/systemd-logind.old
240973 13852 209 255034 3e43a .libs/systemd-logind
146839 4984 34 151857 25131 .libs/systemd-journald.old
146391 4984 34 151409 24f71 .libs/systemd-journald
It is also much easier to check if a certain binary uses a certain MESSAGE_ID:
$ strings .libs/systemd.old|grep MESSAGE_ID
MESSAGE_ID=%02x%02x%02x%02x%02x%02x%02x%02x%02x%02x%02x%02x%02x%02x%02x%02x
MESSAGE_ID=%02x%02x%02x%02x%02x%02x%02x%02x%02x%02x%02x%02x%02x%02x%02x%02x
MESSAGE_ID=%02x%02x%02x%02x%02x%02x%02x%02x%02x%02x%02x%02x%02x%02x%02x%02x
MESSAGE_ID=%02x%02x%02x%02x%02x%02x%02x%02x%02x%02x%02x%02x%02x%02x%02x%02x
$ strings .libs/systemd|grep MESSAGE_ID
MESSAGE_ID=c7a787079b354eaaa9e77b371893cd27
MESSAGE_ID=b07a249cd024414a82dd00cd181378ff
MESSAGE_ID=641257651c1b4ec9a8624d7a40a9e1e7
MESSAGE_ID=de5b426a63be47a7b6ac3eaac82e2f6f
MESSAGE_ID=d34d037fff1847e6ae669a370e694725
MESSAGE_ID=7d4958e842da4a758f6c1cdc7b36dcc5
MESSAGE_ID=1dee0369c7fc4736b7099b38ecb46ee7
MESSAGE_ID=39f53479d3a045ac8e11786248231fbf
MESSAGE_ID=be02cf6855d2428ba40df7e9d022f03d
MESSAGE_ID=7b05ebc668384222baa8881179cfda54
MESSAGE_ID=9d1aaa27d60140bd96365438aad20286
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And then show it, to make things a bit friendlier to the user if we fail
acquiring some props.
In fact, this fixes a number of actual bugs, where we used an error
structure for output that we actually never got an error in.
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The 'Sessions' property for both org.freedesktop.login1.User and
org.freedesktop.login1.Seat is marked as EmitsChangedSignal(false).
Trying to emit a change signal that includes the 'Sessions' property
leads to the signal not being sent at all.
Fixes #5210.
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…and use it where possible.
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free_and_strdup() handles NULL arg, so make use of that.
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gperf-3.1 generates lookup functions that take a size_t length
parameter instead of unsigned int. Test for this at configure time.
Fixes: https://github.com/systemd/systemd/issues/5039
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We want that systemd --user gets its own keyring as usual, even if the
barebones PAM snippet we ship upstream is used. If we don't do this we get the
basic keyring systemd --system sets up for us.
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Let's use chase_symlinks() everywhere, and stop using GNU
canonicalize_file_name() everywhere. For most cases this should not change
behaviour, however increase exposure of our function to get better tested. Most
importantly in a few cases (most notably nspawn) it can take the correct root
directory into account when chasing symlinks.
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We don't have plural in the name of any other -util files and this
inconsistency trips me up every time I try to type this file name
from memory. "formats-util" is even hard to pronounce.
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This makes strjoin and strjoina more similar and avoids the useless final
argument.
spatch -I . -I ./src -I ./src/basic -I ./src/basic -I ./src/shared -I ./src/shared -I ./src/network -I ./src/locale -I ./src/login -I ./src/journal -I ./src/journal -I ./src/timedate -I ./src/timesync -I ./src/nspawn -I ./src/resolve -I ./src/resolve -I ./src/systemd -I ./src/core -I ./src/core -I ./src/libudev -I ./src/udev -I ./src/udev/net -I ./src/udev -I ./src/libsystemd/sd-bus -I ./src/libsystemd/sd-event -I ./src/libsystemd/sd-login -I ./src/libsystemd/sd-netlink -I ./src/libsystemd/sd-network -I ./src/libsystemd/sd-hwdb -I ./src/libsystemd/sd-device -I ./src/libsystemd/sd-id128 -I ./src/libsystemd-network --sp-file coccinelle/strjoin.cocci --in-place $(git ls-files src/*.c)
git grep -e '\bstrjoin\b.*NULL' -l|xargs sed -i -r 's/strjoin\((.*), NULL\)/strjoin(\1)/'
This might have missed a few cases (spatch has a really hard time dealing
with _cleanup_ macros), but that's no big issue, they can always be fixed
later.
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Fixes: #4431
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loginctl: print TTY field in the session listing
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Without the tty it's really hard to tell which session is which.
New output:
$ ./loginctl
SESSION UID USER SEAT TTY
13 1002 zbyszek seat0 tty3
c1 42 gdm seat0 /dev/tty1
11 1002 zbyszek seat0 tty4
3 1002 zbyszek seat0 /dev/tty2
17 1002 zbyszek seat0 tty5
18 1002 zbyszek seat0 tty6
6 sessions listed.
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Otherwise systemd-user@ fails because systemd validates the account
Fixes: #4342
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It is impossible to ship a fully generic PAM configuration upstream.
Therefore, ship a minimal configuration with the systemd --user requirements,
and add a note to DISTRO_PORTING documenting this.
Fixes #4284
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Network file dropins
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In preparation for adding a version which takes a strv.
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When a docker container is confined with AppArmor [1] and happens to run
on top of a kernel that supports mount mediation [2], e.g. any Ubuntu
kernel, mount(2) returns EACCES instead of EPERM. This then leads to:
systemd-logind[33]: Failed to mount per-user tmpfs directory /run/user/1000: Permission denied
login[42]: pam_systemd(login:session): Failed to create session: Access denied
and user sessions don't start.
This also applies to selinux that too returns EACCES on mount denial.
[1] https://github.com/docker/docker/blob/master/docs/security/apparmor.md#understand-the-policies
[2] http://bazaar.launchpad.net/~apparmor-dev/apparmor/master/view/head:/kernel-patches/4.7/0025-UBUNTU-SAUCE-apparmor-Add-the-ability-to-mediate-mou.patch
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Add documentation to #3924
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The parsing functions for [User]TasksMax were inconsistent. Empty string and
"infinity" were interpreted as no limit for TasksMax but not accepted for
UserTasksMax. Update them so that they're consistent with other knobs.
* Empty string indicates the default value.
* "infinity" indicates no limit.
While at it, replace opencoded (uint64_t) -1 with CGROUP_LIMIT_MAX in TasksMax
handling.
v2: Update empty string to indicate the default value as suggested by Zbigniew
Jędrzejewski-Szmek.
v3: Fixed empty UserTasksMax handling.
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This adds the boolean RemoveIPC= setting to service, socket, mount and swap
units (i.e. all unit types that may invoke processes). if turned on, and the
unit's user/group is not root, all IPC objects of the user/group are removed
when the service is shut down. The life-cycle of the IPC objects is hence bound
to the unit life-cycle.
This is particularly relevant for units with dynamic users, as it is essential
that no objects owned by the dynamic users survive the service exiting. In
fact, this patch adds code to imply RemoveIPC= if DynamicUser= is set.
In order to communicate the UID/GID of an executed process back to PID 1 this
adds a new "user lookup" socket pair, that is inherited into the forked
processes, and closed before the exec(). This is needed since we cannot do NSS
from PID 1 due to deadlock risks, However need to know the used UID/GID in
order to clean up IPC owned by it if the unit shuts down.
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This reverts commit 8121f4d209eca85dcb11830800483cdfafbef9b7.
The special 'key handling' inhibitors should always work regardless of
any *IgnoreInhibited settings – otherwise they're nearly useless.
Reverts: #3470
Fixes: #3897
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config_parse_user_tasks_max() was incorrectly accepting percentage value
between 1 and 99. Update it to accept 0% and 100%. This brings it in line
with TasksMax handling in systemd.
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Let's change from a fixed value of 12288 tasks per user to a relative value of
33%, which with the kernel's default of 32768 translates to 10813. This is a
slight decrease of the limit, for no other reason than "33%" sounding like a nice
round number that is close enough to 12288 (which would translate to 37.5%).
(Well, it also has the nice effect of still leaving a bit of room in the PID
space if there are 3 cooperating evil users that try to consume all PIDs...
Also, I like my bikesheds blue).
Since the new value is taken relative, and machined's TasksMax= setting
defaults to 16384, 33% inside of containers is usually equivalent to 5406,
which should still be ample space.
To summarize:
| on the host | in the container
old default | 12288 | 12288
new default | 10813 | 5406
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This way systemd is informed that we consider everything inside the scope as
"left-over", and systemd can log about killing it.
With this change systemd will log about all processes killed due to the session
clean-up on KillUserProcesses=yes.
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sd-bus generally exposes bools as "int" instead of "bool" in the public API.
This is relevant when unmarshaling booleans, as the relevant functions expect
an int* pointer and no bool* pointer. Since sizeof(bool) is not necessarily the
same as sizeof(int) this is problematic and might result in memory corruption.
Let's fix this, and make sure bus_map_all_properties() handles booleans as
ints, as the rest of sd-bus, and make all users of it expect the right thing.
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Delete the dbus1 generator and some critical wiring. This prevents
kdbus from being loaded or detected. As such, it will never be used,
even if the user still has a useful kdbus module loaded on their system.
Sort of fixes #3480. Not really, but it's better than the current state.
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the pager (#3550)
If "systemctl -H" is used, let's make sure we first terminate the bus
connection, and only then close the pager. If done in this order ssh will get
an EOF on stdin (as we speak D-Bus through ssh's stdin/stdout), and then
terminate. This makes sure the standard error we were invoked on is released by
ssh, and only that makes sure we don't deadlock on the pager which waits for
all clients closing its input pipe.
(Similar fixes for the various other xyzctl tools that support both pagers and
-H)
Fixes: #3543
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The various bits of code did the scaling all different, let's unify this,
given that the code is not trivial.
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And port a couple of users over to it.
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We need to explicitly define authorizations for allow_inactive and
allow_active. Otherwise one is getting "Access denied" when run from a
local console:
$ loginctl enable-linger
Could not enable linger: Access denied
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This reverts commit 483d8bbb4c0190f419bf9fba57fb0feb1a56bea6.
In [1] Michel Dänzer and Daniel Vetter wrote:
>> The scenario you describe isn't possible if the Wayland compositor
>> directly uses the KMS API of /dev/dri/card*, but it may be possible if
>> the Wayland compositor uses the fbdev API of /dev/fb* instead (e.g. if
>> weston uses its fbdev backend).
>
> Yeah, if both weston and your screen grabber uses native fbdev API you can
> now screenshot your desktop. And since fbdev has no concept of "current
> owner of the display hw" like the drm master, I think this is not fixable.
> At least not just in userspace. Also even with native KMS compositors
> fbdev still doesn't have the concept of ownership, which is why it doesn't
> bother clearing it's buffer before KMS takes over. I agree that this
> should be reverted or at least hidden better.
TBH, I think that privilege separation between processes running under the same
UID is tenuous. Even with drm, in common setups any user process can ptrace the
"current owner of the display" and call DROP_MASTER or do whatever. It *is*
possible to prevent that, e.g. by disabling ptrace using yama.ptrace_scope, or
selinux, and so on, but afaik this is not commonly done. E.g. all Fedora
systems pull in elfutils-default-yama-scope.rpm through dependencies which sets
yama.ptrace_scope=0. And even assuming that ptrace was disabled, it is trivial
to modify files on disk, communicate through dbus, etc; there is just to many
ways for a non-sandboxed process to interact maliciously with the display shell
to close them all off. To achieve real protection, some sort of sandboxing
must be implemented, and in that case there is no need to rely on access mode
on the device files, since much more stringent measures have to be implemented
anyway.
The situation is similar for framebuffer devices. It is common to add
framebuffer users to video group to allow them unlimited access to /dev/fb*.
Using uaccess would be better solution in that case. Also, since there is no
"current owner" limitation like in DRM, processes running under the same UID
should be able to access /proc/<pid-of-display-server>/fd/* and gain access to
the devices. Nevertheless, weston implements a suid wrapper to access the
devices and then drop privileges, and this patch would make this daemon
pointless. So if the weston developers feel that this change reduces security,
I prefer to revert it.
[1] https://lists.freedesktop.org/archives/wayland-devel/2016-May/029017.html
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Desktop environments can keep this property up to date to allow
applications to easily track session's Lock status.
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That function doesn't draw anything on it's own, just returns a string, which
sometimes is more than one character. Also remove "DRAW_" prefix from character
names, TREE_* and ARROW and BLACK_CIRCLE are unambigous on their own, don't
draw anything, and are always used as an argument to special_glyph().
Rename "DASH" to "MDASH", as there's more than one type of dash.
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core: use an AF_UNIX/SOCK_DGRAM socket for cgroup agent notification
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For similar reasons as the recent addition of a limit on sessions.
Note that we don't enforce a limit on inhibitors per-user currently, but
there's an implicit one, since each inhibitor takes up one fd, and fds are
limited via RLIMIT_NOFILE, and the limit on the number of processes per user.
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If we have a lot of simultaneous sessions we really shouldn't send the full
list of active sessions with each PropertyChanged message for user and seat
objects, as that can become quite substantial data, we probably shouldn't dump
on the bus on each login and logout.
Note that the global list of sessions doesn't send out changes like this
either, it only supports requesting the session list with ListSessions().
If cients want to get notified about sessions coming and going they should
subscribe to SessionNew and SessionRemoved signals, and clients generally do
that already.
This is kind of an API break, but then again the fact that this was included
was never documented.
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Let's make sure we process session and inhibitor pipe fds (that signal
sessions/inhibtors going away) at a higher priority
than new bus calls that might create new sessions or inhibitors. This helps
ensuring that the number of open sessions stays minimal.
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