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capability-util.[ch]
The files are named too generically, so that they might conflict with
the upstream project headers. Hence, let's add a "-util" suffix, to
clarify that this are just our utility headers and not any official
upstream headers.
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socket-util.[ch]
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There are more than enough to deserve their own .c file, hence move them
over.
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string-util.[ch]
There are more than enough calls doing string manipulations to deserve
its own files, hence do something about it.
This patch also sorts the #include blocks of all files that needed to be
updated, according to the sorting suggestions from CODING_STYLE. Since
pretty much every file needs our string manipulation functions this
effectively means that most files have sorted #include blocks now.
Also touches a few unrelated include files.
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Let's introduce a common function that makes relative paths absolute and
warns about any errors while doing so.
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get_current_dir_name() can return a variety of errors, not just ENOMEM,
hence don't blindly turn its errors to ENOMEM, but return correct errors
in path_make_absolute_cwd().
This trickles down into a couple of other functions, some of which
receive unrelated minor fixes too with this commit.
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Othewise we might follow the symlinks on the host, instead of the
container.
Fixes #1400
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Make sure we acquire CAP_NET_ADMIN if we require virtual networking.
Make sure we imply virtual ethernet correctly when bridge is request.
Fixes: #1511
Fixes: #1554
Fixes: #1590
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With this change we understand more than just leaf quota groups for
btrfs file systems. Specifically:
- When we create a subvolume we can now optionally add the new subvolume
to all qgroups its parent subvolume was member of too. Alternatively
it is also possible to insert an intermediary quota group between the
parent's qgroups and the subvolume's leaf qgroup, which is useful for
a concept of "subtree" qgroups, that contain a subvolume and all its
children.
- The remove logic for subvolumes has been updated to optionally remove
any leaf qgroups or "subtree" qgroups, following the logic above.
- The snapshot logic for subvolumes has been updated to replicate the
original qgroup setup of the source, if it follows the "subtree"
design described above. It will not cover qgroup setups that introduce
arbitrary qgroups, especially those orthogonal to the subvolume
hierarchy.
This also tries to be more graceful when setting up /var/lib/machines as
btrfs. For example, if mkfs.btrfs is missing we don't even try to set it
up as loopback device.
Fixes #1559
Fixes #1129
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Since v3.11/7dc5dbc ("sysfs: Restrict mounting sysfs"), the kernel
doesn't allow mounting sysfs if you don't have CAP_SYS_ADMIN rights over
the network namespace.
So the mounting /sys as a tmpfs code introduced in
d8fc6a000fe21b0c1ba27fbfed8b42d00b349a4b doesn't work with user
namespaces if we don't use private-net. The reason is that we mount
sysfs inside the container and we're in the network namespace of the host
but we don't have CAP_SYS_ADMIN over that namespace.
To fix that, we mount /sys as a sysfs (instead of tmpfs) if we don't use
private network and ignore the /sys-as-a-tmpfs code if we find that /sys
is already mounted as sysfs.
Fixes #1555
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Previously, we'd allocate the TTY, spawn a service on it, but
immediately start processing the TTY and forwarding it to whatever the
commnd was started on. This is however problematic, as the TTY might get
actually opened only much later by the service. We'll hence first get
EIOs on the master as the other side is still closed, and hence
considered it hung up and terminated the session.
With this change we add a flag to the pty forwarding logic:
PTY_FORWARD_IGNORE_INITIAL_VHANGUP. If set, we'll ignore all hangups
(i.e. EIOs) on the master PTY until the first byte is successfully read.
From that point on we consider a hangup/EIO a regular connection termination. This
way, we handle the race: when we get EIO initially we'll ignore it,
until the connection is properly set up, at which time we start
honouring it.
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sysfs below it
This way we can hide things like /sys/firmware or /sys/hypervisor from
the container, while keeping the device tree around.
While this is a security benefit in itself it also allows us to fix
issue #1277.
Previously we'd mount /sys before creating the user namespace, in order
to be able to mount /sys/fs/cgroup/* beneath it (which resides in it),
which we can only mount outside of the user namespace. To ensure that
the user namespace owns the network namespace we'd set up the network
namespace at the same time as the user namespace. Thus, we'd still see
the /sys/class/net/ from the originating network namespace, even though
we are in our own network namespace now. With this patch, /sys is
mounted before transitioning into the user namespace as tmpfs, so that
we can also mount /sys/fs/cgroup/* into it this early. The directories
such as /sys/class/ are then later added in from the real sysfs from
inside the network and user namespace so that they actually show whatis
available in it.
Fixes #1277
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We didn#t actually pass ownership of /run to the UID in the container
since some releases, let's fix that.
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This also allows us to drop build.h from a ton of files, hence do so.
Since we touched the #includes of those files, let's order them properly
according to CODING_STYLE.
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This is highly complex code after all, we really should make sure to
only keep one implementation of this extremely difficult function
around.
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Also, make it slightly more powerful, by accepting a flags argument, and
make it safe for handling if more than one cmsg attribute happens to be
attached.
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A bunch of "Client -> Child" fixes and one barrier-enumerator fix.
(David: rebased on master)
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(David: Note, this is just a cleanup and doesn't fix any bugs)
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Introduce two new helpers that send/receive a single fd via a unix
transport. Also make nspawn use them instead of hard-coding it.
Based on a patch by Krzesimir Nowak.
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off_t is a really weird type as it is usually 64bit these days (at least
in sane programs), but could theoretically be 32bit. We don't support
off_t as 32bit builds though, but still constantly deal with safely
converting from off_t to other types and back for no point.
Hence, never use the type anymore. Always use uint64_t instead. This has
various benefits, including that we can expose these values directly as
D-Bus properties, and also that the values parse the same in all cases.
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We should really close all parent sides of our child/parent socket
pairs.
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SOCK_DGRAM and SOCK_SEQPACKET have very similar semantics when used with
socketpair(). However, SOCK_SEQPACKET has the advantage of knowing a
hangup concept, since it is inherently connection-oriented.
Since we use socket pairs to communicate between the nspawn main process
and the nspawn child process, where the child might die abnormally it's
interesting to us to learn about this via hangups if the child side of
the pair is closed. Hence, let's switch to SOCK_SEQPACKET for these
internal communication sockets.
Fixes #956.
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Let's remove unnecessary inclusions, and order the list alphabetically
as suggested in CODING_STYLE now.
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.nspawn fiels are simple settings files that may accompany container
images and directories and contain settings otherwise passed on the
nspawn command line. This provides an efficient way to attach execution
data directly to containers.
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In the unified hierarchy delegating controller access is safe, hence
make sure to enable all controllers for the "payload" subcgroup if we
create it, so that the container will have all controllers enabled the
nspawn service itself has.
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This patch set adds full support the new unified cgroup hierarchy logic
of modern kernels.
A new kernel command line option "systemd.unified_cgroup_hierarchy=1" is
added. If specified the unified hierarchy is mounted to /sys/fs/cgroup
instead of a tmpfs. No further hierarchies are mounted. The kernel
command line option defaults to off. We can turn it on by default as
soon as the kernel's APIs regarding this are stabilized (but even then
downstream distros might want to turn this off, as this will break any
tools that access cgroupfs directly).
It is possibly to choose for each boot individually whether the unified
or the legacy hierarchy is used. nspawn will by default provide the
legacy hierarchy to containers if the host is using it, and the unified
otherwise. However it is possible to run containers with the unified
hierarchy on a legacy host and vice versa, by setting the
$UNIFIED_CGROUP_HIERARCHY environment variable for nspawn to 1 or 0,
respectively.
The unified hierarchy provides reliable cgroup empty notifications for
the first time, via inotify. To make use of this we maintain one
manager-wide inotify fd, and each cgroup to it.
This patch also removes cg_delete() which is unused now.
On kernel 4.2 only the "memory" controller is compatible with the
unified hierarchy, hence that's the only controller systemd exposes when
booted in unified heirarchy mode.
This introduces a new enum for enumerating supported controllers, plus a
related enum for the mask bits mapping to it. The core is changed to
make use of this everywhere.
This moves PID 1 into a new "init.scope" implicit scope unit in the root
slice. This is necessary since on the unified hierarchy cgroups may
either contain subgroups or processes but not both. PID 1 hence has to
move out of the root cgroup (strictly speaking the root cgroup is the
only one where processes and subgroups are still allowed, but in order
to support containers nicey, we move PID 1 into the new scope in all
cases.) This new unit is also used on legacy hierarchy setups. It's
actually pretty useful on all systems, as it can then be used to filter
journal messages coming from PID 1, and so on.
The root slice ("-.slice") is now implicitly created and started (and
does not require a unit file on disk anymore), since
that's where "init.scope" is located and the slice needs to be started
before the scope can.
To check whether we are in unified or legacy hierarchy mode we use
statfs() on /sys/fs/cgroup. If the .f_type field reports tmpfs we are in
legacy mode, if it reports cgroupfs we are in unified mode.
This patch set carefuly makes sure that cgls and cgtop continue to work
as desired.
When invoking nspawn as a service it will implicitly create two
subcgroups in the cgroup it is using, one to move the nspawn process
into, the other to move the actual container processes into. This is
done because of the requirement that cgroups may either contain
processes or other subgroups.
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that either
Follow-up regarding #649.
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--bind and --bind-ro perform the bind mount
non-recursively. It is sometimes (often?) desirable
to do a recursive mount. This patch adds an optional
set of bind mount options in the form of:
--bind=src-path:dst-path:options
options are comma separated and currently only
"rbind" and "norbind" are allowed.
Default value is "rbind".
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Fixes #1018.
Based on a patch from Seth Jennings.
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