<?xml version='1.0'?> <!--*- Mode: nxml; nxml-child-indent: 2; indent-tabs-mode: nil -*--> <!DOCTYPE refentry PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.2//EN" "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.2/docbookx.dtd"> <!-- This file is part of systemd. Copyright 2015 Lennart Poettering systemd is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 2.1 of the License, or (at your option) any later version. systemd is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU Lesser General Public License for more details. You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public License along with systemd; If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>. --> <refentry id="sd_event_add_io" xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude"> <refentryinfo> <title>sd_event_add_io</title> <productname>systemd</productname> <authorgroup> <author> <contrib>Developer</contrib> <firstname>Lennart</firstname> <surname>Poettering</surname> <email>lennart@poettering.net</email> </author> </authorgroup> </refentryinfo> <refmeta> <refentrytitle>sd_event_add_io</refentrytitle> <manvolnum>3</manvolnum> </refmeta> <refnamediv> <refname>sd_event_add_io</refname> <refname>sd_event_source_get_io_events</refname> <refname>sd_event_source_set_io_events</refname> <refname>sd_event_source_get_io_revents</refname> <refname>sd_event_source_get_io_fd</refname> <refname>sd_event_source_set_io_fd</refname> <refname>sd_event_source</refname> <refname>sd_event_io_handler_t</refname> <refpurpose>Add an I/O event source to an event loop</refpurpose> </refnamediv> <refsynopsisdiv> <funcsynopsis> <funcsynopsisinfo>#include <systemd/sd-event.h></funcsynopsisinfo> <funcsynopsisinfo><token>typedef</token> struct sd_event_source sd_event_source;</funcsynopsisinfo> <funcprototype> <funcdef>typedef int (*<function>sd_event_io_handler_t</function>)</funcdef> <paramdef>sd_event_source *<parameter>s</parameter></paramdef> <paramdef>int <parameter>fd</parameter></paramdef> <paramdef>uint32_t <parameter>revents</parameter></paramdef> <paramdef>void *<parameter>userdata</parameter></paramdef> </funcprototype> <funcprototype> <funcdef>int <function>sd_event_add_io</function></funcdef> <paramdef>sd_event *<parameter>event</parameter></paramdef> <paramdef>sd_event_source **<parameter>source</parameter></paramdef> <paramdef>int <parameter>fd</parameter></paramdef> <paramdef>uint32_t <parameter>events</parameter></paramdef> <paramdef>sd_event_io_handler_t <parameter>handler</parameter></paramdef> <paramdef>void *<parameter>userdata</parameter></paramdef> </funcprototype> <funcprototype> <funcdef>int <function>sd_event_source_get_io_events</function></funcdef> <paramdef>sd_event_source *<parameter>source</parameter></paramdef> <paramdef>uint32_t *<parameter>events</parameter></paramdef> </funcprototype> <funcprototype> <funcdef>int <function>sd_event_source_set_io_events</function></funcdef> <paramdef>sd_event_source *<parameter>source</parameter></paramdef> <paramdef>uint32_t <parameter>events</parameter></paramdef> </funcprototype> <funcprototype> <funcdef>int <function>sd_event_source_get_io_revents</function></funcdef> <paramdef>sd_event_source *<parameter>source</parameter></paramdef> <paramdef>uint32_t *<parameter>revents</parameter></paramdef> </funcprototype> <funcprototype> <funcdef>int <function>sd_event_source_get_io_fd</function></funcdef> <paramdef>sd_event_source *<parameter>source</parameter></paramdef> </funcprototype> <funcprototype> <funcdef>int <function>sd_event_source_set_io_fd</function></funcdef> <paramdef>sd_event_source *<parameter>source</parameter></paramdef> <paramdef>int <parameter>fd</parameter></paramdef> </funcprototype> </funcsynopsis> </refsynopsisdiv> <refsect1> <title>Description</title> <para><function>sd_event_add_io()</function> adds a new I/O event source to an event loop. The event loop object is specified in the <parameter>event</parameter> parameter, the event source object is returned in the <parameter>source</parameter> parameter. The <parameter>fd</parameter> parameter takes the UNIX file descriptor to watch, which may refer to a socket, a FIFO, a message queue, a serial connection, a character device, or any other file descriptor compatible with Linux <citerefentry project='man-pages'><refentrytitle>epoll</refentrytitle><manvolnum>7</manvolnum></citerefentry>. The <parameter>events</parameter> parameter takes a bit mask of events to watch for, a combination of the following event flags: <constant>EPOLLIN</constant>, <constant>EPOLLOUT</constant>, <constant>EPOLLRDHUP</constant>, <constant>EPOLLPRI</constant>, and <constant>EPOLLET</constant>, see <citerefentry project='man-pages'><refentrytitle>epoll_ctl</refentrytitle><manvolnum>2</manvolnum></citerefentry> for details. The <parameter>handler</parameter> shall reference a function to call when the event source is triggered. The <parameter>userdata</parameter> pointer will be passed to the handler function, and may be chosen freely by the caller. The handler will also be passed the file descriptor the event was seen on, as well as the actual event flags. It's generally a subset of the events watched, however may additionally include <constant>EPOLLERR</constant> and <constant>EPOLLHUP</constant>. </para> <para>By default, an event source will stay enabled continuously (<constant>SD_EVENT_ON</constant>), but this may be changed with <citerefentry><refentrytitle>sd_event_source_set_enabled</refentrytitle><manvolnum>3</manvolnum></citerefentry>. If the handler function returns a negative error code, it will be disabled after the invocation, even if the <constant>SD_EVENT_ON</constant> mode was requested before. Note that an event source set to <constant>SD_EVENT_ON</constant> will fire continuously unless data is read from or written to the file descriptor to reset the mask of events seen. </para> <para>Setting the I/O event mask to watch for to 0 does not mean that the event source won't be triggered anymore, as <constant>EPOLLHUP</constant> and <constant>EPOLLERR</constant> may be triggered even with a zero event mask. To temporarily disable an I/O event source use <citerefentry><refentrytitle>sd_event_source_set_enabled</refentrytitle><manvolnum>3</manvolnum></citerefentry> with <constant>SD_EVENT_OFF</constant> instead.</para> <para>To destroy an event source object use <citerefentry><refentrytitle>sd_event_source_unref</refentrytitle><manvolnum>3</manvolnum></citerefentry>, but note that the event source is only removed from the event loop when all references to the event source are dropped. To make sure an event source does not fire anymore, even if it is still referenced, disable the event source using <citerefentry><refentrytitle>sd_event_source_set_enabled</refentrytitle><manvolnum>3</manvolnum></citerefentry> with <constant>SD_EVENT_OFF</constant>.</para> <para>If the second parameter of <function>sd_event_add_io()</function> is <constant>NULL</constant> no reference to the event source object is returned. In this case the event source is considered "floating", and will be destroyed implicitly when the event loop itself is destroyed.</para> <para>It is recommended to use <function>sd_event_add_io()</function> only in conjunction with file descriptors that have <constant>O_NONBLOCK</constant> set, to ensure that all I/O operations from invoked handlers are properly asynchronous and non-blocking. Using file descriptors without <constant>O_NONBLOCK</constant> might result in unexpected starvation of other event sources. See <citerefentry project='man-pages'><refentrytitle>fcntl</refentrytitle><manvolnum>2</manvolnum></citerefentry> for details on enabling <constant>O_NONBLOCK</constant> mode.</para> <para><function>sd_event_source_get_io_events()</function> retrieves the configured mask of watched I/O events of an event source created previously with <function>sd_event_add_io()</function>. It takes the event source object and a pointer to a variable to store the mask in.</para> <para><function>sd_event_source_set_io_events()</function> configures the mask of watched I/O events of an event source created previously with <function>sd_event_add_io()</function>. It takes the event source object and the new event mask.</para> <para><function>sd_event_source_get_io_revents()</function> retrieves the I/O event mask of currently seen but undispatched events from an event source created previously with <function>sd_event_add_io()</function>. It takes the event source object and a pointer to a variable to store the event mask in. When called from a handler function on the handler's event source object this will return the same mask as passed to the handler's <parameter>revents</parameter> parameter. This call is primarily useful to check for undispatched events of an event source from the handler of an unrelated (possibly higher priority) event source. Note the relation between <function>sd_event_source_get_pending()</function> and <function>sd_event_source_get_io_revents()</function>: both functions will report non-zero results when there's an event pending for the event source, but the former applies to all event source types, the latter only to I/O event sources.</para> <para><function>sd_event_source_get_io_fd()</function> retrieves the UNIX file descriptor of an event source created previously with <function>sd_event_add_io()</function>. It takes the event source object and returns the non-negative file descriptor or a negative error number on error (see below).</para> <para><function>sd_event_source_set_io_fd()</function> changes the UNIX file descriptor of an I/O event source created previously with <function>sd_event_add_io()</function>. It takes the event source object and the new file descriptor.</para> </refsect1> <refsect1> <title>Return Value</title> <para>On success, these functions return 0 or a positive integer. On failure, they return a negative errno-style error code.</para> </refsect1> <refsect1> <title>Errors</title> <para>Returned values may indicate the following problems:</para> <variablelist> <varlistentry> <term><constant>-ENOMEM</constant></term> <listitem><para>Not enough memory to allocate an object.</para></listitem> </varlistentry> <varlistentry> <term><constant>-EINVAL</constant></term> <listitem><para>An invalid argument has been passed.</para></listitem> </varlistentry> <varlistentry> <term><constant>-ESTALE</constant></term> <listitem><para>The event loop is already terminated.</para></listitem> </varlistentry> <varlistentry> <term><constant>-ECHILD</constant></term> <listitem><para>The event loop has been created in a different process.</para></listitem> </varlistentry> <varlistentry> <term><constant>-EDOM</constant></term> <listitem><para>The passed event source is not an I/O event source.</para></listitem> </varlistentry> </variablelist> </refsect1> <xi:include href="libsystemd-pkgconfig.xml" /> <refsect1> <title>See Also</title> <para> <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>, <citerefentry><refentrytitle>sd-event</refentrytitle><manvolnum>3</manvolnum></citerefentry>, <citerefentry><refentrytitle>sd_event_new</refentrytitle><manvolnum>3</manvolnum></citerefentry>, <citerefentry><refentrytitle>sd_event_now</refentrytitle><manvolnum>3</manvolnum></citerefentry>, <citerefentry><refentrytitle>sd_event_add_time</refentrytitle><manvolnum>3</manvolnum></citerefentry>, <citerefentry><refentrytitle>sd_event_add_signal</refentrytitle><manvolnum>3</manvolnum></citerefentry>, <citerefentry><refentrytitle>sd_event_add_child</refentrytitle><manvolnum>3</manvolnum></citerefentry>, <citerefentry><refentrytitle>sd_event_add_defer</refentrytitle><manvolnum>3</manvolnum></citerefentry>, <citerefentry><refentrytitle>sd_event_source_set_enabled</refentrytitle><manvolnum>3</manvolnum></citerefentry>, <citerefentry><refentrytitle>sd_event_source_set_priority</refentrytitle><manvolnum>3</manvolnum></citerefentry>, <citerefentry><refentrytitle>sd_event_source_set_userdata</refentrytitle><manvolnum>3</manvolnum></citerefentry>, <citerefentry><refentrytitle>sd_event_source_set_description</refentrytitle><manvolnum>3</manvolnum></citerefentry>, <citerefentry><refentrytitle>sd_event_source_get_pending</refentrytitle><manvolnum>3</manvolnum></citerefentry>, <citerefentry project='man-pages'><refentrytitle>epoll_ctl</refentrytitle><manvolnum>3</manvolnum></citerefentry>, <citerefentry project='man-pages'><refentrytitle>epoll</refentrytitle><manvolnum>7</manvolnum></citerefentry> </para> </refsect1> </refentry>