/*-*- Mode: C; c-basic-offset: 8; indent-tabs-mode: nil -*-*/ /*** This file is part of systemd. Copyright 2010 Lennart Poettering systemd is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 2.1 of the License, or (at your option) any later version. systemd is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU Lesser General Public License for more details. You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public License along with systemd; If not, see . ***/ #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include /* When we include libgen.h because we need dirname() we immediately * undefine basename() since libgen.h defines it as a macro to the * POSIX version which is really broken. We prefer GNU basename(). */ #include #undef basename #ifdef HAVE_SYS_AUXV_H #include #endif /* We include linux/fs.h as last of the system headers, as it * otherwise conflicts with sys/mount.h. Yay, Linux is great! */ #include #include "build.h" #include "def.h" #include "device-nodes.h" #include "env-util.h" #include "escape.h" #include "exit-status.h" #include "fd-util.h" #include "fileio.h" #include "formats-util.h" #include "gunicode.h" #include "hashmap.h" #include "hostname-util.h" #include "ioprio.h" #include "log.h" #include "macro.h" #include "missing.h" #include "mkdir.h" #include "hexdecoct.h" #include "parse-util.h" #include "path-util.h" #include "process-util.h" #include "random-util.h" #include "signal-util.h" #include "sparse-endian.h" #include "string-util.h" #include "strv.h" #include "terminal-util.h" #include "user-util.h" #include "utf8.h" #include "util.h" #include "virt.h" #include "dirent-util.h" /* Put this test here for a lack of better place */ assert_cc(EAGAIN == EWOULDBLOCK); int saved_argc = 0; char **saved_argv = NULL; size_t page_size(void) { static thread_local size_t pgsz = 0; long r; if (_likely_(pgsz > 0)) return pgsz; r = sysconf(_SC_PAGESIZE); assert(r > 0); pgsz = (size_t) r; return pgsz; } int unlink_noerrno(const char *path) { PROTECT_ERRNO; int r; r = unlink(path); if (r < 0) return -errno; return 0; } int fchmod_umask(int fd, mode_t m) { mode_t u; int r; u = umask(0777); r = fchmod(fd, m & (~u)) < 0 ? -errno : 0; umask(u); return r; } int readlinkat_malloc(int fd, const char *p, char **ret) { size_t l = 100; int r; assert(p); assert(ret); for (;;) { char *c; ssize_t n; c = new(char, l); if (!c) return -ENOMEM; n = readlinkat(fd, p, c, l-1); if (n < 0) { r = -errno; free(c); return r; } if ((size_t) n < l-1) { c[n] = 0; *ret = c; return 0; } free(c); l *= 2; } } int readlink_malloc(const char *p, char **ret) { return readlinkat_malloc(AT_FDCWD, p, ret); } int readlink_value(const char *p, char **ret) { _cleanup_free_ char *link = NULL; char *value; int r; r = readlink_malloc(p, &link); if (r < 0) return r; value = basename(link); if (!value) return -ENOENT; value = strdup(value); if (!value) return -ENOMEM; *ret = value; return 0; } int readlink_and_make_absolute(const char *p, char **r) { _cleanup_free_ char *target = NULL; char *k; int j; assert(p); assert(r); j = readlink_malloc(p, &target); if (j < 0) return j; k = file_in_same_dir(p, target); if (!k) return -ENOMEM; *r = k; return 0; } int readlink_and_canonicalize(const char *p, char **r) { char *t, *s; int j; assert(p); assert(r); j = readlink_and_make_absolute(p, &t); if (j < 0) return j; s = canonicalize_file_name(t); if (s) { free(t); *r = s; } else *r = t; path_kill_slashes(*r); return 0; } int rmdir_parents(const char *path, const char *stop) { size_t l; int r = 0; assert(path); assert(stop); l = strlen(path); /* Skip trailing slashes */ while (l > 0 && path[l-1] == '/') l--; while (l > 0) { char *t; /* Skip last component */ while (l > 0 && path[l-1] != '/') l--; /* Skip trailing slashes */ while (l > 0 && path[l-1] == '/') l--; if (l <= 0) break; if (!(t = strndup(path, l))) return -ENOMEM; if (path_startswith(stop, t)) { free(t); return 0; } r = rmdir(t); free(t); if (r < 0) if (errno != ENOENT) return -errno; } return 0; } bool fstype_is_network(const char *fstype) { static const char table[] = "afs\0" "cifs\0" "smbfs\0" "sshfs\0" "ncpfs\0" "ncp\0" "nfs\0" "nfs4\0" "gfs\0" "gfs2\0" "glusterfs\0"; const char *x; x = startswith(fstype, "fuse."); if (x) fstype = x; return nulstr_contains(table, fstype); } int dir_is_empty(const char *path) { _cleanup_closedir_ DIR *d; struct dirent *de; d = opendir(path); if (!d) return -errno; FOREACH_DIRENT(de, d, return -errno) return 0; return 1; } void rename_process(const char name[8]) { assert(name); /* This is a like a poor man's setproctitle(). It changes the * comm field, argv[0], and also the glibc's internally used * name of the process. For the first one a limit of 16 chars * applies, to the second one usually one of 10 (i.e. length * of "/sbin/init"), to the third one one of 7 (i.e. length of * "systemd"). If you pass a longer string it will be * truncated */ prctl(PR_SET_NAME, name); if (program_invocation_name) strncpy(program_invocation_name, name, strlen(program_invocation_name)); if (saved_argc > 0) { int i; if (saved_argv[0]) strncpy(saved_argv[0], name, strlen(saved_argv[0])); for (i = 1; i < saved_argc; i++) { if (!saved_argv[i]) break; memzero(saved_argv[i], strlen(saved_argv[i])); } } } bool is_fs_type(const struct statfs *s, statfs_f_type_t magic_value) { assert(s); assert_cc(sizeof(statfs_f_type_t) >= sizeof(s->f_type)); return F_TYPE_EQUAL(s->f_type, magic_value); } int fd_check_fstype(int fd, statfs_f_type_t magic_value) { struct statfs s; if (fstatfs(fd, &s) < 0) return -errno; return is_fs_type(&s, magic_value); } int path_check_fstype(const char *path, statfs_f_type_t magic_value) { _cleanup_close_ int fd = -1; fd = open(path, O_RDONLY); if (fd < 0) return -errno; return fd_check_fstype(fd, magic_value); } bool is_temporary_fs(const struct statfs *s) { return is_fs_type(s, TMPFS_MAGIC) || is_fs_type(s, RAMFS_MAGIC); } int fd_is_temporary_fs(int fd) { struct statfs s; if (fstatfs(fd, &s) < 0) return -errno; return is_temporary_fs(&s); } int chmod_and_chown(const char *path, mode_t mode, uid_t uid, gid_t gid) { assert(path); /* Under the assumption that we are running privileged we * first change the access mode and only then hand out * ownership to avoid a window where access is too open. */ if (mode != MODE_INVALID) if (chmod(path, mode) < 0) return -errno; if (uid != UID_INVALID || gid != GID_INVALID) if (chown(path, uid, gid) < 0) return -errno; return 0; } int fchmod_and_fchown(int fd, mode_t mode, uid_t uid, gid_t gid) { assert(fd >= 0); /* Under the assumption that we are running privileged we * first change the access mode and only then hand out * ownership to avoid a window where access is too open. */ if (mode != MODE_INVALID) if (fchmod(fd, mode) < 0) return -errno; if (uid != UID_INVALID || gid != GID_INVALID) if (fchown(fd, uid, gid) < 0) return -errno; return 0; } int files_same(const char *filea, const char *fileb) { struct stat a, b; if (stat(filea, &a) < 0) return -errno; if (stat(fileb, &b) < 0) return -errno; return a.st_dev == b.st_dev && a.st_ino == b.st_ino; } int running_in_chroot(void) { int ret; ret = files_same("/proc/1/root", "/"); if (ret < 0) return ret; return ret == 0; } int touch_file(const char *path, bool parents, usec_t stamp, uid_t uid, gid_t gid, mode_t mode) { _cleanup_close_ int fd; int r; assert(path); if (parents) mkdir_parents(path, 0755); fd = open(path, O_WRONLY|O_CREAT|O_CLOEXEC|O_NOCTTY, mode > 0 ? mode : 0644); if (fd < 0) return -errno; if (mode > 0) { r = fchmod(fd, mode); if (r < 0) return -errno; } if (uid != UID_INVALID || gid != GID_INVALID) { r = fchown(fd, uid, gid); if (r < 0) return -errno; } if (stamp != USEC_INFINITY) { struct timespec ts[2]; timespec_store(&ts[0], stamp); ts[1] = ts[0]; r = futimens(fd, ts); } else r = futimens(fd, NULL); if (r < 0) return -errno; return 0; } int touch(const char *path) { return touch_file(path, false, USEC_INFINITY, UID_INVALID, GID_INVALID, 0); } noreturn void freeze(void) { /* Make sure nobody waits for us on a socket anymore */ close_all_fds(NULL, 0); sync(); for (;;) pause(); } bool null_or_empty(struct stat *st) { assert(st); if (S_ISREG(st->st_mode) && st->st_size <= 0) return true; if (S_ISCHR(st->st_mode) || S_ISBLK(st->st_mode)) return true; return false; } int null_or_empty_path(const char *fn) { struct stat st; assert(fn); if (stat(fn, &st) < 0) return -errno; return null_or_empty(&st); } int null_or_empty_fd(int fd) { struct stat st; assert(fd >= 0); if (fstat(fd, &st) < 0) return -errno; return null_or_empty(&st); } static int do_execute(char **directories, usec_t timeout, char *argv[]) { _cleanup_hashmap_free_free_ Hashmap *pids = NULL; _cleanup_set_free_free_ Set *seen = NULL; char **directory; /* We fork this all off from a child process so that we can * somewhat cleanly make use of SIGALRM to set a time limit */ (void) reset_all_signal_handlers(); (void) reset_signal_mask(); assert_se(prctl(PR_SET_PDEATHSIG, SIGTERM) == 0); pids = hashmap_new(NULL); if (!pids) return log_oom(); seen = set_new(&string_hash_ops); if (!seen) return log_oom(); STRV_FOREACH(directory, directories) { _cleanup_closedir_ DIR *d; struct dirent *de; d = opendir(*directory); if (!d) { if (errno == ENOENT) continue; return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to open directory %s: %m", *directory); } FOREACH_DIRENT(de, d, break) { _cleanup_free_ char *path = NULL; pid_t pid; int r; if (!dirent_is_file(de)) continue; if (set_contains(seen, de->d_name)) { log_debug("%1$s/%2$s skipped (%2$s was already seen).", *directory, de->d_name); continue; } r = set_put_strdup(seen, de->d_name); if (r < 0) return log_oom(); path = strjoin(*directory, "/", de->d_name, NULL); if (!path) return log_oom(); if (null_or_empty_path(path)) { log_debug("%s is empty (a mask).", path); continue; } pid = fork(); if (pid < 0) { log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to fork: %m"); continue; } else if (pid == 0) { char *_argv[2]; assert_se(prctl(PR_SET_PDEATHSIG, SIGTERM) == 0); if (!argv) { _argv[0] = path; _argv[1] = NULL; argv = _argv; } else argv[0] = path; execv(path, argv); return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to execute %s: %m", path); } log_debug("Spawned %s as " PID_FMT ".", path, pid); r = hashmap_put(pids, UINT_TO_PTR(pid), path); if (r < 0) return log_oom(); path = NULL; } } /* Abort execution of this process after the timout. We simply * rely on SIGALRM as default action terminating the process, * and turn on alarm(). */ if (timeout != USEC_INFINITY) alarm((timeout + USEC_PER_SEC - 1) / USEC_PER_SEC); while (!hashmap_isempty(pids)) { _cleanup_free_ char *path = NULL; pid_t pid; pid = PTR_TO_UINT(hashmap_first_key(pids)); assert(pid > 0); path = hashmap_remove(pids, UINT_TO_PTR(pid)); assert(path); wait_for_terminate_and_warn(path, pid, true); } return 0; } void execute_directories(const char* const* directories, usec_t timeout, char *argv[]) { pid_t executor_pid; int r; char *name; char **dirs = (char**) directories; assert(!strv_isempty(dirs)); name = basename(dirs[0]); assert(!isempty(name)); /* Executes all binaries in the directories in parallel and waits * for them to finish. Optionally a timeout is applied. If a file * with the same name exists in more than one directory, the * earliest one wins. */ executor_pid = fork(); if (executor_pid < 0) { log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to fork: %m"); return; } else if (executor_pid == 0) { r = do_execute(dirs, timeout, argv); _exit(r < 0 ? EXIT_FAILURE : EXIT_SUCCESS); } wait_for_terminate_and_warn(name, executor_pid, true); } bool plymouth_running(void) { return access("/run/plymouth/pid", F_OK) >= 0; } int symlink_atomic(const char *from, const char *to) { _cleanup_free_ char *t = NULL; int r; assert(from); assert(to); r = tempfn_random(to, NULL, &t); if (r < 0) return r; if (symlink(from, t) < 0) return -errno; if (rename(t, to) < 0) { unlink_noerrno(t); return -errno; } return 0; } int symlink_idempotent(const char *from, const char *to) { _cleanup_free_ char *p = NULL; int r; assert(from); assert(to); if (symlink(from, to) < 0) { if (errno != EEXIST) return -errno; r = readlink_malloc(to, &p); if (r < 0) return r; if (!streq(p, from)) return -EINVAL; } return 0; } int mknod_atomic(const char *path, mode_t mode, dev_t dev) { _cleanup_free_ char *t = NULL; int r; assert(path); r = tempfn_random(path, NULL, &t); if (r < 0) return r; if (mknod(t, mode, dev) < 0) return -errno; if (rename(t, path) < 0) { unlink_noerrno(t); return -errno; } return 0; } int mkfifo_atomic(const char *path, mode_t mode) { _cleanup_free_ char *t = NULL; int r; assert(path); r = tempfn_random(path, NULL, &t); if (r < 0) return r; if (mkfifo(t, mode) < 0) return -errno; if (rename(t, path) < 0) { unlink_noerrno(t); return -errno; } return 0; } bool display_is_local(const char *display) { assert(display); return display[0] == ':' && display[1] >= '0' && display[1] <= '9'; } int socket_from_display(const char *display, char **path) { size_t k; char *f, *c; assert(display); assert(path); if (!display_is_local(display)) return -EINVAL; k = strspn(display+1, "0123456789"); f = new(char, strlen("/tmp/.X11-unix/X") + k + 1); if (!f) return -ENOMEM; c = stpcpy(f, "/tmp/.X11-unix/X"); memcpy(c, display+1, k); c[k] = 0; *path = f; return 0; } int glob_exists(const char *path) { _cleanup_globfree_ glob_t g = {}; int k; assert(path); errno = 0; k = glob(path, GLOB_NOSORT|GLOB_BRACE, NULL, &g); if (k == GLOB_NOMATCH) return 0; else if (k == GLOB_NOSPACE) return -ENOMEM; else if (k == 0) return !strv_isempty(g.gl_pathv); else return errno ? -errno : -EIO; } int glob_extend(char ***strv, const char *path) { _cleanup_globfree_ glob_t g = {}; int k; char **p; errno = 0; k = glob(path, GLOB_NOSORT|GLOB_BRACE, NULL, &g); if (k == GLOB_NOMATCH) return -ENOENT; else if (k == GLOB_NOSPACE) return -ENOMEM; else if (k != 0 || strv_isempty(g.gl_pathv)) return errno ? -errno : -EIO; STRV_FOREACH(p, g.gl_pathv) { k = strv_extend(strv, *p); if (k < 0) break; } return k; } int get_files_in_directory(const char *path, char ***list) { _cleanup_closedir_ DIR *d = NULL; size_t bufsize = 0, n = 0; _cleanup_strv_free_ char **l = NULL; assert(path); /* Returns all files in a directory in *list, and the number * of files as return value. If list is NULL returns only the * number. */ d = opendir(path); if (!d) return -errno; for (;;) { struct dirent *de; errno = 0; de = readdir(d); if (!de && errno != 0) return -errno; if (!de) break; dirent_ensure_type(d, de); if (!dirent_is_file(de)) continue; if (list) { /* one extra slot is needed for the terminating NULL */ if (!GREEDY_REALLOC(l, bufsize, n + 2)) return -ENOMEM; l[n] = strdup(de->d_name); if (!l[n]) return -ENOMEM; l[++n] = NULL; } else n++; } if (list) { *list = l; l = NULL; /* avoid freeing */ } return n; } bool is_main_thread(void) { static thread_local int cached = 0; if (_unlikely_(cached == 0)) cached = getpid() == gettid() ? 1 : -1; return cached > 0; } int block_get_whole_disk(dev_t d, dev_t *ret) { char *p, *s; int r; unsigned n, m; assert(ret); /* If it has a queue this is good enough for us */ if (asprintf(&p, "/sys/dev/block/%u:%u/queue", major(d), minor(d)) < 0) return -ENOMEM; r = access(p, F_OK); free(p); if (r >= 0) { *ret = d; return 0; } /* If it is a partition find the originating device */ if (asprintf(&p, "/sys/dev/block/%u:%u/partition", major(d), minor(d)) < 0) return -ENOMEM; r = access(p, F_OK); free(p); if (r < 0) return -ENOENT; /* Get parent dev_t */ if (asprintf(&p, "/sys/dev/block/%u:%u/../dev", major(d), minor(d)) < 0) return -ENOMEM; r = read_one_line_file(p, &s); free(p); if (r < 0) return r; r = sscanf(s, "%u:%u", &m, &n); free(s); if (r != 2) return -EINVAL; /* Only return this if it is really good enough for us. */ if (asprintf(&p, "/sys/dev/block/%u:%u/queue", m, n) < 0) return -ENOMEM; r = access(p, F_OK); free(p); if (r >= 0) { *ret = makedev(m, n); return 0; } return -ENOENT; } static const char *const ioprio_class_table[] = { [IOPRIO_CLASS_NONE] = "none", [IOPRIO_CLASS_RT] = "realtime", [IOPRIO_CLASS_BE] = "best-effort", [IOPRIO_CLASS_IDLE] = "idle" }; DEFINE_STRING_TABLE_LOOKUP_WITH_FALLBACK(ioprio_class, int, INT_MAX); static const char *const sigchld_code_table[] = { [CLD_EXITED] = "exited", [CLD_KILLED] = "killed", [CLD_DUMPED] = "dumped", [CLD_TRAPPED] = "trapped", [CLD_STOPPED] = "stopped", [CLD_CONTINUED] = "continued", }; DEFINE_STRING_TABLE_LOOKUP(sigchld_code, int); static const char *const log_facility_unshifted_table[LOG_NFACILITIES] = { [LOG_FAC(LOG_KERN)] = "kern", [LOG_FAC(LOG_USER)] = "user", [LOG_FAC(LOG_MAIL)] = "mail", [LOG_FAC(LOG_DAEMON)] = "daemon", [LOG_FAC(LOG_AUTH)] = "auth", [LOG_FAC(LOG_SYSLOG)] = "syslog", [LOG_FAC(LOG_LPR)] = "lpr", [LOG_FAC(LOG_NEWS)] = "news", [LOG_FAC(LOG_UUCP)] = "uucp", [LOG_FAC(LOG_CRON)] = "cron", [LOG_FAC(LOG_AUTHPRIV)] = "authpriv", [LOG_FAC(LOG_FTP)] = "ftp", [LOG_FAC(LOG_LOCAL0)] = "local0", [LOG_FAC(LOG_LOCAL1)] = "local1", [LOG_FAC(LOG_LOCAL2)] = "local2", [LOG_FAC(LOG_LOCAL3)] = "local3", [LOG_FAC(LOG_LOCAL4)] = "local4", [LOG_FAC(LOG_LOCAL5)] = "local5", [LOG_FAC(LOG_LOCAL6)] = "local6", [LOG_FAC(LOG_LOCAL7)] = "local7" }; DEFINE_STRING_TABLE_LOOKUP_WITH_FALLBACK(log_facility_unshifted, int, LOG_FAC(~0)); bool log_facility_unshifted_is_valid(int facility) { return facility >= 0 && facility <= LOG_FAC(~0); } static const char *const log_level_table[] = { [LOG_EMERG] = "emerg", [LOG_ALERT] = "alert", [LOG_CRIT] = "crit", [LOG_ERR] = "err", [LOG_WARNING] = "warning", [LOG_NOTICE] = "notice", [LOG_INFO] = "info", [LOG_DEBUG] = "debug" }; DEFINE_STRING_TABLE_LOOKUP_WITH_FALLBACK(log_level, int, LOG_DEBUG); bool log_level_is_valid(int level) { return level >= 0 && level <= LOG_DEBUG; } static const char* const sched_policy_table[] = { [SCHED_OTHER] = "other", [SCHED_BATCH] = "batch", [SCHED_IDLE] = "idle", [SCHED_FIFO] = "fifo", [SCHED_RR] = "rr" }; DEFINE_STRING_TABLE_LOOKUP_WITH_FALLBACK(sched_policy, int, INT_MAX); bool kexec_loaded(void) { bool loaded = false; char *s; if (read_one_line_file("/sys/kernel/kexec_loaded", &s) >= 0) { if (s[0] == '1') loaded = true; free(s); } return loaded; } int prot_from_flags(int flags) { switch (flags & O_ACCMODE) { case O_RDONLY: return PROT_READ; case O_WRONLY: return PROT_WRITE; case O_RDWR: return PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE; default: return -EINVAL; } } void* memdup(const void *p, size_t l) { void *r; assert(p); r = malloc(l); if (!r) return NULL; memcpy(r, p, l); return r; } int fork_agent(pid_t *pid, const int except[], unsigned n_except, const char *path, ...) { bool stdout_is_tty, stderr_is_tty; pid_t parent_pid, agent_pid; sigset_t ss, saved_ss; unsigned n, i; va_list ap; char **l; assert(pid); assert(path); /* Spawns a temporary TTY agent, making sure it goes away when * we go away */ parent_pid = getpid(); /* First we temporarily block all signals, so that the new * child has them blocked initially. This way, we can be sure * that SIGTERMs are not lost we might send to the agent. */ assert_se(sigfillset(&ss) >= 0); assert_se(sigprocmask(SIG_SETMASK, &ss, &saved_ss) >= 0); agent_pid = fork(); if (agent_pid < 0) { assert_se(sigprocmask(SIG_SETMASK, &saved_ss, NULL) >= 0); return -errno; } if (agent_pid != 0) { assert_se(sigprocmask(SIG_SETMASK, &saved_ss, NULL) >= 0); *pid = agent_pid; return 0; } /* In the child: * * Make sure the agent goes away when the parent dies */ if (prctl(PR_SET_PDEATHSIG, SIGTERM) < 0) _exit(EXIT_FAILURE); /* Make sure we actually can kill the agent, if we need to, in * case somebody invoked us from a shell script that trapped * SIGTERM or so... */ (void) reset_all_signal_handlers(); (void) reset_signal_mask(); /* Check whether our parent died before we were able * to set the death signal and unblock the signals */ if (getppid() != parent_pid) _exit(EXIT_SUCCESS); /* Don't leak fds to the agent */ close_all_fds(except, n_except); stdout_is_tty = isatty(STDOUT_FILENO); stderr_is_tty = isatty(STDERR_FILENO); if (!stdout_is_tty || !stderr_is_tty) { int fd; /* Detach from stdout/stderr. and reopen * /dev/tty for them. This is important to * ensure that when systemctl is started via * popen() or a similar call that expects to * read EOF we actually do generate EOF and * not delay this indefinitely by because we * keep an unused copy of stdin around. */ fd = open("/dev/tty", O_WRONLY); if (fd < 0) { log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to open /dev/tty: %m"); _exit(EXIT_FAILURE); } if (!stdout_is_tty) dup2(fd, STDOUT_FILENO); if (!stderr_is_tty) dup2(fd, STDERR_FILENO); if (fd > 2) close(fd); } /* Count arguments */ va_start(ap, path); for (n = 0; va_arg(ap, char*); n++) ; va_end(ap); /* Allocate strv */ l = alloca(sizeof(char *) * (n + 1)); /* Fill in arguments */ va_start(ap, path); for (i = 0; i <= n; i++) l[i] = va_arg(ap, char*); va_end(ap); execv(path, l); _exit(EXIT_FAILURE); } bool http_etag_is_valid(const char *etag) { if (isempty(etag)) return false; if (!endswith(etag, "\"")) return false; if (!startswith(etag, "\"") && !startswith(etag, "W/\"")) return false; return true; } bool http_url_is_valid(const char *url) { const char *p; if (isempty(url)) return false; p = startswith(url, "http://"); if (!p) p = startswith(url, "https://"); if (!p) return false; if (isempty(p)) return false; return ascii_is_valid(p); } bool documentation_url_is_valid(const char *url) { const char *p; if (isempty(url)) return false; if (http_url_is_valid(url)) return true; p = startswith(url, "file:/"); if (!p) p = startswith(url, "info:"); if (!p) p = startswith(url, "man:"); if (isempty(p)) return false; return ascii_is_valid(p); } bool in_initrd(void) { static int saved = -1; struct statfs s; if (saved >= 0) return saved; /* We make two checks here: * * 1. the flag file /etc/initrd-release must exist * 2. the root file system must be a memory file system * * The second check is extra paranoia, since misdetecting an * initrd can have bad bad consequences due the initrd * emptying when transititioning to the main systemd. */ saved = access("/etc/initrd-release", F_OK) >= 0 && statfs("/", &s) >= 0 && is_temporary_fs(&s); return saved; } bool string_is_safe(const char *p) { const char *t; if (!p) return false; for (t = p; *t; t++) { if (*t > 0 && *t < ' ') return false; if (strchr("\\\"\'\x7f", *t)) return false; } return true; } /* hey glibc, APIs with callbacks without a user pointer are so useless */ void *xbsearch_r(const void *key, const void *base, size_t nmemb, size_t size, int (*compar) (const void *, const void *, void *), void *arg) { size_t l, u, idx; const void *p; int comparison; l = 0; u = nmemb; while (l < u) { idx = (l + u) / 2; p = (void *)(((const char *) base) + (idx * size)); comparison = compar(key, p, arg); if (comparison < 0) u = idx; else if (comparison > 0) l = idx + 1; else return (void *)p; } return NULL; } void init_gettext(void) { setlocale(LC_ALL, ""); textdomain(GETTEXT_PACKAGE); } bool is_locale_utf8(void) { const char *set; static int cached_answer = -1; if (cached_answer >= 0) goto out; if (!setlocale(LC_ALL, "")) { cached_answer = true; goto out; } set = nl_langinfo(CODESET); if (!set) { cached_answer = true; goto out; } if (streq(set, "UTF-8")) { cached_answer = true; goto out; } /* For LC_CTYPE=="C" return true, because CTYPE is effectly * unset and everything can do to UTF-8 nowadays. */ set = setlocale(LC_CTYPE, NULL); if (!set) { cached_answer = true; goto out; } /* Check result, but ignore the result if C was set * explicitly. */ cached_answer = STR_IN_SET(set, "C", "POSIX") && !getenv("LC_ALL") && !getenv("LC_CTYPE") && !getenv("LANG"); out: return (bool) cached_answer; } const char *draw_special_char(DrawSpecialChar ch) { static const char *draw_table[2][_DRAW_SPECIAL_CHAR_MAX] = { /* UTF-8 */ { [DRAW_TREE_VERTICAL] = "\342\224\202 ", /* │ */ [DRAW_TREE_BRANCH] = "\342\224\234\342\224\200", /* ├─ */ [DRAW_TREE_RIGHT] = "\342\224\224\342\224\200", /* └─ */ [DRAW_TREE_SPACE] = " ", /* */ [DRAW_TRIANGULAR_BULLET] = "\342\200\243", /* ‣ */ [DRAW_BLACK_CIRCLE] = "\342\227\217", /* ● */ [DRAW_ARROW] = "\342\206\222", /* → */ [DRAW_DASH] = "\342\200\223", /* – */ }, /* ASCII fallback */ { [DRAW_TREE_VERTICAL] = "| ", [DRAW_TREE_BRANCH] = "|-", [DRAW_TREE_RIGHT] = "`-", [DRAW_TREE_SPACE] = " ", [DRAW_TRIANGULAR_BULLET] = ">", [DRAW_BLACK_CIRCLE] = "*", [DRAW_ARROW] = "->", [DRAW_DASH] = "-", } }; return draw_table[!is_locale_utf8()][ch]; } int on_ac_power(void) { bool found_offline = false, found_online = false; _cleanup_closedir_ DIR *d = NULL; d = opendir("/sys/class/power_supply"); if (!d) return errno == ENOENT ? true : -errno; for (;;) { struct dirent *de; _cleanup_close_ int fd = -1, device = -1; char contents[6]; ssize_t n; errno = 0; de = readdir(d); if (!de && errno != 0) return -errno; if (!de) break; if (hidden_file(de->d_name)) continue; device = openat(dirfd(d), de->d_name, O_DIRECTORY|O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC|O_NOCTTY); if (device < 0) { if (errno == ENOENT || errno == ENOTDIR) continue; return -errno; } fd = openat(device, "type", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC|O_NOCTTY); if (fd < 0) { if (errno == ENOENT) continue; return -errno; } n = read(fd, contents, sizeof(contents)); if (n < 0) return -errno; if (n != 6 || memcmp(contents, "Mains\n", 6)) continue; safe_close(fd); fd = openat(device, "online", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC|O_NOCTTY); if (fd < 0) { if (errno == ENOENT) continue; return -errno; } n = read(fd, contents, sizeof(contents)); if (n < 0) return -errno; if (n != 2 || contents[1] != '\n') return -EIO; if (contents[0] == '1') { found_online = true; break; } else if (contents[0] == '0') found_offline = true; else return -EIO; } return found_online || !found_offline; } void* greedy_realloc(void **p, size_t *allocated, size_t need, size_t size) { size_t a, newalloc; void *q; assert(p); assert(allocated); if (*allocated >= need) return *p; newalloc = MAX(need * 2, 64u / size); a = newalloc * size; /* check for overflows */ if (a < size * need) return NULL; q = realloc(*p, a); if (!q) return NULL; *p = q; *allocated = newalloc; return q; } void* greedy_realloc0(void **p, size_t *allocated, size_t need, size_t size) { size_t prev; uint8_t *q; assert(p); assert(allocated); prev = *allocated; q = greedy_realloc(p, allocated, need, size); if (!q) return NULL; if (*allocated > prev) memzero(q + prev * size, (*allocated - prev) * size); return q; } bool id128_is_valid(const char *s) { size_t i, l; l = strlen(s); if (l == 32) { /* Simple formatted 128bit hex string */ for (i = 0; i < l; i++) { char c = s[i]; if (!(c >= '0' && c <= '9') && !(c >= 'a' && c <= 'z') && !(c >= 'A' && c <= 'Z')) return false; } } else if (l == 36) { /* Formatted UUID */ for (i = 0; i < l; i++) { char c = s[i]; if ((i == 8 || i == 13 || i == 18 || i == 23)) { if (c != '-') return false; } else { if (!(c >= '0' && c <= '9') && !(c >= 'a' && c <= 'z') && !(c >= 'A' && c <= 'Z')) return false; } } } else return false; return true; } int shall_restore_state(void) { _cleanup_free_ char *value = NULL; int r; r = get_proc_cmdline_key("systemd.restore_state=", &value); if (r < 0) return r; if (r == 0) return true; return parse_boolean(value) != 0; } int proc_cmdline(char **ret) { assert(ret); if (detect_container() > 0) return get_process_cmdline(1, 0, false, ret); else return read_one_line_file("/proc/cmdline", ret); } int parse_proc_cmdline(int (*parse_item)(const char *key, const char *value)) { _cleanup_free_ char *line = NULL; const char *p; int r; assert(parse_item); r = proc_cmdline(&line); if (r < 0) return r; p = line; for (;;) { _cleanup_free_ char *word = NULL; char *value = NULL; r = extract_first_word(&p, &word, NULL, EXTRACT_QUOTES|EXTRACT_RELAX); if (r < 0) return r; if (r == 0) break; /* Filter out arguments that are intended only for the * initrd */ if (!in_initrd() && startswith(word, "rd.")) continue; value = strchr(word, '='); if (value) *(value++) = 0; r = parse_item(word, value); if (r < 0) return r; } return 0; } int get_proc_cmdline_key(const char *key, char **value) { _cleanup_free_ char *line = NULL, *ret = NULL; bool found = false; const char *p; int r; assert(key); r = proc_cmdline(&line); if (r < 0) return r; p = line; for (;;) { _cleanup_free_ char *word = NULL; const char *e; r = extract_first_word(&p, &word, NULL, EXTRACT_QUOTES|EXTRACT_RELAX); if (r < 0) return r; if (r == 0) break; /* Filter out arguments that are intended only for the * initrd */ if (!in_initrd() && startswith(word, "rd.")) continue; if (value) { e = startswith(word, key); if (!e) continue; r = free_and_strdup(&ret, e); if (r < 0) return r; found = true; } else { if (streq(word, key)) found = true; } } if (value) { *value = ret; ret = NULL; } return found; } int container_get_leader(const char *machine, pid_t *pid) { _cleanup_free_ char *s = NULL, *class = NULL; const char *p; pid_t leader; int r; assert(machine); assert(pid); if (!machine_name_is_valid(machine)) return -EINVAL; p = strjoina("/run/systemd/machines/", machine); r = parse_env_file(p, NEWLINE, "LEADER", &s, "CLASS", &class, NULL); if (r == -ENOENT) return -EHOSTDOWN; if (r < 0) return r; if (!s) return -EIO; if (!streq_ptr(class, "container")) return -EIO; r = parse_pid(s, &leader); if (r < 0) return r; if (leader <= 1) return -EIO; *pid = leader; return 0; } int namespace_open(pid_t pid, int *pidns_fd, int *mntns_fd, int *netns_fd, int *userns_fd, int *root_fd) { _cleanup_close_ int pidnsfd = -1, mntnsfd = -1, netnsfd = -1, usernsfd = -1; int rfd = -1; assert(pid >= 0); if (mntns_fd) { const char *mntns; mntns = procfs_file_alloca(pid, "ns/mnt"); mntnsfd = open(mntns, O_RDONLY|O_NOCTTY|O_CLOEXEC); if (mntnsfd < 0) return -errno; } if (pidns_fd) { const char *pidns; pidns = procfs_file_alloca(pid, "ns/pid"); pidnsfd = open(pidns, O_RDONLY|O_NOCTTY|O_CLOEXEC); if (pidnsfd < 0) return -errno; } if (netns_fd) { const char *netns; netns = procfs_file_alloca(pid, "ns/net"); netnsfd = open(netns, O_RDONLY|O_NOCTTY|O_CLOEXEC); if (netnsfd < 0) return -errno; } if (userns_fd) { const char *userns; userns = procfs_file_alloca(pid, "ns/user"); usernsfd = open(userns, O_RDONLY|O_NOCTTY|O_CLOEXEC); if (usernsfd < 0 && errno != ENOENT) return -errno; } if (root_fd) { const char *root; root = procfs_file_alloca(pid, "root"); rfd = open(root, O_RDONLY|O_NOCTTY|O_CLOEXEC|O_DIRECTORY); if (rfd < 0) return -errno; } if (pidns_fd) *pidns_fd = pidnsfd; if (mntns_fd) *mntns_fd = mntnsfd; if (netns_fd) *netns_fd = netnsfd; if (userns_fd) *userns_fd = usernsfd; if (root_fd) *root_fd = rfd; pidnsfd = mntnsfd = netnsfd = usernsfd = -1; return 0; } int namespace_enter(int pidns_fd, int mntns_fd, int netns_fd, int userns_fd, int root_fd) { if (userns_fd >= 0) { /* Can't setns to your own userns, since then you could * escalate from non-root to root in your own namespace, so * check if namespaces equal before attempting to enter. */ _cleanup_free_ char *userns_fd_path = NULL; int r; if (asprintf(&userns_fd_path, "/proc/self/fd/%d", userns_fd) < 0) return -ENOMEM; r = files_same(userns_fd_path, "/proc/self/ns/user"); if (r < 0) return r; if (r) userns_fd = -1; } if (pidns_fd >= 0) if (setns(pidns_fd, CLONE_NEWPID) < 0) return -errno; if (mntns_fd >= 0) if (setns(mntns_fd, CLONE_NEWNS) < 0) return -errno; if (netns_fd >= 0) if (setns(netns_fd, CLONE_NEWNET) < 0) return -errno; if (userns_fd >= 0) if (setns(userns_fd, CLONE_NEWUSER) < 0) return -errno; if (root_fd >= 0) { if (fchdir(root_fd) < 0) return -errno; if (chroot(".") < 0) return -errno; } return reset_uid_gid(); } int fd_warn_permissions(const char *path, int fd) { struct stat st; if (fstat(fd, &st) < 0) return -errno; if (st.st_mode & 0111) log_warning("Configuration file %s is marked executable. Please remove executable permission bits. Proceeding anyway.", path); if (st.st_mode & 0002) log_warning("Configuration file %s is marked world-writable. Please remove world writability permission bits. Proceeding anyway.", path); if (getpid() == 1 && (st.st_mode & 0044) != 0044) log_warning("Configuration file %s is marked world-inaccessible. This has no effect as configuration data is accessible via APIs without restrictions. Proceeding anyway.", path); return 0; } unsigned long personality_from_string(const char *p) { /* Parse a personality specifier. We introduce our own * identifiers that indicate specific ABIs, rather than just * hints regarding the register size, since we want to keep * things open for multiple locally supported ABIs for the * same register size. We try to reuse the ABI identifiers * used by libseccomp. */ #if defined(__x86_64__) if (streq(p, "x86")) return PER_LINUX32; if (streq(p, "x86-64")) return PER_LINUX; #elif defined(__i386__) if (streq(p, "x86")) return PER_LINUX; #elif defined(__s390x__) if (streq(p, "s390")) return PER_LINUX32; if (streq(p, "s390x")) return PER_LINUX; #elif defined(__s390__) if (streq(p, "s390")) return PER_LINUX; #endif return PERSONALITY_INVALID; } const char* personality_to_string(unsigned long p) { #if defined(__x86_64__) if (p == PER_LINUX32) return "x86"; if (p == PER_LINUX) return "x86-64"; #elif defined(__i386__) if (p == PER_LINUX) return "x86"; #elif defined(__s390x__) if (p == PER_LINUX) return "s390x"; if (p == PER_LINUX32) return "s390"; #elif defined(__s390__) if (p == PER_LINUX) return "s390"; #endif return NULL; } uint64_t physical_memory(void) { long mem; /* We return this as uint64_t in case we are running as 32bit * process on a 64bit kernel with huge amounts of memory */ mem = sysconf(_SC_PHYS_PAGES); assert(mem > 0); return (uint64_t) mem * (uint64_t) page_size(); } int update_reboot_param_file(const char *param) { int r = 0; if (param) { r = write_string_file(REBOOT_PARAM_FILE, param, WRITE_STRING_FILE_CREATE); if (r < 0) return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to write reboot param to "REBOOT_PARAM_FILE": %m"); } else (void) unlink(REBOOT_PARAM_FILE); return 0; } int is_symlink(const char *path) { struct stat info; if (lstat(path, &info) < 0) return -errno; return !!S_ISLNK(info.st_mode); } int is_dir(const char* path, bool follow) { struct stat st; int r; if (follow) r = stat(path, &st); else r = lstat(path, &st); if (r < 0) return -errno; return !!S_ISDIR(st.st_mode); } int is_device_node(const char *path) { struct stat info; if (lstat(path, &info) < 0) return -errno; return !!(S_ISBLK(info.st_mode) || S_ISCHR(info.st_mode)); } ssize_t fgetxattrat_fake(int dirfd, const char *filename, const char *attribute, void *value, size_t size, int flags) { char fn[strlen("/proc/self/fd/") + DECIMAL_STR_MAX(int) + 1]; _cleanup_close_ int fd = -1; ssize_t l; /* The kernel doesn't have a fgetxattrat() command, hence let's emulate one */ fd = openat(dirfd, filename, O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC|O_NOCTTY|O_PATH|(flags & AT_SYMLINK_NOFOLLOW ? O_NOFOLLOW : 0)); if (fd < 0) return -errno; xsprintf(fn, "/proc/self/fd/%i", fd); l = getxattr(fn, attribute, value, size); if (l < 0) return -errno; return l; } static int parse_crtime(le64_t le, usec_t *usec) { uint64_t u; assert(usec); u = le64toh(le); if (u == 0 || u == (uint64_t) -1) return -EIO; *usec = (usec_t) u; return 0; } int fd_getcrtime(int fd, usec_t *usec) { le64_t le; ssize_t n; assert(fd >= 0); assert(usec); /* Until Linux gets a real concept of birthtime/creation time, * let's fake one with xattrs */ n = fgetxattr(fd, "user.crtime_usec", &le, sizeof(le)); if (n < 0) return -errno; if (n != sizeof(le)) return -EIO; return parse_crtime(le, usec); } int fd_getcrtime_at(int dirfd, const char *name, usec_t *usec, int flags) { le64_t le; ssize_t n; n = fgetxattrat_fake(dirfd, name, "user.crtime_usec", &le, sizeof(le), flags); if (n < 0) return -errno; if (n != sizeof(le)) return -EIO; return parse_crtime(le, usec); } int path_getcrtime(const char *p, usec_t *usec) { le64_t le; ssize_t n; assert(p); assert(usec); n = getxattr(p, "user.crtime_usec", &le, sizeof(le)); if (n < 0) return -errno; if (n != sizeof(le)) return -EIO; return parse_crtime(le, usec); } int fd_setcrtime(int fd, usec_t usec) { le64_t le; assert(fd >= 0); if (usec <= 0) usec = now(CLOCK_REALTIME); le = htole64((uint64_t) usec); if (fsetxattr(fd, "user.crtime_usec", &le, sizeof(le), 0) < 0) return -errno; return 0; } int chattr_fd(int fd, unsigned value, unsigned mask) { unsigned old_attr, new_attr; struct stat st; assert(fd >= 0); if (fstat(fd, &st) < 0) return -errno; /* Explicitly check whether this is a regular file or * directory. If it is anything else (such as a device node or * fifo), then the ioctl will not hit the file systems but * possibly drivers, where the ioctl might have different * effects. Notably, DRM is using the same ioctl() number. */ if (!S_ISDIR(st.st_mode) && !S_ISREG(st.st_mode)) return -ENOTTY; if (mask == 0) return 0; if (ioctl(fd, FS_IOC_GETFLAGS, &old_attr) < 0) return -errno; new_attr = (old_attr & ~mask) | (value & mask); if (new_attr == old_attr) return 0; if (ioctl(fd, FS_IOC_SETFLAGS, &new_attr) < 0) return -errno; return 1; } int chattr_path(const char *p, unsigned value, unsigned mask) { _cleanup_close_ int fd = -1; assert(p); if (mask == 0) return 0; fd = open(p, O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC|O_NOCTTY|O_NOFOLLOW); if (fd < 0) return -errno; return chattr_fd(fd, value, mask); } int read_attr_fd(int fd, unsigned *ret) { struct stat st; assert(fd >= 0); if (fstat(fd, &st) < 0) return -errno; if (!S_ISDIR(st.st_mode) && !S_ISREG(st.st_mode)) return -ENOTTY; if (ioctl(fd, FS_IOC_GETFLAGS, ret) < 0) return -errno; return 0; } int read_attr_path(const char *p, unsigned *ret) { _cleanup_close_ int fd = -1; assert(p); assert(ret); fd = open(p, O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC|O_NOCTTY|O_NOFOLLOW); if (fd < 0) return -errno; return read_attr_fd(fd, ret); } int syslog_parse_priority(const char **p, int *priority, bool with_facility) { int a = 0, b = 0, c = 0; int k; assert(p); assert(*p); assert(priority); if ((*p)[0] != '<') return 0; if (!strchr(*p, '>')) return 0; if ((*p)[2] == '>') { c = undecchar((*p)[1]); k = 3; } else if ((*p)[3] == '>') { b = undecchar((*p)[1]); c = undecchar((*p)[2]); k = 4; } else if ((*p)[4] == '>') { a = undecchar((*p)[1]); b = undecchar((*p)[2]); c = undecchar((*p)[3]); k = 5; } else return 0; if (a < 0 || b < 0 || c < 0 || (!with_facility && (a || b || c > 7))) return 0; if (with_facility) *priority = a*100 + b*10 + c; else *priority = (*priority & LOG_FACMASK) | c; *p += k; return 1; } ssize_t string_table_lookup(const char * const *table, size_t len, const char *key) { size_t i; if (!key) return -1; for (i = 0; i < len; ++i) if (streq_ptr(table[i], key)) return (ssize_t) i; return -1; } int rename_noreplace(int olddirfd, const char *oldpath, int newdirfd, const char *newpath) { struct stat buf; int ret; ret = renameat2(olddirfd, oldpath, newdirfd, newpath, RENAME_NOREPLACE); if (ret >= 0) return 0; /* renameat2() exists since Linux 3.15, btrfs added support for it later. * If it is not implemented, fallback to another method. */ if (!IN_SET(errno, EINVAL, ENOSYS)) return -errno; /* The link()/unlink() fallback does not work on directories. But * renameat() without RENAME_NOREPLACE gives the same semantics on * directories, except when newpath is an *empty* directory. This is * good enough. */ ret = fstatat(olddirfd, oldpath, &buf, AT_SYMLINK_NOFOLLOW); if (ret >= 0 && S_ISDIR(buf.st_mode)) { ret = renameat(olddirfd, oldpath, newdirfd, newpath); return ret >= 0 ? 0 : -errno; } /* If it is not a directory, use the link()/unlink() fallback. */ ret = linkat(olddirfd, oldpath, newdirfd, newpath, 0); if (ret < 0) return -errno; ret = unlinkat(olddirfd, oldpath, 0); if (ret < 0) { /* backup errno before the following unlinkat() alters it */ ret = errno; (void) unlinkat(newdirfd, newpath, 0); errno = ret; return -errno; } return 0; } int getxattr_malloc(const char *path, const char *name, char **value, bool allow_symlink) { char *v; size_t l; ssize_t n; assert(path); assert(name); assert(value); for (l = 100; ; l = (size_t) n + 1) { v = new0(char, l); if (!v) return -ENOMEM; if (allow_symlink) n = lgetxattr(path, name, v, l); else n = getxattr(path, name, v, l); if (n >= 0 && (size_t) n < l) { *value = v; return n; } free(v); if (n < 0 && errno != ERANGE) return -errno; if (allow_symlink) n = lgetxattr(path, name, NULL, 0); else n = getxattr(path, name, NULL, 0); if (n < 0) return -errno; } } int fgetxattr_malloc(int fd, const char *name, char **value) { char *v; size_t l; ssize_t n; assert(fd >= 0); assert(name); assert(value); for (l = 100; ; l = (size_t) n + 1) { v = new0(char, l); if (!v) return -ENOMEM; n = fgetxattr(fd, name, v, l); if (n >= 0 && (size_t) n < l) { *value = v; return n; } free(v); if (n < 0 && errno != ERANGE) return -errno; n = fgetxattr(fd, name, NULL, 0); if (n < 0) return -errno; } } int version(void) { puts(PACKAGE_STRING "\n" SYSTEMD_FEATURES); return 0; } bool fdname_is_valid(const char *s) { const char *p; /* Validates a name for $LISTEN_FDNAMES. We basically allow * everything ASCII that's not a control character. Also, as * special exception the ":" character is not allowed, as we * use that as field separator in $LISTEN_FDNAMES. * * Note that the empty string is explicitly allowed * here. However, we limit the length of the names to 255 * characters. */ if (!s) return false; for (p = s; *p; p++) { if (*p < ' ') return false; if (*p >= 127) return false; if (*p == ':') return false; } return p - s < 256; } bool oom_score_adjust_is_valid(int oa) { return oa >= OOM_SCORE_ADJ_MIN && oa <= OOM_SCORE_ADJ_MAX; }