/***
This file is part of systemd.
Copyright 2011 Lennart Poettering
systemd is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as published by
the Free Software Foundation; either version 2.1 of the License, or
(at your option) any later version.
systemd is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but
WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU
Lesser General Public License for more details.
You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public License
along with systemd; If not, see .
***/
#include
#include
#include
#include
#include
#include
#include
#include
#include
#include
#include
#include
#include
#include
#include
#include "sd-bus.h"
#include "sd-journal.h"
#include "acl-util.h"
#include "alloc-util.h"
#include "bus-error.h"
#include "bus-util.h"
#include "catalog.h"
#include "chattr-util.h"
#include "fd-util.h"
#include "fileio.h"
#include "fs-util.h"
#include "fsprg.h"
#include "glob-util.h"
#include "hostname-util.h"
#include "io-util.h"
#include "journal-def.h"
#include "journal-internal.h"
#include "journal-qrcode.h"
#include "journal-vacuum.h"
#include "journal-verify.h"
#include "locale-util.h"
#include "log.h"
#include "logs-show.h"
#include "mkdir.h"
#include "pager.h"
#include "parse-util.h"
#include "path-util.h"
#include "rlimit-util.h"
#include "set.h"
#include "sigbus.h"
#include "strv.h"
#include "syslog-util.h"
#include "terminal-util.h"
#include "udev.h"
#include "udev-util.h"
#include "unit-name.h"
#include "user-util.h"
#define DEFAULT_FSS_INTERVAL_USEC (15*USEC_PER_MINUTE)
enum {
/* Special values for arg_lines */
ARG_LINES_DEFAULT = -2,
ARG_LINES_ALL = -1,
};
static OutputMode arg_output = OUTPUT_SHORT;
static bool arg_utc = false;
static bool arg_pager_end = false;
static bool arg_follow = false;
static bool arg_full = true;
static bool arg_all = false;
static bool arg_no_pager = false;
static int arg_lines = ARG_LINES_DEFAULT;
static bool arg_no_tail = false;
static bool arg_quiet = false;
static bool arg_merge = false;
static bool arg_boot = false;
static sd_id128_t arg_boot_id = {};
static int arg_boot_offset = 0;
static bool arg_dmesg = false;
static bool arg_no_hostname = false;
static const char *arg_cursor = NULL;
static const char *arg_after_cursor = NULL;
static bool arg_show_cursor = false;
static const char *arg_directory = NULL;
static char **arg_file = NULL;
static bool arg_file_stdin = false;
static int arg_priorities = 0xFF;
static char *arg_verify_key = NULL;
#ifdef HAVE_GCRYPT
static usec_t arg_interval = DEFAULT_FSS_INTERVAL_USEC;
static bool arg_force = false;
#endif
static usec_t arg_since, arg_until;
static bool arg_since_set = false, arg_until_set = false;
static char **arg_syslog_identifier = NULL;
static char **arg_system_units = NULL;
static char **arg_user_units = NULL;
static const char *arg_field = NULL;
static bool arg_catalog = false;
static bool arg_reverse = false;
static int arg_journal_type = 0;
static char *arg_root = NULL;
static const char *arg_machine = NULL;
static uint64_t arg_vacuum_size = 0;
static uint64_t arg_vacuum_n_files = 0;
static usec_t arg_vacuum_time = 0;
static enum {
ACTION_SHOW,
ACTION_NEW_ID128,
ACTION_PRINT_HEADER,
ACTION_SETUP_KEYS,
ACTION_VERIFY,
ACTION_DISK_USAGE,
ACTION_LIST_CATALOG,
ACTION_DUMP_CATALOG,
ACTION_UPDATE_CATALOG,
ACTION_LIST_BOOTS,
ACTION_FLUSH,
ACTION_SYNC,
ACTION_ROTATE,
ACTION_VACUUM,
ACTION_LIST_FIELDS,
ACTION_LIST_FIELD_NAMES,
} arg_action = ACTION_SHOW;
typedef struct BootId {
sd_id128_t id;
uint64_t first;
uint64_t last;
LIST_FIELDS(struct BootId, boot_list);
} BootId;
static int add_matches_for_device(sd_journal *j, const char *devpath) {
int r;
_cleanup_udev_unref_ struct udev *udev = NULL;
_cleanup_udev_device_unref_ struct udev_device *device = NULL;
struct udev_device *d = NULL;
struct stat st;
assert(j);
assert(devpath);
if (!path_startswith(devpath, "/dev/")) {
log_error("Devpath does not start with /dev/");
return -EINVAL;
}
udev = udev_new();
if (!udev)
return log_oom();
r = stat(devpath, &st);
if (r < 0)
log_error_errno(errno, "Couldn't stat file: %m");
d = device = udev_device_new_from_devnum(udev, S_ISBLK(st.st_mode) ? 'b' : 'c', st.st_rdev);
if (!device)
return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to get udev device from devnum %u:%u: %m", major(st.st_rdev), minor(st.st_rdev));
while (d) {
_cleanup_free_ char *match = NULL;
const char *subsys, *sysname, *devnode;
subsys = udev_device_get_subsystem(d);
if (!subsys) {
d = udev_device_get_parent(d);
continue;
}
sysname = udev_device_get_sysname(d);
if (!sysname) {
d = udev_device_get_parent(d);
continue;
}
match = strjoin("_KERNEL_DEVICE=+", subsys, ":", sysname);
if (!match)
return log_oom();
r = sd_journal_add_match(j, match, 0);
if (r < 0)
return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to add match: %m");
devnode = udev_device_get_devnode(d);
if (devnode) {
_cleanup_free_ char *match1 = NULL;
r = stat(devnode, &st);
if (r < 0)
return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to stat() device node \"%s\": %m", devnode);
r = asprintf(&match1, "_KERNEL_DEVICE=%c%u:%u", S_ISBLK(st.st_mode) ? 'b' : 'c', major(st.st_rdev), minor(st.st_rdev));
if (r < 0)
return log_oom();
r = sd_journal_add_match(j, match1, 0);
if (r < 0)
return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to add match: %m");
}
d = udev_device_get_parent(d);
}
r = add_match_this_boot(j, arg_machine);
if (r < 0)
return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to add match for the current boot: %m");
return 0;
}
static char *format_timestamp_maybe_utc(char *buf, size_t l, usec_t t) {
if (arg_utc)
return format_timestamp_utc(buf, l, t);
return format_timestamp(buf, l, t);
}
static int parse_boot_descriptor(const char *x, sd_id128_t *boot_id, int *offset) {
sd_id128_t id = SD_ID128_NULL;
int off = 0, r;
if (strlen(x) >= 32) {
char *t;
t = strndupa(x, 32);
r = sd_id128_from_string(t, &id);
if (r >= 0)
x += 32;
if (*x != '-' && *x != '+' && *x != 0)
return -EINVAL;
if (*x != 0) {
r = safe_atoi(x, &off);
if (r < 0)
return r;
}
} else {
r = safe_atoi(x, &off);
if (r < 0)
return r;
}
if (boot_id)
*boot_id = id;
if (offset)
*offset = off;
return 0;
}
static void help(void) {
pager_open(arg_no_pager, arg_pager_end);
printf("%s [OPTIONS...] [MATCHES...]\n\n"
"Query the journal.\n\n"
"Options:\n"
" --system Show the system journal\n"
" --user Show the user journal for the current user\n"
" -M --machine=CONTAINER Operate on local container\n"
" -S --since=DATE Show entries not older than the specified date\n"
" -U --until=DATE Show entries not newer than the specified date\n"
" -c --cursor=CURSOR Show entries starting at the specified cursor\n"
" --after-cursor=CURSOR Show entries after the specified cursor\n"
" --show-cursor Print the cursor after all the entries\n"
" -b --boot[=ID] Show current boot or the specified boot\n"
" --list-boots Show terse information about recorded boots\n"
" -k --dmesg Show kernel message log from the current boot\n"
" -u --unit=UNIT Show logs from the specified unit\n"
" --user-unit=UNIT Show logs from the specified user unit\n"
" -t --identifier=STRING Show entries with the specified syslog identifier\n"
" -p --priority=RANGE Show entries with the specified priority\n"
" -e --pager-end Immediately jump to the end in the pager\n"
" -f --follow Follow the journal\n"
" -n --lines[=INTEGER] Number of journal entries to show\n"
" --no-tail Show all lines, even in follow mode\n"
" -r --reverse Show the newest entries first\n"
" -o --output=STRING Change journal output mode (short, short-precise,\n"
" short-iso, short-full, short-monotonic, short-unix,\n"
" verbose, export, json, json-pretty, json-sse, cat)\n"
" --utc Express time in Coordinated Universal Time (UTC)\n"
" -x --catalog Add message explanations where available\n"
" --no-full Ellipsize fields\n"
" -a --all Show all fields, including long and unprintable\n"
" -q --quiet Do not show info messages and privilege warning\n"
" --no-pager Do not pipe output into a pager\n"
" --no-hostname Suppress output of hostname field\n"
" -m --merge Show entries from all available journals\n"
" -D --directory=PATH Show journal files from directory\n"
" --file=PATH Show journal file\n"
" --root=ROOT Operate on files below a root directory\n"
#ifdef HAVE_GCRYPT
" --interval=TIME Time interval for changing the FSS sealing key\n"
" --verify-key=KEY Specify FSS verification key\n"
" --force Override of the FSS key pair with --setup-keys\n"
#endif
"\nCommands:\n"
" -h --help Show this help text\n"
" --version Show package version\n"
" -N --fields List all field names currently used\n"
" -F --field=FIELD List all values that a specified field takes\n"
" --disk-usage Show total disk usage of all journal files\n"
" --vacuum-size=BYTES Reduce disk usage below specified size\n"
" --vacuum-files=INT Leave only the specified number of journal files\n"
" --vacuum-time=TIME Remove journal files older than specified time\n"
" --verify Verify journal file consistency\n"
" --sync Synchronize unwritten journal messages to disk\n"
" --flush Flush all journal data from /run into /var\n"
" --rotate Request immediate rotation of the journal files\n"
" --header Show journal header information\n"
" --list-catalog Show all message IDs in the catalog\n"
" --dump-catalog Show entries in the message catalog\n"
" --update-catalog Update the message catalog database\n"
" --new-id128 Generate a new 128-bit ID\n"
#ifdef HAVE_GCRYPT
" --setup-keys Generate a new FSS key pair\n"
#endif
, program_invocation_short_name);
}
static int parse_argv(int argc, char *argv[]) {
enum {
ARG_VERSION = 0x100,
ARG_NO_PAGER,
ARG_NO_FULL,
ARG_NO_TAIL,
ARG_NEW_ID128,
ARG_THIS_BOOT,
ARG_LIST_BOOTS,
ARG_USER,
ARG_SYSTEM,
ARG_ROOT,
ARG_HEADER,
ARG_SETUP_KEYS,
ARG_FILE,
ARG_INTERVAL,
ARG_VERIFY,
ARG_VERIFY_KEY,
ARG_DISK_USAGE,
ARG_AFTER_CURSOR,
ARG_SHOW_CURSOR,
ARG_USER_UNIT,
ARG_LIST_CATALOG,
ARG_DUMP_CATALOG,
ARG_UPDATE_CATALOG,
ARG_FORCE,
ARG_UTC,
ARG_SYNC,
ARG_FLUSH,
ARG_ROTATE,
ARG_VACUUM_SIZE,
ARG_VACUUM_FILES,
ARG_VACUUM_TIME,
ARG_NO_HOSTNAME,
};
static const struct option options[] = {
{ "help", no_argument, NULL, 'h' },
{ "version" , no_argument, NULL, ARG_VERSION },
{ "no-pager", no_argument, NULL, ARG_NO_PAGER },
{ "pager-end", no_argument, NULL, 'e' },
{ "follow", no_argument, NULL, 'f' },
{ "force", no_argument, NULL, ARG_FORCE },
{ "output", required_argument, NULL, 'o' },
{ "all", no_argument, NULL, 'a' },
{ "full", no_argument, NULL, 'l' },
{ "no-full", no_argument, NULL, ARG_NO_FULL },
{ "lines", optional_argument, NULL, 'n' },
{ "no-tail", no_argument, NULL, ARG_NO_TAIL },
{ "new-id128", no_argument, NULL, ARG_NEW_ID128 },
{ "quiet", no_argument, NULL, 'q' },
{ "merge", no_argument, NULL, 'm' },
{ "this-boot", no_argument, NULL, ARG_THIS_BOOT }, /* deprecated */
{ "boot", optional_argument, NULL, 'b' },
{ "list-boots", no_argument, NULL, ARG_LIST_BOOTS },
{ "dmesg", no_argument, NULL, 'k' },
{ "system", no_argument, NULL, ARG_SYSTEM },
{ "user", no_argument, NULL, ARG_USER },
{ "directory", required_argument, NULL, 'D' },
{ "file", required_argument, NULL, ARG_FILE },
{ "root", required_argument, NULL, ARG_ROOT },
{ "header", no_argument, NULL, ARG_HEADER },
{ "identifier", required_argument, NULL, 't' },
{ "priority", required_argument, NULL, 'p' },
{ "setup-keys", no_argument, NULL, ARG_SETUP_KEYS },
{ "interval", required_argument, NULL, ARG_INTERVAL },
{ "verify", no_argument, NULL, ARG_VERIFY },
{ "verify-key", required_argument, NULL, ARG_VERIFY_KEY },
{ "disk-usage", no_argument, NULL, ARG_DISK_USAGE },
{ "cursor", required_argument, NULL, 'c' },
{ "after-cursor", required_argument, NULL, ARG_AFTER_CURSOR },
{ "show-cursor", no_argument, NULL, ARG_SHOW_CURSOR },
{ "since", required_argument, NULL, 'S' },
{ "until", required_argument, NULL, 'U' },
{ "unit", required_argument, NULL, 'u' },
{ "user-unit", required_argument, NULL, ARG_USER_UNIT },
{ "field", required_argument, NULL, 'F' },
{ "fields", no_argument, NULL, 'N' },
{ "catalog", no_argument, NULL, 'x' },
{ "list-catalog", no_argument, NULL, ARG_LIST_CATALOG },
{ "dump-catalog", no_argument, NULL, ARG_DUMP_CATALOG },
{ "update-catalog", no_argument, NULL, ARG_UPDATE_CATALOG },
{ "reverse", no_argument, NULL, 'r' },
{ "machine", required_argument, NULL, 'M' },
{ "utc", no_argument, NULL, ARG_UTC },
{ "flush", no_argument, NULL, ARG_FLUSH },
{ "sync", no_argument, NULL, ARG_SYNC },
{ "rotate", no_argument, NULL, ARG_ROTATE },
{ "vacuum-size", required_argument, NULL, ARG_VACUUM_SIZE },
{ "vacuum-files", required_argument, NULL, ARG_VACUUM_FILES },
{ "vacuum-time", required_argument, NULL, ARG_VACUUM_TIME },
{ "no-hostname", no_argument, NULL, ARG_NO_HOSTNAME },
{}
};
int c, r;
assert(argc >= 0);
assert(argv);
while ((c = getopt_long(argc, argv, "hefo:aln::qmb::kD:p:c:S:U:t:u:NF:xrM:", options, NULL)) >= 0)
switch (c) {
case 'h':
help();
return 0;
case ARG_VERSION:
return version();
case ARG_NO_PAGER:
arg_no_pager = true;
break;
case 'e':
arg_pager_end = true;
if (arg_lines == ARG_LINES_DEFAULT)
arg_lines = 1000;
break;
case 'f':
arg_follow = true;
break;
case 'o':
arg_output = output_mode_from_string(optarg);
if (arg_output < 0) {
log_error("Unknown output format '%s'.", optarg);
return -EINVAL;
}
if (arg_output == OUTPUT_EXPORT ||
arg_output == OUTPUT_JSON ||
arg_output == OUTPUT_JSON_PRETTY ||
arg_output == OUTPUT_JSON_SSE ||
arg_output == OUTPUT_CAT)
arg_quiet = true;
break;
case 'l':
arg_full = true;
break;
case ARG_NO_FULL:
arg_full = false;
break;
case 'a':
arg_all = true;
break;
case 'n':
if (optarg) {
if (streq(optarg, "all"))
arg_lines = ARG_LINES_ALL;
else {
r = safe_atoi(optarg, &arg_lines);
if (r < 0 || arg_lines < 0) {
log_error("Failed to parse lines '%s'", optarg);
return -EINVAL;
}
}
} else {
arg_lines = 10;
/* Hmm, no argument? Maybe the next
* word on the command line is
* supposed to be the argument? Let's
* see if there is one, and is
* parsable. */
if (optind < argc) {
int n;
if (streq(argv[optind], "all")) {
arg_lines = ARG_LINES_ALL;
optind++;
} else if (safe_atoi(argv[optind], &n) >= 0 && n >= 0) {
arg_lines = n;
optind++;
}
}
}
break;
case ARG_NO_TAIL:
arg_no_tail = true;
break;
case ARG_NEW_ID128:
arg_action = ACTION_NEW_ID128;
break;
case 'q':
arg_quiet = true;
break;
case 'm':
arg_merge = true;
break;
case ARG_THIS_BOOT:
arg_boot = true;
break;
case 'b':
arg_boot = true;
if (optarg) {
r = parse_boot_descriptor(optarg, &arg_boot_id, &arg_boot_offset);
if (r < 0) {
log_error("Failed to parse boot descriptor '%s'", optarg);
return -EINVAL;
}
} else {
/* Hmm, no argument? Maybe the next
* word on the command line is
* supposed to be the argument? Let's
* see if there is one and is parsable
* as a boot descriptor... */
if (optind < argc &&
parse_boot_descriptor(argv[optind], &arg_boot_id, &arg_boot_offset) >= 0)
optind++;
}
break;
case ARG_LIST_BOOTS:
arg_action = ACTION_LIST_BOOTS;
break;
case 'k':
arg_boot = arg_dmesg = true;
break;
case ARG_SYSTEM:
arg_journal_type |= SD_JOURNAL_SYSTEM;
break;
case ARG_USER:
arg_journal_type |= SD_JOURNAL_CURRENT_USER;
break;
case 'M':
arg_machine = optarg;
break;
case 'D':
arg_directory = optarg;
break;
case ARG_FILE:
if (streq(optarg, "-"))
/* An undocumented feature: we can read journal files from STDIN. We don't document
* this though, since after all we only support this for mmap-able, seekable files, and
* not for example pipes which are probably the primary usecase for reading things from
* STDIN. To avoid confusion we hence don't document this feature. */
arg_file_stdin = true;
else {
r = glob_extend(&arg_file, optarg);
if (r < 0)
return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to add paths: %m");
}
break;
case ARG_ROOT:
r = parse_path_argument_and_warn(optarg, true, &arg_root);
if (r < 0)
return r;
break;
case 'c':
arg_cursor = optarg;
break;
case ARG_AFTER_CURSOR:
arg_after_cursor = optarg;
break;
case ARG_SHOW_CURSOR:
arg_show_cursor = true;
break;
case ARG_HEADER:
arg_action = ACTION_PRINT_HEADER;
break;
case ARG_VERIFY:
arg_action = ACTION_VERIFY;
break;
case ARG_DISK_USAGE:
arg_action = ACTION_DISK_USAGE;
break;
case ARG_VACUUM_SIZE:
r = parse_size(optarg, 1024, &arg_vacuum_size);
if (r < 0) {
log_error("Failed to parse vacuum size: %s", optarg);
return r;
}
arg_action = ACTION_VACUUM;
break;
case ARG_VACUUM_FILES:
r = safe_atou64(optarg, &arg_vacuum_n_files);
if (r < 0) {
log_error("Failed to parse vacuum files: %s", optarg);
return r;
}
arg_action = ACTION_VACUUM;
break;
case ARG_VACUUM_TIME:
r = parse_sec(optarg, &arg_vacuum_time);
if (r < 0) {
log_error("Failed to parse vacuum time: %s", optarg);
return r;
}
arg_action = ACTION_VACUUM;
break;
#ifdef HAVE_GCRYPT
case ARG_FORCE:
arg_force = true;
break;
case ARG_SETUP_KEYS:
arg_action = ACTION_SETUP_KEYS;
break;
case ARG_VERIFY_KEY:
arg_action = ACTION_VERIFY;
arg_verify_key = strdup(optarg);
if (!arg_verify_key)
return -ENOMEM;
arg_merge = false;
string_erase(optarg);
break;
case ARG_INTERVAL:
r = parse_sec(optarg, &arg_interval);
if (r < 0 || arg_interval <= 0) {
log_error("Failed to parse sealing key change interval: %s", optarg);
return -EINVAL;
}
break;
#else
case ARG_SETUP_KEYS:
case ARG_VERIFY_KEY:
case ARG_INTERVAL:
case ARG_FORCE:
log_error("Forward-secure sealing not available.");
return -EOPNOTSUPP;
#endif
case 'p': {
const char *dots;
dots = strstr(optarg, "..");
if (dots) {
char *a;
int from, to, i;
/* a range */
a = strndup(optarg, dots - optarg);
if (!a)
return log_oom();
from = log_level_from_string(a);
to = log_level_from_string(dots + 2);
free(a);
if (from < 0 || to < 0) {
log_error("Failed to parse log level range %s", optarg);
return -EINVAL;
}
arg_priorities = 0;
if (from < to) {
for (i = from; i <= to; i++)
arg_priorities |= 1 << i;
} else {
for (i = to; i <= from; i++)
arg_priorities |= 1 << i;
}
} else {
int p, i;
p = log_level_from_string(optarg);
if (p < 0) {
log_error("Unknown log level %s", optarg);
return -EINVAL;
}
arg_priorities = 0;
for (i = 0; i <= p; i++)
arg_priorities |= 1 << i;
}
break;
}
case 'S':
r = parse_timestamp(optarg, &arg_since);
if (r < 0) {
log_error("Failed to parse timestamp: %s", optarg);
return -EINVAL;
}
arg_since_set = true;
break;
case 'U':
r = parse_timestamp(optarg, &arg_until);
if (r < 0) {
log_error("Failed to parse timestamp: %s", optarg);
return -EINVAL;
}
arg_until_set = true;
break;
case 't':
r = strv_extend(&arg_syslog_identifier, optarg);
if (r < 0)
return log_oom();
break;
case 'u':
r = strv_extend(&arg_system_units, optarg);
if (r < 0)
return log_oom();
break;
case ARG_USER_UNIT:
r = strv_extend(&arg_user_units, optarg);
if (r < 0)
return log_oom();
break;
case 'F':
arg_action = ACTION_LIST_FIELDS;
arg_field = optarg;
break;
case 'N':
arg_action = ACTION_LIST_FIELD_NAMES;
break;
case ARG_NO_HOSTNAME:
arg_no_hostname = true;
break;
case 'x':
arg_catalog = true;
break;
case ARG_LIST_CATALOG:
arg_action = ACTION_LIST_CATALOG;
break;
case ARG_DUMP_CATALOG:
arg_action = ACTION_DUMP_CATALOG;
break;
case ARG_UPDATE_CATALOG:
arg_action = ACTION_UPDATE_CATALOG;
break;
case 'r':
arg_reverse = true;
break;
case ARG_UTC:
arg_utc = true;
break;
case ARG_FLUSH:
arg_action = ACTION_FLUSH;
break;
case ARG_ROTATE:
arg_action = ACTION_ROTATE;
break;
case ARG_SYNC:
arg_action = ACTION_SYNC;
break;
case '?':
return -EINVAL;
default:
assert_not_reached("Unhandled option");
}
if (arg_follow && !arg_no_tail && !arg_since && arg_lines == ARG_LINES_DEFAULT)
arg_lines = 10;
if (!!arg_directory + !!arg_file + !!arg_machine + !!arg_root > 1) {
log_error("Please specify at most one of -D/--directory=, --file=, -M/--machine=, --root.");
return -EINVAL;
}
if (arg_since_set && arg_until_set && arg_since > arg_until) {
log_error("--since= must be before --until=.");
return -EINVAL;
}
if (!!arg_cursor + !!arg_after_cursor + !!arg_since_set > 1) {
log_error("Please specify only one of --since=, --cursor=, and --after-cursor.");
return -EINVAL;
}
if (arg_follow && arg_reverse) {
log_error("Please specify either --reverse= or --follow=, not both.");
return -EINVAL;
}
if (!IN_SET(arg_action, ACTION_SHOW, ACTION_DUMP_CATALOG, ACTION_LIST_CATALOG) && optind < argc) {
log_error("Extraneous arguments starting with '%s'", argv[optind]);
return -EINVAL;
}
if ((arg_boot || arg_action == ACTION_LIST_BOOTS) && arg_merge) {
log_error("Using --boot or --list-boots with --merge is not supported.");
return -EINVAL;
}
if (!strv_isempty(arg_system_units) && (arg_journal_type == SD_JOURNAL_CURRENT_USER)) {
/* Specifying --user and --unit= at the same time makes no sense (as the former excludes the user
* journal, but the latter excludes the system journal, thus resulting in empty output). Let's be nice
* to users, and automatically turn --unit= into --user-unit= if combined with --user. */
r = strv_extend_strv(&arg_user_units, arg_system_units, true);
if (r < 0)
return -ENOMEM;
arg_system_units = strv_free(arg_system_units);
}
return 1;
}
static int generate_new_id128(void) {
sd_id128_t id;
int r;
unsigned i;
r = sd_id128_randomize(&id);
if (r < 0)
return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to generate ID: %m");
printf("As string:\n"
SD_ID128_FORMAT_STR "\n\n"
"As UUID:\n"
"%02x%02x%02x%02x-%02x%02x-%02x%02x-%02x%02x-%02x%02x%02x%02x%02x%02x\n\n"
"As macro:\n"
"#define MESSAGE_XYZ SD_ID128_MAKE(",
SD_ID128_FORMAT_VAL(id),
SD_ID128_FORMAT_VAL(id));
for (i = 0; i < 16; i++)
printf("%02x%s", id.bytes[i], i != 15 ? "," : "");
fputs(")\n\n", stdout);
printf("As Python constant:\n"
">>> import uuid\n"
">>> MESSAGE_XYZ = uuid.UUID('" SD_ID128_FORMAT_STR "')\n",
SD_ID128_FORMAT_VAL(id));
return 0;
}
static int add_matches(sd_journal *j, char **args) {
char **i;
bool have_term = false;
assert(j);
STRV_FOREACH(i, args) {
int r;
if (streq(*i, "+")) {
if (!have_term)
break;
r = sd_journal_add_disjunction(j);
have_term = false;
} else if (path_is_absolute(*i)) {
_cleanup_free_ char *p = NULL, *t = NULL, *t2 = NULL, *interpreter = NULL;
struct stat st;
r = chase_symlinks(*i, NULL, 0, &p);
if (r < 0)
return log_error_errno(r, "Couldn't canonicalize path: %m");
if (lstat(p, &st) < 0)
return log_error_errno(errno, "Couldn't stat file: %m");
if (S_ISREG(st.st_mode) && (0111 & st.st_mode)) {
if (executable_is_script(p, &interpreter) > 0) {
_cleanup_free_ char *comm;
comm = strndup(basename(p), 15);
if (!comm)
return log_oom();
t = strappend("_COMM=", comm);
if (!t)
return log_oom();
/* Append _EXE only if the interpreter is not a link.
Otherwise, it might be outdated often. */
if (lstat(interpreter, &st) == 0 && !S_ISLNK(st.st_mode)) {
t2 = strappend("_EXE=", interpreter);
if (!t2)
return log_oom();
}
} else {
t = strappend("_EXE=", p);
if (!t)
return log_oom();
}
r = sd_journal_add_match(j, t, 0);
if (r >=0 && t2)
r = sd_journal_add_match(j, t2, 0);
} else if (S_ISCHR(st.st_mode) || S_ISBLK(st.st_mode)) {
r = add_matches_for_device(j, p);
if (r < 0)
return r;
} else {
log_error("File is neither a device node, nor regular file, nor executable: %s", *i);
return -EINVAL;
}
have_term = true;
} else {
r = sd_journal_add_match(j, *i, 0);
have_term = true;
}
if (r < 0)
return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to add match '%s': %m", *i);
}
if (!strv_isempty(args) && !have_term) {
log_error("\"+\" can only be used between terms");
return -EINVAL;
}
return 0;
}
static void boot_id_free_all(BootId *l) {
while (l) {
BootId *i = l;
LIST_REMOVE(boot_list, l, i);
free(i);
}
}
static int discover_next_boot(sd_journal *j,
sd_id128_t previous_boot_id,
bool advance_older,
BootId **ret) {
_cleanup_free_ BootId *next_boot = NULL;
char match[9+32+1] = "_BOOT_ID=";
sd_id128_t boot_id;
int r;
assert(j);
assert(ret);
/* We expect the journal to be on the last position of a boot
* (in relation to the direction we are going), so that the next
* invocation of sd_journal_next/previous will be from a different
* boot. We then collect any information we desire and then jump
* to the last location of the new boot by using a _BOOT_ID match
* coming from the other journal direction. */
/* Make sure we aren't restricted by any _BOOT_ID matches, so that
* we can actually advance to a *different* boot. */
sd_journal_flush_matches(j);
do {
if (advance_older)
r = sd_journal_previous(j);
else
r = sd_journal_next(j);
if (r < 0)
return r;
else if (r == 0)
return 0; /* End of journal, yay. */
r = sd_journal_get_monotonic_usec(j, NULL, &boot_id);
if (r < 0)
return r;
/* We iterate through this in a loop, until the boot ID differs from the previous one. Note that
* normally, this will only require a single iteration, as we seeked to the last entry of the previous
* boot entry already. However, it might happen that the per-journal-field entry arrays are less
* complete than the main entry array, and hence might reference an entry that's not actually the last
* one of the boot ID as last one. Let's hence use the per-field array is initial seek position to
* speed things up, but let's not trust that it is complete, and hence, manually advance as
* necessary. */
} while (sd_id128_equal(boot_id, previous_boot_id));
next_boot = new0(BootId, 1);
if (!next_boot)
return -ENOMEM;
next_boot->id = boot_id;
r = sd_journal_get_realtime_usec(j, &next_boot->first);
if (r < 0)
return r;
/* Now seek to the last occurrence of this boot ID. */
sd_id128_to_string(next_boot->id, match + 9);
r = sd_journal_add_match(j, match, sizeof(match) - 1);
if (r < 0)
return r;
if (advance_older)
r = sd_journal_seek_head(j);
else
r = sd_journal_seek_tail(j);
if (r < 0)
return r;
if (advance_older)
r = sd_journal_next(j);
else
r = sd_journal_previous(j);
if (r < 0)
return r;
else if (r == 0) {
log_debug("Whoopsie! We found a boot ID but can't read its last entry.");
return -ENODATA; /* This shouldn't happen. We just came from this very boot ID. */
}
r = sd_journal_get_realtime_usec(j, &next_boot->last);
if (r < 0)
return r;
*ret = next_boot;
next_boot = NULL;
return 0;
}
static int get_boots(
sd_journal *j,
BootId **boots,
sd_id128_t *boot_id,
int offset) {
bool skip_once;
int r, count = 0;
BootId *head = NULL, *tail = NULL, *id;
const bool advance_older = boot_id && offset <= 0;
sd_id128_t previous_boot_id;
assert(j);
/* Adjust for the asymmetry that offset 0 is
* the last (and current) boot, while 1 is considered the
* (chronological) first boot in the journal. */
skip_once = boot_id && sd_id128_is_null(*boot_id) && offset <= 0;
/* Advance to the earliest/latest occurrence of our reference
* boot ID (taking our lookup direction into account), so that
* discover_next_boot() can do its job.
* If no reference is given, the journal head/tail will do,
* they're "virtual" boots after all. */
if (boot_id && !sd_id128_is_null(*boot_id)) {
char match[9+32+1] = "_BOOT_ID=";
sd_journal_flush_matches(j);
sd_id128_to_string(*boot_id, match + 9);
r = sd_journal_add_match(j, match, sizeof(match) - 1);
if (r < 0)
return r;
if (advance_older)
r = sd_journal_seek_head(j); /* seek to oldest */
else
r = sd_journal_seek_tail(j); /* seek to newest */
if (r < 0)
return r;
if (advance_older)
r = sd_journal_next(j); /* read the oldest entry */
else
r = sd_journal_previous(j); /* read the most recently added entry */
if (r < 0)
return r;
else if (r == 0)
goto finish;
else if (offset == 0) {
count = 1;
goto finish;
}
/* At this point the read pointer is positioned at the oldest/newest occurence of the reference boot
* ID. After flushing the matches, one more invocation of _previous()/_next() will hence place us at
* the following entry, which must then have an older/newer boot ID */
} else {
if (advance_older)
r = sd_journal_seek_tail(j); /* seek to newest */
else
r = sd_journal_seek_head(j); /* seek to oldest */
if (r < 0)
return r;
/* No sd_journal_next()/_previous() here.
*
* At this point the read pointer is positioned after the newest/before the oldest entry in the whole
* journal. The next invocation of _previous()/_next() will hence position us at the newest/oldest
* entry we have. */
}
previous_boot_id = SD_ID128_NULL;
for (;;) {
_cleanup_free_ BootId *current = NULL;
r = discover_next_boot(j, previous_boot_id, advance_older, ¤t);
if (r < 0) {
boot_id_free_all(head);
return r;
}
if (!current)
break;
previous_boot_id = current->id;
if (boot_id) {
if (!skip_once)
offset += advance_older ? 1 : -1;
skip_once = false;
if (offset == 0) {
count = 1;
*boot_id = current->id;
break;
}
} else {
LIST_FOREACH(boot_list, id, head) {
if (sd_id128_equal(id->id, current->id)) {
/* boot id already stored, something wrong with the journal files */
/* exiting as otherwise this problem would cause forever loop */
goto finish;
}
}
LIST_INSERT_AFTER(boot_list, head, tail, current);
tail = current;
current = NULL;
count++;
}
}
finish:
if (boots)
*boots = head;
sd_journal_flush_matches(j);
return count;
}
static int list_boots(sd_journal *j) {
int w, i, count;
BootId *id, *all_ids;
assert(j);
count = get_boots(j, &all_ids, NULL, 0);
if (count < 0)
return log_error_errno(count, "Failed to determine boots: %m");
if (count == 0)
return count;
pager_open(arg_no_pager, arg_pager_end);
/* numbers are one less, but we need an extra char for the sign */
w = DECIMAL_STR_WIDTH(count - 1) + 1;
i = 0;
LIST_FOREACH(boot_list, id, all_ids) {
char a[FORMAT_TIMESTAMP_MAX], b[FORMAT_TIMESTAMP_MAX];
printf("% *i " SD_ID128_FORMAT_STR " %s—%s\n",
w, i - count + 1,
SD_ID128_FORMAT_VAL(id->id),
format_timestamp_maybe_utc(a, sizeof(a), id->first),
format_timestamp_maybe_utc(b, sizeof(b), id->last));
i++;
}
boot_id_free_all(all_ids);
return 0;
}
static int add_boot(sd_journal *j) {
char match[9+32+1] = "_BOOT_ID=";
sd_id128_t boot_id;
int r;
assert(j);
if (!arg_boot)
return 0;
/* Take a shortcut and use the current boot_id, which we can do very quickly.
* We can do this only when we logs are coming from the current machine,
* so take the slow path if log location is specified. */
if (arg_boot_offset == 0 && sd_id128_is_null(arg_boot_id) &&
!arg_directory && !arg_file && !arg_root)
return add_match_this_boot(j, arg_machine);
boot_id = arg_boot_id;
r = get_boots(j, NULL, &boot_id, arg_boot_offset);
assert(r <= 1);
if (r <= 0) {
const char *reason = (r == 0) ? "No such boot ID in journal" : strerror(-r);
if (sd_id128_is_null(arg_boot_id))
log_error("Data from the specified boot (%+i) is not available: %s",
arg_boot_offset, reason);
else
log_error("Data from the specified boot ("SD_ID128_FORMAT_STR") is not available: %s",
SD_ID128_FORMAT_VAL(arg_boot_id), reason);
return r == 0 ? -ENODATA : r;
}
sd_id128_to_string(boot_id, match + 9);
r = sd_journal_add_match(j, match, sizeof(match) - 1);
if (r < 0)
return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to add match: %m");
r = sd_journal_add_conjunction(j);
if (r < 0)
return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to add conjunction: %m");
return 0;
}
static int add_dmesg(sd_journal *j) {
int r;
assert(j);
if (!arg_dmesg)
return 0;
r = sd_journal_add_match(j, "_TRANSPORT=kernel", strlen("_TRANSPORT=kernel"));
if (r < 0)
return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to add match: %m");
r = sd_journal_add_conjunction(j);
if (r < 0)
return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to add conjunction: %m");
return 0;
}
static int get_possible_units(
sd_journal *j,
const char *fields,
char **patterns,
Set **units) {
_cleanup_set_free_free_ Set *found;
const char *field;
int r;
found = set_new(&string_hash_ops);
if (!found)
return -ENOMEM;
NULSTR_FOREACH(field, fields) {
const void *data;
size_t size;
r = sd_journal_query_unique(j, field);
if (r < 0)
return r;
SD_JOURNAL_FOREACH_UNIQUE(j, data, size) {
char **pattern, *eq;
size_t prefix;
_cleanup_free_ char *u = NULL;
eq = memchr(data, '=', size);
if (eq)
prefix = eq - (char*) data + 1;
else
prefix = 0;
u = strndup((char*) data + prefix, size - prefix);
if (!u)
return -ENOMEM;
STRV_FOREACH(pattern, patterns)
if (fnmatch(*pattern, u, FNM_NOESCAPE) == 0) {
log_debug("Matched %s with pattern %s=%s", u, field, *pattern);
r = set_consume(found, u);
u = NULL;
if (r < 0 && r != -EEXIST)
return r;
break;
}
}
}
*units = found;
found = NULL;
return 0;
}
/* This list is supposed to return the superset of unit names
* possibly matched by rules added with add_matches_for_unit... */
#define SYSTEM_UNITS \
"_SYSTEMD_UNIT\0" \
"COREDUMP_UNIT\0" \
"UNIT\0" \
"OBJECT_SYSTEMD_UNIT\0" \
"_SYSTEMD_SLICE\0"
/* ... and add_matches_for_user_unit */
#define USER_UNITS \
"_SYSTEMD_USER_UNIT\0" \
"USER_UNIT\0" \
"COREDUMP_USER_UNIT\0" \
"OBJECT_SYSTEMD_USER_UNIT\0"
static int add_units(sd_journal *j) {
_cleanup_strv_free_ char **patterns = NULL;
int r, count = 0;
char **i;
assert(j);
STRV_FOREACH(i, arg_system_units) {
_cleanup_free_ char *u = NULL;
r = unit_name_mangle(*i, UNIT_NAME_GLOB, &u);
if (r < 0)
return r;
if (string_is_glob(u)) {
r = strv_push(&patterns, u);
if (r < 0)
return r;
u = NULL;
} else {
r = add_matches_for_unit(j, u);
if (r < 0)
return r;
r = sd_journal_add_disjunction(j);
if (r < 0)
return r;
count++;
}
}
if (!strv_isempty(patterns)) {
_cleanup_set_free_free_ Set *units = NULL;
Iterator it;
char *u;
r = get_possible_units(j, SYSTEM_UNITS, patterns, &units);
if (r < 0)
return r;
SET_FOREACH(u, units, it) {
r = add_matches_for_unit(j, u);
if (r < 0)
return r;
r = sd_journal_add_disjunction(j);
if (r < 0)
return r;
count++;
}
}
patterns = strv_free(patterns);
STRV_FOREACH(i, arg_user_units) {
_cleanup_free_ char *u = NULL;
r = unit_name_mangle(*i, UNIT_NAME_GLOB, &u);
if (r < 0)
return r;
if (string_is_glob(u)) {
r = strv_push(&patterns, u);
if (r < 0)
return r;
u = NULL;
} else {
r = add_matches_for_user_unit(j, u, getuid());
if (r < 0)
return r;
r = sd_journal_add_disjunction(j);
if (r < 0)
return r;
count++;
}
}
if (!strv_isempty(patterns)) {
_cleanup_set_free_free_ Set *units = NULL;
Iterator it;
char *u;
r = get_possible_units(j, USER_UNITS, patterns, &units);
if (r < 0)
return r;
SET_FOREACH(u, units, it) {
r = add_matches_for_user_unit(j, u, getuid());
if (r < 0)
return r;
r = sd_journal_add_disjunction(j);
if (r < 0)
return r;
count++;
}
}
/* Complain if the user request matches but nothing whatsoever was
* found, since otherwise everything would be matched. */
if (!(strv_isempty(arg_system_units) && strv_isempty(arg_user_units)) && count == 0)
return -ENODATA;
r = sd_journal_add_conjunction(j);
if (r < 0)
return r;
return 0;
}
static int add_priorities(sd_journal *j) {
char match[] = "PRIORITY=0";
int i, r;
assert(j);
if (arg_priorities == 0xFF)
return 0;
for (i = LOG_EMERG; i <= LOG_DEBUG; i++)
if (arg_priorities & (1 << i)) {
match[sizeof(match)-2] = '0' + i;
r = sd_journal_add_match(j, match, strlen(match));
if (r < 0)
return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to add match: %m");
}
r = sd_journal_add_conjunction(j);
if (r < 0)
return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to add conjunction: %m");
return 0;
}
static int add_syslog_identifier(sd_journal *j) {
int r;
char **i;
assert(j);
STRV_FOREACH(i, arg_syslog_identifier) {
char *u;
u = strjoina("SYSLOG_IDENTIFIER=", *i);
r = sd_journal_add_match(j, u, 0);
if (r < 0)
return r;
r = sd_journal_add_disjunction(j);
if (r < 0)
return r;
}
r = sd_journal_add_conjunction(j);
if (r < 0)
return r;
return 0;
}
static int setup_keys(void) {
#ifdef HAVE_GCRYPT
size_t mpk_size, seed_size, state_size, i;
uint8_t *mpk, *seed, *state;
int fd = -1, r;
sd_id128_t machine, boot;
char *p = NULL, *k = NULL;
struct FSSHeader h;
uint64_t n;
struct stat st;
r = stat("/var/log/journal", &st);
if (r < 0 && errno != ENOENT && errno != ENOTDIR)
return log_error_errno(errno, "stat(\"%s\") failed: %m", "/var/log/journal");
if (r < 0 || !S_ISDIR(st.st_mode)) {
log_error("%s is not a directory, must be using persistent logging for FSS.",
"/var/log/journal");
return r < 0 ? -errno : -ENOTDIR;
}
r = sd_id128_get_machine(&machine);
if (r < 0)
return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to get machine ID: %m");
r = sd_id128_get_boot(&boot);
if (r < 0)
return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to get boot ID: %m");
if (asprintf(&p, "/var/log/journal/" SD_ID128_FORMAT_STR "/fss",
SD_ID128_FORMAT_VAL(machine)) < 0)
return log_oom();
if (arg_force) {
r = unlink(p);
if (r < 0 && errno != ENOENT) {
r = log_error_errno(errno, "unlink(\"%s\") failed: %m", p);
goto finish;
}
} else if (access(p, F_OK) >= 0) {
log_error("Sealing key file %s exists already. Use --force to recreate.", p);
r = -EEXIST;
goto finish;
}
if (asprintf(&k, "/var/log/journal/" SD_ID128_FORMAT_STR "/fss.tmp.XXXXXX",
SD_ID128_FORMAT_VAL(machine)) < 0) {
r = log_oom();
goto finish;
}
mpk_size = FSPRG_mskinbytes(FSPRG_RECOMMENDED_SECPAR);
mpk = alloca(mpk_size);
seed_size = FSPRG_RECOMMENDED_SEEDLEN;
seed = alloca(seed_size);
state_size = FSPRG_stateinbytes(FSPRG_RECOMMENDED_SECPAR);
state = alloca(state_size);
fd = open("/dev/random", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC|O_NOCTTY);
if (fd < 0) {
r = log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to open /dev/random: %m");
goto finish;
}
log_info("Generating seed...");
r = loop_read_exact(fd, seed, seed_size, true);
if (r < 0) {
log_error_errno(r, "Failed to read random seed: %m");
goto finish;
}
log_info("Generating key pair...");
FSPRG_GenMK(NULL, mpk, seed, seed_size, FSPRG_RECOMMENDED_SECPAR);
log_info("Generating sealing key...");
FSPRG_GenState0(state, mpk, seed, seed_size);
assert(arg_interval > 0);
n = now(CLOCK_REALTIME);
n /= arg_interval;
safe_close(fd);
fd = mkostemp_safe(k);
if (fd < 0) {
r = log_error_errno(fd, "Failed to open %s: %m", k);
goto finish;
}
/* Enable secure remove, exclusion from dump, synchronous
* writing and in-place updating */
r = chattr_fd(fd, FS_SECRM_FL|FS_NODUMP_FL|FS_SYNC_FL|FS_NOCOW_FL, FS_SECRM_FL|FS_NODUMP_FL|FS_SYNC_FL|FS_NOCOW_FL);
if (r < 0)
log_warning_errno(r, "Failed to set file attributes: %m");
zero(h);
memcpy(h.signature, "KSHHRHLP", 8);
h.machine_id = machine;
h.boot_id = boot;
h.header_size = htole64(sizeof(h));
h.start_usec = htole64(n * arg_interval);
h.interval_usec = htole64(arg_interval);
h.fsprg_secpar = htole16(FSPRG_RECOMMENDED_SECPAR);
h.fsprg_state_size = htole64(state_size);
r = loop_write(fd, &h, sizeof(h), false);
if (r < 0) {
log_error_errno(r, "Failed to write header: %m");
goto finish;
}
r = loop_write(fd, state, state_size, false);
if (r < 0) {
log_error_errno(r, "Failed to write state: %m");
goto finish;
}
if (link(k, p) < 0) {
r = log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to link file: %m");
goto finish;
}
if (on_tty()) {
fprintf(stderr,
"\n"
"The new key pair has been generated. The %ssecret sealing key%s has been written to\n"
"the following local file. This key file is automatically updated when the\n"
"sealing key is advanced. It should not be used on multiple hosts.\n"
"\n"
"\t%s\n"
"\n"
"Please write down the following %ssecret verification key%s. It should be stored\n"
"at a safe location and should not be saved locally on disk.\n"
"\n\t%s",
ansi_highlight(), ansi_normal(),
p,
ansi_highlight(), ansi_normal(),
ansi_highlight_red());
fflush(stderr);
}
for (i = 0; i < seed_size; i++) {
if (i > 0 && i % 3 == 0)
putchar('-');
printf("%02x", ((uint8_t*) seed)[i]);
}
printf("/%llx-%llx\n", (unsigned long long) n, (unsigned long long) arg_interval);
if (on_tty()) {
char tsb[FORMAT_TIMESPAN_MAX], *hn;
fprintf(stderr,
"%s\n"
"The sealing key is automatically changed every %s.\n",
ansi_normal(),
format_timespan(tsb, sizeof(tsb), arg_interval, 0));
hn = gethostname_malloc();
if (hn) {
hostname_cleanup(hn);
fprintf(stderr, "\nThe keys have been generated for host %s/" SD_ID128_FORMAT_STR ".\n", hn, SD_ID128_FORMAT_VAL(machine));
} else
fprintf(stderr, "\nThe keys have been generated for host " SD_ID128_FORMAT_STR ".\n", SD_ID128_FORMAT_VAL(machine));
#ifdef HAVE_QRENCODE
/* If this is not an UTF-8 system don't print any QR codes */
if (is_locale_utf8()) {
fputs("\nTo transfer the verification key to your phone please scan the QR code below:\n\n", stderr);
print_qr_code(stderr, seed, seed_size, n, arg_interval, hn, machine);
}
#endif
free(hn);
}
r = 0;
finish:
safe_close(fd);
if (k) {
unlink(k);
free(k);
}
free(p);
return r;
#else
log_error("Forward-secure sealing not available.");
return -EOPNOTSUPP;
#endif
}
static int verify(sd_journal *j) {
int r = 0;
Iterator i;
JournalFile *f;
assert(j);
log_show_color(true);
ORDERED_HASHMAP_FOREACH(f, j->files, i) {
int k;
usec_t first = 0, validated = 0, last = 0;
#ifdef HAVE_GCRYPT
if (!arg_verify_key && JOURNAL_HEADER_SEALED(f->header))
log_notice("Journal file %s has sealing enabled but verification key has not been passed using --verify-key=.", f->path);
#endif
k = journal_file_verify(f, arg_verify_key, &first, &validated, &last, true);
if (k == -EINVAL) {
/* If the key was invalid give up right-away. */
return k;
} else if (k < 0) {
log_warning_errno(k, "FAIL: %s (%m)", f->path);
r = k;
} else {
char a[FORMAT_TIMESTAMP_MAX], b[FORMAT_TIMESTAMP_MAX], c[FORMAT_TIMESPAN_MAX];
log_info("PASS: %s", f->path);
if (arg_verify_key && JOURNAL_HEADER_SEALED(f->header)) {
if (validated > 0) {
log_info("=> Validated from %s to %s, final %s entries not sealed.",
format_timestamp_maybe_utc(a, sizeof(a), first),
format_timestamp_maybe_utc(b, sizeof(b), validated),
format_timespan(c, sizeof(c), last > validated ? last - validated : 0, 0));
} else if (last > 0)
log_info("=> No sealing yet, %s of entries not sealed.",
format_timespan(c, sizeof(c), last - first, 0));
else
log_info("=> No sealing yet, no entries in file.");
}
}
}
return r;
}
static int access_check_var_log_journal(sd_journal *j) {
#ifdef HAVE_ACL
_cleanup_strv_free_ char **g = NULL;
const char* dir;
#endif
int r;
assert(j);
if (arg_quiet)
return 0;
/* If we are root, we should have access, don't warn. */
if (getuid() == 0)
return 0;
/* If we are in the 'systemd-journal' group, we should have
* access too. */
r = in_group("systemd-journal");
if (r < 0)
return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to check if we are in the 'systemd-journal' group: %m");
if (r > 0)
return 0;
#ifdef HAVE_ACL
if (laccess("/run/log/journal", F_OK) >= 0)
dir = "/run/log/journal";
else
dir = "/var/log/journal";
/* If we are in any of the groups listed in the journal ACLs,
* then all is good, too. Let's enumerate all groups from the
* default ACL of the directory, which generally should allow
* access to most journal files too. */
r = acl_search_groups(dir, &g);
if (r < 0)
return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to search journal ACL: %m");
if (r > 0)
return 0;
/* Print a pretty list, if there were ACLs set. */
if (!strv_isempty(g)) {
_cleanup_free_ char *s = NULL;
/* Thre are groups in the ACL, let's list them */
r = strv_extend(&g, "systemd-journal");
if (r < 0)
return log_oom();
strv_sort(g);
strv_uniq(g);
s = strv_join(g, "', '");
if (!s)
return log_oom();
log_notice("Hint: You are currently not seeing messages from other users and the system.\n"
" Users in groups '%s' can see all messages.\n"
" Pass -q to turn off this notice.", s);
return 1;
}
#endif
/* If no ACLs were found, print a short version of the message. */
log_notice("Hint: You are currently not seeing messages from other users and the system.\n"
" Users in the 'systemd-journal' group can see all messages. Pass -q to\n"
" turn off this notice.");
return 1;
}
static int access_check(sd_journal *j) {
Iterator it;
void *code;
char *path;
int r = 0;
assert(j);
if (hashmap_isempty(j->errors)) {
if (ordered_hashmap_isempty(j->files))
log_notice("No journal files were found.");
return 0;
}
if (hashmap_contains(j->errors, INT_TO_PTR(-EACCES))) {
(void) access_check_var_log_journal(j);
if (ordered_hashmap_isempty(j->files))
r = log_error_errno(EACCES, "No journal files were opened due to insufficient permissions.");
}
HASHMAP_FOREACH_KEY(path, code, j->errors, it) {
int err;
err = abs(PTR_TO_INT(code));
switch (err) {
case EACCES:
continue;
case ENODATA:
log_warning_errno(err, "Journal file %s is truncated, ignoring file.", path);
break;
case EPROTONOSUPPORT:
log_warning_errno(err, "Journal file %s uses an unsupported feature, ignoring file.", path);
break;
case EBADMSG:
log_warning_errno(err, "Journal file %s corrupted, ignoring file.", path);
break;
default:
log_warning_errno(err, "An error was encountered while opening journal file or directory %s, ignoring file: %m", path);
break;
}
}
return r;
}
static int flush_to_var(void) {
_cleanup_(sd_bus_error_free) sd_bus_error error = SD_BUS_ERROR_NULL;
_cleanup_(sd_bus_flush_close_unrefp) sd_bus *bus = NULL;
_cleanup_close_ int watch_fd = -1;
int r;
if (arg_machine) {
log_error("--flush is not supported in conjunction with --machine=.");
return -EOPNOTSUPP;
}
/* Quick exit */
if (access("/run/systemd/journal/flushed", F_OK) >= 0)
return 0;
/* OK, let's actually do the full logic, send SIGUSR1 to the
* daemon and set up inotify to wait for the flushed file to appear */
r = bus_connect_system_systemd(&bus);
if (r < 0)
return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to get D-Bus connection: %m");
r = sd_bus_call_method(
bus,
"org.freedesktop.systemd1",
"/org/freedesktop/systemd1",
"org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager",
"KillUnit",
&error,
NULL,
"ssi", "systemd-journald.service", "main", SIGUSR1);
if (r < 0)
return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to kill journal service: %s", bus_error_message(&error, r));
mkdir_p("/run/systemd/journal", 0755);
watch_fd = inotify_init1(IN_NONBLOCK|IN_CLOEXEC);
if (watch_fd < 0)
return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to create inotify watch: %m");
r = inotify_add_watch(watch_fd, "/run/systemd/journal", IN_CREATE|IN_DONT_FOLLOW|IN_ONLYDIR);
if (r < 0)
return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to watch journal directory: %m");
for (;;) {
if (access("/run/systemd/journal/flushed", F_OK) >= 0)
break;
if (errno != ENOENT)
return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to check for existence of /run/systemd/journal/flushed: %m");
r = fd_wait_for_event(watch_fd, POLLIN, USEC_INFINITY);
if (r < 0)
return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to wait for event: %m");
r = flush_fd(watch_fd);
if (r < 0)
return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to flush inotify events: %m");
}
return 0;
}
static int send_signal_and_wait(int sig, const char *watch_path) {
_cleanup_(sd_bus_flush_close_unrefp) sd_bus *bus = NULL;
_cleanup_close_ int watch_fd = -1;
usec_t start;
int r;
if (arg_machine) {
log_error("--sync and --rotate are not supported in conjunction with --machine=.");
return -EOPNOTSUPP;
}
start = now(CLOCK_MONOTONIC);
/* This call sends the specified signal to journald, and waits
* for acknowledgment by watching the mtime of the specified
* flag file. This is used to trigger syncing or rotation and
* then wait for the operation to complete. */
for (;;) {
usec_t tstamp;
/* See if a sync happened by now. */
r = read_timestamp_file(watch_path, &tstamp);
if (r < 0 && r != -ENOENT)
return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to read %s: %m", watch_path);
if (r >= 0 && tstamp >= start)
return 0;
/* Let's ask for a sync, but only once. */
if (!bus) {
_cleanup_(sd_bus_error_free) sd_bus_error error = SD_BUS_ERROR_NULL;
r = bus_connect_system_systemd(&bus);
if (r < 0)
return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to get D-Bus connection: %m");
r = sd_bus_call_method(
bus,
"org.freedesktop.systemd1",
"/org/freedesktop/systemd1",
"org.freedesktop.systemd1.Manager",
"KillUnit",
&error,
NULL,
"ssi", "systemd-journald.service", "main", sig);
if (r < 0)
return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to kill journal service: %s", bus_error_message(&error, r));
continue;
}
/* Let's install the inotify watch, if we didn't do that yet. */
if (watch_fd < 0) {
mkdir_p("/run/systemd/journal", 0755);
watch_fd = inotify_init1(IN_NONBLOCK|IN_CLOEXEC);
if (watch_fd < 0)
return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to create inotify watch: %m");
r = inotify_add_watch(watch_fd, "/run/systemd/journal", IN_MOVED_TO|IN_DONT_FOLLOW|IN_ONLYDIR);
if (r < 0)
return log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to watch journal directory: %m");
/* Recheck the flag file immediately, so that we don't miss any event since the last check. */
continue;
}
/* OK, all preparatory steps done, let's wait until
* inotify reports an event. */
r = fd_wait_for_event(watch_fd, POLLIN, USEC_INFINITY);
if (r < 0)
return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to wait for event: %m");
r = flush_fd(watch_fd);
if (r < 0)
return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to flush inotify events: %m");
}
return 0;
}
static int rotate(void) {
return send_signal_and_wait(SIGUSR2, "/run/systemd/journal/rotated");
}
static int sync_journal(void) {
return send_signal_and_wait(SIGRTMIN+1, "/run/systemd/journal/synced");
}
int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
int r;
_cleanup_(sd_journal_closep) sd_journal *j = NULL;
bool need_seek = false;
sd_id128_t previous_boot_id;
bool previous_boot_id_valid = false, first_line = true;
int n_shown = 0;
bool ellipsized = false;
setlocale(LC_ALL, "");
log_parse_environment();
log_open();
r = parse_argv(argc, argv);
if (r <= 0)
goto finish;
signal(SIGWINCH, columns_lines_cache_reset);
sigbus_install();
/* Increase max number of open files to 16K if we can, we
* might needs this when browsing journal files, which might
* be split up into many files. */
setrlimit_closest(RLIMIT_NOFILE, &RLIMIT_MAKE_CONST(16384));
switch (arg_action) {
case ACTION_NEW_ID128:
r = generate_new_id128();
goto finish;
case ACTION_SETUP_KEYS:
r = setup_keys();
goto finish;
case ACTION_LIST_CATALOG:
case ACTION_DUMP_CATALOG:
case ACTION_UPDATE_CATALOG: {
_cleanup_free_ char *database;
database = path_join(arg_root, CATALOG_DATABASE, NULL);
if (!database) {
r = log_oom();
goto finish;
}
if (arg_action == ACTION_UPDATE_CATALOG) {
r = catalog_update(database, arg_root, catalog_file_dirs);
if (r < 0)
log_error_errno(r, "Failed to list catalog: %m");
} else {
bool oneline = arg_action == ACTION_LIST_CATALOG;
pager_open(arg_no_pager, arg_pager_end);
if (optind < argc)
r = catalog_list_items(stdout, database, oneline, argv + optind);
else
r = catalog_list(stdout, database, oneline);
if (r < 0)
log_error_errno(r, "Failed to list catalog: %m");
}
goto finish;
}
case ACTION_FLUSH:
r = flush_to_var();
goto finish;
case ACTION_SYNC:
r = sync_journal();
goto finish;
case ACTION_ROTATE:
r = rotate();
goto finish;
case ACTION_SHOW:
case ACTION_PRINT_HEADER:
case ACTION_VERIFY:
case ACTION_DISK_USAGE:
case ACTION_LIST_BOOTS:
case ACTION_VACUUM:
case ACTION_LIST_FIELDS:
case ACTION_LIST_FIELD_NAMES:
/* These ones require access to the journal files, continue below. */
break;
default:
assert_not_reached("Unknown action");
}
if (arg_directory)
r = sd_journal_open_directory(&j, arg_directory, arg_journal_type);
else if (arg_root)
r = sd_journal_open_directory(&j, arg_root, arg_journal_type | SD_JOURNAL_OS_ROOT);
else if (arg_file_stdin) {
int ifd = STDIN_FILENO;
r = sd_journal_open_files_fd(&j, &ifd, 1, 0);
} else if (arg_file)
r = sd_journal_open_files(&j, (const char**) arg_file, 0);
else if (arg_machine) {
_cleanup_(sd_bus_error_free) sd_bus_error error = SD_BUS_ERROR_NULL;
_cleanup_(sd_bus_message_unrefp) sd_bus_message *reply = NULL;
_cleanup_(sd_bus_flush_close_unrefp) sd_bus *bus = NULL;
int fd;
if (geteuid() != 0) {
/* The file descriptor returned by OpenMachineRootDirectory() will be owned by users/groups of
* the container, thus we need root privileges to override them. */
log_error("Using the --machine= switch requires root privileges.");
r = -EPERM;
goto finish;
}
r = sd_bus_open_system(&bus);
if (r < 0) {
log_error_errno(r, "Failed to open system bus: %m");
goto finish;
}
r = sd_bus_call_method(
bus,
"org.freedesktop.machine1",
"/org/freedesktop/machine1",
"org.freedesktop.machine1.Manager",
"OpenMachineRootDirectory",
&error,
&reply,
"s", arg_machine);
if (r < 0) {
log_error_errno(r, "Failed to open root directory: %s", bus_error_message(&error, r));
goto finish;
}
r = sd_bus_message_read(reply, "h", &fd);
if (r < 0) {
bus_log_parse_error(r);
goto finish;
}
fd = fcntl(fd, F_DUPFD_CLOEXEC, 3);
if (fd < 0) {
r = log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to duplicate file descriptor: %m");
goto finish;
}
r = sd_journal_open_directory_fd(&j, fd, SD_JOURNAL_OS_ROOT);
if (r < 0)
safe_close(fd);
} else
r = sd_journal_open(&j, !arg_merge*SD_JOURNAL_LOCAL_ONLY + arg_journal_type);
if (r < 0) {
log_error_errno(r, "Failed to open %s: %m", arg_directory ?: arg_file ? "files" : "journal");
goto finish;
}
r = access_check(j);
if (r < 0)
goto finish;
switch (arg_action) {
case ACTION_NEW_ID128:
case ACTION_SETUP_KEYS:
case ACTION_LIST_CATALOG:
case ACTION_DUMP_CATALOG:
case ACTION_UPDATE_CATALOG:
case ACTION_FLUSH:
case ACTION_SYNC:
case ACTION_ROTATE:
assert_not_reached("Unexpected action.");
case ACTION_PRINT_HEADER:
journal_print_header(j);
r = 0;
goto finish;
case ACTION_VERIFY:
r = verify(j);
goto finish;
case ACTION_DISK_USAGE: {
uint64_t bytes = 0;
char sbytes[FORMAT_BYTES_MAX];
r = sd_journal_get_usage(j, &bytes);
if (r < 0)
goto finish;
printf("Archived and active journals take up %s in the file system.\n",
format_bytes(sbytes, sizeof(sbytes), bytes));
goto finish;
}
case ACTION_LIST_BOOTS:
r = list_boots(j);
goto finish;
case ACTION_VACUUM: {
Directory *d;
Iterator i;
HASHMAP_FOREACH(d, j->directories_by_path, i) {
int q;
if (d->is_root)
continue;
q = journal_directory_vacuum(d->path, arg_vacuum_size, arg_vacuum_n_files, arg_vacuum_time, NULL, true);
if (q < 0) {
log_error_errno(q, "Failed to vacuum %s: %m", d->path);
r = q;
}
}
goto finish;
}
case ACTION_LIST_FIELD_NAMES: {
const char *field;
SD_JOURNAL_FOREACH_FIELD(j, field) {
printf("%s\n", field);
n_shown++;
}
r = 0;
goto finish;
}
case ACTION_SHOW:
case ACTION_LIST_FIELDS:
break;
default:
assert_not_reached("Unknown action");
}
if (arg_boot_offset != 0 &&
sd_journal_has_runtime_files(j) > 0 &&
sd_journal_has_persistent_files(j) == 0) {
log_info("Specifying boot ID or boot offset has no effect, no persistent journal was found.");
r = 0;
goto finish;
}
/* add_boot() must be called first!
* It may need to seek the journal to find parent boot IDs. */
r = add_boot(j);
if (r < 0)
goto finish;
r = add_dmesg(j);
if (r < 0)
goto finish;
r = add_units(j);
if (r < 0) {
log_error_errno(r, "Failed to add filter for units: %m");
goto finish;
}
r = add_syslog_identifier(j);
if (r < 0) {
log_error_errno(r, "Failed to add filter for syslog identifiers: %m");
goto finish;
}
r = add_priorities(j);
if (r < 0)
goto finish;
r = add_matches(j, argv + optind);
if (r < 0)
goto finish;
if (_unlikely_(log_get_max_level() >= LOG_DEBUG)) {
_cleanup_free_ char *filter;
filter = journal_make_match_string(j);
if (!filter)
return log_oom();
log_debug("Journal filter: %s", filter);
}
if (arg_action == ACTION_LIST_FIELDS) {
const void *data;
size_t size;
assert(arg_field);
r = sd_journal_set_data_threshold(j, 0);
if (r < 0) {
log_error_errno(r, "Failed to unset data size threshold: %m");
goto finish;
}
r = sd_journal_query_unique(j, arg_field);
if (r < 0) {
log_error_errno(r, "Failed to query unique data objects: %m");
goto finish;
}
SD_JOURNAL_FOREACH_UNIQUE(j, data, size) {
const void *eq;
if (arg_lines >= 0 && n_shown >= arg_lines)
break;
eq = memchr(data, '=', size);
if (eq)
printf("%.*s\n", (int) (size - ((const uint8_t*) eq - (const uint8_t*) data + 1)), (const char*) eq + 1);
else
printf("%.*s\n", (int) size, (const char*) data);
n_shown++;
}
r = 0;
goto finish;
}
/* Opening the fd now means the first sd_journal_wait() will actually wait */
if (arg_follow) {
r = sd_journal_get_fd(j);
if (r == -EMEDIUMTYPE) {
log_error_errno(r, "The --follow switch is not supported in conjunction with reading from STDIN.");
goto finish;
}
if (r < 0) {
log_error_errno(r, "Failed to get journal fd: %m");
goto finish;
}
}
if (arg_cursor || arg_after_cursor) {
r = sd_journal_seek_cursor(j, arg_cursor ?: arg_after_cursor);
if (r < 0) {
log_error_errno(r, "Failed to seek to cursor: %m");
goto finish;
}
if (!arg_reverse)
r = sd_journal_next_skip(j, 1 + !!arg_after_cursor);
else
r = sd_journal_previous_skip(j, 1 + !!arg_after_cursor);
if (arg_after_cursor && r < 2) {
/* We couldn't find the next entry after the cursor. */
if (arg_follow)
need_seek = true;
else
arg_lines = 0;
}
} else if (arg_since_set && !arg_reverse) {
r = sd_journal_seek_realtime_usec(j, arg_since);
if (r < 0) {
log_error_errno(r, "Failed to seek to date: %m");
goto finish;
}
r = sd_journal_next(j);
} else if (arg_until_set && arg_reverse) {
r = sd_journal_seek_realtime_usec(j, arg_until);
if (r < 0) {
log_error_errno(r, "Failed to seek to date: %m");
goto finish;
}
r = sd_journal_previous(j);
} else if (arg_lines >= 0) {
r = sd_journal_seek_tail(j);
if (r < 0) {
log_error_errno(r, "Failed to seek to tail: %m");
goto finish;
}
r = sd_journal_previous_skip(j, arg_lines);
} else if (arg_reverse) {
r = sd_journal_seek_tail(j);
if (r < 0) {
log_error_errno(r, "Failed to seek to tail: %m");
goto finish;
}
r = sd_journal_previous(j);
} else {
r = sd_journal_seek_head(j);
if (r < 0) {
log_error_errno(r, "Failed to seek to head: %m");
goto finish;
}
r = sd_journal_next(j);
}
if (r < 0) {
log_error_errno(r, "Failed to iterate through journal: %m");
goto finish;
}
if (r == 0) {
if (arg_follow)
need_seek = true;
else {
if (!arg_quiet)
printf("-- No entries --\n");
goto finish;
}
}
if (!arg_follow)
pager_open(arg_no_pager, arg_pager_end);
if (!arg_quiet) {
usec_t start, end;
char start_buf[FORMAT_TIMESTAMP_MAX], end_buf[FORMAT_TIMESTAMP_MAX];
r = sd_journal_get_cutoff_realtime_usec(j, &start, &end);
if (r < 0) {
log_error_errno(r, "Failed to get cutoff: %m");
goto finish;
}
if (r > 0) {
if (arg_follow)
printf("-- Logs begin at %s. --\n",
format_timestamp_maybe_utc(start_buf, sizeof(start_buf), start));
else
printf("-- Logs begin at %s, end at %s. --\n",
format_timestamp_maybe_utc(start_buf, sizeof(start_buf), start),
format_timestamp_maybe_utc(end_buf, sizeof(end_buf), end));
}
}
for (;;) {
while (arg_lines < 0 || n_shown < arg_lines || (arg_follow && !first_line)) {
int flags;
if (need_seek) {
if (!arg_reverse)
r = sd_journal_next(j);
else
r = sd_journal_previous(j);
if (r < 0) {
log_error_errno(r, "Failed to iterate through journal: %m");
goto finish;
}
if (r == 0)
break;
}
if (arg_until_set && !arg_reverse) {
usec_t usec;
r = sd_journal_get_realtime_usec(j, &usec);
if (r < 0) {
log_error_errno(r, "Failed to determine timestamp: %m");
goto finish;
}
if (usec > arg_until)
goto finish;
}
if (arg_since_set && arg_reverse) {
usec_t usec;
r = sd_journal_get_realtime_usec(j, &usec);
if (r < 0) {
log_error_errno(r, "Failed to determine timestamp: %m");
goto finish;
}
if (usec < arg_since)
goto finish;
}
if (!arg_merge && !arg_quiet) {
sd_id128_t boot_id;
r = sd_journal_get_monotonic_usec(j, NULL, &boot_id);
if (r >= 0) {
if (previous_boot_id_valid &&
!sd_id128_equal(boot_id, previous_boot_id))
printf("%s-- Reboot --%s\n",
ansi_highlight(), ansi_normal());
previous_boot_id = boot_id;
previous_boot_id_valid = true;
}
}
flags =
arg_all * OUTPUT_SHOW_ALL |
arg_full * OUTPUT_FULL_WIDTH |
colors_enabled() * OUTPUT_COLOR |
arg_catalog * OUTPUT_CATALOG |
arg_utc * OUTPUT_UTC |
arg_no_hostname * OUTPUT_NO_HOSTNAME;
r = output_journal(stdout, j, arg_output, 0, flags, &ellipsized);
need_seek = true;
if (r == -EADDRNOTAVAIL)
break;
else if (r < 0 || ferror(stdout))
goto finish;
n_shown++;
}
if (!arg_follow) {
if (arg_show_cursor) {
_cleanup_free_ char *cursor = NULL;
r = sd_journal_get_cursor(j, &cursor);
if (r < 0 && r != -EADDRNOTAVAIL)
log_error_errno(r, "Failed to get cursor: %m");
else if (r >= 0)
printf("-- cursor: %s\n", cursor);
}
break;
}
r = sd_journal_wait(j, (uint64_t) -1);
if (r < 0) {
log_error_errno(r, "Couldn't wait for journal event: %m");
goto finish;
}
first_line = false;
}
finish:
pager_close();
strv_free(arg_file);
strv_free(arg_syslog_identifier);
strv_free(arg_system_units);
strv_free(arg_user_units);
free(arg_root);
free(arg_verify_key);
return r < 0 ? EXIT_FAILURE : EXIT_SUCCESS;
}