/*-*- Mode: C; c-basic-offset: 8; indent-tabs-mode: nil -*-*/ /*** This file is part of systemd. Copyright 2011 Lennart Poettering systemd is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 2.1 of the License, or (at your option) any later version. systemd is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU Lesser General Public License for more details. You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public License along with systemd; If not, see . ***/ #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include "sd-id128.h" #include "sd-messages.h" #include "strv.h" #include "util.h" #include "mkdir.h" #include "path-util.h" #include "fileio.h" #include "audit.h" #include "bus-util.h" #include "bus-error.h" #include "logind-session.h" #define RELEASE_USEC (20*USEC_PER_SEC) static void session_remove_fifo(Session *s); static unsigned long devt_hash_func(const void *p, const uint8_t hash_key[HASH_KEY_SIZE]) { uint64_t u = *(const dev_t*)p; return uint64_hash_func(&u, hash_key); } static int devt_compare_func(const void *_a, const void *_b) { dev_t a, b; a = *(const dev_t*) _a; b = *(const dev_t*) _b; return a < b ? -1 : (a > b ? 1 : 0); } Session* session_new(Manager *m, const char *id) { Session *s; assert(m); assert(id); assert(session_id_valid(id)); s = new0(Session, 1); if (!s) return NULL; s->state_file = strappend("/run/systemd/sessions/", id); if (!s->state_file) { free(s); return NULL; } s->devices = hashmap_new(devt_hash_func, devt_compare_func); if (!s->devices) { free(s->state_file); free(s); return NULL; } s->id = basename(s->state_file); if (hashmap_put(m->sessions, s->id, s) < 0) { hashmap_free(s->devices); free(s->state_file); free(s); return NULL; } s->manager = m; s->fifo_fd = -1; s->vtfd = -1; return s; } void session_free(Session *s) { SessionDevice *sd; assert(s); if (s->in_gc_queue) LIST_REMOVE(gc_queue, s->manager->session_gc_queue, s); s->timer_event_source = sd_event_source_unref(s->timer_event_source); session_remove_fifo(s); session_drop_controller(s); while ((sd = hashmap_first(s->devices))) session_device_free(sd); hashmap_free(s->devices); if (s->user) { LIST_REMOVE(sessions_by_user, s->user->sessions, s); if (s->user->display == s) s->user->display = NULL; } if (s->seat) { if (s->seat->active == s) s->seat->active = NULL; if (s->seat->pending_switch == s) s->seat->pending_switch = NULL; seat_evict_position(s->seat, s); LIST_REMOVE(sessions_by_seat, s->seat->sessions, s); } if (s->scope) { hashmap_remove(s->manager->session_units, s->scope); free(s->scope); } free(s->scope_job); sd_bus_message_unref(s->create_message); free(s->tty); free(s->display); free(s->remote_host); free(s->remote_user); free(s->service); free(s->desktop); hashmap_remove(s->manager->sessions, s->id); s->vt_source = sd_event_source_unref(s->vt_source); free(s->state_file); free(s); } void session_set_user(Session *s, User *u) { assert(s); assert(!s->user); s->user = u; LIST_PREPEND(sessions_by_user, u->sessions, s); } int session_save(Session *s) { _cleanup_free_ char *temp_path = NULL; _cleanup_fclose_ FILE *f = NULL; int r = 0; assert(s); if (!s->user) return -ESTALE; if (!s->started) return 0; r = mkdir_safe_label("/run/systemd/sessions", 0755, 0, 0); if (r < 0) goto finish; r = fopen_temporary(s->state_file, &f, &temp_path); if (r < 0) goto finish; assert(s->user); fchmod(fileno(f), 0644); fprintf(f, "# This is private data. Do not parse.\n" "UID="UID_FMT"\n" "USER=%s\n" "ACTIVE=%i\n" "STATE=%s\n" "REMOTE=%i\n", s->user->uid, s->user->name, session_is_active(s), session_state_to_string(session_get_state(s)), s->remote); if (s->type >= 0) fprintf(f, "TYPE=%s\n", session_type_to_string(s->type)); if (s->class >= 0) fprintf(f, "CLASS=%s\n", session_class_to_string(s->class)); if (s->scope) fprintf(f, "SCOPE=%s\n", s->scope); if (s->scope_job) fprintf(f, "SCOPE_JOB=%s\n", s->scope_job); if (s->fifo_path) fprintf(f, "FIFO=%s\n", s->fifo_path); if (s->seat) fprintf(f, "SEAT=%s\n", s->seat->id); if (s->tty) fprintf(f, "TTY=%s\n", s->tty); if (s->display) fprintf(f, "DISPLAY=%s\n", s->display); if (s->remote_host) fprintf(f, "REMOTE_HOST=%s\n", s->remote_host); if (s->remote_user) fprintf(f, "REMOTE_USER=%s\n", s->remote_user); if (s->service) fprintf(f, "SERVICE=%s\n", s->service); if (s->desktop) fprintf(f, "DESKTOP=%s\n", s->desktop); if (s->seat && seat_has_vts(s->seat)) fprintf(f, "VTNR=%u\n", s->vtnr); if (!s->vtnr) fprintf(f, "POS=%u\n", s->pos); if (s->leader > 0) fprintf(f, "LEADER="PID_FMT"\n", s->leader); if (s->audit_id > 0) fprintf(f, "AUDIT=%"PRIu32"\n", s->audit_id); if (dual_timestamp_is_set(&s->timestamp)) fprintf(f, "REALTIME="USEC_FMT"\n" "MONOTONIC="USEC_FMT"\n", s->timestamp.realtime, s->timestamp.monotonic); if (s->controller) fprintf(f, "CONTROLLER=%s\n", s->controller); fflush(f); if (ferror(f) || rename(temp_path, s->state_file) < 0) { r = -errno; unlink(s->state_file); unlink(temp_path); } finish: if (r < 0) log_error("Failed to save session data %s: %s", s->state_file, strerror(-r)); return r; } int session_load(Session *s) { _cleanup_free_ char *remote = NULL, *seat = NULL, *vtnr = NULL, *pos = NULL, *leader = NULL, *type = NULL, *class = NULL, *uid = NULL, *realtime = NULL, *monotonic = NULL, *controller = NULL; int k, r; assert(s); r = parse_env_file(s->state_file, NEWLINE, "REMOTE", &remote, "SCOPE", &s->scope, "SCOPE_JOB", &s->scope_job, "FIFO", &s->fifo_path, "SEAT", &seat, "TTY", &s->tty, "DISPLAY", &s->display, "REMOTE_HOST", &s->remote_host, "REMOTE_USER", &s->remote_user, "SERVICE", &s->service, "DESKTOP", &s->desktop, "VTNR", &vtnr, "POS", &pos, "LEADER", &leader, "TYPE", &type, "CLASS", &class, "UID", &uid, "REALTIME", &realtime, "MONOTONIC", &monotonic, "CONTROLLER", &controller, NULL); if (r < 0) { log_error("Failed to read %s: %s", s->state_file, strerror(-r)); return r; } if (!s->user) { uid_t u; User *user; if (!uid) { log_error("UID not specified for session %s", s->id); return -ENOENT; } r = parse_uid(uid, &u); if (r < 0) { log_error("Failed to parse UID value %s for session %s.", uid, s->id); return r; } user = hashmap_get(s->manager->users, ULONG_TO_PTR((unsigned long) u)); if (!user) { log_error("User of session %s not known.", s->id); return -ENOENT; } session_set_user(s, user); } if (remote) { k = parse_boolean(remote); if (k >= 0) s->remote = k; } if (vtnr) safe_atou(vtnr, &s->vtnr); if (seat && !s->seat) { Seat *o; o = hashmap_get(s->manager->seats, seat); if (o) r = seat_attach_session(o, s); if (!o || r < 0) log_error("Cannot attach session %s to seat %s", s->id, seat); } if (!s->seat || !seat_has_vts(s->seat)) s->vtnr = 0; if (pos && s->seat) { unsigned int npos; safe_atou(pos, &npos); seat_claim_position(s->seat, s, npos); } if (leader) { k = parse_pid(leader, &s->leader); if (k >= 0) audit_session_from_pid(s->leader, &s->audit_id); } if (type) { SessionType t; t = session_type_from_string(type); if (t >= 0) s->type = t; } if (class) { SessionClass c; c = session_class_from_string(class); if (c >= 0) s->class = c; } if (s->fifo_path) { int fd; /* If we open an unopened pipe for reading we will not get an EOF. to trigger an EOF we hence open it for reading, but close it right-away which then will trigger the EOF. */ fd = session_create_fifo(s); safe_close(fd); } if (realtime) { unsigned long long l; if (sscanf(realtime, "%llu", &l) > 0) s->timestamp.realtime = l; } if (monotonic) { unsigned long long l; if (sscanf(monotonic, "%llu", &l) > 0) s->timestamp.monotonic = l; } if (controller) { if (bus_name_has_owner(s->manager->bus, controller, NULL) > 0) session_set_controller(s, controller, false); else session_restore_vt(s); } return r; } int session_activate(Session *s) { unsigned int num_pending; assert(s); assert(s->user); if (!s->seat) return -ENOTSUP; if (s->seat->active == s) return 0; /* on seats with VTs, we let VTs manage session-switching */ if (seat_has_vts(s->seat)) { if (!s->vtnr) return -ENOTSUP; return chvt(s->vtnr); } /* On seats without VTs, we implement session-switching in logind. We * try to pause all session-devices and wait until the session * controller acknowledged them. Once all devices are asleep, we simply * switch the active session and be done. * We save the session we want to switch to in seat->pending_switch and * seat_complete_switch() will perform the final switch. */ s->seat->pending_switch = s; /* if no devices are running, immediately perform the session switch */ num_pending = session_device_try_pause_all(s); if (!num_pending) seat_complete_switch(s->seat); return 0; } static int session_start_scope(Session *s) { int r; assert(s); assert(s->user); assert(s->user->slice); if (!s->scope) { _cleanup_bus_error_free_ sd_bus_error error = SD_BUS_ERROR_NULL; _cleanup_free_ char *description = NULL; char *scope, *job = NULL; description = strjoin("Session ", s->id, " of user ", s->user->name, NULL); if (!description) return log_oom(); scope = strjoin("session-", s->id, ".scope", NULL); if (!scope) return log_oom(); r = manager_start_scope(s->manager, scope, s->leader, s->user->slice, description, "systemd-logind.service", "systemd-user-sessions.service", &error, &job); if (r < 0) { log_error("Failed to start session scope %s: %s %s", scope, bus_error_message(&error, r), error.name); free(scope); return r; } else { s->scope = scope; free(s->scope_job); s->scope_job = job; } } if (s->scope) hashmap_put(s->manager->session_units, s->scope, s); return 0; } int session_start(Session *s) { int r; assert(s); if (!s->user) return -ESTALE; if (s->started) return 0; r = user_start(s->user); if (r < 0) return r; /* Create cgroup */ r = session_start_scope(s); if (r < 0) return r; log_struct(s->class == SESSION_BACKGROUND ? LOG_DEBUG : LOG_INFO, MESSAGE_ID(SD_MESSAGE_SESSION_START), "SESSION_ID=%s", s->id, "USER_ID=%s", s->user->name, "LEADER=%lu", (unsigned long) s->leader, "MESSAGE=New session %s of user %s.", s->id, s->user->name, NULL); if (!dual_timestamp_is_set(&s->timestamp)) dual_timestamp_get(&s->timestamp); if (s->seat) seat_read_active_vt(s->seat); s->started = true; /* Save data */ session_save(s); user_save(s->user); if (s->seat) seat_save(s->seat); /* Send signals */ session_send_signal(s, true); user_send_changed(s->user, "Sessions", NULL); if (s->seat) { if (s->seat->active == s) seat_send_changed(s->seat, "Sessions", "ActiveSession", NULL); else seat_send_changed(s->seat, "Sessions", NULL); } return 0; } static int session_stop_scope(Session *s, bool force) { _cleanup_bus_error_free_ sd_bus_error error = SD_BUS_ERROR_NULL; char *job = NULL; int r; assert(s); if (!s->scope) return 0; if (force || manager_shall_kill(s->manager, s->user->name)) { r = manager_stop_unit(s->manager, s->scope, &error, &job); if (r < 0) { log_error("Failed to stop session scope: %s", bus_error_message(&error, r)); return r; } free(s->scope_job); s->scope_job = job; } else { r = manager_abandon_scope(s->manager, s->scope, &error); if (r < 0) { log_error("Failed to abandon session scope: %s", bus_error_message(&error, r)); return r; } } return 0; } int session_stop(Session *s, bool force) { int r; assert(s); if (!s->user) return -ESTALE; s->timer_event_source = sd_event_source_unref(s->timer_event_source); /* We are going down, don't care about FIFOs anymore */ session_remove_fifo(s); /* Kill cgroup */ r = session_stop_scope(s, force); s->stopping = true; session_save(s); user_save(s->user); return r; } int session_finalize(Session *s) { int r = 0; SessionDevice *sd; assert(s); if (!s->user) return -ESTALE; if (s->started) log_struct(s->class == SESSION_BACKGROUND ? LOG_DEBUG : LOG_INFO, MESSAGE_ID(SD_MESSAGE_SESSION_STOP), "SESSION_ID=%s", s->id, "USER_ID=%s", s->user->name, "LEADER=%lu", (unsigned long) s->leader, "MESSAGE=Removed session %s.", s->id, NULL); s->timer_event_source = sd_event_source_unref(s->timer_event_source); /* Kill session devices */ while ((sd = hashmap_first(s->devices))) session_device_free(sd); unlink(s->state_file); session_add_to_gc_queue(s); user_add_to_gc_queue(s->user); if (s->started) { session_send_signal(s, false); s->started = false; } if (s->seat) { if (s->seat->active == s) seat_set_active(s->seat, NULL); seat_save(s->seat); seat_send_changed(s->seat, "Sessions", NULL); } user_save(s->user); user_send_changed(s->user, "Sessions", NULL); return r; } static int release_timeout_callback(sd_event_source *es, uint64_t usec, void *userdata) { Session *s = userdata; assert(es); assert(s); session_stop(s, false); return 0; } void session_release(Session *s) { assert(s); if (!s->started || s->stopping) return; if (!s->timer_event_source) sd_event_add_time(s->manager->event, &s->timer_event_source, CLOCK_MONOTONIC, now(CLOCK_MONOTONIC) + RELEASE_USEC, 0, release_timeout_callback, s); } bool session_is_active(Session *s) { assert(s); if (!s->seat) return true; return s->seat->active == s; } static int get_tty_atime(const char *tty, usec_t *atime) { _cleanup_free_ char *p = NULL; struct stat st; assert(tty); assert(atime); if (!path_is_absolute(tty)) { p = strappend("/dev/", tty); if (!p) return -ENOMEM; tty = p; } else if (!path_startswith(tty, "/dev/")) return -ENOENT; if (lstat(tty, &st) < 0) return -errno; *atime = timespec_load(&st.st_atim); return 0; } static int get_process_ctty_atime(pid_t pid, usec_t *atime) { _cleanup_free_ char *p = NULL; int r; assert(pid > 0); assert(atime); r = get_ctty(pid, NULL, &p); if (r < 0) return r; return get_tty_atime(p, atime); } int session_get_idle_hint(Session *s, dual_timestamp *t) { usec_t atime = 0, n; int r; assert(s); /* Explicit idle hint is set */ if (s->idle_hint) { if (t) *t = s->idle_hint_timestamp; return s->idle_hint; } /* Graphical sessions should really implement a real * idle hint logic */ if (s->display) goto dont_know; /* For sessions with an explicitly configured tty, let's check * its atime */ if (s->tty) { r = get_tty_atime(s->tty, &atime); if (r >= 0) goto found_atime; } /* For sessions with a leader but no explicitly configured * tty, let's check the controlling tty of the leader */ if (s->leader > 0) { r = get_process_ctty_atime(s->leader, &atime); if (r >= 0) goto found_atime; } dont_know: if (t) *t = s->idle_hint_timestamp; return 0; found_atime: if (t) dual_timestamp_from_realtime(t, atime); n = now(CLOCK_REALTIME); if (s->manager->idle_action_usec <= 0) return 0; return atime + s->manager->idle_action_usec <= n; } void session_set_idle_hint(Session *s, bool b) { assert(s); if (s->idle_hint == b) return; s->idle_hint = b; dual_timestamp_get(&s->idle_hint_timestamp); session_send_changed(s, "IdleHint", "IdleSinceHint", "IdleSinceHintMonotonic", NULL); if (s->seat) seat_send_changed(s->seat, "IdleHint", "IdleSinceHint", "IdleSinceHintMonotonic", NULL); user_send_changed(s->user, "IdleHint", "IdleSinceHint", "IdleSinceHintMonotonic", NULL); manager_send_changed(s->manager, "IdleHint", "IdleSinceHint", "IdleSinceHintMonotonic", NULL); } static int session_dispatch_fifo(sd_event_source *es, int fd, uint32_t revents, void *userdata) { Session *s = userdata; assert(s); assert(s->fifo_fd == fd); /* EOF on the FIFO means the session died abnormally. */ session_remove_fifo(s); session_stop(s, false); return 1; } int session_create_fifo(Session *s) { int r; assert(s); /* Create FIFO */ if (!s->fifo_path) { r = mkdir_safe_label("/run/systemd/sessions", 0755, 0, 0); if (r < 0) return r; if (asprintf(&s->fifo_path, "/run/systemd/sessions/%s.ref", s->id) < 0) return -ENOMEM; if (mkfifo(s->fifo_path, 0600) < 0 && errno != EEXIST) return -errno; } /* Open reading side */ if (s->fifo_fd < 0) { s->fifo_fd = open(s->fifo_path, O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC|O_NDELAY); if (s->fifo_fd < 0) return -errno; } if (!s->fifo_event_source) { r = sd_event_add_io(s->manager->event, &s->fifo_event_source, s->fifo_fd, 0, session_dispatch_fifo, s); if (r < 0) return r; r = sd_event_source_set_priority(s->fifo_event_source, SD_EVENT_PRIORITY_IDLE); if (r < 0) return r; } /* Open writing side */ r = open(s->fifo_path, O_WRONLY|O_CLOEXEC|O_NDELAY); if (r < 0) return -errno; return r; } static void session_remove_fifo(Session *s) { assert(s); s->fifo_event_source = sd_event_source_unref(s->fifo_event_source); s->fifo_fd = safe_close(s->fifo_fd); if (s->fifo_path) { unlink(s->fifo_path); free(s->fifo_path); s->fifo_path = NULL; } } bool session_check_gc(Session *s, bool drop_not_started) { assert(s); if (drop_not_started && !s->started) return false; if (!s->user) return false; if (s->fifo_fd >= 0) { if (pipe_eof(s->fifo_fd) <= 0) return true; } if (s->scope_job && manager_job_is_active(s->manager, s->scope_job)) return true; if (s->scope && manager_unit_is_active(s->manager, s->scope)) return true; return false; } void session_add_to_gc_queue(Session *s) { assert(s); if (s->in_gc_queue) return; LIST_PREPEND(gc_queue, s->manager->session_gc_queue, s); s->in_gc_queue = true; } SessionState session_get_state(Session *s) { assert(s); /* always check closing first */ if (s->stopping || s->timer_event_source) return SESSION_CLOSING; if (s->scope_job || s->fifo_fd < 0) return SESSION_OPENING; if (session_is_active(s)) return SESSION_ACTIVE; return SESSION_ONLINE; } int session_kill(Session *s, KillWho who, int signo) { assert(s); if (!s->scope) return -ESRCH; return manager_kill_unit(s->manager, s->scope, who, signo, NULL); } static int session_open_vt(Session *s) { char path[sizeof("/dev/tty") + DECIMAL_STR_MAX(s->vtnr)]; if (!s->vtnr) return -1; if (s->vtfd >= 0) return s->vtfd; sprintf(path, "/dev/tty%u", s->vtnr); s->vtfd = open(path, O_RDWR | O_CLOEXEC | O_NONBLOCK | O_NOCTTY); if (s->vtfd < 0) { log_error("cannot open VT %s of session %s: %m", path, s->id); return -errno; } return s->vtfd; } static int session_vt_fn(sd_event_source *source, const struct signalfd_siginfo *si, void *data) { Session *s = data; if (s->vtfd >= 0) ioctl(s->vtfd, VT_RELDISP, 1); return 0; } void session_mute_vt(Session *s) { int vt, r; struct vt_mode mode = { 0 }; sigset_t mask; vt = session_open_vt(s); if (vt < 0) return; r = ioctl(vt, KDSKBMODE, K_OFF); if (r < 0) goto error; r = ioctl(vt, KDSETMODE, KD_GRAPHICS); if (r < 0) goto error; sigemptyset(&mask); sigaddset(&mask, SIGUSR1); sigprocmask(SIG_BLOCK, &mask, NULL); r = sd_event_add_signal(s->manager->event, &s->vt_source, SIGUSR1, session_vt_fn, s); if (r < 0) goto error; /* Oh, thanks to the VT layer, VT_AUTO does not work with KD_GRAPHICS. * So we need a dummy handler here which just acknowledges *all* VT * switch requests. */ mode.mode = VT_PROCESS; mode.relsig = SIGUSR1; mode.acqsig = SIGUSR1; r = ioctl(vt, VT_SETMODE, &mode); if (r < 0) goto error; return; error: log_error("cannot mute VT %u for session %s (%d/%d)", s->vtnr, s->id, r, errno); session_restore_vt(s); } void session_restore_vt(Session *s) { _cleanup_free_ char *utf8 = NULL; int vt, kb = K_XLATE; struct vt_mode mode = { 0 }; vt = session_open_vt(s); if (vt < 0) return; s->vt_source = sd_event_source_unref(s->vt_source); ioctl(vt, KDSETMODE, KD_TEXT); if (read_one_line_file("/sys/module/vt/parameters/default_utf8", &utf8) >= 0 && *utf8 == '1') kb = K_UNICODE; ioctl(vt, KDSKBMODE, kb); mode.mode = VT_AUTO; ioctl(vt, VT_SETMODE, &mode); s->vtfd = safe_close(s->vtfd); } bool session_is_controller(Session *s, const char *sender) { assert(s); return streq_ptr(s->controller, sender); } static void session_swap_controller(Session *s, char *name) { SessionDevice *sd; if (s->controller) { manager_drop_busname(s->manager, s->controller); free(s->controller); s->controller = NULL; /* Drop all devices as they're now unused. Do that after the * controller is released to avoid sending out useles * dbus signals. */ while ((sd = hashmap_first(s->devices))) session_device_free(sd); if (!name) session_restore_vt(s); } s->controller = name; session_save(s); } int session_set_controller(Session *s, const char *sender, bool force) { char *t; int r; assert(s); assert(sender); if (session_is_controller(s, sender)) return 0; if (s->controller && !force) return -EBUSY; t = strdup(sender); if (!t) return -ENOMEM; r = manager_watch_busname(s->manager, sender); if (r) { free(t); return r; } session_swap_controller(s, t); /* When setting a session controller, we forcibly mute the VT and set * it into graphics-mode. Applications can override that by changing * VT state after calling TakeControl(). However, this serves as a good * default and well-behaving controllers can now ignore VTs entirely. * Note that we reset the VT on ReleaseControl() and if the controller * exits. * If logind crashes/restarts, we restore the controller during restart * or reset the VT in case it crashed/exited, too. */ session_mute_vt(s); return 0; } void session_drop_controller(Session *s) { assert(s); if (!s->controller) return; session_swap_controller(s, NULL); } static const char* const session_state_table[_SESSION_STATE_MAX] = { [SESSION_OPENING] = "opening", [SESSION_ONLINE] = "online", [SESSION_ACTIVE] = "active", [SESSION_CLOSING] = "closing" }; DEFINE_STRING_TABLE_LOOKUP(session_state, SessionState); static const char* const session_type_table[_SESSION_TYPE_MAX] = { [SESSION_UNSPECIFIED] = "unspecified", [SESSION_TTY] = "tty", [SESSION_X11] = "x11", [SESSION_WAYLAND] = "wayland", [SESSION_MIR] = "mir", }; DEFINE_STRING_TABLE_LOOKUP(session_type, SessionType); static const char* const session_class_table[_SESSION_CLASS_MAX] = { [SESSION_USER] = "user", [SESSION_GREETER] = "greeter", [SESSION_LOCK_SCREEN] = "lock-screen", [SESSION_BACKGROUND] = "background" }; DEFINE_STRING_TABLE_LOOKUP(session_class, SessionClass); static const char* const kill_who_table[_KILL_WHO_MAX] = { [KILL_LEADER] = "leader", [KILL_ALL] = "all" }; DEFINE_STRING_TABLE_LOOKUP(kill_who, KillWho);