/*-*- Mode: C; c-basic-offset: 8 -*-*/ /*** This file is part of systemd. Copyright 2010 Lennart Poettering systemd is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or (at your option) any later version. systemd is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License for more details. You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along with systemd; If not, see . ***/ #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include "macro.h" #include "util.h" #include "ioprio.h" #include "missing.h" #include "log.h" #include "strv.h" bool streq_ptr(const char *a, const char *b) { /* Like streq(), but tries to make sense of NULL pointers */ if (a && b) return streq(a, b); if (!a && !b) return true; return false; } usec_t now(clockid_t clock_id) { struct timespec ts; assert_se(clock_gettime(clock_id, &ts) == 0); return timespec_load(&ts); } timestamp* timestamp_get(timestamp *ts) { assert(ts); ts->realtime = now(CLOCK_REALTIME); ts->monotonic = now(CLOCK_MONOTONIC); return ts; } usec_t timespec_load(const struct timespec *ts) { assert(ts); return (usec_t) ts->tv_sec * USEC_PER_SEC + (usec_t) ts->tv_nsec / NSEC_PER_USEC; } struct timespec *timespec_store(struct timespec *ts, usec_t u) { assert(ts); ts->tv_sec = (time_t) (u / USEC_PER_SEC); ts->tv_nsec = (long int) ((u % USEC_PER_SEC) * NSEC_PER_USEC); return ts; } usec_t timeval_load(const struct timeval *tv) { assert(tv); return (usec_t) tv->tv_sec * USEC_PER_SEC + (usec_t) tv->tv_usec; } struct timeval *timeval_store(struct timeval *tv, usec_t u) { assert(tv); tv->tv_sec = (time_t) (u / USEC_PER_SEC); tv->tv_usec = (suseconds_t) (u % USEC_PER_SEC); return tv; } bool endswith(const char *s, const char *postfix) { size_t sl, pl; assert(s); assert(postfix); sl = strlen(s); pl = strlen(postfix); if (pl == 0) return true; if (sl < pl) return false; return memcmp(s + sl - pl, postfix, pl) == 0; } bool startswith(const char *s, const char *prefix) { size_t sl, pl; assert(s); assert(prefix); sl = strlen(s); pl = strlen(prefix); if (pl == 0) return true; if (sl < pl) return false; return memcmp(s, prefix, pl) == 0; } bool startswith_no_case(const char *s, const char *prefix) { size_t sl, pl; unsigned i; assert(s); assert(prefix); sl = strlen(s); pl = strlen(prefix); if (pl == 0) return true; if (sl < pl) return false; for(i = 0; i < pl; ++i) { if (tolower(s[i]) != tolower(prefix[i])) return false; } return true; } bool first_word(const char *s, const char *word) { size_t sl, wl; assert(s); assert(word); sl = strlen(s); wl = strlen(word); if (sl < wl) return false; if (wl == 0) return true; if (memcmp(s, word, wl) != 0) return false; return s[wl] == 0 || strchr(WHITESPACE, s[wl]); } int close_nointr(int fd) { assert(fd >= 0); for (;;) { int r; if ((r = close(fd)) >= 0) return r; if (errno != EINTR) return r; } } void close_nointr_nofail(int fd) { int saved_errno = errno; /* like close_nointr() but cannot fail, and guarantees errno * is unchanged */ assert_se(close_nointr(fd) == 0); errno = saved_errno; } void close_many(const int fds[], unsigned n_fd) { unsigned i; for (i = 0; i < n_fd; i++) close_nointr_nofail(fds[i]); } int parse_boolean(const char *v) { assert(v); if (streq(v, "1") || v[0] == 'y' || v[0] == 'Y' || v[0] == 't' || v[0] == 'T' || !strcasecmp(v, "on")) return 1; else if (streq(v, "0") || v[0] == 'n' || v[0] == 'N' || v[0] == 'f' || v[0] == 'F' || !strcasecmp(v, "off")) return 0; return -EINVAL; } int parse_pid(const char *s, pid_t* ret_pid) { unsigned long ul; pid_t pid; int r; assert(s); assert(ret_pid); if ((r = safe_atolu(s, &ul)) < 0) return r; pid = (pid_t) ul; if ((unsigned long) pid != ul) return -ERANGE; if (pid <= 0) return -ERANGE; *ret_pid = pid; return 0; } int safe_atou(const char *s, unsigned *ret_u) { char *x = NULL; unsigned long l; assert(s); assert(ret_u); errno = 0; l = strtoul(s, &x, 0); if (!x || *x || errno) return errno ? -errno : -EINVAL; if ((unsigned long) (unsigned) l != l) return -ERANGE; *ret_u = (unsigned) l; return 0; } int safe_atoi(const char *s, int *ret_i) { char *x = NULL; long l; assert(s); assert(ret_i); errno = 0; l = strtol(s, &x, 0); if (!x || *x || errno) return errno ? -errno : -EINVAL; if ((long) (int) l != l) return -ERANGE; *ret_i = (int) l; return 0; } int safe_atolu(const char *s, long unsigned *ret_lu) { char *x = NULL; unsigned long l; assert(s); assert(ret_lu); errno = 0; l = strtoul(s, &x, 0); if (!x || *x || errno) return errno ? -errno : -EINVAL; *ret_lu = l; return 0; } int safe_atoli(const char *s, long int *ret_li) { char *x = NULL; long l; assert(s); assert(ret_li); errno = 0; l = strtol(s, &x, 0); if (!x || *x || errno) return errno ? -errno : -EINVAL; *ret_li = l; return 0; } int safe_atollu(const char *s, long long unsigned *ret_llu) { char *x = NULL; unsigned long long l; assert(s); assert(ret_llu); errno = 0; l = strtoull(s, &x, 0); if (!x || *x || errno) return errno ? -errno : -EINVAL; *ret_llu = l; return 0; } int safe_atolli(const char *s, long long int *ret_lli) { char *x = NULL; long long l; assert(s); assert(ret_lli); errno = 0; l = strtoll(s, &x, 0); if (!x || *x || errno) return errno ? -errno : -EINVAL; *ret_lli = l; return 0; } /* Split a string into words. */ char *split(const char *c, size_t *l, const char *separator, char **state) { char *current; current = *state ? *state : (char*) c; if (!*current || *c == 0) return NULL; current += strspn(current, separator); *l = strcspn(current, separator); *state = current+*l; return (char*) current; } /* Split a string into words, but consider strings enclosed in '' and * "" as words even if they include spaces. */ char *split_quoted(const char *c, size_t *l, char **state) { char *current; current = *state ? *state : (char*) c; if (!*current || *c == 0) return NULL; current += strspn(current, WHITESPACE); if (*current == '\'') { current ++; *l = strcspn(current, "'"); *state = current+*l; if (**state == '\'') (*state)++; } else if (*current == '\"') { current ++; *l = strcspn(current, "\""); *state = current+*l; if (**state == '\"') (*state)++; } else { *l = strcspn(current, WHITESPACE); *state = current+*l; } /* FIXME: Cannot deal with strings that have spaces AND ticks * in them */ return (char*) current; } char **split_path_and_make_absolute(const char *p) { char **l; assert(p); if (!(l = strv_split(p, ":"))) return NULL; if (!strv_path_make_absolute_cwd(l)) { strv_free(l); return NULL; } return l; } int get_parent_of_pid(pid_t pid, pid_t *_ppid) { int r; FILE *f; char fn[132], line[256], *p; long long unsigned ppid; assert(pid >= 0); assert(_ppid); assert_se(snprintf(fn, sizeof(fn)-1, "/proc/%llu/stat", (unsigned long long) pid) < (int) (sizeof(fn)-1)); fn[sizeof(fn)-1] = 0; if (!(f = fopen(fn, "r"))) return -errno; if (!(fgets(line, sizeof(line), f))) { r = -errno; fclose(f); return r; } fclose(f); /* Let's skip the pid and comm fields. The latter is enclosed * in () but does not escape any () in its value, so let's * skip over it manually */ if (!(p = strrchr(line, ')'))) return -EIO; p++; if (sscanf(p, " " "%*c " /* state */ "%llu ", /* ppid */ &ppid) != 1) return -EIO; if ((long long unsigned) (pid_t) ppid != ppid) return -ERANGE; *_ppid = (pid_t) ppid; return 0; } int write_one_line_file(const char *fn, const char *line) { FILE *f; int r; assert(fn); assert(line); if (!(f = fopen(fn, "we"))) return -errno; if (fputs(line, f) < 0) { r = -errno; goto finish; } r = 0; finish: fclose(f); return r; } int read_one_line_file(const char *fn, char **line) { FILE *f; int r; char t[2048], *c; assert(fn); assert(line); if (!(f = fopen(fn, "re"))) return -errno; if (!(fgets(t, sizeof(t), f))) { r = -errno; goto finish; } if (!(c = strdup(t))) { r = -ENOMEM; goto finish; } *line = c; r = 0; finish: fclose(f); return r; } char *truncate_nl(char *s) { assert(s); s[strcspn(s, NEWLINE)] = 0; return s; } int get_process_name(pid_t pid, char **name) { char *p; int r; assert(pid >= 1); assert(name); if (asprintf(&p, "/proc/%llu/comm", (unsigned long long) pid) < 0) return -ENOMEM; r = read_one_line_file(p, name); free(p); if (r < 0) return r; truncate_nl(*name); return 0; } char *strappend(const char *s, const char *suffix) { size_t a, b; char *r; assert(s); assert(suffix); a = strlen(s); b = strlen(suffix); if (!(r = new(char, a+b+1))) return NULL; memcpy(r, s, a); memcpy(r+a, suffix, b); r[a+b] = 0; return r; } int readlink_malloc(const char *p, char **r) { size_t l = 100; assert(p); assert(r); for (;;) { char *c; ssize_t n; if (!(c = new(char, l))) return -ENOMEM; if ((n = readlink(p, c, l-1)) < 0) { int ret = -errno; free(c); return ret; } if ((size_t) n < l-1) { c[n] = 0; *r = c; return 0; } free(c); l *= 2; } } int readlink_and_make_absolute(const char *p, char **r) { char *target, *k; int j; assert(p); assert(r); if ((j = readlink_malloc(p, &target)) < 0) return j; k = file_in_same_dir(p, target); free(target); if (!k) return -ENOMEM; *r = k; return 0; } char *file_name_from_path(const char *p) { char *r; assert(p); if ((r = strrchr(p, '/'))) return r + 1; return (char*) p; } bool path_is_absolute(const char *p) { assert(p); return p[0] == '/'; } bool is_path(const char *p) { return !!strchr(p, '/'); } char *path_make_absolute(const char *p, const char *prefix) { char *r; assert(p); /* Makes every item in the list an absolute path by prepending * the prefix, if specified and necessary */ if (path_is_absolute(p) || !prefix) return strdup(p); if (asprintf(&r, "%s/%s", prefix, p) < 0) return NULL; return r; } char *path_make_absolute_cwd(const char *p) { char *cwd, *r; assert(p); /* Similar to path_make_absolute(), but prefixes with the * current working directory. */ if (path_is_absolute(p)) return strdup(p); if (!(cwd = get_current_dir_name())) return NULL; r = path_make_absolute(p, cwd); free(cwd); return r; } char **strv_path_make_absolute_cwd(char **l) { char **s; /* Goes through every item in the string list and makes it * absolute. This works in place and won't rollback any * changes on failure. */ STRV_FOREACH(s, l) { char *t; if (!(t = path_make_absolute_cwd(*s))) return NULL; free(*s); *s = t; } return l; } char **strv_path_canonicalize(char **l) { char **s; unsigned k = 0; bool enomem = false; if (strv_isempty(l)) return l; /* Goes through every item in the string list and canonicalize * the path. This works in place and won't rollback any * changes on failure. */ STRV_FOREACH(s, l) { char *t, *u; t = path_make_absolute_cwd(*s); free(*s); if (!t) { enomem = true; continue; } errno = 0; u = canonicalize_file_name(t); free(t); if (!u) { if (errno == ENOMEM || !errno) enomem = true; continue; } l[k++] = u; } l[k] = NULL; if (enomem) return NULL; return l; } int reset_all_signal_handlers(void) { int sig; for (sig = 1; sig < _NSIG; sig++) { struct sigaction sa; if (sig == SIGKILL || sig == SIGSTOP) continue; zero(sa); sa.sa_handler = SIG_DFL; sa.sa_flags = SA_RESTART; /* On Linux the first two RT signals are reserved by * glibc, and sigaction() will return EINVAL for them. */ if ((sigaction(sig, &sa, NULL) < 0)) if (errno != EINVAL) return -errno; } return 0; } char *strstrip(char *s) { char *e, *l = NULL; /* Drops trailing whitespace. Modifies the string in * place. Returns pointer to first non-space character */ s += strspn(s, WHITESPACE); for (e = s; *e; e++) if (!strchr(WHITESPACE, *e)) l = e; if (l) *(l+1) = 0; else *s = 0; return s; } char *delete_chars(char *s, const char *bad) { char *f, *t; /* Drops all whitespace, regardless where in the string */ for (f = s, t = s; *f; f++) { if (strchr(bad, *f)) continue; *(t++) = *f; } *t = 0; return s; } char *file_in_same_dir(const char *path, const char *filename) { char *e, *r; size_t k; assert(path); assert(filename); /* This removes the last component of path and appends * filename, unless the latter is absolute anyway or the * former isn't */ if (path_is_absolute(filename)) return strdup(filename); if (!(e = strrchr(path, '/'))) return strdup(filename); k = strlen(filename); if (!(r = new(char, e-path+1+k+1))) return NULL; memcpy(r, path, e-path+1); memcpy(r+(e-path)+1, filename, k+1); return r; } int mkdir_parents(const char *path, mode_t mode) { const char *p, *e; assert(path); /* Creates every parent directory in the path except the last * component. */ p = path + strspn(path, "/"); for (;;) { int r; char *t; e = p + strcspn(p, "/"); p = e + strspn(e, "/"); /* Is this the last component? If so, then we're * done */ if (*p == 0) return 0; if (!(t = strndup(path, e - path))) return -ENOMEM; r = mkdir(t, mode); free(t); if (r < 0 && errno != EEXIST) return -errno; } } int mkdir_p(const char *path, mode_t mode) { int r; /* Like mkdir -p */ if ((r = mkdir_parents(path, mode)) < 0) return r; if (mkdir(path, mode) < 0) return -errno; return 0; } char hexchar(int x) { static const char table[16] = "0123456789abcdef"; return table[x & 15]; } int unhexchar(char c) { if (c >= '0' && c <= '9') return c - '0'; if (c >= 'a' && c <= 'f') return c - 'a' + 10; if (c >= 'A' && c <= 'F') return c - 'A' + 10; return -1; } char octchar(int x) { return '0' + (x & 7); } int unoctchar(char c) { if (c >= '0' && c <= '7') return c - '0'; return -1; } char decchar(int x) { return '0' + (x % 10); } int undecchar(char c) { if (c >= '0' && c <= '9') return c - '0'; return -1; } char *cescape(const char *s) { char *r, *t; const char *f; assert(s); /* Does C style string escaping. */ if (!(r = new(char, strlen(s)*4 + 1))) return NULL; for (f = s, t = r; *f; f++) switch (*f) { case '\a': *(t++) = '\\'; *(t++) = 'a'; break; case '\b': *(t++) = '\\'; *(t++) = 'b'; break; case '\f': *(t++) = '\\'; *(t++) = 'f'; break; case '\n': *(t++) = '\\'; *(t++) = 'n'; break; case '\r': *(t++) = '\\'; *(t++) = 'r'; break; case '\t': *(t++) = '\\'; *(t++) = 't'; break; case '\v': *(t++) = '\\'; *(t++) = 'v'; break; case '\\': *(t++) = '\\'; *(t++) = '\\'; break; case '"': *(t++) = '\\'; *(t++) = '"'; break; case '\'': *(t++) = '\\'; *(t++) = '\''; break; default: /* For special chars we prefer octal over * hexadecimal encoding, simply because glib's * g_strescape() does the same */ if ((*f < ' ') || (*f >= 127)) { *(t++) = '\\'; *(t++) = octchar((unsigned char) *f >> 6); *(t++) = octchar((unsigned char) *f >> 3); *(t++) = octchar((unsigned char) *f); } else *(t++) = *f; break; } *t = 0; return r; } char *cunescape(const char *s) { char *r, *t; const char *f; assert(s); /* Undoes C style string escaping */ if (!(r = new(char, strlen(s)+1))) return r; for (f = s, t = r; *f; f++) { if (*f != '\\') { *(t++) = *f; continue; } f++; switch (*f) { case 'a': *(t++) = '\a'; break; case 'b': *(t++) = '\b'; break; case 'f': *(t++) = '\f'; break; case 'n': *(t++) = '\n'; break; case 'r': *(t++) = '\r'; break; case 't': *(t++) = '\t'; break; case 'v': *(t++) = '\v'; break; case '\\': *(t++) = '\\'; break; case '"': *(t++) = '"'; break; case '\'': *(t++) = '\''; break; case 'x': { /* hexadecimal encoding */ int a, b; if ((a = unhexchar(f[1])) < 0 || (b = unhexchar(f[2])) < 0) { /* Invalid escape code, let's take it literal then */ *(t++) = '\\'; *(t++) = 'x'; } else { *(t++) = (char) ((a << 4) | b); f += 2; } break; } case '0': case '1': case '2': case '3': case '4': case '5': case '6': case '7': { /* octal encoding */ int a, b, c; if ((a = unoctchar(f[0])) < 0 || (b = unoctchar(f[1])) < 0 || (c = unoctchar(f[2])) < 0) { /* Invalid escape code, let's take it literal then */ *(t++) = '\\'; *(t++) = f[0]; } else { *(t++) = (char) ((a << 6) | (b << 3) | c); f += 2; } break; } case 0: /* premature end of string.*/ *(t++) = '\\'; goto finish; default: /* Invalid escape code, let's take it literal then */ *(t++) = '\\'; *(t++) = 'f'; break; } } finish: *t = 0; return r; } char *xescape(const char *s, const char *bad) { char *r, *t; const char *f; /* Escapes all chars in bad, in addition to \ and all special * chars, in \xFF style escaping. May be reversed with * cunescape. */ if (!(r = new(char, strlen(s)*4+1))) return NULL; for (f = s, t = r; *f; f++) { if ((*f < ' ') || (*f >= 127) || (*f == '\\') || strchr(bad, *f)) { *(t++) = '\\'; *(t++) = 'x'; *(t++) = hexchar(*f >> 4); *(t++) = hexchar(*f); } else *(t++) = *f; } *t = 0; return r; } char *bus_path_escape(const char *s) { char *r, *t; const char *f; assert(s); /* Escapes all chars that D-Bus' object path cannot deal * with. Can be reverse with bus_path_unescape() */ if (!(r = new(char, strlen(s)*3+1))) return NULL; for (f = s, t = r; *f; f++) { if (!(*f >= 'A' && *f <= 'Z') && !(*f >= 'a' && *f <= 'z') && !(*f >= '0' && *f <= '9')) { *(t++) = '_'; *(t++) = hexchar(*f >> 4); *(t++) = hexchar(*f); } else *(t++) = *f; } *t = 0; return r; } char *bus_path_unescape(const char *f) { char *r, *t; assert(f); if (!(r = strdup(f))) return NULL; for (t = r; *f; f++) { if (*f == '_') { int a, b; if ((a = unhexchar(f[1])) < 0 || (b = unhexchar(f[2])) < 0) { /* Invalid escape code, let's take it literal then */ *(t++) = '_'; } else { *(t++) = (char) ((a << 4) | b); f += 2; } } else *(t++) = *f; } *t = 0; return r; } char *path_kill_slashes(char *path) { char *f, *t; bool slash = false; /* Removes redundant inner and trailing slashes. Modifies the * passed string in-place. * * ///foo///bar/ becomes /foo/bar */ for (f = path, t = path; *f; f++) { if (*f == '/') { slash = true; continue; } if (slash) { slash = false; *(t++) = '/'; } *(t++) = *f; } /* Special rule, if we are talking of the root directory, a trailing slash is good */ if (t == path && slash) *(t++) = '/'; *t = 0; return path; } bool path_startswith(const char *path, const char *prefix) { assert(path); assert(prefix); if ((path[0] == '/') != (prefix[0] == '/')) return false; for (;;) { size_t a, b; path += strspn(path, "/"); prefix += strspn(prefix, "/"); if (*prefix == 0) return true; if (*path == 0) return false; a = strcspn(path, "/"); b = strcspn(prefix, "/"); if (a != b) return false; if (memcmp(path, prefix, a) != 0) return false; path += a; prefix += b; } } bool path_equal(const char *a, const char *b) { assert(a); assert(b); if ((a[0] == '/') != (b[0] == '/')) return false; for (;;) { size_t j, k; a += strspn(a, "/"); b += strspn(b, "/"); if (*a == 0 && *b == 0) return true; if (*a == 0 || *b == 0) return false; j = strcspn(a, "/"); k = strcspn(b, "/"); if (j != k) return false; if (memcmp(a, b, j) != 0) return false; a += j; b += k; } } char *ascii_strlower(char *t) { char *p; assert(t); for (p = t; *p; p++) if (*p >= 'A' && *p <= 'Z') *p = *p - 'A' + 'a'; return t; } bool ignore_file(const char *filename) { assert(filename); return filename[0] == '.' || streq(filename, "lost+found") || endswith(filename, "~") || endswith(filename, ".rpmnew") || endswith(filename, ".rpmsave") || endswith(filename, ".rpmorig") || endswith(filename, ".dpkg-old") || endswith(filename, ".dpkg-new") || endswith(filename, ".swp"); } int fd_nonblock(int fd, bool nonblock) { int flags; assert(fd >= 0); if ((flags = fcntl(fd, F_GETFL, 0)) < 0) return -errno; if (nonblock) flags |= O_NONBLOCK; else flags &= ~O_NONBLOCK; if (fcntl(fd, F_SETFL, flags) < 0) return -errno; return 0; } int fd_cloexec(int fd, bool cloexec) { int flags; assert(fd >= 0); if ((flags = fcntl(fd, F_GETFD, 0)) < 0) return -errno; if (cloexec) flags |= FD_CLOEXEC; else flags &= ~FD_CLOEXEC; if (fcntl(fd, F_SETFD, flags) < 0) return -errno; return 0; } int close_all_fds(const int except[], unsigned n_except) { DIR *d; struct dirent *de; int r = 0; if (!(d = opendir("/proc/self/fd"))) return -errno; while ((de = readdir(d))) { int fd = -1; if (ignore_file(de->d_name)) continue; if ((r = safe_atoi(de->d_name, &fd)) < 0) goto finish; if (fd < 3) continue; if (fd == dirfd(d)) continue; if (except) { bool found; unsigned i; found = false; for (i = 0; i < n_except; i++) if (except[i] == fd) { found = true; break; } if (found) continue; } if ((r = close_nointr(fd)) < 0) { /* Valgrind has its own FD and doesn't want to have it closed */ if (errno != EBADF) goto finish; } } r = 0; finish: closedir(d); return r; } bool chars_intersect(const char *a, const char *b) { const char *p; /* Returns true if any of the chars in a are in b. */ for (p = a; *p; p++) if (strchr(b, *p)) return true; return false; } char *format_timestamp(char *buf, size_t l, usec_t t) { struct tm tm; time_t sec; assert(buf); assert(l > 0); if (t <= 0) return NULL; sec = (time_t) t / USEC_PER_SEC; if (strftime(buf, l, "%a, %d %b %Y %H:%M:%S %z", localtime_r(&sec, &tm)) <= 0) return NULL; return buf; } char *format_timespan(char *buf, size_t l, usec_t t) { static const struct { const char *suffix; usec_t usec; } table[] = { { "w", USEC_PER_WEEK }, { "d", USEC_PER_DAY }, { "h", USEC_PER_HOUR }, { "min", USEC_PER_MINUTE }, { "s", USEC_PER_SEC }, { "ms", USEC_PER_MSEC }, { "us", 1 }, }; unsigned i; char *p = buf; assert(buf); assert(l > 0); if (t == (usec_t) -1) return NULL; /* The result of this function can be parsed with parse_usec */ for (i = 0; i < ELEMENTSOF(table); i++) { int k; size_t n; if (t < table[i].usec) continue; if (l <= 1) break; k = snprintf(p, l, "%s%llu%s", p > buf ? " " : "", (unsigned long long) (t / table[i].usec), table[i].suffix); n = MIN((size_t) k, l); l -= n; p += n; t %= table[i].usec; } *p = 0; return buf; } bool fstype_is_network(const char *fstype) { static const char * const table[] = { "cifs", "smbfs", "ncpfs", "nfs", "nfs4", "gfs", "gfs2" }; unsigned i; for (i = 0; i < ELEMENTSOF(table); i++) if (streq(table[i], fstype)) return true; return false; } int chvt(int vt) { int fd, r = 0; if ((fd = open("/dev/tty0", O_RDWR|O_NOCTTY|O_CLOEXEC)) < 0) return -errno; if (vt < 0) { int tiocl[2] = { TIOCL_GETKMSGREDIRECT, 0 }; if (ioctl(fd, TIOCLINUX, tiocl) < 0) return -errno; vt = tiocl[0] <= 0 ? 1 : tiocl[0]; } if (ioctl(fd, VT_ACTIVATE, vt) < 0) r = -errno; close_nointr_nofail(r); return r; } int read_one_char(FILE *f, char *ret, bool *need_nl) { struct termios old_termios, new_termios; char c; char line[1024]; assert(f); assert(ret); if (tcgetattr(fileno(f), &old_termios) >= 0) { new_termios = old_termios; new_termios.c_lflag &= ~ICANON; new_termios.c_cc[VMIN] = 1; new_termios.c_cc[VTIME] = 0; if (tcsetattr(fileno(f), TCSADRAIN, &new_termios) >= 0) { size_t k; k = fread(&c, 1, 1, f); tcsetattr(fileno(f), TCSADRAIN, &old_termios); if (k <= 0) return -EIO; if (need_nl) *need_nl = c != '\n'; *ret = c; return 0; } } if (!(fgets(line, sizeof(line), f))) return -EIO; truncate_nl(line); if (strlen(line) != 1) return -EBADMSG; if (need_nl) *need_nl = false; *ret = line[0]; return 0; } int ask(char *ret, const char *replies, const char *text, ...) { assert(ret); assert(replies); assert(text); for (;;) { va_list ap; char c; int r; bool need_nl = true; fputs("\x1B[1m", stdout); va_start(ap, text); vprintf(text, ap); va_end(ap); fputs("\x1B[0m", stdout); fflush(stdout); if ((r = read_one_char(stdin, &c, &need_nl)) < 0) { if (r == -EBADMSG) { puts("Bad input, please try again."); continue; } putchar('\n'); return r; } if (need_nl) putchar('\n'); if (strchr(replies, c)) { *ret = c; return 0; } puts("Read unexpected character, please try again."); } } int reset_terminal(int fd) { struct termios termios; int r = 0; assert(fd >= 0); /* Set terminal to some sane defaults */ if (tcgetattr(fd, &termios) < 0) { r = -errno; goto finish; } /* We only reset the stuff that matters to the software. How * hardware is set up we don't touch assuming that somebody * else will do that for us */ termios.c_iflag &= ~(IGNBRK | BRKINT | ISTRIP | INLCR | IGNCR | IUCLC); termios.c_iflag |= ICRNL | IMAXBEL | IUTF8; termios.c_oflag |= ONLCR; termios.c_cflag |= CREAD; termios.c_lflag = ISIG | ICANON | IEXTEN | ECHO | ECHOE | ECHOK | ECHOCTL | ECHOPRT | ECHOKE; termios.c_cc[VINTR] = 03; /* ^C */ termios.c_cc[VQUIT] = 034; /* ^\ */ termios.c_cc[VERASE] = 0177; termios.c_cc[VKILL] = 025; /* ^X */ termios.c_cc[VEOF] = 04; /* ^D */ termios.c_cc[VSTART] = 021; /* ^Q */ termios.c_cc[VSTOP] = 023; /* ^S */ termios.c_cc[VSUSP] = 032; /* ^Z */ termios.c_cc[VLNEXT] = 026; /* ^V */ termios.c_cc[VWERASE] = 027; /* ^W */ termios.c_cc[VREPRINT] = 022; /* ^R */ termios.c_cc[VEOL] = 0; termios.c_cc[VEOL2] = 0; termios.c_cc[VTIME] = 0; termios.c_cc[VMIN] = 1; if (tcsetattr(fd, TCSANOW, &termios) < 0) r = -errno; finish: /* Just in case, flush all crap out */ tcflush(fd, TCIOFLUSH); return r; } int open_terminal(const char *name, int mode) { int fd, r; if ((fd = open(name, mode)) < 0) return -errno; if ((r = isatty(fd)) < 0) { close_nointr_nofail(fd); return -errno; } if (!r) { close_nointr_nofail(fd); return -ENOTTY; } return fd; } int flush_fd(int fd) { struct pollfd pollfd; zero(pollfd); pollfd.fd = fd; pollfd.events = POLLIN; for (;;) { char buf[1024]; ssize_t l; int r; if ((r = poll(&pollfd, 1, 0)) < 0) { if (errno == EINTR) continue; return -errno; } if (r == 0) return 0; if ((l = read(fd, buf, sizeof(buf))) < 0) { if (errno == EINTR) continue; if (errno == EAGAIN) return 0; return -errno; } if (l <= 0) return 0; } } int acquire_terminal(const char *name, bool fail, bool force, bool ignore_tiocstty_eperm) { int fd = -1, notify = -1, r, wd = -1; assert(name); /* We use inotify to be notified when the tty is closed. We * create the watch before checking if we can actually acquire * it, so that we don't lose any event. * * Note: strictly speaking this actually watches for the * device being closed, it does *not* really watch whether a * tty loses its controlling process. However, unless some * rogue process uses TIOCNOTTY on /dev/tty *after* closing * its tty otherwise this will not become a problem. As long * as the administrator makes sure not configure any service * on the same tty as an untrusted user this should not be a * problem. (Which he probably should not do anyway.) */ if (!fail && !force) { if ((notify = inotify_init1(IN_CLOEXEC)) < 0) { r = -errno; goto fail; } if ((wd = inotify_add_watch(notify, name, IN_CLOSE)) < 0) { r = -errno; goto fail; } } for (;;) { if (notify >= 0) if ((r = flush_fd(notify)) < 0) goto fail; /* We pass here O_NOCTTY only so that we can check the return * value TIOCSCTTY and have a reliable way to figure out if we * successfully became the controlling process of the tty */ if ((fd = open_terminal(name, O_RDWR|O_NOCTTY)) < 0) return -errno; /* First, try to get the tty */ r = ioctl(fd, TIOCSCTTY, force); /* Sometimes it makes sense to ignore TIOCSCTTY * returning EPERM, i.e. when very likely we already * are have this controlling terminal. */ if (r < 0 && errno == EPERM && ignore_tiocstty_eperm) r = 0; if (r < 0 && (force || fail || errno != EPERM)) { r = -errno; goto fail; } if (r >= 0) break; assert(!fail); assert(!force); assert(notify >= 0); for (;;) { struct inotify_event e; ssize_t l; if ((l = read(notify, &e, sizeof(e))) != sizeof(e)) { if (l < 0) { if (errno == EINTR) continue; r = -errno; } else r = -EIO; goto fail; } if (e.wd != wd || !(e.mask & IN_CLOSE)) { r = -errno; goto fail; } break; } /* We close the tty fd here since if the old session * ended our handle will be dead. It's important that * we do this after sleeping, so that we don't enter * an endless loop. */ close_nointr_nofail(fd); } if (notify >= 0) close_nointr_nofail(notify); if ((r = reset_terminal(fd)) < 0) log_warning("Failed to reset terminal: %s", strerror(-r)); return fd; fail: if (fd >= 0) close_nointr_nofail(fd); if (notify >= 0) close_nointr_nofail(notify); return r; } int release_terminal(void) { int r = 0, fd; struct sigaction sa_old, sa_new; if ((fd = open("/dev/tty", O_RDWR|O_NOCTTY|O_NDELAY)) < 0) return -errno; /* Temporarily ignore SIGHUP, so that we don't get SIGHUP'ed * by our own TIOCNOTTY */ zero(sa_new); sa_new.sa_handler = SIG_IGN; sa_new.sa_flags = SA_RESTART; assert_se(sigaction(SIGHUP, &sa_new, &sa_old) == 0); if (ioctl(fd, TIOCNOTTY) < 0) r = -errno; assert_se(sigaction(SIGHUP, &sa_old, NULL) == 0); close_nointr_nofail(fd); return r; } int sigaction_many(const struct sigaction *sa, ...) { va_list ap; int r = 0, sig; va_start(ap, sa); while ((sig = va_arg(ap, int)) > 0) if (sigaction(sig, sa, NULL) < 0) r = -errno; va_end(ap); return r; } int ignore_signals(int sig, ...) { struct sigaction sa; va_list ap; int r = 0; zero(sa); sa.sa_handler = SIG_IGN; sa.sa_flags = SA_RESTART; if (sigaction(sig, &sa, NULL) < 0) r = -errno; va_start(ap, sig); while ((sig = va_arg(ap, int)) > 0) if (sigaction(sig, &sa, NULL) < 0) r = -errno; va_end(ap); return r; } int default_signals(int sig, ...) { struct sigaction sa; va_list ap; int r = 0; zero(sa); sa.sa_handler = SIG_DFL; sa.sa_flags = SA_RESTART; if (sigaction(sig, &sa, NULL) < 0) r = -errno; va_start(ap, sig); while ((sig = va_arg(ap, int)) > 0) if (sigaction(sig, &sa, NULL) < 0) r = -errno; va_end(ap); return r; } int close_pipe(int p[]) { int a = 0, b = 0; assert(p); if (p[0] >= 0) { a = close_nointr(p[0]); p[0] = -1; } if (p[1] >= 0) { b = close_nointr(p[1]); p[1] = -1; } return a < 0 ? a : b; } ssize_t loop_read(int fd, void *buf, size_t nbytes) { uint8_t *p; ssize_t n = 0; assert(fd >= 0); assert(buf); p = buf; while (nbytes > 0) { ssize_t k; if ((k = read(fd, p, nbytes)) <= 0) { if (errno == EINTR) continue; if (errno == EAGAIN) { struct pollfd pollfd; zero(pollfd); pollfd.fd = fd; pollfd.events = POLLIN; if (poll(&pollfd, 1, -1) < 0) { if (errno == EINTR) continue; return n > 0 ? n : -errno; } if (pollfd.revents != POLLIN) return n > 0 ? n : -EIO; continue; } return n > 0 ? n : (k < 0 ? -errno : 0); } p += k; nbytes -= k; n += k; } return n; } int path_is_mount_point(const char *t) { struct stat a, b; char *copy; if (lstat(t, &a) < 0) { if (errno == ENOENT) return 0; return -errno; } if (!(copy = strdup(t))) return -ENOMEM; if (lstat(dirname(copy), &b) < 0) { free(copy); return -errno; } free(copy); return a.st_dev != b.st_dev; } int parse_usec(const char *t, usec_t *usec) { static const struct { const char *suffix; usec_t usec; } table[] = { { "sec", USEC_PER_SEC }, { "s", USEC_PER_SEC }, { "min", USEC_PER_MINUTE }, { "hr", USEC_PER_HOUR }, { "h", USEC_PER_HOUR }, { "d", USEC_PER_DAY }, { "w", USEC_PER_WEEK }, { "msec", USEC_PER_MSEC }, { "ms", USEC_PER_MSEC }, { "m", USEC_PER_MINUTE }, { "usec", 1ULL }, { "us", 1ULL }, { "", USEC_PER_SEC }, }; const char *p; usec_t r = 0; assert(t); assert(usec); p = t; do { long long l; char *e; unsigned i; errno = 0; l = strtoll(p, &e, 10); if (errno != 0) return -errno; if (l < 0) return -ERANGE; if (e == p) return -EINVAL; e += strspn(e, WHITESPACE); for (i = 0; i < ELEMENTSOF(table); i++) if (startswith(e, table[i].suffix)) { r += (usec_t) l * table[i].usec; p = e + strlen(table[i].suffix); break; } if (i >= ELEMENTSOF(table)) return -EINVAL; } while (*p != 0); *usec = r; return 0; } int make_stdio(int fd) { int r, s, t; assert(fd >= 0); r = dup2(fd, STDIN_FILENO); s = dup2(fd, STDOUT_FILENO); t = dup2(fd, STDERR_FILENO); if (fd >= 3) close_nointr_nofail(fd); if (r < 0 || s < 0 || t < 0) return -errno; return 0; } bool is_clean_exit(int code, int status) { if (code == CLD_EXITED) return status == 0; /* If a daemon does not implement handlers for some of the * signals that's not considered an unclean shutdown */ if (code == CLD_KILLED) return status == SIGHUP || status == SIGINT || status == SIGTERM || status == SIGPIPE; return false; } bool is_device_path(const char *path) { /* Returns true on paths that refer to a device, either in * sysfs or in /dev */ return path_startswith(path, "/dev/") || path_startswith(path, "/sys/"); } int dir_is_empty(const char *path) { DIR *d; int r; struct dirent buf, *de; if (!(d = opendir(path))) return -errno; for (;;) { if ((r = readdir_r(d, &buf, &de)) > 0) { r = -r; break; } if (!de) { r = 1; break; } if (!ignore_file(de->d_name)) { r = 0; break; } } closedir(d); return r; } unsigned long long random_ull(void) { int fd; uint64_t ull; ssize_t r; if ((fd = open("/dev/urandom", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC|O_NOCTTY)) < 0) goto fallback; r = loop_read(fd, &ull, sizeof(ull)); close_nointr_nofail(fd); if (r != sizeof(ull)) goto fallback; return ull; fallback: return random() * RAND_MAX + random(); } void rename_process(const char name[8]) { assert(name); prctl(PR_SET_NAME, name); /* This is a like a poor man's setproctitle(). The string * passed should fit in 7 chars (i.e. the length of * "systemd") */ if (program_invocation_name) strncpy(program_invocation_name, name, strlen(program_invocation_name)); } static const char *const ioprio_class_table[] = { [IOPRIO_CLASS_NONE] = "none", [IOPRIO_CLASS_RT] = "realtime", [IOPRIO_CLASS_BE] = "best-effort", [IOPRIO_CLASS_IDLE] = "idle" }; DEFINE_STRING_TABLE_LOOKUP(ioprio_class, int); static const char *const sigchld_code_table[] = { [CLD_EXITED] = "exited", [CLD_KILLED] = "killed", [CLD_DUMPED] = "dumped", [CLD_TRAPPED] = "trapped", [CLD_STOPPED] = "stopped", [CLD_CONTINUED] = "continued", }; DEFINE_STRING_TABLE_LOOKUP(sigchld_code, int); static const char *const log_facility_table[LOG_NFACILITIES] = { [LOG_FAC(LOG_KERN)] = "kern", [LOG_FAC(LOG_USER)] = "user", [LOG_FAC(LOG_MAIL)] = "mail", [LOG_FAC(LOG_DAEMON)] = "daemon", [LOG_FAC(LOG_AUTH)] = "auth", [LOG_FAC(LOG_SYSLOG)] = "syslog", [LOG_FAC(LOG_LPR)] = "lpr", [LOG_FAC(LOG_NEWS)] = "news", [LOG_FAC(LOG_UUCP)] = "uucp", [LOG_FAC(LOG_CRON)] = "cron", [LOG_FAC(LOG_AUTHPRIV)] = "authpriv", [LOG_FAC(LOG_FTP)] = "ftp", [LOG_FAC(LOG_LOCAL0)] = "local0", [LOG_FAC(LOG_LOCAL1)] = "local1", [LOG_FAC(LOG_LOCAL2)] = "local2", [LOG_FAC(LOG_LOCAL3)] = "local3", [LOG_FAC(LOG_LOCAL4)] = "local4", [LOG_FAC(LOG_LOCAL5)] = "local5", [LOG_FAC(LOG_LOCAL6)] = "local6", [LOG_FAC(LOG_LOCAL7)] = "local7" }; DEFINE_STRING_TABLE_LOOKUP(log_facility, int); static const char *const log_level_table[] = { [LOG_EMERG] = "emerg", [LOG_ALERT] = "alert", [LOG_CRIT] = "crit", [LOG_ERR] = "err", [LOG_WARNING] = "warning", [LOG_NOTICE] = "notice", [LOG_INFO] = "info", [LOG_DEBUG] = "debug" }; DEFINE_STRING_TABLE_LOOKUP(log_level, int); static const char* const sched_policy_table[] = { [SCHED_OTHER] = "other", [SCHED_BATCH] = "batch", [SCHED_IDLE] = "idle", [SCHED_FIFO] = "fifo", [SCHED_RR] = "rr" }; DEFINE_STRING_TABLE_LOOKUP(sched_policy, int); static const char* const rlimit_table[] = { [RLIMIT_CPU] = "LimitCPU", [RLIMIT_FSIZE] = "LimitFSIZE", [RLIMIT_DATA] = "LimitDATA", [RLIMIT_STACK] = "LimitSTACK", [RLIMIT_CORE] = "LimitCORE", [RLIMIT_RSS] = "LimitRSS", [RLIMIT_NOFILE] = "LimitNOFILE", [RLIMIT_AS] = "LimitAS", [RLIMIT_NPROC] = "LimitNPROC", [RLIMIT_MEMLOCK] = "LimitMEMLOCK", [RLIMIT_LOCKS] = "LimitLOCKS", [RLIMIT_SIGPENDING] = "LimitSIGPENDING", [RLIMIT_MSGQUEUE] = "LimitMSGQUEUE", [RLIMIT_NICE] = "LimitNICE", [RLIMIT_RTPRIO] = "LimitRTPRIO", [RLIMIT_RTTIME] = "LimitRTTIME" }; DEFINE_STRING_TABLE_LOOKUP(rlimit, int);