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<?xml version='1.0'?> <!--*-nxml-*-->
<?xml-stylesheet type="text/xsl" href="http://docbook.sourceforge.net/release/xsl/current/xhtml/docbook.xsl"?>
<!DOCTYPE refentry PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.2//EN"
"http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.2/docbookx.dtd">
<!--
This file is part of systemd.
Copyright 2010 Lennart Poettering
systemd is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
(at your option) any later version.
systemd is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but
WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU
General Public License for more details.
You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
along with systemd; If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
-->
<refentry id="os-release">
<refentryinfo>
<title>os-release</title>
<productname>systemd</productname>
<authorgroup>
<author>
<contrib>Developer</contrib>
<firstname>Lennart</firstname>
<surname>Poettering</surname>
<email>lennart@poettering.net</email>
</author>
</authorgroup>
</refentryinfo>
<refmeta>
<refentrytitle>os-release</refentrytitle>
<manvolnum>5</manvolnum>
</refmeta>
<refnamediv>
<refname>os-release</refname>
<refpurpose>Operating system identification</refpurpose>
</refnamediv>
<refsynopsisdiv>
<para><filename>/etc/os-release</filename></para>
</refsynopsisdiv>
<refsect1>
<title>Description</title>
<para>The <filename>/etc/os-release</filename> file
contains operating system identification data.</para>
<para>The basic file format of
<filename>os-release</filename> is a newline-separated
list of environment-like shell-compatible variable
assignments. It is possible to source the
configuration from shell scripts, however, beyond mere
variable assignments no shell features are supported
(this means variable expansion is explicitly not
supported), allowing applications to read the file
without implementing a shell compatible execution
engine. Variable assignment values should be enclosed
in double or single quotes if they include spaces,
semicolons or other special characters outside of A-Z,
a-z, 0-9. All strings should be in UTF-8 format, and
non-printable characters should not be used. If double
or single quotes or backslashes are to be used within
variable assignments they should be escaped with
backslashes, following shell style. It is not
supported to concatenate multiple individually quoted
strings. Lines beginning with "#" shall be ignored as
comments.</para>
<para><filename>/etc/os-release</filename> contains
data that is defined by the operating system vendor
and should not be changed by the administrator.</para>
<para>As this file only encodes names and identifiers
it should not be localized.</para>
<para>For a longer rationale for
<filename>/etc/os-release</filename> please refer to
the <ulink
url="http://0pointer.de/blog/projects/os-release">Announcement of <filename>/etc/os-release</filename></ulink>.</para>
</refsect1>
<refsect1>
<title>Options</title>
<para>The following OS identifications parameters may be set using
<filename>/etc/os-release</filename>:</para>
<variablelist>
<varlistentry>
<term><varname>NAME=</varname></term>
<listitem><para>A string identifying
the operating system, without a
version component, and suitable for
presentation to the user. If not set
defaults to
<literal>NAME=Linux</literal>. Example:
<literal>NAME=Fedora</literal> or
<literal>NAME="Debian
GNU/Linux"</literal>.</para></listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry>
<term><varname>VERSION=</varname></term>
<listitem><para>A string identifying
the operating system version,
excluding any OS name information,
possibly including a release code
name, and suitable for presentation to
the user. This field is
optional. Example:
<literal>VERSION=17</literal> or
<literal>VERSION="17 (Beefy
Miracle)"</literal>.</para></listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry>
<term><varname>ID=</varname></term>
<listitem><para>A lower-case string
(no spaces or other characters outside
of 0-9, a-z, ".", "_" and "-")
identifying the operating system,
excluding any version information and
suitable for processing by scripts or
usage in generated file names. If not
set defaults to
<literal>ID=linux</literal>. Example:
<literal>ID=fedora</literal> or
<literal>ID=debian</literal>.</para></listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry>
<term><varname>VERSION_ID=</varname></term>
<listitem><para>A lower-case string
(mostly numeric, no spaces or other
characters outside of 0-9, a-z, ".",
"_" and "-") identifying the operating
system version, excluding any OS name
information or release code name, and
suitable for processing by scripts or
usage in generated file names. This
field is optional. Example:
<literal>VERSION_ID=17</literal> or
<literal>VERSION_ID=11.04</literal>.</para></listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry>
<term><varname>PRETTY_NAME=</varname></term>
<listitem><para>A pretty operating
system name in a format suitable for
presentation to the user. May or may
not contain a release code name or OS
version of some kind, as suitable. If
not set defaults to
<literal>PRETTY_NAME="Linux"</literal>. Example:
<literal>PRETTY_NAME="Fedora 17 (Beefy
Miracle)"</literal>.</para></listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry>
<term><varname>ANSI_COLOR=</varname></term>
<listitem><para>A suggested
presentation color when showing the
distribution name on the console. This
should be specified as string suitable
for inclusion in the ESC [ m
ANSI/ECMA-48 escape code for setting
graphical rendition. This field is
optional. Example:
<literal>ANSI_COLOR="0;31"</literal>
for red, or
<literal>ANSI_COLOR="1;34"</literal>
for light blue.</para></listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry>
<term><varname>CPE_NAME=</varname></term>
<listitem><para>A CPE name for the
operating system, following the <ulink
url="http://cpe.mitre.org/specification/">Common
Platform Enumeration
Specification</ulink> as proposed by
the MITRE Corporation. This field
is optional. Example:
<literal>CPE_NAME="cpe:/o:fedoraproject:fedora:17"</literal>
</para></listitem>
</varlistentry>
</variablelist>
<para>If you are reading this file from C code or a
shell script to determine the OS or a specific version
of it, use the ID and VERSION_ID fields. When looking
for an OS identification string for presentation to
the user use the PRETTY_NAME field.</para>
<para>Note that operating system vendors may choose
not to provide version information, for example to
accommodate for rolling releases. In this case VERSION
and VERSION_ID may be unset. Applications should not
rely on these fields to be set.</para>
</refsect1>
<refsect1>
<title>Example</title>
<programlisting>NAME=Fedora
VERSION="17 (Beefy Miracle)"
ID=fedora
VERSION_ID=17
PRETTY_NAME="Fedora 17 (Beefy Miracle)"
ANSI_COLOR="0;34"
CPE_NAME="cpe:/o:fedoraproject:fedora:17"</programlisting>
</refsect1>
<refsect1>
<title>See Also</title>
<para>
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>lsb_release</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>hostname</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>machine-id</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>machine-info</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>
</para>
</refsect1>
</refentry>
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