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<?xml version='1.0'?> <!--*-nxml-*-->
<!DOCTYPE refentry PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.2//EN"
"http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.2/docbookx.dtd">
<!--
This file is part of systemd.
Copyright 2013 Zbigniew Jędrzejewski-Szmek
systemd is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as published by
the Free Software Foundation; either version 2.1 of the License, or
(at your option) any later version.
systemd is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but
WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU
Lesser General Public License for more details.
You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public License
along with systemd; If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
-->
<refentry id="systemd-run"
xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude">
<refentryinfo>
<title>systemd-run</title>
<productname>systemd</productname>
<authorgroup>
<author>
<contrib>Developer</contrib>
<firstname>Lennart</firstname>
<surname>Poettering</surname>
<email>lennart@poettering.net</email>
</author>
</authorgroup>
</refentryinfo>
<refmeta>
<refentrytitle>systemd-run</refentrytitle>
<manvolnum>1</manvolnum>
</refmeta>
<refnamediv>
<refname>systemd-run</refname>
<refpurpose>Run programs in transient scope or service units</refpurpose>
</refnamediv>
<refsynopsisdiv>
<cmdsynopsis>
<command>systemd-run</command>
<arg choice="opt" rep="repeat">OPTIONS</arg>
<arg choice="plain"><replaceable>COMMAND</replaceable>
<arg choice="opt" rep="repeat">ARGS</arg>
</arg>
</cmdsynopsis>
</refsynopsisdiv>
<refsect1>
<title>Description</title>
<para><command>systemd-run</command> may be used to create and start
a transient <filename>.service</filename> or a
<filename>.scope</filename> unit and run the specified
<replaceable>COMMAND</replaceable> in it.</para>
<para>If a command is run as transient service unit, it will be
started and managed by the service manager like any other service,
and thus show up in the output of <command>systemctl
list-units</command> like any other unit. It will run in a clean
and detached execution environment. <command>systemd-run</command>
will start the service asynchronously in the background and
immediately return.</para>
<para>If a command is run as transient scope unit, it will be
started directly by <command>systemd-run</command> and thus
inherit the execution environment of the caller. It is however
managed by the service manager similar to normal services, and
will also show up in the output of <command>systemctl
list-units</command>. Execution in this case is synchronous, and
execution will return only when the command finishes.</para>
</refsect1>
<refsect1>
<title>Options</title>
<para>The following options are understood:</para>
<variablelist>
<varlistentry>
<term><option>--scope</option></term>
<listitem>
<para>Create a transient <filename>.scope</filename> unit instead of
the default transient <filename>.service</filename> unit.
</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry>
<term><option>--unit=</option></term>
<listitem><para>Use this unit name instead of an automatically
generated one.</para></listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry>
<term><option>--description=</option></term>
<listitem><para>Provide description for the unit. If not
specified, the command itself will be used as a description.
See <varname>Description=</varname> in
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd.unit</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>.
</para></listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry>
<term><option>--slice=</option></term>
<listitem><para>Make the new <filename>.service</filename> or
<filename>.scope</filename> unit part of the specified slice,
instead of the <filename>system.slice</filename>.</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry>
<term><option>--remain-after-exit</option></term>
<listitem><para>After the service's process has terminated, keep
the service around until it is explicitly stopped. This is
useful to collect runtime information about the service after
it finished running. Also see
<varname>RemainAfterExit=</varname> in
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd.service</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>.
</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry>
<term><option>--send-sighup</option></term>
<listitem><para>When terminating the scope unit, send a SIGHUP
immediately after SIGTERM. This is useful to indicate to
shells and shell-like processes that the connection has been
severed. Also see <varname>SendSIGHUP=</varname> in
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd.kill</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>.
</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
<xi:include href="user-system-options.xml" xpointer="user" />
<xi:include href="user-system-options.xml" xpointer="system" />
<xi:include href="user-system-options.xml" xpointer="host" />
<xi:include href="user-system-options.xml" xpointer="machine" />
<xi:include href="standard-options.xml" xpointer="help" />
<xi:include href="standard-options.xml" xpointer="version" />
</variablelist>
<para>All command-line arguments after the first non-option
argument become part of the commandline of the launched
process. If a command is run as service unit, its first argument
needs to be an absolute binary path.</para>
</refsect1>
<refsect1>
<title>Exit status</title>
<para>On success, 0 is returned, a non-zero failure
code otherwise.</para>
</refsect1>
<refsect1>
<title>Example</title>
<para>The following command will log the environment variables
provided by systemd to services:</para>
<programlisting># systemd-run env
Running as unit run-19945.service.
# journalctl -u run-19945.service
Sep 08 07:37:21 bupkis systemd[1]: Starting /usr/bin/env...
Sep 08 07:37:21 bupkis systemd[1]: Started /usr/bin/env.
Sep 08 07:37:21 bupkis env[19948]: PATH=/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin
Sep 08 07:37:21 bupkis env[19948]: LANG=en_US.UTF-8
Sep 08 07:37:21 bupkis env[19948]: BOOT_IMAGE=/vmlinuz-3.11.0-0.rc5.git6.2.fc20.x86_64</programlisting>
</refsect1>
<refsect1>
<title>See Also</title>
<para>
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemctl</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd.unit</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd.service</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd.scope</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd.slice</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>machinectl</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>
</para>
</refsect1>
</refentry>
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