summaryrefslogtreecommitdiff
path: root/man/systemd.unit.xml
blob: 4437510df7c08fcba821aba97416df3e50ee5ff7 (plain)
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
142
143
144
145
146
147
148
149
150
151
152
153
154
155
156
157
158
159
160
161
162
163
164
165
166
167
168
169
170
171
172
173
174
175
176
177
178
179
180
181
182
183
184
185
186
187
188
189
190
191
192
193
194
195
196
197
198
199
200
201
202
203
204
205
206
207
208
209
210
211
212
213
214
215
216
217
218
219
220
221
222
223
224
225
226
227
228
229
230
231
232
233
234
235
236
237
238
239
240
241
242
243
244
245
246
247
248
249
250
251
252
253
254
255
256
257
258
259
260
261
262
263
264
265
266
267
268
269
270
271
272
273
274
275
276
277
278
279
280
281
282
283
284
285
286
287
288
289
290
291
292
293
294
295
296
297
298
299
300
301
302
303
304
305
306
307
308
309
310
311
312
313
314
315
316
317
318
319
320
321
322
323
324
325
326
327
328
329
330
331
332
333
334
335
336
337
338
339
340
341
342
343
344
345
346
347
348
349
350
351
352
353
354
355
356
357
358
359
360
361
362
363
364
365
366
367
368
369
370
371
372
373
374
375
376
377
378
379
380
381
382
383
384
385
386
387
388
389
390
391
392
393
394
395
396
397
398
399
400
401
402
403
404
405
406
407
408
409
410
411
412
413
414
415
416
417
418
419
420
421
422
423
424
425
426
427
428
429
430
431
432
433
434
435
436
437
438
439
440
441
442
443
444
445
446
447
448
449
450
451
452
453
454
455
456
457
458
459
460
461
462
463
464
465
466
467
468
469
470
471
472
473
474
475
476
477
478
479
480
481
482
483
484
485
486
487
488
489
490
491
492
493
494
495
496
497
498
499
500
501
502
503
504
505
506
507
508
509
510
511
512
513
514
515
516
517
518
519
520
521
522
523
524
525
526
527
528
529
530
531
532
533
534
535
536
537
538
539
540
541
542
543
544
545
546
547
548
549
550
551
552
553
554
555
556
557
558
559
560
561
562
563
564
565
566
567
568
569
570
571
572
573
574
575
576
577
578
579
580
581
582
583
584
585
586
587
588
589
590
591
592
593
594
595
596
597
598
599
600
601
602
603
604
605
606
607
608
609
610
611
612
613
614
615
616
617
618
619
620
621
622
623
624
625
626
627
628
629
630
631
632
633
634
635
636
637
638
639
640
641
642
643
644
645
646
647
648
649
650
651
652
653
654
655
656
657
658
659
660
661
662
663
664
665
666
667
668
669
670
671
672
673
674
675
676
677
678
679
680
681
682
683
684
685
686
687
688
689
690
691
692
693
694
695
696
697
698
699
700
701
702
703
704
705
706
707
708
709
710
711
712
713
714
715
716
717
718
719
720
721
722
723
724
725
726
727
728
729
730
731
732
733
734
735
736
737
738
739
740
741
742
743
744
745
746
747
748
749
750
751
752
753
754
755
756
757
758
759
760
761
762
763
764
765
766
767
768
769
770
771
772
773
774
775
776
777
778
779
780
781
782
783
784
785
786
787
788
789
790
791
792
793
794
795
796
797
798
799
800
801
802
803
804
805
806
807
808
809
810
811
812
813
814
815
816
817
818
819
820
821
822
823
824
825
826
827
828
829
830
831
832
833
834
835
836
837
838
839
840
841
842
843
844
845
846
847
848
849
850
851
852
853
854
855
856
857
858
859
860
861
862
863
864
865
866
867
868
869
870
871
872
873
874
875
876
877
878
879
880
881
882
883
884
885
886
887
888
889
890
891
892
893
894
895
896
897
898
899
900
901
902
903
904
905
906
907
908
909
910
911
912
913
914
915
916
917
918
919
920
<?xml version='1.0'?> <!--*-nxml-*-->
<!DOCTYPE refentry PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.2//EN"
        "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.2/docbookx.dtd">

<!--
  This file is part of systemd.

  Copyright 2010 Lennart Poettering

  systemd is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
  under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
  the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
  (at your option) any later version.

  systemd is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but
  WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
  MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU
  General Public License for more details.

  You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
  along with systemd; If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
-->

<refentry id="systemd.unit">

        <refentryinfo>
                <title>systemd.unit</title>
                <productname>systemd</productname>

                <authorgroup>
                        <author>
                                <contrib>Developer</contrib>
                                <firstname>Lennart</firstname>
                                <surname>Poettering</surname>
                                <email>lennart@poettering.net</email>
                        </author>
                </authorgroup>
        </refentryinfo>

        <refmeta>
                <refentrytitle>systemd.unit</refentrytitle>
                <manvolnum>5</manvolnum>
        </refmeta>

        <refnamediv>
                <refname>systemd.unit</refname>
                <refpurpose>systemd unit configuration files</refpurpose>
        </refnamediv>

        <refsynopsisdiv>
                <para><filename>systemd.service</filename>,
                <filename>systemd.socket</filename>,
                <filename>systemd.device</filename>,
                <filename>systemd.mount</filename>,
                <filename>systemd.automount</filename>,
                <filename>systemd.swap</filename>,
                <filename>systemd.target</filename>,
                <filename>systemd.path</filename>,
                <filename>systemd.timer</filename>,
                <filename>systemd.snapshot</filename></para>
        </refsynopsisdiv>

        <refsect1>
                <title>Description</title>

                <para>A unit configuration file encodes information
                about a service, a socket, a device, a mount point, an
                automount point, a swap file or partition, a start-up
                target, a file system path or a timer controlled and
                supervised by
                <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>. The
                syntax is inspired by <ulink
                url="http://standards.freedesktop.org/desktop-entry-spec/latest/">XDG
                Desktop Entry Specification</ulink> <filename>.desktop</filename> files, which are in turn
                inspired by Microsoft Windows
                <filename>.ini</filename> files.</para>

                <para>This man pages lists the common configuration
                options of all the unit types. These options need to
                be configured in the [Unit] resp. [Install]
                section of the unit files.</para>

                <para>In addition to the generic [Unit] and [Install]
                sections described here, each unit should have a
                type-specific section, e.g. [Service] for a service
                unit. See the respective man pages for more
                information.</para>

                <para>Unit files may contain additional options on top
                of those listed here. If systemd encounters an unknown
                option it will write a warning log message but
                continue loading the unit. If an option is prefixed
                with <option>X-</option> it is ignored completely by
                systemd. Applications may use this to include
                additional information in the unit files.</para>

                <para>Boolean arguments used in unit files can be
                written in various formats. For positive settings the
                strings <option>1</option>, <option>yes</option>,
                <option>true</option> and <option>on</option> are
                equivalent. For negative settings the strings
                <option>0</option>, <option>no</option>,
                <option>false</option> and <option>off</option> are
                equivalent.</para>

                <para>Time span values encoded in unit files can be
                written in various formats. A stand-alone number
                specifies a time in seconds. If suffixed with a time
                unit, the unit is honored. A concatenation of
                multiple values with units is supported, in which case
                the values are added up. Example: "50" refers to 50
                seconds; "2min 200ms" refers to 2 minutes plus 200
                milliseconds, i.e. 120200ms. The following time units
                are understood: s, min, h, d, w, ms, us.</para>

                <para>Empty lines and lines starting with # or ; are
                ignored. This may be used for commenting. Lines ending
                in a backslash are concatenated with the following
                line while reading and the backslash is replaced by a
                space character. This may be used to wrap long lines.</para>

                <para>If a line starts with <option>.include</option>
                followed by a file name, the specified file will be
                read as if its contents were listed in place of the
                <option>.include</option> directive.</para>

                <para>Along with a unit file
                <filename>foo.service</filename> a directory
                <filename>foo.service.wants/</filename> may exist. All
                units symlinked from such a directory are implicitly
                added as dependencies of type
                <varname>Wanted=</varname> to the unit. This is useful
                to hook units into the start-up of other units,
                without having to modify their unit configuration
                files. For details about the semantics of
                <varname>Wanted=</varname> see below. The preferred
                way to create symlinks in the
                <filename>.wants/</filename> directory of a service is
                with the <command>enable</command> command of the
                <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemctl</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>
                tool which reads information from the [Install]
                section of unit files. (See below.) A similar
                functionality exists for <varname>Requires=</varname>
                type dependencies as well, the directory suffix is
                <filename>.requires/</filename> in this case.</para>

                <para>Note that while systemd offers a flexible
                dependency system between units it is recommended to
                use this functionality only sparsely and instead rely
                on techniques such as bus-based or socket-based
                activation which makes dependencies implicit, which
                both results in a simpler and more flexible
                system.</para>

                <para>Some unit names reflect paths existing in the
                file system name space. Example: a device unit
                <filename>dev-sda.device</filename> refers to a device
                with the device node <filename>/dev/sda</filename> in
                the file system namespace. If this applies a special
                way to escape the path name is used, so that the
                result is usable as part of a file name. Basically,
                given a path, "/" is replaced by "-", and all
                unprintable characters and the "-" are replaced by
                C-style "\x20" escapes. The root directory "/" is
                encoded as single dash, while otherwise the initial
                and ending "/" is removed from all paths during
                transformation. This escaping is reversible.</para>

                <para>Optionally, units may be instantiated from a
                template file at runtime. This allows creation of
                multiple units from a single configuration file. If
                systemd looks for a unit configuration file it will
                first search for the literal unit name in the
                filesystem. If that yields no success and the unit
                name contains an @ character, systemd will look for a
                unit template that shares the same name but with the
                instance string (i.e. the part between the @ character
                and the suffix) removed. Example: if a service
                <filename>getty@tty3.service</filename> is requested
                and no file by that name is found, systemd will look
                for <filename>getty@.service</filename> and
                instantiate a service from that configuration file if
                it is found.</para>

                <para>To refer to the instance string from
                within the configuration file you may use the special
                <literal>%i</literal> specifier in many of the
                configuration options. Other specifiers exist, the
                full list is:</para>

                <table>
                  <title>Specifiers available in unit files</title>
                  <tgroup cols='3' align='left' colsep='1' rowsep='1'>
                    <colspec colname="spec" />
                    <colspec colname="mean" />
                    <colspec colname="detail" />
                    <thead>
                      <row>
                        <entry>Specifier</entry>
                        <entry>Meaning</entry>
                        <entry>Details</entry>
                      </row>
                    </thead>
                    <tbody>
                      <row>
                        <entry><literal>%n</literal></entry>
                        <entry>Full unit name</entry>
                        <entry></entry>
                      </row>
                      <row>
                        <entry><literal>%N</literal></entry>
                        <entry>Unescaped full unit name</entry>
                        <entry></entry>
                      </row>
                      <row>
                        <entry><literal>%p</literal></entry>
                        <entry>Prefix name</entry>
                        <entry>This refers to the string before the @, i.e. "getty" in the example above, where "tty3" is the instance name.</entry>
                      </row>
                      <row>
                        <entry><literal>%P</literal></entry>
                        <entry>Unescaped prefix name</entry>
                        <entry></entry>
                      </row>
                      <row>
                        <entry><literal>%i</literal></entry>
                        <entry>Instance name</entry>
                        <entry>This is the string between the @ character and the suffix.</entry>
                      </row>
                      <row>
                        <entry><literal>%I</literal></entry>
                        <entry>Unescaped instance name</entry>
                        <entry></entry>
                      </row>
                      <row>
                        <entry><literal>%f</literal></entry>
                        <entry>Unescaped file name</entry>
                        <entry>This is either the unescaped instance name (if set) with / prepended (if necessary), or the prefix name similarly prepended with /.</entry>
                      </row>
                      <row>
                        <entry><literal>%c</literal></entry>
                        <entry>Control group path of the unit</entry>
                        <entry></entry>
                      </row>
                      <row>
                        <entry><literal>%r</literal></entry>
                        <entry>Root control group path of systemd</entry>
                        <entry></entry>
                      </row>
                      <row>
                        <entry><literal>%R</literal></entry>
                        <entry>Parent directory of the root control group path of systemd</entry>
                        <entry></entry>
                      </row>
                      <row>
                        <entry><literal>%t</literal></entry>
                        <entry>Runtime socket dir</entry>
                        <entry>This is either /run (for the system manager) or $XDG_RUNTIME_DIR (for user managers).</entry>
                      </row>
                    </tbody>
                  </tgroup>
                </table>

                <para>If a unit file is empty (i.e. has the file size
                0) or is symlinked to <filename>/dev/null</filename>
                its configuration will not be loaded and it appears
                with a load state of <literal>masked</literal>, and
                cannot be activated. Use this as an effective way to
                fully disable a unit, making it impossible to start it
                even manually.</para>

                <para>The unit file format is covered by the
                <ulink
                url="http://www.freedesktop.org/wiki/Software/systemd/InterfaceStabilityPromise">Interface
                Stability Promise</ulink>.</para>
        </refsect1>

        <refsect1>
                <title>Options</title>

                <para>Unit file may include a [Unit] section, which
                carries generic information about the unit that is not
                dependent on the type of unit:</para>

                <variablelist>

                        <varlistentry>
                                <term><varname>Description=</varname></term>
                                <listitem><para>A free-form string
                                describing the unit. This is intended
                                for use in UIs to show descriptive
                                information along with the unit
                                name.</para></listitem>
                        </varlistentry>

                        <varlistentry>
                                <term><varname>Requires=</varname></term>

                                <listitem><para>Configures requirement
                                dependencies on other units. If this
                                unit gets activated, the units listed
                                here will be activated as well. If one
                                of the other units gets deactivated or
                                its activation fails, this unit will
                                be deactivated. This option may be
                                specified more than once, in which
                                case requirement dependencies for all
                                listed names are created. Note that
                                requirement dependencies do not
                                influence the order in which services
                                are started or stopped. This has to be
                                configured independently with the
                                <varname>After=</varname> or
                                <varname>Before=</varname> options. If
                                a unit
                                <filename>foo.service</filename>
                                requires a unit
                                <filename>bar.service</filename> as
                                configured with
                                <varname>Requires=</varname> and no
                                ordering is configured with
                                <varname>After=</varname> or
                                <varname>Before=</varname>, then both
                                units will be started simultaneously
                                and without any delay between them if
                                <filename>foo.service</filename> is
                                activated. Often it is a better choice
                                to use <varname>Wants=</varname>
                                instead of
                                <varname>Requires=</varname> in order
                                to achieve a system that is more
                                robust when dealing with failing
                                services.</para></listitem>
                        </varlistentry>

                        <varlistentry>
                                <term><varname>RequiresOverridable=</varname></term>

                                <listitem><para>Similar to
                                <varname>Requires=</varname>.
                                Dependencies listed in
                                <varname>RequiresOverridable=</varname>
                                which cannot be fulfilled or fail to
                                start are ignored if the startup was
                                explicitly requested by the user. If
                                the start-up was pulled in indirectly
                                by some dependency or automatic
                                start-up of units that is not
                                requested by the user this dependency
                                must be fulfilled and otherwise the
                                transaction fails. Hence, this option
                                may be used to configure dependencies
                                that are normally honored unless the
                                user explicitly starts up the unit, in
                                which case whether they failed or not
                                is irrelevant.</para></listitem>

                        </varlistentry>
                        <varlistentry>
                                <term><varname>Requisite=</varname></term>
                                <term><varname>RequisiteOverridable=</varname></term>

                                <listitem><para>Similar to
                                <varname>Requires=</varname>
                                resp. <varname>RequiresOverridable=</varname>. However,
                                if a unit listed here is not started
                                already it will not be started and the
                                transaction fails
                                immediately.</para></listitem>
                        </varlistentry>

                        <varlistentry>
                                <term><varname>Wants=</varname></term>

                                <listitem><para>A weaker version of
                                <varname>Requires=</varname>. A unit
                                listed in this option will be started
                                if the configuring unit is. However,
                                if the listed unit fails to start up
                                or cannot be added to the transaction
                                this has no impact on the validity of
                                the transaction as a whole. This is
                                the recommended way to hook start-up
                                of one unit to the start-up of another
                                unit. Note that dependencies of this
                                type may also be configured outside of
                                the unit configuration file by
                                adding a symlink to a
                                <filename>.wants/</filename> directory
                                accompanying the unit file. For
                                details see above.</para></listitem>
                        </varlistentry>

                        <varlistentry>
                                <term><varname>BindTo=</varname></term>

                                <listitem><para>Configures requirement
                                dependencies, very similar in style to
                                <varname>Requires=</varname>, however
                                in addition to this behaviour it also
                                declares that this unit is stopped
                                when any of the units listed suddenly
                                disappears. Units can suddenly,
                                unexpectedly disappear if a service
                                terminates on its own choice, a device
                                is unplugged or a mount point
                                unmounted without involvement of
                                systemd.</para></listitem>
                        </varlistentry>

                        <varlistentry>
                                <term><varname>Conflicts=</varname></term>

                                <listitem><para>Configures negative
                                requirement dependencies. If a unit
                                has a
                                <varname>Conflicts=</varname> setting
                                on another unit, starting the former
                                will stop the latter and vice
                                versa. Note that this setting is
                                independent of and orthogonal to the
                                <varname>After=</varname> and
                                <varname>Before=</varname> ordering
                                dependencies.</para>

                                <para>If a unit A that conflicts with
                                a unit B is scheduled to be started at
                                the same time as B, the transaction
                                will either fail (in case both are
                                required part of the transaction) or
                                be modified to be fixed (in case one
                                or both jobs are not a required part
                                of the transaction). In the latter
                                case the job that is not the required
                                will be removed, or in case both are
                                not required the unit that conflicts
                                will be started and the unit that is
                                conflicted is
                                stopped.</para></listitem>
                        </varlistentry>

                        <varlistentry>
                                <term><varname>Before=</varname></term>
                                <term><varname>After=</varname></term>

                                <listitem><para>Configures ordering
                                dependencies between units. If a unit
                                <filename>foo.service</filename>
                                contains a setting
                                <option>Before=bar.service</option>
                                and both units are being started,
                                <filename>bar.service</filename>'s
                                start-up is delayed until
                                <filename>foo.service</filename> is
                                started up. Note that this setting is
                                independent of and orthogonal to the
                                requirement dependencies as configured
                                by <varname>Requires=</varname>. It is
                                a common pattern to include a unit
                                name in both the
                                <varname>After=</varname> and
                                <varname>Requires=</varname> option in
                                which case the unit listed will be
                                started before the unit that is
                                configured with these options. This
                                option may be specified more than
                                once, in which case ordering
                                dependencies for all listed names are
                                created. <varname>After=</varname> is
                                the inverse of
                                <varname>Before=</varname>, i.e. while
                                <varname>After=</varname> ensures that
                                the configured unit is started after
                                the listed unit finished starting up,
                                <varname>Before=</varname> ensures the
                                opposite, i.e.  that the configured
                                unit is fully started up before the
                                listed unit is started. Note that when
                                two units with an ordering dependency
                                between them are shut down, the
                                inverse of the start-up order is
                                applied. i.e. if a unit is configured
                                with <varname>After=</varname> on
                                another unit, the former is stopped
                                before the latter if both are shut
                                down. If one unit with an ordering
                                dependency on another unit is shut
                                down while the latter is started up,
                                the shut down is ordered before the
                                start-up regardless whether the
                                ordering dependency is actually of
                                type <varname>After=</varname> or
                                <varname>Before=</varname>. If two
                                units have no ordering dependencies
                                between them they are shut down
                                resp. started up simultaneously, and
                                no ordering takes
                                place. </para></listitem>
                        </varlistentry>

                        <varlistentry>
                                <term><varname>OnFailure=</varname></term>

                                <listitem><para>Lists one or more
                                units that are activated when this
                                unit enters the
                                '<literal>failed</literal>'
                                state.</para></listitem>
                        </varlistentry>

                        <varlistentry>
                                <term><varname>OnFailureIsolate=</varname></term>

                                <listitem><para>Takes a boolean
                                argument. If <option>true</option> the
                                unit listed in
                                <varname>OnFailure=</varname> will be
                                enqueued in isolation mode, i.e. all
                                units that are not its dependency will
                                be stopped. If this is set only a
                                single unit may be listed in
                                <varname>OnFailure=</varname>. Defaults
                                to
                                <option>false</option>.</para></listitem>
                        </varlistentry>

                        <varlistentry>
                                <term><varname>IgnoreOnIsolate=</varname></term>

                                <listitem><para>Takes a boolean
                                argument. If <option>true</option>
                                this unit will not be stopped when
                                isolating another unit. Defaults to
                                <option>false</option>.</para></listitem>
                        </varlistentry>

                        <varlistentry>
                                <term><varname>IgnoreOnSnapshot=</varname></term>

                                <listitem><para>Takes a boolean
                                argument. If <option>true</option>
                                this unit will not be included in
                                snapshots. Defaults to
                                <option>true</option> for device and
                                snapshot units, <option>false</option>
                                for the others.</para></listitem>
                        </varlistentry>

                        <varlistentry>
                                <term><varname>StopWhenUnneeded=</varname></term>

                                <listitem><para>Takes a boolean
                                argument. If <option>true</option>
                                this unit will be stopped when it is
                                no longer used. Note that in order to
                                minimize the work to be executed,
                                systemd will not stop units by default
                                unless they are conflicting with other
                                units, or the user explicitly
                                requested their shut down. If this
                                option is set, a unit will be
                                automatically cleaned up if no other
                                active unit requires it. Defaults to
                                <option>false</option>.</para></listitem>
                        </varlistentry>

                        <varlistentry>
                                <term><varname>RefuseManualStart=</varname></term>
                                <term><varname>RefuseManualStop=</varname></term>

                                <listitem><para>Takes a boolean
                                argument. If <option>true</option>
                                this unit can only be activated
                                (resp. deactivated) indirectly. In
                                this case explicit start-up
                                (resp. termination) requested by the
                                user is denied, however if it is
                                started (resp. stopped) as a
                                dependency of another unit, start-up
                                (resp. termination) will succeed. This
                                is mostly a safety feature to ensure
                                that the user does not accidentally
                                activate units that are not intended
                                to be activated explicitly, and not
                                accidentally deactivate units that are
                                not intended to be deactivated.
                                These options default to
                                <option>false</option>.</para></listitem>
                        </varlistentry>

                        <varlistentry>
                                <term><varname>AllowIsolate=</varname></term>

                                <listitem><para>Takes a boolean
                                argument. If <option>true</option>
                                this unit may be used with the
                                <command>systemctl isolate</command>
                                command. Otherwise this will be
                                refused. It probably is a good idea to
                                leave this disabled except for target
                                units that shall be used similar to
                                runlevels in SysV init systems, just
                                as a precaution to avoid unusable
                                system states. This option defaults to
                                <option>false</option>.</para></listitem>
                        </varlistentry>

                        <varlistentry>
                                <term><varname>DefaultDependencies=</varname></term>

                                <listitem><para>Takes a boolean
                                argument. If <option>true</option>
                                (the default), a few default
                                dependencies will implicitly be
                                created for the unit. The actual
                                dependencies created depend on the
                                unit type. For example, for service
                                units, these dependencies ensure that
                                the service is started only after
                                basic system initialization is
                                completed and is properly terminated on
                                system shutdown. See the respective
                                man pages for details. Generally, only
                                services involved with early boot or
                                late shutdown should set this option
                                to <option>false</option>. It is
                                highly recommended to leave this
                                option enabled for the majority of
                                common units. If set to
                                <option>false</option> this option
                                does not disable all implicit
                                dependencies, just non-essential
                                ones.</para></listitem>
                        </varlistentry>

                        <varlistentry>
                                <term><varname>JobTimeoutSec=</varname></term>

                                <listitem><para>When clients are
                                waiting for a job of this unit to
                                complete, time out after the specified
                                time. If this time limit is reached
                                the job will be cancelled, the unit
                                however will not change state or even
                                enter the '<literal>failed</literal>'
                                mode. This value defaults to 0 (job
                                timeouts disabled), except for device
                                units. NB: this timeout is independent
                                from any unit-specific timeout (for
                                example, the timeout set with
                                <varname>Timeout=</varname> in service
                                units) as the job timeout has no
                                effect on the unit itself, only on the
                                job that might be pending for it. Or
                                in other words: unit-specific timeouts
                                are useful to abort unit state
                                changes, and revert them. The job
                                timeout set with this option however
                                is useful to abort only the job
                                waiting for the unit state to
                                change.</para></listitem>
                        </varlistentry>

                        <varlistentry>
                                <term><varname>ConditionPathExists=</varname></term>
                                <term><varname>ConditionPathExistsGlob=</varname></term>
                                <term><varname>ConditionPathIsDirectory=</varname></term>
                                <term><varname>ConditionPathIsMountPoint=</varname></term>
                                <term><varname>ConditionDirectoryNotEmpty=</varname></term>
                                <term><varname>ConditionFileIsExecutable=</varname></term>
                                <term><varname>ConditionKernelCommandLine=</varname></term>
                                <term><varname>ConditionVirtualization=</varname></term>
                                <term><varname>ConditionSecurity=</varname></term>
                                <term><varname>ConditionNull=</varname></term>

                                <listitem><para>Before starting a unit
                                verify that the specified condition is
                                true. With
                                <varname>ConditionPathExists=</varname>
                                a file existence condition can be
                                checked before a unit is started. If
                                the specified absolute path name does
                                not exist, startup of a unit will not
                                actually happen, however the unit is
                                still useful for ordering purposes in
                                this case. The condition is checked at
                                the time the queued start job is to be
                                executed. If the absolute path name
                                passed to
                                <varname>ConditionPathExists=</varname>
                                is prefixed with an exclamation mark
                                (!), the test is negated, and the unit
                                is only started if the path does not
                                exist.
                                <varname>ConditionPathExistsGlob=</varname>
                                works in a similar way, but checks for
                                the existence of at least one file or
                                directory matching the specified
                                globbing
                                pattern. <varname>ConditionPathIsDirectory=</varname>
                                is similar to
                                <varname>ConditionPathExists=</varname>
                                but verifies whether a certain path
                                exists and is a
                                directory. <varname>ConditionPathIsMountPoint=</varname>
                                is similar to
                                <varname>ConditionPathExists=</varname>
                                but verifies whether a certain path
                                exists and is a mount
                                point. <varname>ConditionFileIsExecutable=</varname>
                                is similar to
                                <varname>ConditionPathExists=</varname>
                                but verifies whether a certain path
                                exists, is a regular file and marked
                                executable.
                                <varname>ConditionDirectoryNotEmpty=</varname>
                                is similar to
                                <varname>ConditionPathExists=</varname>
                                but verifies whether a certain path
                                exists and is a non-empty
                                directory. Similarly
                                <varname>ConditionKernelCommandLine=</varname>
                                may be used to check whether a
                                specific kernel command line option is
                                set (or if prefixed with the
                                exclamation mark unset). The argument
                                must either be a single word, or an
                                assignment (i.e. two words, separated
                                by the equality sign). In the former
                                case the kernel command line is
                                searched for the word appearing as is,
                                or as left hand side of an
                                assignment. In the latter case the
                                exact assignment is looked for with
                                right and left hand side
                                matching. <varname>ConditionVirtualization=</varname>
                                may be used to check whether the
                                system is executed in a virtualized
                                environment and optionally test
                                whether it is a specific
                                implementation. Takes either boolean
                                value to check if being executed in
                                any virtual environment or one of the
                                <varname>qemu</varname>,
                                <varname>kvm</varname>,
                                <varname>vmware</varname>,
                                <varname>microsoft</varname>,
                                <varname>oracle</varname>,
                                <varname>xen</varname>,
                                <varname>pidns</varname>,
                                <varname>openvz</varname> to test
                                against a specific implementation. The
                                test may be negated by prepending an
                                exclamation mark.
                                <varname>ConditionSecurity=</varname>
                                may be used to check whether the given
                                security module is enabled on the
                                system.  Currently the only recognized
                                value is <varname>selinux</varname>.
                                The test may be negated by prepending
                                an exclamation mark. Finally,
                                <varname>ConditionNull=</varname> may
                                be used to add a constant condition
                                check value to the unit. It takes a
                                boolean argument. If set to
                                <varname>false</varname> the condition
                                will always fail, otherwise
                                succeed. If multiple conditions are
                                specified the unit will be executed if
                                all of them apply (i.e. a logical AND
                                is applied). Condition checks can be
                                prefixed with a pipe symbol (|) in
                                which case a condition becomes a
                                triggering condition. If at least one
                                triggering condition is defined for a
                                unit then the unit will be executed if
                                at least one of the triggering
                                conditions apply and all of the
                                non-triggering conditions. If you
                                prefix an argument with the pipe
                                symbol and an exclamation mark the
                                pipe symbol must be passed first, the
                                exclamation second. All path checks
                                follow symlinks.</para></listitem>
                        </varlistentry>

                        <varlistentry>
                                <term><varname>Names=</varname></term>

                                <listitem><para>Additional names for
                                this unit. The names listed here must
                                have the same suffix (i.e. type) as
                                the unit file name. This option may be
                                specified more than once, in which
                                case all listed names are used. Note
                                that this option is different from the
                                <varname>Alias=</varname> option from
                                the [Install] section mentioned
                                below. See below for details. Note
                                that in almost all cases this option
                                is not what you want. A symlink alias
                                in the file system is generally
                                preferable since it can be used as
                                lookup key. If a unit with a symlinked
                                alias name is not loaded and needs to
                                be it is easily found via the
                                symlink. However, if a unit with an
                                alias name configured with this
                                setting is not loaded it will not be
                                discovered. This settings' only use is
                                in conjunction with service
                                instances.</para>
                                </listitem>
                        </varlistentry>
                </variablelist>

                <para>Unit file may include a [Install] section, which
                carries installation information for the unit. This
                section is not interpreted by
                <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>
                during runtime. It is used exclusively by the
                <command>enable</command> and
                <command>disable</command> commands of the
                <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemctl</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>
                tool during installation of a unit:</para>

                <variablelist>
                        <varlistentry>
                                <term><varname>Alias=</varname></term>

                                <listitem><para>Additional names this
                                unit shall be installed under. The
                                names listed here must have the same
                                suffix (i.e. type) as the unit file
                                name. This option may be specified
                                more than once, in which case all
                                listed names are used. At installation
                                time,
                                <command>systemctl enable</command>
                                will create symlinks from these names
                                to the unit file name. Note that this
                                is different from the
                                <varname>Names=</varname> option from
                                the [Unit] section mentioned above:
                                The names from
                                <varname>Names=</varname> apply
                                unconditionally if the unit is
                                loaded. The names from
                                <varname>Alias=</varname> apply only
                                if the unit has actually been
                                installed with the
                                <command>systemctl enable</command>
                                command.  Also, if systemd searches for a
                                unit, it will discover symlinked alias
                                names as configured with
                                <varname>Alias=</varname>, but not
                                names configured with
                                <varname>Names=</varname> only. It is
                                a common pattern to list a name in
                                both options. In this case, a unit
                                will be active under all names if
                                installed, but also if not installed
                                but requested explicitly under its
                                main name.</para></listitem>
                        </varlistentry>

                        <varlistentry>
                                <term><varname>WantedBy=</varname></term>

                                <listitem><para>Installs a symlink in
                                the <filename>.wants/</filename>
                                subdirectory for a unit. This has the
                                effect that when the listed unit name
                                is activated the unit listing it is
                                activated
                                too. <command>WantedBy=foo.service</command>
                                in a service
                                <filename>bar.service</filename> is
                                mostly equivalent to
                                <command>Alias=foo.service.wants/bar.service</command>
                                in the same file.</para></listitem>
                        </varlistentry>

                        <varlistentry>
                                <term><varname>Also=</varname></term>

                                <listitem><para>Additional units to
                                install when this unit is
                                installed. If the user requests
                                installation of a unit with this
                                option configured,
                                <command>systemctl enable</command>
                                will automatically install units
                                listed in this option as
                                well.</para></listitem>
                        </varlistentry>
                </variablelist>

        </refsect1>

        <refsect1>
                <title>See Also</title>
                <para>
                        <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
                        <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemctl</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
                        <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd.special</refentrytitle><manvolnum>7</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
                        <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd.service</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
                        <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd.socket</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
                        <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd.device</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
                        <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd.mount</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
                        <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd.automount</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
                        <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd.swap</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
                        <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd.target</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
                        <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd.path</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
                        <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd.timer</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
                        <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd.snapshot</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>
                </para>
        </refsect1>

</refentry>