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<?xml version="1.0"?>
<!--*-nxml-*-->
<!DOCTYPE refentry PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.2//EN" "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.2/docbookx.dtd">
<!--
This file is part of systemd.
Copyright 2010 Brandon Philips
systemd is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as published by
the Free Software Foundation; either version 2.1 of the License, or
(at your option) any later version.
systemd is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but
WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU
Lesser General Public License for more details.
You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public License
along with systemd; If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
-->
<refentry id="tmpfiles.d">
<refentryinfo>
<title>tmpfiles.d</title>
<productname>systemd</productname>
<authorgroup>
<author>
<contrib>Documentation</contrib>
<firstname>Brandon</firstname>
<surname>Philips</surname>
<email>brandon@ifup.org</email>
</author>
</authorgroup>
</refentryinfo>
<refmeta>
<refentrytitle>tmpfiles.d</refentrytitle>
<manvolnum>5</manvolnum>
</refmeta>
<refnamediv>
<refname>tmpfiles.d</refname>
<refpurpose>Configuration for creation, deletion and
cleaning of volatile and temporary files</refpurpose>
</refnamediv>
<refsynopsisdiv>
<para><filename>/etc/tmpfiles.d/*.conf</filename></para>
<para><filename>/run/tmpfiles.d/*.conf</filename></para>
<para><filename>/usr/lib/tmpfiles.d/*.conf</filename></para>
</refsynopsisdiv>
<refsect1>
<title>Description</title>
<para><command>systemd-tmpfiles</command> uses the
configuration files from the above directories to describe the
creation, cleaning and removal of volatile and
temporary files and directories which usually reside
in directories such as <filename>/run</filename>
or <filename>/tmp</filename>.</para>
</refsect1>
<refsect1>
<title>Configuration Format</title>
<para>Each configuration file shall be named in the
style of <filename><program>.conf</filename>.
Files in <filename>/etc/</filename> override files
with the same name in <filename>/usr/lib/</filename>
and <filename>/run/</filename>. Files in
<filename>/run/</filename> override files with the same
name in <filename>/usr/lib/</filename>. Packages
should install their configuration files in
<filename>/usr/lib/</filename>. Files in
<filename>/etc/</filename> are reserved for the local
administrator, who may use this logic to override the
configuration files installed by vendor packages. All
configuration files are sorted by their filename in
alphabetical order, regardless in which of the
directories they reside, to guarantee that a specific
configuration file takes precedence over another file
with an alphabetically later name.</para>
<para>If the administrator wants to disable a
configuration file supplied by the vendor the
recommended way is to place a symlink to
<filename>/dev/null</filename> in
<filename>/etc/tmpfiles.d/</filename> bearing the
same filename.</para>
<para>The configuration format is one line per path
containing action, path, mode, ownership, age and argument
fields:</para>
<programlisting>Type Path Mode UID GID Age Argument
d /run/user 0755 root root 10d -
L /tmp/foobar - - - - /dev/null</programlisting>
<refsect2>
<title>Type</title>
<variablelist>
<varlistentry>
<term><varname>f</varname></term>
<listitem><para>Create a file if it does not exist yet (optionally writing a short string into it, if the argument parameter is passed)</para></listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry>
<term><varname>F</varname></term>
<listitem><para>Create or truncate a file (optionally writing a short string into it, if the argument parameter is passed)</para></listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry>
<term><varname>w</varname></term>
<listitem><para>Write the argument parameter to a file, if the file exists.
Lines of this type accept shell-style globs in place of normal path
names. The argument parameter will be written without a trailing
newline. C-style backslash escapes are interpreted.</para></listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry>
<term><varname>d</varname></term>
<listitem><para>Create a directory if it does not exist yet</para></listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry>
<term><varname>D</varname></term>
<listitem><para>Create or empty a directory</para></listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry>
<term><varname>p</varname></term>
<listitem><para>Create a named pipe (FIFO) if it does not exist yet</para></listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry>
<term><varname>L</varname></term>
<listitem><para>Create a symlink if it does not exist yet</para></listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry>
<term><varname>c</varname></term>
<listitem><para>Create a character device node if it does not exist yet</para></listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry>
<term><varname>b</varname></term>
<listitem><para>Create a block device node if it does not exist yet</para></listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry>
<term><varname>x</varname></term>
<listitem><para>Ignore a path
during cleaning. Use this type
to exclude paths from clean-up
as controlled with the Age
parameter. Note that lines of
this type do not influence the
effect of r or R lines. Lines
of this type accept
shell-style globs in place of
normal path
names.</para></listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry>
<term><varname>X</varname></term>
<listitem><para>Ignore a path
during cleanup. Use this type
to prevent path removal as
controlled with the Age parameter.
Note that if path is a directory,
content of a directory is not
excluded from clean-up, only
directory itself. Lines of this
type accept shell-style globs
in place of normal path
names.</para></listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry>
<term><varname>r</varname></term>
<listitem><para>Remove a file
or directory if it
exists. This may not be used
to remove non-empty
directories, use R for
that. Lines of this type
accept shell-style globs in
place of normal path
names.</para></listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry>
<term><varname>R</varname></term>
<listitem><para>Recursively
remove a path and all its
subdirectories (if it is a
directory). Lines of this type
accept shell-style globs in
place of normal path
names.</para></listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry>
<term><varname>z</varname></term>
<listitem><para>Restore
SELinux security context label
and set ownership and access
mode of a file or directory if
it exists. Lines of this type
accept shell-style globs in
place of normal path names.
</para></listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry>
<term><varname>Z</varname></term>
<listitem><para>Recursively
restore SELinux security
context label and set
ownership and access mode of a
path and all its
subdirectories (if it is a
directory). Lines of this type
accept shell-style globs in
place of normal path
names.</para></listitem>
</varlistentry>
</variablelist>
</refsect2>
<refsect2>
<title>Mode</title>
<para>The file access mode to use when
creating this file or directory. If omitted or
when set to - the default is used: 0755 for
directories, 0644 for all other file
objects. For z, Z lines if omitted or when set
to - the file access mode will not be
modified. This parameter is ignored for x, r,
R, L lines.</para>
</refsect2>
<refsect2>
<title>UID, GID</title>
<para>The user and group to use for this file
or directory. This may either be a numeric
user/group ID or a user or group name. If
omitted or when set to - the default 0 (root)
is used. For z, Z lines when omitted or when set to -
the file ownership will not be modified.
These parameters are ignored for x, r, R, L lines.</para>
</refsect2>
<refsect2>
<title>Age</title>
<para>The date field, when set, is used to
decide what files to delete when cleaning. If
a file or directory is older than the current
time minus the age field it is deleted. The
field format is a series of integers each
followed by one of the following
postfixes for the respective time units:</para>
<variablelist>
<varlistentry>
<term><varname>s</varname></term>
<term><varname>min</varname></term>
<term><varname>h</varname></term>
<term><varname>d</varname></term>
<term><varname>w</varname></term>
<term><varname>ms</varname></term>
<term><varname>m</varname></term>
<term><varname>us</varname></term></varlistentry>
</variablelist>
<para>If multiple integers and units are specified the time
values are summed up. If an integer is given without a unit,
s is assumed.
</para>
<para>When the age is set to zero, the files are cleaned
unconditionally.</para>
<para>The age field only applies to lines starting with
d, D and x. If omitted or set to - no automatic clean-up
is done.</para>
<para>If the age field starts with a tilde
character (~) the clean-up is only applied to
files and directories one level inside the
directory specified, but not the files and
directories immediately inside it.</para>
</refsect2>
<refsect2>
<title>Argument</title>
<para>For L lines determines the destination
path of the symlink. For c, b determines the
major/minor of the device node, with major and
minor formatted as integers, separated by :,
e.g. "1:3". For f, F, w may be used to specify
a short string that is written to the file,
suffixed by a newline. Ignored for all other
lines.</para>
</refsect2>
</refsect1>
<refsect1>
<title>Example</title>
<example>
<title>/etc/tmpfiles.d/screen.conf example</title>
<para><command>screen</command> needs two directories created at boot with specific modes and ownership.</para>
<programlisting>d /var/run/screens 1777 root root 10d
d /var/run/uscreens 0755 root root 10d12h</programlisting>
</example>
<example>
<title>/etc/tmpfiles.d/abrt.conf example</title>
<para><command>abrt</command> needs a directory created at boot with specific mode and ownership and its content should be preserved.</para>
<programlisting>d /var/tmp/abrt 0755 abrt abrt
x /var/tmp/abrt/*</programlisting>
</example>
</refsect1>
<refsect1>
<title>See Also</title>
<para>
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd-tmpfiles</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd-delta</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>
</para>
</refsect1>
</refentry>
|
