path: root/src/libsystemd-network/sd-dhcp6-client.c

/*-*- Mode: C; c-basic-offset: 8; indent-tabs-mode: nil -*-*/

/***
  This file is part of systemd.

  Copyright (C) 2014 Intel Corporation. All rights reserved.

  systemd is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
  under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as published by
  the Free Software Foundation; either version 2.1 of the License, or
  (at your option) any later version.

  systemd is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but
  WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
  MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU
  Lesser General Public License for more details.

  You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public License
  along with systemd; If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
***/

#include <errno.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <sys/ioctl.h>

#include "udev.h"
#include "udev-util.h"
#include "virt.h"
#include "siphash24.h"
#include "util.h"
#include "refcnt.h"

#include "network-internal.h"
#include "sd-dhcp6-client.h"
#include "dhcp6-protocol.h"
#include "dhcp6-internal.h"
#include "dhcp6-lease-internal.h"

#define SYSTEMD_PEN 43793
#define HASH_KEY SD_ID128_MAKE(80,11,8c,c2,fe,4a,03,ee,3e,d6,0c,6f,36,39,14,09)

struct sd_dhcp6_client {
        RefCount n_ref;

        enum DHCP6State state;
        sd_event *event;
        int event_priority;
        int index;
        struct ether_addr mac_addr;
        DHCP6IA ia_na;
        be32_t transaction_id;
        struct sd_dhcp6_lease *lease;
        int fd;
        sd_event_source *receive_message;
        usec_t retransmit_time;
        uint8_t retransmit_count;
        sd_event_source *timeout_resend;
        sd_event_source *timeout_resend_expire;
        sd_dhcp6_client_cb_t cb;
        void *userdata;

        struct duid_en {
                uint16_t type; /* DHCP6_DUID_EN */
                uint32_t pen;
                uint8_t id[8];
        } _packed_ duid;
};

const char * dhcp6_message_type_table[_DHCP6_MESSAGE_MAX] = {
        [DHCP6_SOLICIT] = "SOLICIT",
        [DHCP6_ADVERTISE] = "ADVERTISE",
        [DHCP6_REQUEST] = "REQUEST",
        [DHCP6_CONFIRM] = "CONFIRM",
        [DHCP6_RENEW] = "RENEW",
        [DHCP6_REBIND] = "REBIND",
        [DHCP6_REPLY] = "REPLY",
        [DHCP6_RELEASE] = "RELEASE",
        [DHCP6_DECLINE] = "DECLINE",
        [DHCP6_RECONFIGURE] = "RECONFIGURE",
        [DHCP6_INFORMATION_REQUEST] = "INFORMATION-REQUEST",
        [DHCP6_RELAY_FORW] = "RELAY-FORW",
        [DHCP6_RELAY_REPL] = "RELAY-REPL",
};

DEFINE_STRING_TABLE_LOOKUP(dhcp6_message_type, int);

const char * dhcp6_message_status_table[_DHCP6_STATUS_MAX] = {
        [DHCP6_STATUS_SUCCESS] = "Success",
        [DHCP6_STATUS_UNSPEC_FAIL] = "Unspecified failure",
        [DHCP6_STATUS_NO_ADDRS_AVAIL] = "No addresses available",
        [DHCP6_STATUS_NO_BINDING] = "Binding unavailable",
        [DHCP6_STATUS_NOT_ON_LINK] = "Not on link",
        [DHCP6_STATUS_USE_MULTICAST] = "Use multicast",
};

DEFINE_STRING_TABLE_LOOKUP(dhcp6_message_status, int);

static int client_start(sd_dhcp6_client *client, enum DHCP6State state);

int sd_dhcp6_client_set_callback(sd_dhcp6_client *client,
                                 sd_dhcp6_client_cb_t cb, void *userdata)
{
        assert_return(client, -EINVAL);

        client->cb = cb;
        client->userdata = userdata;

        return 0;
}

int sd_dhcp6_client_set_index(sd_dhcp6_client *client, int interface_index)
{
        assert_return(client, -EINVAL);
        assert_return(interface_index >= -1, -EINVAL);

        client->index = interface_index;

        return 0;
}

int sd_dhcp6_client_set_mac(sd_dhcp6_client *client,
                            const struct ether_addr *mac_addr)
{
        assert_return(client, -EINVAL);

        if (mac_addr)
                memcpy(&client->mac_addr, mac_addr, sizeof(client->mac_addr));
        else
                memset(&client->mac_addr, 0x00, sizeof(client->mac_addr));

        return 0;
}

int sd_dhcp6_client_get_lease(sd_dhcp6_client *client, sd_dhcp6_lease **ret) {
        assert_return(client, -EINVAL);
        assert_return(ret, -EINVAL);

        if (!client->lease)
                return -ENOMSG;

        *ret = sd_dhcp6_lease_ref(client->lease);

        return 0;
}

static sd_dhcp6_client *client_notify(sd_dhcp6_client *client, int event) {
        if (client->cb) {
                client = sd_dhcp6_client_ref(client);
                client->cb(client, event, client->userdata);
                client = sd_dhcp6_client_unref(client);
        }

        return client;
}

static int client_initialize(sd_dhcp6_client *client)
{
        assert_return(client, -EINVAL);

        client->receive_message =
                sd_event_source_unref(client->receive_message);

        if (client->fd > 0)
                client->fd = safe_close(client->fd);

        client->transaction_id = 0;

        client->ia_na.timeout_t1 =
                sd_event_source_unref(client->ia_na.timeout_t1);
        client->ia_na.timeout_t2 =
                sd_event_source_unref(client->ia_na.timeout_t2);

        client->retransmit_time = 0;
        client->retransmit_count = 0;
        client->timeout_resend = sd_event_source_unref(client->timeout_resend);
        client->timeout_resend_expire =
                sd_event_source_unref(client->timeout_resend_expire);

        client->state = DHCP6_STATE_STOPPED;

        return 0;
}

static sd_dhcp6_client *client_stop(sd_dhcp6_client *client, int error) {
        assert_return(client, NULL);

        client = client_notify(client, error);
        if (client)
                client_initialize(client);

        return client;
}

static int client_send_message(sd_dhcp6_client *client) {
        _cleanup_free_ DHCP6Message *message = NULL;
        struct in6_addr all_servers =
                IN6ADDR_ALL_DHCP6_RELAY_AGENTS_AND_SERVERS_INIT;
        size_t len, optlen = 512;
        uint8_t *opt;
        int r;

        len = sizeof(DHCP6Message) + optlen;

        message = malloc0(len);
        if (!message)
                return -ENOMEM;

        opt = (uint8_t *)(message + 1);

        message->transaction_id = client->transaction_id;

        switch(client->state) {
        case DHCP6_STATE_SOLICITATION:
                message->type = DHCP6_SOLICIT;

                r = dhcp6_option_append_ia(&opt, &optlen, &client->ia_na);
                if (r < 0)
                        return r;

                break;

        case DHCP6_STATE_REQUEST:
                message->type = DHCP6_REQUEST;

                r = dhcp6_option_append(&opt, &optlen, DHCP6_OPTION_SERVERID,
                                        client->lease->serverid_len,
                                        client->lease->serverid);
                if (r < 0)
                        return r;

                r = dhcp6_option_append_ia(&opt, &optlen, &client->lease->ia);
                if (r < 0)
                        return r;

                break;

        case DHCP6_STATE_STOPPED:
        case DHCP6_STATE_RS:
                return -EINVAL;
        }

        r = dhcp6_option_append(&opt, &optlen, DHCP6_OPTION_CLIENTID,
                                sizeof(client->duid), &client->duid);
        if (r < 0)
                return r;

        r = dhcp6_network_send_udp_socket(client->fd, &all_servers, message,
                                          len - optlen);
        if (r < 0)
                return r;

        log_dhcp6_client(client, "Sent %s",
                         dhcp6_message_type_to_string(message->type));

        return 0;
}

static int client_timeout_resend_expire(sd_event_source *s, uint64_t usec,
                                        void *userdata) {
        sd_dhcp6_client *client = userdata;

        assert(s);
        assert(client);
        assert(client->event);

        client_stop(client, DHCP6_EVENT_RESEND_EXPIRE);

        return 0;
}

static usec_t client_timeout_compute_random(usec_t val) {
        return val - val / 10 +
                (random_u32() % (2 * USEC_PER_SEC)) * val / 10 / USEC_PER_SEC;
}

static int client_timeout_resend(sd_event_source *s, uint64_t usec,
                                 void *userdata) {
        int r = 0;
        sd_dhcp6_client *client = userdata;
        usec_t time_now, init_retransmit_time, max_retransmit_time;
        usec_t max_retransmit_duration;
        uint8_t max_retransmit_count;
        char time_string[FORMAT_TIMESPAN_MAX];

        assert(s);
        assert(client);
        assert(client->event);

        client->timeout_resend = sd_event_source_unref(client->timeout_resend);

        switch (client->state) {
        case DHCP6_STATE_SOLICITATION:

                if (client->retransmit_count && client->lease) {
                        client_start(client, DHCP6_STATE_REQUEST);
                        return 0;
                }

                init_retransmit_time = DHCP6_SOL_TIMEOUT;
                max_retransmit_time = DHCP6_SOL_MAX_RT;
                max_retransmit_count = 0;
                max_retransmit_duration = 0;

                break;

        case DHCP6_STATE_REQUEST:
                init_retransmit_time = DHCP6_REQ_TIMEOUT;
                max_retransmit_time = DHCP6_REQ_MAX_RT;
                max_retransmit_count = DHCP6_REQ_MAX_RC;
                max_retransmit_duration = 0;

                break;

        case DHCP6_STATE_STOPPED:
        case DHCP6_STATE_RS:
                return 0;
        }

        if (max_retransmit_count &&
            client->retransmit_count >= max_retransmit_count) {
                client_stop(client, DHCP6_EVENT_RETRANS_MAX);
                return 0;
        }

        r = client_send_message(client);
        if (r >= 0)
                client->retransmit_count++;


        r = sd_event_now(client->event, CLOCK_MONOTONIC, &time_now);
        if (r < 0)
                goto error;

        if (!client->retransmit_time) {
                client->retransmit_time =
                        client_timeout_compute_random(init_retransmit_time);

                if (client->state == DHCP6_STATE_SOLICITATION)
                        client->retransmit_time += init_retransmit_time / 10;

        } else {
                if (max_retransmit_time &&
                    client->retransmit_time > max_retransmit_time / 2)
                        client->retransmit_time = client_timeout_compute_random(max_retransmit_time);
                else
                        client->retransmit_time += client_timeout_compute_random(client->retransmit_time);
        }

        log_dhcp6_client(client, "Next retransmission in %s",
                         format_timespan(time_string, FORMAT_TIMESPAN_MAX,
                                         client->retransmit_time, 0));

        r = sd_event_add_time(client->event, &client->timeout_resend,
                              CLOCK_MONOTONIC,
                              time_now + client->retransmit_time,
                              10 * USEC_PER_MSEC, client_timeout_resend,
                              client);
        if (r < 0)
                goto error;

        r = sd_event_source_set_priority(client->timeout_resend,
                                         client->event_priority);
        if (r < 0)
                goto error;

        if (max_retransmit_duration && !client->timeout_resend_expire) {

                log_dhcp6_client(client, "Max retransmission duration %"PRIu64" secs",
                                 max_retransmit_duration / USEC_PER_SEC);

                r = sd_event_add_time(client->event,
                                      &client->timeout_resend_expire,
                                      CLOCK_MONOTONIC,
                                      time_now + max_retransmit_duration,
                                      USEC_PER_SEC,
                                      client_timeout_resend_expire, client);
                if (r < 0)
                        goto error;

                r = sd_event_source_set_priority(client->timeout_resend_expire,
                                                 client->event_priority);
                if (r < 0)
                        goto error;
        }

error:
        if (r < 0)
                client_stop(client, r);

        return 0;
}

static int client_ensure_iaid(sd_dhcp6_client *client) {
        const char *name = NULL;
        uint64_t id;

        assert(client);

        if (client->ia_na.id)
                return 0;

        if (detect_container(NULL) <= 0) {
                /* not in a container, udev will be around */
                _cleanup_udev_unref_ struct udev *udev;
                _cleanup_udev_device_unref_ struct udev_device *device;
                char ifindex_str[2 + DECIMAL_STR_MAX(int)];

                udev = udev_new();
                if (!udev)
                        return -ENOMEM;

                sprintf(ifindex_str, "n%d", client->index);
                device = udev_device_new_from_device_id(udev, ifindex_str);
                if (!device)
                        return -errno;

                if (udev_device_get_is_initialized(device) <= 0)
                        /* not yet ready */
                        return -EBUSY;

                name = net_get_name(device);
        }

        if (name)
                siphash24((uint8_t*)&id, name, strlen(name), HASH_KEY.bytes);
        else
                /* fall back to mac address if no predictable name available */
                siphash24((uint8_t*)&id, &client->mac_addr, ETH_ALEN,
                          HASH_KEY.bytes);

        /* fold into 32 bits */
        client->ia_na.id = (id & 0xffffffff) ^ (id >> 32);

        return 0;
}

static int client_parse_message(sd_dhcp6_client *client,
                                DHCP6Message *message, size_t len,
                                sd_dhcp6_lease *lease) {
        int r;
        uint8_t *optval, *option = (uint8_t *)(message + 1), *id = NULL;
        uint16_t optcode, status;
        size_t optlen, id_len;
        bool clientid = false;
        be32_t iaid_lease;

        while ((r = dhcp6_option_parse(&option, &len, &optcode, &optlen,
                                       &optval)) >= 0) {
                switch (optcode) {
                case DHCP6_OPTION_CLIENTID:
                        if (clientid) {
                                log_dhcp6_client(client, "%s contains multiple clientids",
                                                 dhcp6_message_type_to_string(message->type));
                                return -EINVAL;
                        }

                        if (optlen != sizeof(client->duid) ||
                            memcmp(&client->duid, optval, optlen) != 0) {
                                log_dhcp6_client(client, "%s DUID does not match",
                                                 dhcp6_message_type_to_string(message->type));

                                return -EINVAL;
                        }
                        clientid = true;

                        break;

                case DHCP6_OPTION_SERVERID:
                        r = dhcp6_lease_get_serverid(lease, &id, &id_len);
                        if (r >= 0 && id) {
                                log_dhcp6_client(client, "%s contains multiple serverids",
                                                 dhcp6_message_type_to_string(message->type));
                                return -EINVAL;
                        }

                        r = dhcp6_lease_set_serverid(lease, optval, optlen);
                        if (r < 0)
                                return r;

                        break;

                case DHCP6_OPTION_PREFERENCE:
                        if (optlen != 1)
                                return -EINVAL;

                        r = dhcp6_lease_set_preference(lease, *optval);
                        if (r < 0)
                                return r;

                        break;

                case DHCP6_OPTION_STATUS_CODE:
                        if (optlen < 2)
                                return -EINVAL;

                        status = optval[0] << 8 | optval[1];
                        if (status) {
                                log_dhcp6_client(client, "%s Status %s",
                                                 dhcp6_message_type_to_string(message->type),
                                                 dhcp6_message_status_to_string(status));
                                return -EINVAL;
                        }

                        break;

                case DHCP6_OPTION_IA_NA:
                        r = dhcp6_option_parse_ia(&optval, &optlen, optcode,
                                                  &lease->ia);
                        if (r < 0 && r != -ENOMSG)
                                return r;

                        r = dhcp6_lease_get_iaid(lease, &iaid_lease);
                        if (r < 0)
                                return r;

                        if (client->ia_na.id != iaid_lease) {
                                log_dhcp6_client(client, "%s has wrong IAID",
                                                 dhcp6_message_type_to_string(message->type));
                                return -EINVAL;
                        }

                        break;
                }
        }

        if ((r < 0 && r != -ENOMSG) || !clientid) {
                log_dhcp6_client(client, "%s has incomplete options",
                                 dhcp6_message_type_to_string(message->type));
                return -EINVAL;
        }

        r = dhcp6_lease_get_serverid(lease, &id, &id_len);
        if (r < 0)
                log_dhcp6_client(client, "%s has no server id",
                                 dhcp6_message_type_to_string(message->type));

        return r;
}

static int client_receive_advertise(sd_dhcp6_client *client,
                                    DHCP6Message *advertise, size_t len) {
        int r;
        _cleanup_dhcp6_lease_free_ sd_dhcp6_lease *lease = NULL;
        uint8_t pref_advertise = 0, pref_lease = 0;

        if (advertise->type != DHCP6_ADVERTISE)
                return -EINVAL;

        r = dhcp6_lease_new(&lease);
        if (r < 0)
                return r;

        r = client_parse_message(client, advertise, len, lease);
        if (r < 0)
                return r;

        r = dhcp6_lease_get_preference(lease, &pref_advertise);
        if (r < 0)
                return r;

        r = dhcp6_lease_get_preference(client->lease, &pref_lease);
        if (!client->lease || r < 0 || pref_advertise > pref_lease) {
                sd_dhcp6_lease_unref(client->lease);
                client->lease = lease;
                lease = NULL;
                r = 0;
        }

        if (pref_advertise == 255 || client->retransmit_count > 1)
                r = DHCP6_STATE_REQUEST;

        return r;
}

static int client_receive_message(sd_event_source *s, int fd, uint32_t revents,
                                  void *userdata) {
        sd_dhcp6_client *client = userdata;
        _cleanup_free_ DHCP6Message *message;
        int r, buflen, len;

        assert(s);
        assert(client);
        assert(client->event);

        r = ioctl(fd, FIONREAD, &buflen);
        if (r < 0 || buflen <= 0)
                buflen = DHCP6_MIN_OPTIONS_SIZE;

        message = malloc0(buflen);
        if (!message)
                return -ENOMEM;

        len = read(fd, message, buflen);
        if ((size_t)len < sizeof(DHCP6Message)) {
                log_dhcp6_client(client, "could not receive message from UDP socket: %s", strerror(errno));
                return 0;
        }

        switch(message->type) {
        case DHCP6_SOLICIT:
        case DHCP6_REQUEST:
        case DHCP6_CONFIRM:
        case DHCP6_RENEW:
        case DHCP6_REBIND:
        case DHCP6_RELEASE:
        case DHCP6_DECLINE:
        case DHCP6_INFORMATION_REQUEST:
        case DHCP6_RELAY_FORW:
        case DHCP6_RELAY_REPL:
                return 0;

        case DHCP6_ADVERTISE:
        case DHCP6_REPLY:
        case DHCP6_RECONFIGURE:
                break;

        default:
                log_dhcp6_client(client, "unknown message type %d",
                                 message->type);
                return 0;
        }

        if (client->transaction_id != (message->transaction_id &
                                       htobe32(0x00ffffff)))
                return 0;

        switch (client->state) {
        case DHCP6_STATE_SOLICITATION:
                r = client_receive_advertise(client, message, len);

                if (r == DHCP6_STATE_REQUEST)
                        client_start(client, r);

                break;

        case DHCP6_STATE_REQUEST:
        case DHCP6_STATE_STOPPED:
        case DHCP6_STATE_RS:
                return 0;
        }

        if (r >= 0) {
                log_dhcp6_client(client, "Recv %s",
                                 dhcp6_message_type_to_string(message->type));
        }

        return 0;
}

static int client_start(sd_dhcp6_client *client, enum DHCP6State state)
{
        int r;

        assert_return(client, -EINVAL);
        assert_return(client->event, -EINVAL);
        assert_return(client->index > 0, -EINVAL);
        assert_return(client->state != state, -EINVAL);

        client->timeout_resend_expire =
                sd_event_source_unref(client->timeout_resend_expire);
        client->timeout_resend = sd_event_source_unref(client->timeout_resend);
        client->retransmit_time = 0;
        client->retransmit_count = 0;

        switch (state) {
        case DHCP6_STATE_STOPPED:
        case DHCP6_STATE_RS:
        case DHCP6_STATE_SOLICITATION:

                r = client_ensure_iaid(client);
                if (r < 0)
                        return r;

                r = dhcp6_network_bind_udp_socket(client->index, NULL);
                if (r < 0)
                        return r;

                client->fd = r;

                r = sd_event_add_io(client->event, &client->receive_message,
                                    client->fd, EPOLLIN, client_receive_message,
                                    client);
                if (r < 0)
                        return r;

                r = sd_event_source_set_priority(client->receive_message,
                                                 client->event_priority);
                if (r < 0)
                        return r;

                client->state = DHCP6_STATE_SOLICITATION;

                break;

        case DHCP6_STATE_REQUEST:
                client->state = state;

                break;
        }

        client->transaction_id = random_u32() & htobe32(0x00ffffff);

        r = sd_event_add_time(client->event, &client->timeout_resend,
                              CLOCK_MONOTONIC, 0, 0, client_timeout_resend,
                              client);
        if (r < 0)
                return r;

        r = sd_event_source_set_priority(client->timeout_resend,
                                         client->event_priority);
        if (r < 0)
                return r;

        return 0;
}

int sd_dhcp6_client_stop(sd_dhcp6_client *client)
{
        client_stop(client, DHCP6_EVENT_STOP);

        return 0;
}

int sd_dhcp6_client_start(sd_dhcp6_client *client)
{
        int r = 0;

        assert_return(client, -EINVAL);
        assert_return(client->event, -EINVAL);
        assert_return(client->index > 0, -EINVAL);

        r = client_initialize(client);
        if (r < 0)
                return r;

        return client_start(client, DHCP6_STATE_SOLICITATION);
}

int sd_dhcp6_client_attach_event(sd_dhcp6_client *client, sd_event *event,
                                 int priority)
{
        int r;

        assert_return(client, -EINVAL);
        assert_return(!client->event, -EBUSY);

        if (event)
                client->event = sd_event_ref(event);
        else {
                r = sd_event_default(&client->event);
                if (r < 0)
                        return 0;
        }

        client->event_priority = priority;

        return 0;
}

int sd_dhcp6_client_detach_event(sd_dhcp6_client *client) {
        assert_return(client, -EINVAL);

        client->event = sd_event_unref(client->event);

        return 0;
}

sd_event *sd_dhcp6_client_get_event(sd_dhcp6_client *client) {
        if (!client)
                return NULL;

        return client->event;
}

sd_dhcp6_client *sd_dhcp6_client_ref(sd_dhcp6_client *client) {
        if (client)
                assert_se(REFCNT_INC(client->n_ref) >= 2);

        return client;
}

sd_dhcp6_client *sd_dhcp6_client_unref(sd_dhcp6_client *client) {
        if (client && REFCNT_DEC(client->n_ref) <= 0) {
                client_initialize(client);

                sd_dhcp6_client_detach_event(client);

                free(client);

                return NULL;
        }

        return client;
}

DEFINE_TRIVIAL_CLEANUP_FUNC(sd_dhcp6_client*, sd_dhcp6_client_unref);
#define _cleanup_dhcp6_client_free_ _cleanup_(sd_dhcp6_client_unrefp)

int sd_dhcp6_client_new(sd_dhcp6_client **ret)
{
        _cleanup_dhcp6_client_free_ sd_dhcp6_client *client = NULL;
        sd_id128_t machine_id;
        int r;

        assert_return(ret, -EINVAL);

        client = new0(sd_dhcp6_client, 1);
        if (!client)
                return -ENOMEM;

        client->n_ref = REFCNT_INIT;

        client->ia_na.type = DHCP6_OPTION_IA_NA;

        client->index = -1;

        /* initialize DUID */
        client->duid.type = htobe16(DHCP6_DUID_EN);
        client->duid.pen = htobe32(SYSTEMD_PEN);

        r = sd_id128_get_machine(&machine_id);
        if (r < 0)
                return r;

        /* a bit of snake-oil perhaps, but no need to expose the machine-id
           directly */
        siphash24(client->duid.id, &machine_id, sizeof(machine_id),
                  HASH_KEY.bytes);

        *ret = client;
        client = NULL;

        return 0;
}