path: root/src/libsystemd-network/sd-ndisc.c

/***
  This file is part of systemd.

  Copyright (C) 2014 Intel Corporation. All rights reserved.

  systemd is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
  under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as published by
  the Free Software Foundation; either version 2.1 of the License, or
  (at your option) any later version.

  systemd is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but
  WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
  MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU
  Lesser General Public License for more details.

  You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public License
  along with systemd; If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
***/

#include <netinet/icmp6.h>
#include <netinet/in.h>
#include <netinet/ip6.h>
#include <stdbool.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <sys/ioctl.h>

#include "sd-ndisc.h"

#include "alloc-util.h"
#include "async.h"
#include "icmp6-util.h"
#include "in-addr-util.h"
#include "list.h"
#include "socket-util.h"
#include "string-util.h"

#define NDISC_ROUTER_SOLICITATION_INTERVAL (4U * USEC_PER_SEC)
#define NDISC_MAX_ROUTER_SOLICITATIONS     3U

enum NDiscState {
        NDISC_STATE_IDLE,
        NDISC_STATE_SOLICITATION_SENT,
        NDISC_STATE_ADVERTISEMENT_LISTEN,
        _NDISC_STATE_MAX,
        _NDISC_STATE_INVALID = -1,
};

#define IP6_MIN_MTU 1280U
#define ICMP6_RECV_SIZE (IP6_MIN_MTU - sizeof(struct ip6_hdr))
#define NDISC_OPT_LEN_UNITS 8U

#define ND_RA_FLAG_PREF                0x18
#define ND_RA_FLAG_PREF_LOW            0x03
#define ND_RA_FLAG_PREF_MEDIUM         0x0
#define ND_RA_FLAG_PREF_HIGH           0x1
#define ND_RA_FLAG_PREF_INVALID        0x2

typedef struct NDiscPrefix NDiscPrefix;

struct NDiscPrefix {
        unsigned n_ref;

        sd_ndisc *nd;

        LIST_FIELDS(NDiscPrefix, prefixes);

        uint8_t len;
        usec_t valid_until;
        struct in6_addr addr;
};

struct sd_ndisc {
        unsigned n_ref;

        enum NDiscState state;
        sd_event *event;
        int event_priority;
        int ifindex;
        struct ether_addr mac_addr;
        uint32_t mtu;
        LIST_HEAD(NDiscPrefix, prefixes);
        int fd;
        sd_event_source *recv_event_source;
        sd_event_source *timeout_event_source;
        unsigned nd_sent;
        sd_ndisc_router_callback_t router_callback;
        sd_ndisc_prefix_autonomous_callback_t prefix_autonomous_callback;
        sd_ndisc_prefix_onlink_callback_t prefix_onlink_callback;
        sd_ndisc_callback_t callback;
        void *userdata;
};

#define log_ndisc_errno(p, error, fmt, ...) log_internal(LOG_DEBUG, error, __FILE__, __LINE__, __func__, "NDisc CLIENT: " fmt, ##__VA_ARGS__)
#define log_ndisc(p, fmt, ...) log_ndisc_errno(p, 0, fmt, ##__VA_ARGS__)

static NDiscPrefix *ndisc_prefix_unref(NDiscPrefix *prefix) {

        if (!prefix)
                return NULL;

        assert(prefix->n_ref > 0);
        prefix->n_ref--;

        if (prefix->n_ref > 0)
                return NULL;

        if (prefix->nd)
                LIST_REMOVE(prefixes, prefix->nd->prefixes, prefix);

        free(prefix);

        return NULL;
}

static int ndisc_prefix_new(sd_ndisc *nd, NDiscPrefix **ret) {
        NDiscPrefix *prefix;

        assert(ret);

        prefix = new0(NDiscPrefix, 1);
        if (!prefix)
                return -ENOMEM;

        prefix->n_ref = 1;
        LIST_INIT(prefixes, prefix);
        prefix->nd = nd;

        *ret = prefix;
        return 0;
}

int sd_ndisc_set_callback(
                sd_ndisc *nd,
                sd_ndisc_router_callback_t router_callback,
                sd_ndisc_prefix_onlink_callback_t prefix_onlink_callback,
                sd_ndisc_prefix_autonomous_callback_t prefix_autonomous_callback,
                sd_ndisc_callback_t callback,
                void *userdata) {

        assert_return(nd, -EINVAL);

        nd->router_callback = router_callback;
        nd->prefix_onlink_callback = prefix_onlink_callback;
        nd->prefix_autonomous_callback = prefix_autonomous_callback;
        nd->callback = callback;
        nd->userdata = userdata;

        return 0;
}

int sd_ndisc_set_ifindex(sd_ndisc *nd, int ifindex) {
        assert_return(nd, -EINVAL);
        assert_return(ifindex > 0, -EINVAL);

        nd->ifindex = ifindex;
        return 0;
}

int sd_ndisc_set_mac(sd_ndisc *nd, const struct ether_addr *mac_addr) {
        assert_return(nd, -EINVAL);

        if (mac_addr)
                memcpy(&nd->mac_addr, mac_addr, sizeof(nd->mac_addr));
        else
                zero(nd->mac_addr);

        return 0;

}

int sd_ndisc_attach_event(sd_ndisc *nd, sd_event *event, int64_t priority) {
        int r;

        assert_return(nd, -EINVAL);
        assert_return(!nd->event, -EBUSY);

        if (event)
                nd->event = sd_event_ref(event);
        else {
                r = sd_event_default(&nd->event);
                if (r < 0)
                        return 0;
        }

        nd->event_priority = priority;

        return 0;
}

int sd_ndisc_detach_event(sd_ndisc *nd) {
        assert_return(nd, -EINVAL);

        nd->event = sd_event_unref(nd->event);

        return 0;
}

sd_event *sd_ndisc_get_event(sd_ndisc *nd) {
        assert_return(nd, NULL);

        return nd->event;
}

sd_ndisc *sd_ndisc_ref(sd_ndisc *nd) {

        if (!nd)
                return NULL;

        assert(nd->n_ref > 0);
        nd->n_ref++;

        return nd;
}

static int ndisc_reset(sd_ndisc *nd) {
        assert(nd);

        nd->recv_event_source = sd_event_source_unref(nd->recv_event_source);
        nd->fd = asynchronous_close(nd->fd);
        nd->timeout_event_source = sd_event_source_unref(nd->timeout_event_source);

        return 0;
}

sd_ndisc *sd_ndisc_unref(sd_ndisc *nd) {
        NDiscPrefix *prefix, *p;

        if (!nd)
                return NULL;

        assert(nd->n_ref > 0);
        nd->n_ref--;

        if (nd->n_ref > 0)
                return NULL;

        ndisc_reset(nd);
        sd_ndisc_detach_event(nd);

        LIST_FOREACH_SAFE(prefixes, prefix, p, nd->prefixes)
                prefix = ndisc_prefix_unref(prefix);

        free(nd);

        return NULL;
}

int sd_ndisc_new(sd_ndisc **ret) {
        _cleanup_(sd_ndisc_unrefp) sd_ndisc *nd = NULL;

        assert_return(ret, -EINVAL);

        nd = new0(sd_ndisc, 1);
        if (!nd)
                return -ENOMEM;

        nd->n_ref = 1;
        nd->ifindex = -1;
        nd->fd = -1;

        LIST_HEAD_INIT(nd->prefixes);

        *ret = nd;
        nd = NULL;

        return 0;
}

int sd_ndisc_get_mtu(sd_ndisc *nd, uint32_t *mtu) {
        assert_return(nd, -EINVAL);
        assert_return(mtu, -EINVAL);

        if (nd->mtu == 0)
                return -ENOMSG;

        *mtu = nd->mtu;
        return 0;
}

static int prefix_match(const struct in6_addr *prefix, uint8_t prefixlen,
                        const struct in6_addr *addr,
                        uint8_t addr_prefixlen) {
        uint8_t bytes, mask, len;

        assert(prefix);
        assert(addr);

        len = MIN(prefixlen, addr_prefixlen);

        bytes = len / 8;
        mask = 0xff << (8 - len % 8);

        if (memcmp(prefix, addr, bytes) != 0 ||
            (prefix->s6_addr[bytes] & mask) != (addr->s6_addr[bytes] & mask))
                return -EADDRNOTAVAIL;

        return 0;
}

static int ndisc_prefix_match(sd_ndisc *nd, const struct in6_addr *addr,
                              uint8_t addr_len, NDiscPrefix **result) {
        NDiscPrefix *prefix, *p;
        usec_t time_now;
        int r;

        assert(nd);

        r = sd_event_now(nd->event, clock_boottime_or_monotonic(), &time_now);
        if (r < 0)
                return r;

        LIST_FOREACH_SAFE(prefixes, prefix, p, nd->prefixes) {
                if (prefix->valid_until < time_now) {
                        prefix = ndisc_prefix_unref(prefix);
                        continue;
                }

                if (prefix_match(&prefix->addr, prefix->len, addr, addr_len) >= 0) {
                        *result = prefix;
                        return 0;
                }
        }

        return -EADDRNOTAVAIL;
}

static int ndisc_prefix_update(sd_ndisc *nd, ssize_t len,
                               const struct nd_opt_prefix_info *prefix_opt) {
        NDiscPrefix *prefix;
        uint32_t lifetime_valid, lifetime_preferred;
        usec_t time_now;
        char time_string[FORMAT_TIMESPAN_MAX];
        int r;

        assert(nd);
        assert(prefix_opt);

        if (len < prefix_opt->nd_opt_pi_len)
                return -EBADMSG;

        if (!(prefix_opt->nd_opt_pi_flags_reserved & (ND_OPT_PI_FLAG_ONLINK | ND_OPT_PI_FLAG_AUTO)))
                return 0;

        if (in_addr_is_link_local(AF_INET6, (const union in_addr_union *) &prefix_opt->nd_opt_pi_prefix) > 0)
                return 0;

        lifetime_valid = be32toh(prefix_opt->nd_opt_pi_valid_time);
        lifetime_preferred = be32toh(prefix_opt->nd_opt_pi_preferred_time);

        if (lifetime_valid < lifetime_preferred)
                return 0;

        r = ndisc_prefix_match(nd, &prefix_opt->nd_opt_pi_prefix,
                               prefix_opt->nd_opt_pi_prefix_len, &prefix);
        if (r < 0) {
                if (r != -EADDRNOTAVAIL)
                        return r;

                /* if router advertisement prefix valid timeout is zero, the timeout
                   callback will be called immediately to clean up the prefix */

                r = ndisc_prefix_new(nd, &prefix);
                if (r < 0)
                        return r;

                prefix->len = prefix_opt->nd_opt_pi_prefix_len;

                memcpy(&prefix->addr, &prefix_opt->nd_opt_pi_prefix,
                        sizeof(prefix->addr));

                log_ndisc(nd, "New prefix "SD_NDISC_ADDRESS_FORMAT_STR"/%d lifetime %d expires in %s",
                          SD_NDISC_ADDRESS_FORMAT_VAL(prefix->addr),
                          prefix->len, lifetime_valid,
                          format_timespan(time_string, FORMAT_TIMESPAN_MAX, lifetime_valid * USEC_PER_SEC, USEC_PER_SEC));

                LIST_PREPEND(prefixes, nd->prefixes, prefix);

        } else {
                if (prefix->len != prefix_opt->nd_opt_pi_prefix_len) {
                        uint8_t prefixlen;

                        prefixlen = MIN(prefix->len, prefix_opt->nd_opt_pi_prefix_len);

                        log_ndisc(nd, "Prefix length mismatch %d/%d using %d",
                                  prefix->len,
                                  prefix_opt->nd_opt_pi_prefix_len,
                                  prefixlen);

                        prefix->len = prefixlen;
                }

                log_ndisc(nd, "Update prefix "SD_NDISC_ADDRESS_FORMAT_STR"/%d lifetime %d expires in %s",
                          SD_NDISC_ADDRESS_FORMAT_VAL(prefix->addr),
                          prefix->len, lifetime_valid,
                          format_timespan(time_string, FORMAT_TIMESPAN_MAX, lifetime_valid * USEC_PER_SEC, USEC_PER_SEC));
        }

        r = sd_event_now(nd->event, clock_boottime_or_monotonic(), &time_now);
        if (r < 0)
                return r;

        prefix->valid_until = time_now + lifetime_valid * USEC_PER_SEC;

        if ((prefix_opt->nd_opt_pi_flags_reserved & ND_OPT_PI_FLAG_ONLINK) && nd->prefix_onlink_callback)
                nd->prefix_onlink_callback(nd, &prefix->addr, prefix->len, prefix->valid_until, nd->userdata);

        if ((prefix_opt->nd_opt_pi_flags_reserved & ND_OPT_PI_FLAG_AUTO) && nd->prefix_autonomous_callback)
                nd->prefix_autonomous_callback(nd, &prefix->addr, prefix->len, lifetime_preferred, lifetime_valid,
                                               nd->userdata);

        return 0;
}

static int ndisc_ra_parse(sd_ndisc *nd, struct nd_router_advert *ra, size_t len) {
        void *opt;
        struct nd_opt_hdr *opt_hdr;

        assert(nd);
        assert(ra);

        if (len < sizeof(struct nd_router_advert) + NDISC_OPT_LEN_UNITS) {
                log_ndisc(nd, "Router Advertisement below minimum length");
                return -EBADMSG;
        }

        len -= sizeof(struct nd_router_advert);
        opt = ra + 1;
        opt_hdr = opt;

        while (len != 0 && len >= opt_hdr->nd_opt_len * NDISC_OPT_LEN_UNITS) {
                struct nd_opt_mtu *opt_mtu;
                uint32_t mtu;
                struct nd_opt_prefix_info *opt_prefix;

                if (opt_hdr->nd_opt_len == 0)
                        return -EBADMSG;

                switch (opt_hdr->nd_opt_type) {
                case ND_OPT_MTU:
                        opt_mtu = opt;

                        mtu = be32toh(opt_mtu->nd_opt_mtu_mtu);

                        if (mtu != nd->mtu) {
                                nd->mtu = MAX(mtu, IP6_MIN_MTU);

                                log_ndisc(nd, "Router Advertisement link MTU %d using %d",
                                          mtu, nd->mtu);
                        }

                        break;

                case ND_OPT_PREFIX_INFORMATION:
                        opt_prefix = opt;

                        ndisc_prefix_update(nd, len, opt_prefix);

                        break;
                }

                len -= opt_hdr->nd_opt_len * NDISC_OPT_LEN_UNITS;
                opt = (void *)((char *)opt +
                        opt_hdr->nd_opt_len * NDISC_OPT_LEN_UNITS);
                opt_hdr = opt;
        }

        if (len > 0)
                log_ndisc(nd, "Router Advertisement contains %zd bytes of trailing garbage", len);

        return 0;
}

static int ndisc_router_advertisement_recv(sd_event_source *s, int fd, uint32_t revents, void *userdata) {
        _cleanup_free_ struct nd_router_advert *ra = NULL;
        sd_ndisc *nd = userdata;
        union {
                struct cmsghdr cmsghdr;
                uint8_t buf[CMSG_LEN(sizeof(int))];
        } control = {};
        struct iovec iov = {};
        union sockaddr_union sa = {};
        struct msghdr msg = {
                .msg_name = &sa.sa,
                .msg_namelen = sizeof(sa),
                .msg_iov = &iov,
                .msg_iovlen = 1,
                .msg_control = &control,
                .msg_controllen = sizeof(control),
        };
        struct cmsghdr *cmsg;
        struct in6_addr *gw;
        unsigned lifetime;
        ssize_t len, buflen;
        int r, pref, stateful;

        assert(s);
        assert(nd);
        assert(nd->event);

        buflen = next_datagram_size_fd(fd);
        if (buflen < 0)
                return buflen;

        iov.iov_len = buflen;

        ra = malloc(iov.iov_len);
        if (!ra)
                return -ENOMEM;

        iov.iov_base = ra;

        len = recvmsg(fd, &msg, 0);
        if (len < 0) {
                if (errno == EAGAIN || errno == EINTR)
                        return 0;

                return log_ndisc_errno(nd, errno, "Could not receive message from ICMPv6 socket: %m");
        }
        if ((size_t) len < sizeof(struct nd_router_advert)) {
                log_ndisc(nd, "Too small to be a router advertisement: ignoring");
                return 0;
        }

        if (msg.msg_namelen == 0)
                gw = NULL; /* only happens when running the test-suite over a socketpair */
        else if (msg.msg_namelen != sizeof(sa.in6)) {
                log_ndisc(nd, "Received invalid source address size from ICMPv6 socket: %zu bytes", (size_t)msg.msg_namelen);
                return 0;
        } else
                gw = &sa.in6.sin6_addr;

        assert(!(msg.msg_flags & MSG_CTRUNC));
        assert(!(msg.msg_flags & MSG_TRUNC));

        CMSG_FOREACH(cmsg, &msg) {
                if (cmsg->cmsg_level == SOL_IPV6 &&
                    cmsg->cmsg_type == IPV6_HOPLIMIT &&
                    cmsg->cmsg_len == CMSG_LEN(sizeof(int))) {
                        int hops = *(int*)CMSG_DATA(cmsg);

                        if (hops != 255) {
                                log_ndisc(nd, "Received RA with invalid hop limit %d. Ignoring.", hops);
                                return 0;
                        }

                        break;
                }
        }

        if (gw && !in_addr_is_link_local(AF_INET6, (const union in_addr_union*) gw)) {
                _cleanup_free_ char *addr = NULL;

                (void)in_addr_to_string(AF_INET6, (const union in_addr_union*) gw, &addr);

                log_ndisc(nd, "Received RA from non-link-local address %s. Ignoring.", strna(addr));
                return 0;
        }

        if (ra->nd_ra_type != ND_ROUTER_ADVERT)
                return 0;

        if (ra->nd_ra_code != 0)
                return 0;

        nd->timeout_event_source = sd_event_source_unref(nd->timeout_event_source);

        nd->state = NDISC_STATE_ADVERTISEMENT_LISTEN;

        stateful = ra->nd_ra_flags_reserved & (ND_RA_FLAG_MANAGED | ND_RA_FLAG_OTHER);
        pref = (ra->nd_ra_flags_reserved & ND_RA_FLAG_PREF) >> 3;

        if (!IN_SET(pref, ND_RA_FLAG_PREF_LOW, ND_RA_FLAG_PREF_HIGH))
                pref = ND_RA_FLAG_PREF_MEDIUM;

        lifetime = be16toh(ra->nd_ra_router_lifetime);

        log_ndisc(nd, "Received Router Advertisement: flags %s preference %s lifetime %u sec",
                  stateful & ND_RA_FLAG_MANAGED ? "MANAGED" : stateful & ND_RA_FLAG_OTHER ? "OTHER" : "none",
                  pref == ND_RA_FLAG_PREF_HIGH ? "high" : pref == ND_RA_FLAG_PREF_LOW ? "low" : "medium",
                  lifetime);

        r = ndisc_ra_parse(nd, ra, (size_t) len);
        if (r < 0) {
                log_ndisc_errno(nd, r, "Could not parse Router Advertisement: %m");
                return 0;
        }

        if (nd->router_callback)
                nd->router_callback(nd, stateful, gw, lifetime, pref, nd->userdata);

        return 0;
}

static int ndisc_router_solicitation_timeout(sd_event_source *s, uint64_t usec, void *userdata) {
        sd_ndisc *nd = userdata;
        uint64_t time_now, next_timeout;
        int r;

        assert(s);
        assert(nd);
        assert(nd->event);

        nd->timeout_event_source = sd_event_source_unref(nd->timeout_event_source);

        if (nd->nd_sent >= NDISC_MAX_ROUTER_SOLICITATIONS) {
                if (nd->callback)
                        nd->callback(nd, SD_NDISC_EVENT_TIMEOUT, nd->userdata);
                nd->state = NDISC_STATE_ADVERTISEMENT_LISTEN;
        } else {
                r = icmp6_send_router_solicitation(nd->fd, &nd->mac_addr);
                if (r < 0) {
                        log_ndisc_errno(nd, r, "Error sending Router Solicitation: %m");
                        goto fail;
                } else {
                        nd->state = NDISC_STATE_SOLICITATION_SENT;
                        log_ndisc(nd, "Sent Router Solicitation");
                }

                nd->nd_sent++;

                assert_se(sd_event_now(nd->event, clock_boottime_or_monotonic(), &time_now) >= 0);

                next_timeout = time_now + NDISC_ROUTER_SOLICITATION_INTERVAL;

                r = sd_event_add_time(nd->event, &nd->timeout_event_source, clock_boottime_or_monotonic(),
                                      next_timeout, 0,
                                      ndisc_router_solicitation_timeout, nd);
                if (r < 0) {
                        log_ndisc_errno(nd, r, "Failed to allocate timer event: %m");
                        goto fail;
                }

                r = sd_event_source_set_priority(nd->timeout_event_source, nd->event_priority);
                if (r < 0) {
                        log_ndisc_errno(nd, r, "Cannot set timer priority: %m");
                        goto fail;
                }

                (void) sd_event_source_set_description(nd->timeout_event_source, "ndisc-timeout");
        }

        return 0;

fail:
        sd_ndisc_stop(nd);
        return 0;
}

int sd_ndisc_stop(sd_ndisc *nd) {
        assert_return(nd, -EINVAL);

        if (nd->state == NDISC_STATE_IDLE)
                return 0;

        log_ndisc(nd, "Stopping IPv6 Router Solicitation client");

        ndisc_reset(nd);
        nd->state = NDISC_STATE_IDLE;

        if (nd->callback)
                nd->callback(nd, SD_NDISC_EVENT_STOP, nd->userdata);

        return 0;
}

int sd_ndisc_router_discovery_start(sd_ndisc *nd) {
        int r;

        assert_return(nd, -EINVAL);
        assert_return(nd->event, -EINVAL);
        assert_return(nd->ifindex > 0, -EINVAL);
        assert_return(nd->state == NDISC_STATE_IDLE, -EBUSY);

        r = icmp6_bind_router_solicitation(nd->ifindex);
        if (r < 0)
                return r;

        nd->fd = r;

        r = sd_event_add_io(nd->event, &nd->recv_event_source, nd->fd, EPOLLIN, ndisc_router_advertisement_recv, nd);
        if (r < 0)
                goto fail;

        r = sd_event_source_set_priority(nd->recv_event_source, nd->event_priority);
        if (r < 0)
                goto fail;

        (void) sd_event_source_set_description(nd->recv_event_source, "ndisc-receive-message");

        r = sd_event_add_time(nd->event, &nd->timeout_event_source, clock_boottime_or_monotonic(), 0, 0, ndisc_router_solicitation_timeout, nd);
        if (r < 0)
                goto fail;

        r = sd_event_source_set_priority(nd->timeout_event_source, nd->event_priority);
        if (r < 0)
                goto fail;

        (void) sd_event_source_set_description(nd->timeout_event_source, "ndisc-timeout");

        log_ndisc(ns, "Started IPv6 Router Solicitation client");
        return 0;

fail:
        ndisc_reset(nd);
        return r;
}