path: root/src/python-systemd/_reader.c

/*-*- Mode: C; c-basic-offset: 4; indent-tabs-mode: nil -*-*/

/***
  This file is part of systemd.

  Copyright 2013 Steven Hiscocks, Zbigniew Jędrzejewski-Szmek

  systemd is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
  under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as published by
  the Free Software Foundation; either version 2.1 of the License, or
  (at your option) any later version.

  systemd is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but
  WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
  MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU
  Lesser General Public License for more details.

  You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public License
  along with systemd; If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
***/

#include <Python.h>
#include <structmember.h>
#include <datetime.h>
#include <time.h>
#include <stdio.h>

#include <systemd/sd-journal.h>

#include "pyutil.h"
#include "macro.h"
#include "util.h"
#include "strv.h"
#include "build.h"

typedef struct {
    PyObject_HEAD
    sd_journal *j;
} Reader;
static PyTypeObject ReaderType;


PyDoc_STRVAR(module__doc__,
             "Class to reads the systemd journal similar to journalctl.");


#if PY_MAJOR_VERSION >= 3
static PyTypeObject MonotonicType;

PyDoc_STRVAR(MonotonicType__doc__,
             "A tuple of (timestamp, bootid) for holding monotonic timestamps");

static PyStructSequence_Field MonotonicType_fields[] = {
    {(char*) "timestamp", (char*) "Time"},
    {(char*) "bootid", (char*) "Unique identifier of the boot"},
    {} /* Sentinel */
};

static PyStructSequence_Desc Monotonic_desc = {
    (char*) "journal.Monotonic",
    MonotonicType__doc__,
    MonotonicType_fields,
    2,
};
#endif

static int strv_converter(PyObject* obj, void *_result) {
        char ***result = _result;
        Py_ssize_t i, len;

        assert(result);

        if (!obj)
            goto cleanup;

        if (!PySequence_Check(obj))
            return 0;

        len = PySequence_Length(obj);
        *result = new0(char*, len + 1);

        for (i = 0; i < len; i++) {
            PyObject *item;
#if PY_MAJOR_VERSION >=3 && PY_MINOR_VERSION >= 1
            int r;
            PyObject *bytes;
#endif
            char *s, *s2;

            item = PySequence_ITEM(obj, i);
#if PY_MAJOR_VERSION >=3 && PY_MINOR_VERSION >= 1
            r = PyUnicode_FSConverter(item, &bytes);
            if (r == 0)
                goto cleanup;

            s = PyBytes_AsString(bytes);
#else
            s = PyString_AsString(item);
#endif
            if (!s)
                goto cleanup;

            s2 = strdup(s);
            if (!s2)
                log_oom();

            (*result)[i] = s2;
        }

        return 1;

cleanup:
        strv_free(*result);
        *result = NULL;

        return 0;
}

static void Reader_dealloc(Reader* self)
{
    sd_journal_close(self->j);
    Py_TYPE(self)->tp_free((PyObject*)self);
}

PyDoc_STRVAR(Reader__doc__,
             "_Reader([flags | path | files]) -> ...\n\n"
             "_Reader allows filtering and retrieval of Journal entries.\n"
             "Note: this is a low-level interface, and probably not what you\n"
             "want, use systemd.journal.Reader instead.\n\n"
             "Argument `flags` sets open flags of the journal, which can be one\n"
             "of, or ORed combination of constants: LOCAL_ONLY (default) opens\n"
             "journal on local machine only; RUNTIME_ONLY opens only\n"
             "volatile journal files; and SYSTEM opens journal files of\n"
             "system services and the kernel, and CURRENT_USER opens files\n"
             "of the current user.\n\n"
             "Argument `path` is the directory of journal files.\n"
             "Argument `files` is a list of files. Note that\n"
             "`flags`, `path`, and `files` are exclusive.\n\n"
             "_Reader implements the context manager protocol: the journal\n"
             "will be closed when exiting the block.");
static int Reader_init(Reader *self, PyObject *args, PyObject *keywds)
{
    int flags = 0, r;
    char *path = NULL;
    char **files = NULL;

    static const char* const kwlist[] = {"flags", "path", "files", NULL};
    if (!PyArg_ParseTupleAndKeywords(args, keywds, "|izO&", (char**) kwlist,
                                     &flags, &path, strv_converter, &files))
        return -1;

    if (!!flags + !!path + !!files > 1) {
        PyErr_SetString(PyExc_ValueError, "cannot use more than one of flags, path, and files");
        return -1;
    }

    if (!flags)
        flags = SD_JOURNAL_LOCAL_ONLY;

    Py_BEGIN_ALLOW_THREADS
    if (path)
        r = sd_journal_open_directory(&self->j, path, 0);
    else if (files)
        r = sd_journal_open_files(&self->j, (const char**) files, 0);
    else
        r = sd_journal_open(&self->j, flags);
    Py_END_ALLOW_THREADS

    return set_error(r, path, "Invalid flags or path");
}


PyDoc_STRVAR(Reader_fileno__doc__,
             "fileno() -> int\n\n"
             "Get a file descriptor to poll for changes in the journal.\n"
             "This method invokes sd_journal_get_fd().\n"
             "See man:sd_journal_get_fd(3).");
static PyObject* Reader_fileno(Reader *self, PyObject *args)
{
    int fd = sd_journal_get_fd(self->j);
    set_error(fd, NULL, NULL);
    if (fd < 0)
        return NULL;
    return long_FromLong(fd);
}


PyDoc_STRVAR(Reader_reliable_fd__doc__,
             "reliable_fd() -> bool\n\n"
             "Returns True iff the journal can be polled reliably.\n"
             "This method invokes sd_journal_reliable_fd().\n"
             "See man:sd_journal_reliable_fd(3).");
static PyObject* Reader_reliable_fd(Reader *self, PyObject *args)
{
    int r = sd_journal_reliable_fd(self->j);
    set_error(r, NULL, NULL);
    if (r < 0)
        return NULL;
    return PyBool_FromLong(r);
}


PyDoc_STRVAR(Reader_get_events__doc__,
             "get_events() -> int\n\n"
             "Returns a mask of poll() events to wait for on the file\n"
             "descriptor returned by .fileno().\n\n"
             "See man:sd_journal_get_events(3) for further discussion.");
static PyObject* Reader_get_events(Reader *self, PyObject *args)
{
    int r = sd_journal_get_events(self->j);
    set_error(r, NULL, NULL);
    if (r < 0)
        return NULL;
    return long_FromLong(r);
}


PyDoc_STRVAR(Reader_get_timeout__doc__,
             "get_timeout() -> int or None\n\n"
             "Returns a timeout value for usage in poll(), the time since the\n"
             "epoch of clock_gettime(2) in microseconds, or None if no timeout\n"
             "is necessary.\n\n"
             "The return value must be converted to a relative timeout in\n"
             "milliseconds if it is to be used as an argument for poll().\n"
             "See man:sd_journal_get_timeout(3) for further discussion.");
static PyObject* Reader_get_timeout(Reader *self, PyObject *args)
{
    int r;
    uint64_t t;

    r = sd_journal_get_timeout(self->j, &t);
    set_error(r, NULL, NULL);
    if (r < 0)
        return NULL;

    if (t == (uint64_t) -1)
        Py_RETURN_NONE;

    assert_cc(sizeof(unsigned long long) == sizeof(t));
    return PyLong_FromUnsignedLongLong(t);
}


PyDoc_STRVAR(Reader_get_timeout_ms__doc__,
             "get_timeout_ms() -> int\n\n"
             "Returns a timeout value suitable for usage in poll(), the value\n"
             "returned by .get_timeout() converted to relative ms, or -1 if\n"
             "no timeout is necessary.");
static PyObject* Reader_get_timeout_ms(Reader *self, PyObject *args)
{
    int r;
    uint64_t t;

    r = sd_journal_get_timeout(self->j, &t);
    set_error(r, NULL, NULL);
    if (r < 0)
        return NULL;

    return absolute_timeout(t);
}


PyDoc_STRVAR(Reader_close__doc__,
             "close() -> None\n\n"
             "Free resources allocated by this Reader object.\n"
             "This method invokes sd_journal_close().\n"
             "See man:sd_journal_close(3).");
static PyObject* Reader_close(Reader *self, PyObject *args)
{
    assert(self);
    assert(!args);

    sd_journal_close(self->j);
    self->j = NULL;
    Py_RETURN_NONE;
}


PyDoc_STRVAR(Reader_get_usage__doc__,
             "get_usage() -> int\n\n"
             "Returns the total disk space currently used by journal\n"
             "files (in bytes). If `SD_JOURNAL_LOCAL_ONLY` was\n"
             "passed when opening the journal this value will only reflect\n"
             "the size of journal files of the local host, otherwise\n"
             "of all hosts.\n\n"
             "This method invokes sd_journal_get_usage().\n"
             "See man:sd_journal_get_usage(3).");
static PyObject* Reader_get_usage(Reader *self, PyObject *args)
{
    int r;
    uint64_t bytes;

    r = sd_journal_get_usage(self->j, &bytes);
    if (set_error(r, NULL, NULL))
        return NULL;

    assert_cc(sizeof(unsigned long long) == sizeof(bytes));
    return PyLong_FromUnsignedLongLong(bytes);
}


PyDoc_STRVAR(Reader___enter____doc__,
             "__enter__() -> self\n\n"
             "Part of the context manager protocol.\n"
             "Returns self.\n");
static PyObject* Reader___enter__(PyObject *self, PyObject *args)
{
    assert(self);
    assert(!args);

    Py_INCREF(self);
    return self;
}

PyDoc_STRVAR(Reader___exit____doc__,
             "__exit__(type, value, traceback) -> None\n\n"
             "Part of the context manager protocol.\n"
             "Closes the journal.\n");
static PyObject* Reader___exit__(Reader *self, PyObject *args)
{
    return Reader_close(self, args);
}


PyDoc_STRVAR(Reader_next__doc__,
             "next([skip]) -> bool\n\n"
             "Go to the next log entry. Optional skip value means to go to\n"
             "the `skip`\\-th log entry.\n"
             "Returns False if at end of file, True otherwise.");
static PyObject* Reader_next(Reader *self, PyObject *args)
{
    int64_t skip = 1LL;
    int r;

    if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args, "|L:next", &skip))
        return NULL;

    if (skip == 0LL) {
        PyErr_SetString(PyExc_ValueError, "skip must be nonzero");
        return NULL;
    }

    Py_BEGIN_ALLOW_THREADS
    if (skip == 1LL)
        r = sd_journal_next(self->j);
    else if (skip == -1LL)
        r = sd_journal_previous(self->j);
    else if (skip > 1LL)
        r = sd_journal_next_skip(self->j, skip);
    else if (skip < -1LL)
        r = sd_journal_previous_skip(self->j, -skip);
    else
        assert_not_reached("should not be here");
    Py_END_ALLOW_THREADS

    set_error(r, NULL, NULL);
    if (r < 0)
        return NULL;
    return PyBool_FromLong(r);
}

PyDoc_STRVAR(Reader_previous__doc__,
             "previous([skip]) -> bool\n\n"
             "Go to the previous log entry. Optional skip value means to \n"
             "go to the `skip`\\-th previous log entry.\n"
             "Returns False if at start of file, True otherwise.");
static PyObject* Reader_previous(Reader *self, PyObject *args)
{
    int64_t skip = 1LL;
    if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args, "|L:previous", &skip))
        return NULL;

    return PyObject_CallMethod((PyObject *)self, (char*) "_next",
                               (char*) "L", -skip);
}


static int extract(const char* msg, size_t msg_len,
                   PyObject **key, PyObject **value) {
    PyObject *k = NULL, *v;
    const char *delim_ptr;

    delim_ptr = memchr(msg, '=', msg_len);
    if (!delim_ptr) {
        PyErr_SetString(PyExc_OSError,
                        "journal gave us a field without '='");
        return -1;
    }

    if (key) {
        k = unicode_FromStringAndSize(msg, delim_ptr - (const char*) msg);
        if (!k)
            return -1;
    }

    if (value) {
        v = PyBytes_FromStringAndSize(delim_ptr + 1,
                             (const char*) msg + msg_len - (delim_ptr + 1));
        if (!v) {
            Py_XDECREF(k);
            return -1;
        }

        *value = v;
    }

    if (key)
        *key = k;

    return 0;
}

PyDoc_STRVAR(Reader_get__doc__,
             "get(str) -> str\n\n"
             "Return data associated with this key in current log entry.\n"
             "Throws KeyError is the data is not available.");
static PyObject* Reader_get(Reader *self, PyObject *args)
{
    const char* field;
    const void* msg;
    size_t msg_len;
    PyObject *value;
    int r;

    assert(self);
    assert(args);

    if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args, "s:get", &field))
        return NULL;

    r = sd_journal_get_data(self->j, field, &msg, &msg_len);
    if (r == -ENOENT) {
        PyErr_SetString(PyExc_KeyError, field);
        return NULL;
    } else if (set_error(r, NULL, "field name is not valid"))
        return NULL;

    r = extract(msg, msg_len, NULL, &value);
    if (r < 0)
        return NULL;
    return value;
}


PyDoc_STRVAR(Reader_get_all__doc__,
             "_get_all() -> dict\n\n"
             "Return dictionary of the current log entry.");
static PyObject* Reader_get_all(Reader *self, PyObject *args)
{
    PyObject *dict;
    const void *msg;
    size_t msg_len;
    int r;

    dict = PyDict_New();
    if (!dict)
            return NULL;

    SD_JOURNAL_FOREACH_DATA(self->j, msg, msg_len) {
        _cleanup_Py_DECREF_ PyObject *key = NULL, *value = NULL;

        r = extract(msg, msg_len, &key, &value);
        if (r < 0)
            goto error;

        if (PyDict_Contains(dict, key)) {
            PyObject *cur_value = PyDict_GetItem(dict, key);

            if (PyList_CheckExact(cur_value)) {
                r = PyList_Append(cur_value, value);
                if (r < 0)
                    goto error;
            } else {
                _cleanup_Py_DECREF_ PyObject *tmp_list = PyList_New(0);
                if (!tmp_list)
                    goto error;

                r = PyList_Append(tmp_list, cur_value);
                if (r < 0)
                    goto error;

                r = PyList_Append(tmp_list, value);
                if (r < 0)
                    goto error;

                r = PyDict_SetItem(dict, key, tmp_list);
                if (r < 0)
                    goto error;
            }
        } else {
            r = PyDict_SetItem(dict, key, value);
            if (r < 0)
                goto error;
        }
    }

    return dict;

error:
    Py_DECREF(dict);
    return NULL;
}


PyDoc_STRVAR(Reader_get_realtime__doc__,
             "get_realtime() -> int\n\n"
             "Return the realtime timestamp for the current journal entry\n"
             "in microseconds.\n\n"
             "Wraps sd_journal_get_realtime_usec().\n"
             "See man:sd_journal_get_realtime_usec(3).");
static PyObject* Reader_get_realtime(Reader *self, PyObject *args)
{
    uint64_t timestamp;
    int r;

    assert(self);
    assert(!args);

    r = sd_journal_get_realtime_usec(self->j, &timestamp);
    if (set_error(r, NULL, NULL))
        return NULL;

    assert_cc(sizeof(unsigned long long) == sizeof(timestamp));
    return PyLong_FromUnsignedLongLong(timestamp);
}


PyDoc_STRVAR(Reader_get_monotonic__doc__,
             "get_monotonic() -> (timestamp, bootid)\n\n"
             "Return the monotonic timestamp for the current journal entry\n"
             "as a tuple of time in microseconds and bootid.\n\n"
             "Wraps sd_journal_get_monotonic_usec().\n"
             "See man:sd_journal_get_monotonic_usec(3).");
static PyObject* Reader_get_monotonic(Reader *self, PyObject *args)
{
    uint64_t timestamp;
    sd_id128_t id;
    PyObject *monotonic, *bootid, *tuple;
    int r;

    assert(self);
    assert(!args);

    r = sd_journal_get_monotonic_usec(self->j, &timestamp, &id);
    if (set_error(r, NULL, NULL))
        return NULL;

    assert_cc(sizeof(unsigned long long) == sizeof(timestamp));
    monotonic = PyLong_FromUnsignedLongLong(timestamp);
    bootid = PyBytes_FromStringAndSize((const char*) &id.bytes, sizeof(id.bytes));
#if PY_MAJOR_VERSION >= 3
    tuple = PyStructSequence_New(&MonotonicType);
#else
    tuple = PyTuple_New(2);
#endif
    if (!monotonic || !bootid || !tuple) {
        Py_XDECREF(monotonic);
        Py_XDECREF(bootid);
        Py_XDECREF(tuple);
        return NULL;
    }

#if PY_MAJOR_VERSION >= 3
    PyStructSequence_SET_ITEM(tuple, 0, monotonic);
    PyStructSequence_SET_ITEM(tuple, 1, bootid);
#else
    PyTuple_SET_ITEM(tuple, 0, monotonic);
    PyTuple_SET_ITEM(tuple, 1, bootid);
#endif

    return tuple;
}

PyDoc_STRVAR(Reader_add_match__doc__,
             "add_match(match) -> None\n\n"
             "Add a match to filter journal log entries. All matches of different\n"
             "fields are combined with logical AND, and matches of the same field\n"
             "are automatically combined with logical OR.\n"
             "Match is a string of the form \"FIELD=value\".");
static PyObject* Reader_add_match(Reader *self, PyObject *args, PyObject *keywds)
{
    char *match;
    int match_len, r;
    if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args, "s#:add_match", &match, &match_len))
        return NULL;

    r = sd_journal_add_match(self->j, match, match_len);
    set_error(r, NULL, "Invalid match");
    if (r < 0)
            return NULL;

    Py_RETURN_NONE;
}


PyDoc_STRVAR(Reader_add_disjunction__doc__,
             "add_disjunction() -> None\n\n"
             "Inserts a logical OR between matches added since previous\n"
             "add_disjunction() or add_conjunction() and the next\n"
             "add_disjunction() or add_conjunction().\n\n"
             "See man:sd_journal_add_disjunction(3) for explanation.");
static PyObject* Reader_add_disjunction(Reader *self, PyObject *args)
{
    int r;
    r = sd_journal_add_disjunction(self->j);
    set_error(r, NULL, NULL);
    if (r < 0)
        return NULL;
    Py_RETURN_NONE;
}


PyDoc_STRVAR(Reader_add_conjunction__doc__,
             "add_conjunction() -> None\n\n"
             "Inserts a logical AND between matches added since previous\n"
             "add_disjunction() or add_conjunction() and the next\n"
             "add_disjunction() or add_conjunction().\n\n"
             "See man:sd_journal_add_disjunction(3) for explanation.");
static PyObject* Reader_add_conjunction(Reader *self, PyObject *args)
{
    int r;
    r = sd_journal_add_conjunction(self->j);
    set_error(r, NULL, NULL);
    if (r < 0)
        return NULL;
    Py_RETURN_NONE;
}


PyDoc_STRVAR(Reader_flush_matches__doc__,
             "flush_matches() -> None\n\n"
             "Clear all current match filters.");
static PyObject* Reader_flush_matches(Reader *self, PyObject *args)
{
    sd_journal_flush_matches(self->j);
    Py_RETURN_NONE;
}


PyDoc_STRVAR(Reader_seek_head__doc__,
             "seek_head() -> None\n\n"
             "Jump to the beginning of the journal.\n"
             "This method invokes sd_journal_seek_head().\n"
             "See man:sd_journal_seek_head(3).");
static PyObject* Reader_seek_head(Reader *self, PyObject *args)
{
    int r;
    Py_BEGIN_ALLOW_THREADS
    r = sd_journal_seek_head(self->j);
    Py_END_ALLOW_THREADS
    if (set_error(r, NULL, NULL))
        return NULL;
    Py_RETURN_NONE;
}


PyDoc_STRVAR(Reader_seek_tail__doc__,
             "seek_tail() -> None\n\n"
             "Jump to the end of the journal.\n"
             "This method invokes sd_journal_seek_tail().\n"
             "See man:sd_journal_seek_tail(3).");
static PyObject* Reader_seek_tail(Reader *self, PyObject *args)
{
    int r;
    Py_BEGIN_ALLOW_THREADS
    r = sd_journal_seek_tail(self->j);
    Py_END_ALLOW_THREADS
    if (set_error(r, NULL, NULL))
        return NULL;
    Py_RETURN_NONE;
}


PyDoc_STRVAR(Reader_seek_realtime__doc__,
             "seek_realtime(realtime) -> None\n\n"
             "Seek to nearest matching journal entry to `realtime`. Argument\n"
             "`realtime` in specified in seconds.");
static PyObject* Reader_seek_realtime(Reader *self, PyObject *args)
{
    uint64_t timestamp;
    int r;

    if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args, "K:seek_realtime", &timestamp))
        return NULL;

    Py_BEGIN_ALLOW_THREADS
    r = sd_journal_seek_realtime_usec(self->j, timestamp);
    Py_END_ALLOW_THREADS
    if (set_error(r, NULL, NULL))
        return NULL;
    Py_RETURN_NONE;
}


PyDoc_STRVAR(Reader_seek_monotonic__doc__,
             "seek_monotonic(monotonic[, bootid]) -> None\n\n"
             "Seek to nearest matching journal entry to `monotonic`. Argument\n"
             "`monotonic` is an timestamp from boot in microseconds.\n"
             "Argument `bootid` is a string representing which boot the\n"
             "monotonic time is reference to. Defaults to current bootid.");
static PyObject* Reader_seek_monotonic(Reader *self, PyObject *args)
{
    char *bootid = NULL;
    uint64_t timestamp;
    sd_id128_t id;
    int r;

    if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args, "K|z:seek_monotonic", &timestamp, &bootid))
        return NULL;

    if (bootid) {
        r = sd_id128_from_string(bootid, &id);
        if (set_error(r, NULL, "Invalid bootid"))
            return NULL;
    } else {
        Py_BEGIN_ALLOW_THREADS
        r = sd_id128_get_boot(&id);
        Py_END_ALLOW_THREADS
        if (set_error(r, NULL, NULL))
            return NULL;
    }

    Py_BEGIN_ALLOW_THREADS
    r = sd_journal_seek_monotonic_usec(self->j, id, timestamp);
    Py_END_ALLOW_THREADS
    if (set_error(r, NULL, NULL))
        return NULL;

    Py_RETURN_NONE;
}


PyDoc_STRVAR(Reader_process__doc__,
             "process() -> state change (integer)\n\n"
             "Process events and reset the readable state of the file\n"
             "descriptor returned by .fileno().\n\n"
             "Will return constants: NOP if no change; APPEND if new\n"
             "entries have been added to the end of the journal; and\n"
             "INVALIDATE if journal files have been added or removed.\n\n"
             "See man:sd_journal_process(3) for further discussion.");
static PyObject* Reader_process(Reader *self, PyObject *args)
{
    int r;

    assert(!args);

    Py_BEGIN_ALLOW_THREADS
    r = sd_journal_process(self->j);
    Py_END_ALLOW_THREADS
    if (set_error(r, NULL, NULL) < 0)
        return NULL;

    return long_FromLong(r);
}


PyDoc_STRVAR(Reader_wait__doc__,
             "wait([timeout]) -> state change (integer)\n\n"
             "Wait for a change in the journal. Argument `timeout` specifies\n"
             "the maximum number of microseconds to wait before returning\n"
             "regardless of wheter the journal has changed. If `timeout` is -1,\n"
             "then block forever.\n\n"
             "Will return constants: NOP if no change; APPEND if new\n"
             "entries have been added to the end of the journal; and\n"
             "INVALIDATE if journal files have been added or removed.\n\n"
             "See man:sd_journal_wait(3) for further discussion.");
static PyObject* Reader_wait(Reader *self, PyObject *args)
{
    int r;
    int64_t timeout;

    if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args, "|L:wait", &timeout))
        return NULL;

    Py_BEGIN_ALLOW_THREADS
    r = sd_journal_wait(self->j, timeout);
    Py_END_ALLOW_THREADS
    if (set_error(r, NULL, NULL) < 0)
        return NULL;

    return long_FromLong(r);
}


PyDoc_STRVAR(Reader_seek_cursor__doc__,
             "seek_cursor(cursor) -> None\n\n"
             "Seek to journal entry by given unique reference `cursor`.");
static PyObject* Reader_seek_cursor(Reader *self, PyObject *args)
{
    const char *cursor;
    int r;

    if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args, "s:seek_cursor", &cursor))
        return NULL;

    Py_BEGIN_ALLOW_THREADS
    r = sd_journal_seek_cursor(self->j, cursor);
    Py_END_ALLOW_THREADS
    if (set_error(r, NULL, "Invalid cursor"))
        return NULL;
    Py_RETURN_NONE;
}


PyDoc_STRVAR(Reader_get_cursor__doc__,
             "get_cursor() -> str\n\n"
             "Return a cursor string for the current journal entry.\n\n"
             "Wraps sd_journal_get_cursor(). See man:sd_journal_get_cursor(3).");
static PyObject* Reader_get_cursor(Reader *self, PyObject *args)
{
    _cleanup_free_ char *cursor = NULL;
    int r;

    assert(self);
    assert(!args);

    r = sd_journal_get_cursor(self->j, &cursor);
    if (set_error(r, NULL, NULL))
        return NULL;

    return unicode_FromString(cursor);
}


PyDoc_STRVAR(Reader_test_cursor__doc__,
             "test_cursor(str) -> bool\n\n"
             "Test whether the cursor string matches current journal entry.\n\n"
             "Wraps sd_journal_test_cursor(). See man:sd_journal_test_cursor(3).");
static PyObject* Reader_test_cursor(Reader *self, PyObject *args)
{
    const char *cursor;
    int r;

    assert(self);
    assert(args);

    if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args, "s:test_cursor", &cursor))
        return NULL;

    r = sd_journal_test_cursor(self->j, cursor);
    set_error(r, NULL, NULL);
    if (r < 0)
        return NULL;

    return PyBool_FromLong(r);
}

PyDoc_STRVAR(Reader_query_unique__doc__,
             "query_unique(field) -> a set of values\n\n"
             "Return a set of unique values appearing in journal for the\n"
             "given `field`. Note this does not respect any journal matches.");
static PyObject* Reader_query_unique(Reader *self, PyObject *args)
{
    char *query;
    int r;
    const void *uniq;
    size_t uniq_len;
    PyObject *value_set, *key, *value;

    if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args, "s:query_unique", &query))
        return NULL;

    Py_BEGIN_ALLOW_THREADS
    r = sd_journal_query_unique(self->j, query);
    Py_END_ALLOW_THREADS
    if (set_error(r, NULL, "Invalid field name"))
        return NULL;

    value_set = PySet_New(0);
    key = unicode_FromString(query);

    SD_JOURNAL_FOREACH_UNIQUE(self->j, uniq, uniq_len) {
        const char *delim_ptr;

        delim_ptr = memchr(uniq, '=', uniq_len);
        value = PyBytes_FromStringAndSize(
            delim_ptr + 1,
            (const char*) uniq + uniq_len - (delim_ptr + 1));
        PySet_Add(value_set, value);
        Py_DECREF(value);
    }
    Py_DECREF(key);
    return value_set;
}


PyDoc_STRVAR(Reader_get_catalog__doc__,
             "get_catalog() -> str\n\n"
             "Retrieve a message catalog entry for the current journal entry.\n"
             "Will throw IndexError if the entry has no MESSAGE_ID\n"
             "and KeyError is the id is specified, but hasn't been found\n"
             "in the catalog.\n\n"
             "Wraps man:sd_journal_get_catalog(3).");
static PyObject* Reader_get_catalog(Reader *self, PyObject *args)
{
    int r;
    _cleanup_free_ char *msg = NULL;

    assert(self);
    assert(!args);

    Py_BEGIN_ALLOW_THREADS
    r = sd_journal_get_catalog(self->j, &msg);
    Py_END_ALLOW_THREADS
    if (r == -ENOENT) {
        const void* mid;
        size_t mid_len;

        r = sd_journal_get_data(self->j, "MESSAGE_ID", &mid, &mid_len);
        if (r == 0) {
            const int l = sizeof("MESSAGE_ID");
            assert(mid_len > l);
            PyErr_Format(PyExc_KeyError, "%.*s", (int) mid_len - l,
                         (const char*) mid + l);
        } else if (r == -ENOENT)
            PyErr_SetString(PyExc_IndexError, "no MESSAGE_ID field");
        else
            set_error(r, NULL, NULL);
        return NULL;
    } else if (set_error(r, NULL, NULL))
        return NULL;

    return unicode_FromString(msg);
}


PyDoc_STRVAR(get_catalog__doc__,
             "get_catalog(id128) -> str\n\n"
             "Retrieve a message catalog entry for the given id.\n"
             "Wraps man:sd_journal_get_catalog_for_message_id(3).");
static PyObject* get_catalog(PyObject *self, PyObject *args)
{
    int r;
    char *id_ = NULL;
    sd_id128_t id;
    _cleanup_free_ char *msg = NULL;

    assert(!self);
    assert(args);

    if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args, "z:get_catalog", &id_))
        return NULL;

    r = sd_id128_from_string(id_, &id);
    if (set_error(r, NULL, "Invalid id128"))
        return NULL;

    Py_BEGIN_ALLOW_THREADS
    r = sd_journal_get_catalog_for_message_id(id, &msg);
    Py_END_ALLOW_THREADS
    if (set_error(r, NULL, NULL))
        return NULL;

    return unicode_FromString(msg);
}


PyDoc_STRVAR(data_threshold__doc__,
             "Threshold for field size truncation in bytes.\n\n"
             "Fields longer than this will be truncated to the threshold size.\n"
             "Defaults to 64Kb.");

static PyObject* Reader_get_data_threshold(Reader *self, void *closure)
{
    size_t cvalue;
    int r;

    r = sd_journal_get_data_threshold(self->j, &cvalue);
    if (set_error(r, NULL, NULL))
        return NULL;

    return long_FromSize_t(cvalue);
}

static int Reader_set_data_threshold(Reader *self, PyObject *value, void *closure)
{
    int r;
    if (value == NULL) {
        PyErr_SetString(PyExc_AttributeError, "Cannot delete data threshold");
        return -1;
    }
    if (!long_Check(value)){
        PyErr_SetString(PyExc_TypeError, "Data threshold must be an int");
        return -1;
    }
    r = sd_journal_set_data_threshold(self->j, (size_t) long_AsLong(value));
    return set_error(r, NULL, NULL);
}


PyDoc_STRVAR(closed__doc__,
             "True iff journal is closed");
static PyObject* Reader_get_closed(Reader *self, void *closure)
{
    return PyBool_FromLong(self->j == NULL);
}


static PyGetSetDef Reader_getsetters[] = {
    {(char*) "data_threshold",
     (getter) Reader_get_data_threshold,
     (setter) Reader_set_data_threshold,
     (char*) data_threshold__doc__,
     NULL},
    {(char*) "closed",
     (getter) Reader_get_closed,
     NULL,
     (char*) closed__doc__,
     NULL},
    {} /* Sentinel */
};

static PyMethodDef Reader_methods[] = {
    {"fileno",          (PyCFunction) Reader_fileno, METH_NOARGS, Reader_fileno__doc__},
    {"reliable_fd",     (PyCFunction) Reader_reliable_fd, METH_NOARGS, Reader_reliable_fd__doc__},
    {"get_events",      (PyCFunction) Reader_get_events, METH_NOARGS, Reader_get_events__doc__},
    {"get_timeout",     (PyCFunction) Reader_get_timeout, METH_NOARGS, Reader_get_timeout__doc__},
    {"get_timeout_ms",  (PyCFunction) Reader_get_timeout_ms, METH_NOARGS, Reader_get_timeout_ms__doc__},
    {"close",           (PyCFunction) Reader_close, METH_NOARGS, Reader_close__doc__},
    {"get_usage",       (PyCFunction) Reader_get_usage, METH_NOARGS, Reader_get_usage__doc__},
    {"__enter__",       (PyCFunction) Reader___enter__, METH_NOARGS, Reader___enter____doc__},
    {"__exit__",        (PyCFunction) Reader___exit__, METH_VARARGS, Reader___exit____doc__},
    {"_next",           (PyCFunction) Reader_next, METH_VARARGS, Reader_next__doc__},
    {"_previous",       (PyCFunction) Reader_previous, METH_VARARGS, Reader_previous__doc__},
    {"_get",            (PyCFunction) Reader_get, METH_VARARGS, Reader_get__doc__},
    {"_get_all",        (PyCFunction) Reader_get_all, METH_NOARGS, Reader_get_all__doc__},
    {"_get_realtime",   (PyCFunction) Reader_get_realtime, METH_NOARGS, Reader_get_realtime__doc__},
    {"_get_monotonic",  (PyCFunction) Reader_get_monotonic, METH_NOARGS, Reader_get_monotonic__doc__},
    {"add_match",       (PyCFunction) Reader_add_match, METH_VARARGS|METH_KEYWORDS, Reader_add_match__doc__},
    {"add_disjunction", (PyCFunction) Reader_add_disjunction, METH_NOARGS, Reader_add_disjunction__doc__},
    {"add_conjunction", (PyCFunction) Reader_add_conjunction, METH_NOARGS, Reader_add_conjunction__doc__},
    {"flush_matches",   (PyCFunction) Reader_flush_matches, METH_NOARGS, Reader_flush_matches__doc__},
    {"seek_head",       (PyCFunction) Reader_seek_head, METH_NOARGS, Reader_seek_head__doc__},
    {"seek_tail",       (PyCFunction) Reader_seek_tail, METH_NOARGS, Reader_seek_tail__doc__},
    {"seek_realtime",   (PyCFunction) Reader_seek_realtime, METH_VARARGS, Reader_seek_realtime__doc__},
    {"seek_monotonic",  (PyCFunction) Reader_seek_monotonic, METH_VARARGS, Reader_seek_monotonic__doc__},
    {"process",         (PyCFunction) Reader_process, METH_NOARGS, Reader_process__doc__},
    {"wait",            (PyCFunction) Reader_wait, METH_VARARGS, Reader_wait__doc__},
    {"seek_cursor",     (PyCFunction) Reader_seek_cursor, METH_VARARGS, Reader_seek_cursor__doc__},
    {"_get_cursor",     (PyCFunction) Reader_get_cursor, METH_NOARGS, Reader_get_cursor__doc__},
    {"test_cursor",     (PyCFunction) Reader_test_cursor, METH_VARARGS, Reader_test_cursor__doc__},
    {"query_unique",    (PyCFunction) Reader_query_unique, METH_VARARGS, Reader_query_unique__doc__},
    {"get_catalog",     (PyCFunction) Reader_get_catalog, METH_NOARGS, Reader_get_catalog__doc__},
    {}  /* Sentinel */
};

static PyTypeObject ReaderType = {
    PyVarObject_HEAD_INIT(NULL, 0)
    "_reader._Reader",                        /*tp_name*/
    sizeof(Reader),                           /*tp_basicsize*/
    0,                                        /*tp_itemsize*/
    (destructor)Reader_dealloc,               /*tp_dealloc*/
    0,                                        /*tp_print*/
    0,                                        /*tp_getattr*/
    0,                                        /*tp_setattr*/
    0,                                        /*tp_compare*/
    0,                                        /*tp_repr*/
    0,                                        /*tp_as_number*/
    0,                                        /*tp_as_sequence*/
    0,                                        /*tp_as_mapping*/
    0,                                        /*tp_hash */
    0,                                        /*tp_call*/
    0,                                        /*tp_str*/
    0,                                        /*tp_getattro*/
    0,                                        /*tp_setattro*/
    0,                                        /*tp_as_buffer*/
    Py_TPFLAGS_DEFAULT | Py_TPFLAGS_BASETYPE, /*tp_flags*/
    Reader__doc__,                            /* tp_doc */
    0,                                        /* tp_traverse */
    0,                                        /* tp_clear */
    0,                                        /* tp_richcompare */
    0,                                        /* tp_weaklistoffset */
    0,                                        /* tp_iter */
    0,                                        /* tp_iternext */
    Reader_methods,                           /* tp_methods */
    0,                                        /* tp_members */
    Reader_getsetters,                        /* tp_getset */
    0,                                        /* tp_base */
    0,                                        /* tp_dict */
    0,                                        /* tp_descr_get */
    0,                                        /* tp_descr_set */
    0,                                        /* tp_dictoffset */
    (initproc) Reader_init,                   /* tp_init */
    0,                                        /* tp_alloc */
    PyType_GenericNew,                        /* tp_new */
};

static PyMethodDef methods[] = {
        { "_get_catalog", get_catalog, METH_VARARGS, get_catalog__doc__},
        { NULL, NULL, 0, NULL }        /* Sentinel */
};

#if PY_MAJOR_VERSION >= 3
static PyModuleDef module = {
    PyModuleDef_HEAD_INIT,
    "_reader",
    module__doc__,
    -1,
    methods,
    NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL
};
#endif

#if PY_MAJOR_VERSION >= 3
static bool initialized = false;
#endif

#pragma GCC diagnostic push
#pragma GCC diagnostic ignored "-Wmissing-prototypes"

PyMODINIT_FUNC
#if PY_MAJOR_VERSION >= 3
PyInit__reader(void)
#else
init_reader(void)
#endif
{
    PyObject* m;

    PyDateTime_IMPORT;

    if (PyType_Ready(&ReaderType) < 0)
#if PY_MAJOR_VERSION >= 3
        return NULL;
#else
        return;
#endif

#if PY_MAJOR_VERSION >= 3
    m = PyModule_Create(&module);
    if (m == NULL)
        return NULL;

    if (!initialized) {
        PyStructSequence_InitType(&MonotonicType, &Monotonic_desc);
        initialized = true;
    }
#else
    m = Py_InitModule3("_reader", methods, module__doc__);
    if (m == NULL)
        return;
#endif

    Py_INCREF(&ReaderType);
#if PY_MAJOR_VERSION >= 3
    Py_INCREF(&MonotonicType);
#endif
    if (PyModule_AddObject(m, "_Reader", (PyObject *) &ReaderType) ||
#if PY_MAJOR_VERSION >= 3
        PyModule_AddObject(m, "Monotonic", (PyObject*) &MonotonicType) ||
#endif
        PyModule_AddIntConstant(m, "NOP", SD_JOURNAL_NOP) ||
        PyModule_AddIntConstant(m, "APPEND", SD_JOURNAL_APPEND) ||
        PyModule_AddIntConstant(m, "INVALIDATE", SD_JOURNAL_INVALIDATE) ||
        PyModule_AddIntConstant(m, "LOCAL_ONLY", SD_JOURNAL_LOCAL_ONLY) ||
        PyModule_AddIntConstant(m, "RUNTIME_ONLY", SD_JOURNAL_RUNTIME_ONLY) ||
        PyModule_AddIntConstant(m, "SYSTEM", SD_JOURNAL_SYSTEM) ||
        PyModule_AddIntConstant(m, "SYSTEM_ONLY", SD_JOURNAL_SYSTEM_ONLY) ||
        PyModule_AddIntConstant(m, "CURRENT_USER", SD_JOURNAL_CURRENT_USER) ||
        PyModule_AddStringConstant(m, "__version__", PACKAGE_VERSION)) {
#if PY_MAJOR_VERSION >= 3
        Py_DECREF(m);
        return NULL;
#endif
    }

#if PY_MAJOR_VERSION >= 3
    return m;
#endif
}

#pragma GCC diagnostic pop