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+<?xml version='1.0'?> <!--*- Mode: nxml; nxml-child-indent: 2; indent-tabs-mode: nil -*-->
+<!DOCTYPE refentry PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.2//EN"
+"http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.2/docbookx.dtd">
+
+<!--
+  This file is part of systemd.
+
+  Copyright 2014 Zbigniew Jędrzejewski-Szmek
+
+  systemd is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+  under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as published by
+  the Free Software Foundation; either version 2.1 of the License, or
+  (at your option) any later version.
+
+  systemd is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but
+  WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+  MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU
+  Lesser General Public License for more details.
+
+  You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public License
+  along with systemd; If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+-->
+
+<refentry id="sd_bus_message_append_array"
+          xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude">
+
+  <refentryinfo>
+    <title>sd_bus_message_append_array</title>
+    <productname>systemd</productname>
+
+    <authorgroup>
+      <author>
+        <contrib>A monkey with a typewriter</contrib>
+        <firstname>Zbigniew</firstname>
+        <surname>Jędrzejewski-Szmek</surname>
+        <email>zbyszek@in.waw.pl</email>
+      </author>
+    </authorgroup>
+  </refentryinfo>
+
+  <refmeta>
+    <refentrytitle>sd_bus_message_append_array</refentrytitle>
+    <manvolnum>3</manvolnum>
+  </refmeta>
+
+  <refnamediv>
+    <refname>sd_bus_message_append_array</refname>
+    <refname>sd_bus_message_append_array_memfd</refname>
+    <refname>sd_bus_message_append_array_iovec</refname>
+    <refname>sd_bus_message_append_array_space</refname>
+
+    <refpurpose>Append an array of fields to a D-Bus
+    message</refpurpose>
+  </refnamediv>
+
+  <refsynopsisdiv>
+    <funcsynopsis>
+      <funcsynopsisinfo>#include &lt;systemd/sd-bus.h&gt;</funcsynopsisinfo>
+
+      <funcprototype>
+        <funcdef>int sd_bus_message_append_array</funcdef>
+        <paramdef>sd_bus_message *<parameter>m</parameter></paramdef>
+        <paramdef>char <parameter>type</parameter></paramdef>
+        <paramdef>char void *<parameter>ptr</parameter></paramdef>
+        <paramdef>size_t <parameter>size</parameter></paramdef>
+      </funcprototype>
+
+      <funcprototype>
+        <funcdef>int sd_bus_message_append_array_memfd</funcdef>
+        <paramdef>sd_bus_message *<parameter>m</parameter></paramdef>
+        <paramdef>char <parameter>type</parameter></paramdef>
+        <paramdef>int <parameter>memfd</parameter></paramdef>
+        <paramdef>uint64_t <parameter>offset</parameter></paramdef>
+        <paramdef>uint64_t <parameter>size</parameter></paramdef>
+      </funcprototype>
+
+      <funcprototype>
+        <funcdef>int sd_bus_message_append_array_iovec</funcdef>
+        <paramdef>sd_bus_message *<parameter>m</parameter></paramdef>
+        <paramdef>char <parameter>type</parameter></paramdef>
+        <paramdef>const struct iovec *<parameter>iov</parameter></paramdef>
+        <paramdef>unsigned <parameter>n</parameter></paramdef>
+      </funcprototype>
+
+      <funcprototype>
+        <funcdef>int sd_bus_message_append_array_space</funcdef>
+        <paramdef>char <parameter>type</parameter></paramdef>
+        <paramdef>size_t <parameter>size</parameter></paramdef>
+        <paramdef>void **<parameter>ptr</parameter></paramdef>
+      </funcprototype>
+    </funcsynopsis>
+  </refsynopsisdiv>
+
+  <refsect1>
+    <title>Description</title>
+
+    <para>The <function>sd_bus_message_append_array()</function>
+    function appends an array to a D-Bus message
+    <parameter>m</parameter>. A container will be opened, the array
+    contents appended, and the container closed. The parameter
+    <parameter>type</parameter> determines how the pointer
+    <parameter>p</parameter> is interpreted.
+    <parameter>type</parameter> must be one of the "trivial" types
+    <literal>y</literal>, <literal>n</literal>, <literal>q</literal>,
+    <literal>i</literal>, <literal>u</literal>, <literal>x</literal>,
+    <literal>t</literal>, <literal>d</literal> (but not
+    <literal>b</literal>), as defined by the <ulink
+    url="http://dbus.freedesktop.org/doc/dbus-specification.html#basic-types">Basic
+    Types</ulink> section of the D-Bus specification, and listed in
+    <citerefentry><refentrytitle>sd_bus_message_append_basic</refentrytitle><manvolnum>3</manvolnum></citerefentry>.
+    Pointer <parameter>p</parameter> must point to an array of size
+    <parameter>size</parameter> bytes containing items of the
+    respective type. Size <parameter>size</parameter> must be a
+    multiple of the size of the type <parameter>type</parameter>. As a
+    special case, <parameter>p</parameter> may be
+    <constant>NULL</constant>, if <parameter>size</parameter> is 0.
+    The memory pointed to by <parameter>p</parameter> is copied into
+    the memory area containing the message and stays in possession of
+    the caller. The caller may hence freely change the data after this
+    call without affecting the message the array was appended
+    to.</para>
+
+    <para>The <function>sd_bus_message_append_array_memfd()</function>
+    function appends an array of a trivial type to message
+    <parameter>m</parameter>, similar to
+    <function>sd_bus_message_append_array()</function>. The contents
+    of the memory file descriptor <parameter>memfd</parameter>
+    starting at the specified offset and of the specified size is
+    used as the contents of the array. The offset and size must be a
+    multiple of the size of the type
+    <parameter>type</parameter>. However, as a special exception, if
+    the offset is specified as zero and the size specified as
+    UINT64_MAX the full memory file descriptor contents is used. The
+    memory file descriptor is sealed by this call if it has not been
+    sealed yet, and cannot be modified after this call. See
+    <citerefentry
+    project='man-pages'><refentrytitle>memfd_create</refentrytitle><manvolnum>2</manvolnum></citerefentry>
+    for details about memory file descriptors. Appending arrays with
+    memory file descriptors enables efficient zero-copy data transfer,
+    as the memory file descriptor may be passed as-is to the
+    destination, without copying the memory in it to the destination
+    process. Not all protocol transports support passing memory file
+    descriptors between participants, in which case this call will
+    automatically fall back to copying. Also, as memory file
+    descriptor passing is inefficient for smaller amounts of data,
+    copying might still be enforced even where memory file descriptor
+    passing is supported.</para>
+
+    <para>The <function>sd_bus_message_append_array_iovec()</function>
+    function appends an array of a trivial type to the message
+    <parameter>m</parameter>, similar to
+    <function>sd_bus_message_append_array()</function>. Contents of
+    the I/O vector array <parameter>iov</parameter> are used as the
+    contents of the array. The total size of
+    <parameter>iov</parameter> payload (the sum of
+    <structfield>iov_len</structfield> fields) must be a multiple of
+    the size of the type <parameter>type</parameter>. The
+    <parameter>iov</parameter> argument must point to
+    <parameter>n</parameter> I/O vector structures. Each structure may
+    have the <structname>iov_base</structname> field set, in which
+    case the memory pointed to will be copied into the message, or
+    unset (set to zero), in which case a block of zeros of length
+    <structname>iov_len</structname> bytes will be inserted. The
+    memory pointed at by <parameter>iov</parameter> may be changed
+    after this call.</para>
+
+    <para>The <function>sd_bus_message_append_array_space()</function>
+    function appends space for an array of a trivial type to message
+    <parameter>m</parameter>.  It behaves the same as
+    <function>sd_bus_message_append_array()</function>, but instead of
+    copying items to the message, it returns a pointer to the
+    destination area to the caller in pointer
+    <parameter>p</parameter>. The caller should subsequently write the
+    array contents to this memory. Modifications to the memory
+    pointed to should only occur until the next operation on the bus
+    message is invoked. Most importantly, the memory should not be
+    altered anymore when another field has been added to the message
+    or the message has been sealed.</para>
+  </refsect1>
+
+  <refsect1>
+    <title>Return Value</title>
+
+    <para>On success, these calls return 0 or a positive integer. On
+    failure, they return a negative errno-style error code.</para>
+  </refsect1>
+
+  <xi:include href="sd_bus_message_append_basic.xml" xpointer="errors" />
+
+  <refsect1>
+    <title>Notes</title>
+
+    <para><function>sd_bus_append_array()</function> and other
+    functions described here are available as a shared library, which
+    can be compiled and linked to with the
+    <constant>libsystemd</constant> <citerefentry project='die-net'><refentrytitle>pkg-config</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>
+    file.</para>
+  </refsect1>
+
+  <refsect1>
+    <title>See Also</title>
+
+    <para>
+      <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
+      <citerefentry><refentrytitle>sd-bus</refentrytitle><manvolnum>3</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
+      <citerefentry><refentrytitle>sd_bus_message_append</refentrytitle><manvolnum>3</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
+      <citerefentry><refentrytitle>sd_bus_message_append_basic</refentrytitle><manvolnum>3</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
+      <citerefentry project='man-pages'><refentrytitle>memfd_create</refentrytitle><manvolnum>2</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
+      <ulink url="http://dbus.freedesktop.org/doc/dbus-specification.html">The D-Bus specification</ulink>
+    </para>
+  </refsect1>
+
+</refentry>