containers: systemd exits with non-zero code

When a systemd service running in a container exits with a non-zero
code, it can be useful to terminate the container immediately and get
the exit code back to the host, when systemd-nspawn returns. This was
not possible to do. This patch adds the following to make it possible:

- Add a read-only "ExitCode" property on PID 1's "Manager" bus object.
  By default, it is 0 so the behaviour stays the same as previously.
- Add a method "SetExitCode" on the same object. The method fails when
  called on baremetal: it is only allowed in containers or in user
  session.
- Add support in systemctl to call "systemctl exit 42". It reuses the
  existing code for user session.
- Add exit.target and systemd-exit.service to the system instance.
- Change main() to actually call systemd-shutdown to exit() with the
  correct value.
- Add verb 'exit' in systemd-shutdown with parameter --exit-code
- Update systemctl manpage.

I used the following to test it:

| $ sudo rkt --debug --insecure-skip-verify run \
|            --mds-register=false --local docker://busybox \
|            --exec=/bin/chroot -- /proc/1/root \
|            systemctl --force exit 42
| ...
| Container rkt-895a0cba-5c66-4fa5-831c-e3f8ddc5810d failed with error code 42.
| $ echo $?
| 42

Fixes https://github.com/systemd/systemd/issues/1290

3 files changed, 35 insertions, 0 deletions

diff --git a/units/.gitignore b/units/.gitignore
index d45492d06b..049371884a 100644
--- a/units/.gitignore
+++ b/units/.gitignore
@@ -30,6 +30,7 @@
 /systemd-fsck@.service
 /systemd-machine-id-commit.service
 /systemd-halt.service
+/systemd-exit.service
 /systemd-hibernate.service
 /systemd-hostnamed.service
 /systemd-hybrid-sleep.service
diff --git a/units/exit.target b/units/exit.target
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..f5f953d112
--- /dev/null
+++ b/units/exit.target
@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+#  This file is part of systemd.
+#
+#  systemd is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+#  under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as published by
+#  the Free Software Foundation; either version 2.1 of the License, or
+#  (at your option) any later version.
+
+[Unit]
+Description=Exit the container
+Documentation=man:systemd.special(7)
+DefaultDependencies=no
+Requires=systemd-exit.service
+After=systemd-exit.service
+AllowIsolate=yes
+
+[Install]
+Alias=ctrl-alt-del.target
diff --git a/units/systemd-exit.service.in b/units/systemd-exit.service.in
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..2dbfb36b41
--- /dev/null
+++ b/units/systemd-exit.service.in
@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+#  This file is part of systemd.
+#
+#  systemd is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+#  under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as published by
+#  the Free Software Foundation; either version 2.1 of the License, or
+#  (at your option) any later version.
+
+[Unit]
+Description=Exit the Session
+Documentation=man:systemd.special(7)
+DefaultDependencies=no
+Requires=shutdown.target
+After=shutdown.target
+
+[Service]
+Type=oneshot
+ExecStart=@SYSTEMCTL@ --force exit