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Diffstat (limited to 'src/libsystemd/libsystemd-internal/sd-bus/GVARIANT-SERIALIZATION')
| -rw-r--r-- | src/libsystemd/libsystemd-internal/sd-bus/GVARIANT-SERIALIZATION | 110 |
1 files changed, 110 insertions, 0 deletions
diff --git a/src/libsystemd/libsystemd-internal/sd-bus/GVARIANT-SERIALIZATION b/src/libsystemd/libsystemd-internal/sd-bus/GVARIANT-SERIALIZATION new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..6aeb11364a --- /dev/null +++ b/src/libsystemd/libsystemd-internal/sd-bus/GVARIANT-SERIALIZATION @@ -0,0 +1,110 @@ +How we use GVariant for serializing D-Bus messages +-------------------------------------------------- + +We stay close to the original dbus1 framing as possible, but make +certain changes to adapt for GVariant. dbus1 has the following +framing: + + 1. A fixed header of "yyyyuu" + 2. Additional header fields of "a(yv)" + 3. Padding with NUL bytes to pad up to next 8byte boundary + 4. The body + +Note that the body is not padded at the end, the complete message +hence might have a non-aligned size. Reading multiple messages at once +will hence result in possibly unaligned messages in memory. + +The header consists of the following: + + y Endianness, 'l' or 'B' + y Message Type + y Flags + y Protocol version, '1' + u Length of the body, i.e. the length of part 4 above + u 32bit Serial number + + = 12 bytes + +This header is then followed by the fields array, whose first value is +a 32bit array size. + +When using GVariant we keep the basic structure in place, only +slightly alter the header, and define protocol version '2'. The new +header: + + y Endianness, 'l' or 'B' + y Message Type + y Flags + y Protocol version, '2' + u Reserved, must be 0 + t 64bit Cookie + + = 16 bytes + +This is then followed by the GVariant fields array ("a{tv}"), and +finally the actual body as variant (v). Putting this altogether a +packet on dbus2 hence qualifies as a fully compliant GVariant +structure of (yyyyuta{tv}v). + +For details on gvariant, see: + +https://people.gnome.org/~desrt/gvariant-serialisation.pdf + +Regarding the framing of dbus2, also see: + +https://wiki.gnome.org/Projects/GLib/GDBus/Version2 + +The first four bytes of the header are defined the same way for dbus1 +and dbus2. The first bytes contain the endianess field and the +protocol version, so that the remainder of the message can be safely +made sense of just by looking at the first 32bit. + +Note that the length of the body is no longer included in the header +on dbus2! In fact, the message size must be known in advance, from the +underlying transport in order to parse dbus2 messages, while it is +directly included in dbus1 message headers. This change of semantics +is an effect of GVariant's basic design. + +The serial number has been renamed cookie and has been extended from +32bit to 64bit. It is recommended to avoid the higher 32bit of the +cookie field though, to simplify compatibility with dbus1 peers. Note +that not only the cookie/serial field in the fixed header, but also +the reply_cookie/reply_serial additional header field has been +increased from 32bit to 64bit, too! + +The header field identifiers have been extended from 8bit to +64bit. This has been done to simplify things (as kdbus otherwise uses +exclusively 64bit types, unless there is a strong reason not to), and +has no effect on the serialization size, as due to alignment for each +8bit header field identifier 56 bits of padding had to be added. + +Note that the header size changed, due to these changes. However, +consider that on dbus1 the beginning of the fields array contains the +32bit array size (since that is how arrays are encoded on dbus1), +thus, if one considers that size part of the header, instead of the +array, the size of the header on dbus1 and dbus2 stays identical, at +16 bytes. + + 0 4 8 12 16 + Common: | E | T | F | V | ... + + dbus1: | (as above) | Body Length | Serial | Fields Length | Fields array ... + + gvariant: | (as above) | Reserved | Cookie | Fields array ... + +And that's already it. + +Note: to simplify parsing, valid kdbus/dbus2 messages must include the +entire fixed header and additional header fields in a single non-memfd +message part. Also, the signature string of the body variant all the +way to the end of the message must be in a single non-memfd part +too. The parts for this extended header and footer can be the same +one, and can also continue any amount of additional body bytes. + +Note: on kdbus only native endian messages marshalled in gvariant may + be sent. If a client receives a message in non-native endianness + or in dbus1 marshalling it shall ignore the message. + +Note: The GVariant "MAYBE" type is not supported, so that messages can + be fully converted forth and back between dbus1 and gvariant + representations. |